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用微量肉汤稀释法对180株鸡源大肠杆菌临床分离株进行了6种氟喹诺酮类药物的耐药性监测，大多数分离株对氟喹诺酮类药物表现出高耐药率（52．9％～93．30%）并呈多重耐药性。提取各菌株染色体DNA，对gyrA基因QRDR进行PCR扩增并测序。氨基序列分析结果显示：168株耐药菌株的第83位的氨基酸均发生了变异，由丝氨酸（S）变为亮氨酸（L）；对4种以上氟喹诺酮类药物有耐药性的107株分离株除第83位氨基酸发变异外，第87位氨基酸也发生了变异，88株由天冬氨酸（D）变为天冬酰氨（N），13株为酪氨酸（Y），5株变为甘氨酸（G），1株变为丙氨酸（A），由此表明鸡源大肠杆菌对氟喹诺类药物的耐药程度与gyrA基因QRDR的变异密切相关，第83位氨基酸变异是大肠杆菌现对氟喹诺酮类药物耐药的关键。 相似文献
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为研究大肠杆菌多重耐药调控基因rob与不同动物源性及多重耐药水平之间的关系，选取临床分离的不同动物源性大肠杆菌5株及大肠杆菌药敏质控株ATCC25922，在对其进行主要治疗药物耐药性检测的基础上，分别以其染色体DNA为模板，通过PCR反应扩增出大肠杆菌多重耐药调控基因rob，将该基因分别与克隆载体pMD18-T连接，连接产物转化至大肠杆菌JM109感受态细胞中，对经酶切与PCR反应鉴定为阳性的克隆质粒进行了核苷酸序列测定。测序结果表明：不同动物源性大肠杆菌的rob基因与Gen-Bank中该基因的核苷酸序列及所推导的氨基酸序列的同源性较高。不同源性大肠杆菌的rob基因的核苷酸序列与其动物源性有关，该基因的核苷酸序列的个别突变位点可能影响AcrAB外输泵的表达水平，进而影响其多重耐药水平。 相似文献
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鸡源大肠杆菌的血清型分布与耐药性监测 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
对180株鸡源大肠杆菌分离菌株进行O血清型鉴定，鉴定出171个分离菌株的O血清型40种，占分离菌株的95％，其中O36血清型的菌株最多，有40株，占定型菌株的23．9％，为优势血清型菌株。采用微量稀释法药敏试验监测了180株鸡源大肠杆菌分离菌株对20种抗菌药物的耐药性，结果表明，除头孢曲松、头孢氨噻肟、头孢噻呋、阿米卡星、氟苯尼考外，分离菌株对其余15种抗生素均呈现出不同程度的耐药性，其中，172株大肠杆菌分离菌株对两种或多种抗生素有耐药性，对萘啶酸的耐药率最高(93．3％)，其次是四环素(88．9％)、氨苄青霉素(72．8％)、阿莫西林(7l、7％)、罗比沙星(64.4％)、沙拉沙星(62．8％)。大多数分离株对氟喹诺酮类药物有很高的耐药率(52．9％～93．3％)，并表现出多重耐药性，124株分离株表现为对2种以上氟喹诺酮类药物的耐药性。 相似文献
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研究大肠杆菌多重耐药外输泵抑制基因AcrR和MarR突变对大肠杆菌多重耐药的调节机制。采用琼脂平板二倍稀释法测定环丙沙星、诺氟沙星、氯霉素、四环素、利福平、庆大霉素、大观霉素、阿米卡星、链霉素、阿莫西林等10种药物对临床分离的33株大肠杆菌和大肠埃希氏菌的标准菌株ATCC25922的最小抑菌浓度（MIC），从中筛选出7株多重耐药菌和2株相对敏感菌，并对这9株菌及标准菌ATCC25922的AcrR和MarR基因进行聚合酶链式反应（PCR）扩增并克隆后测序，分析DNA序列及氨基酸序列的突变情况。耐药菌和敏感菌均发现有部分菌株发生了不同程度的点突变。AcrR和MarR同时突变将更大限度的提高细菌的耐药性。 相似文献
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按常规方法提取鸡毒霉形体3株临床分离株和参考株(S6-10)的基因组DNA，扩增各菌株DNA旋转酶gyrA基因片段，并克隆、测序，用DNAsis软件对测序结果进行分析。结果表明，HS1、HS2株均在GyrA亚基第87位发生了Glu87→Gly氨基酸取代，除此之外，耐药水平较高的HS2株还在第83位发生了Ser83→Ile氨基酸取代，而FL分离株虽对氟喹诺酮类药物产生了低水平耐药，但在GyrA亚基未发生任何氨基酸突变。 相似文献
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鸡大肠杆菌病病原的分离鉴定及药敏试验 总被引：10，自引：4，他引：10
自疑似大肠杆菌病例中分离到大肠杆菌44株，并对其病原特性进行了研究，结果表明这些菌的生化特性基本一致，与文献报道相符。对此44株大肠杆菌进行血清型鉴定，鉴定出血清型39株，其中O血清型13种，以O78、O35、O24、O1、O15、O76和O88等7个血清型为主，占定型菌株的84.6%。其中血清型为O78的菌株占定型菌株的38.5%，为优势血清型。用9种抗菌药物（头孢唑啉、庆大霉素、阿米卡星、链霉素、环丙沙星、诺氟沙星、青霉素、妥布霉素、红霉素）进行了药敏试验，结果表明分离菌株呈现出不同程度的耐药性，其中青霉素、红霉素的耐药率最高（均为97.7%），其次是环丙沙星（81.8%），大多数为多重联合耐药；而阿米卡星、妥布霉素和庆大霉素的敏感率较高，其中以阿米卡星（90.9%）最敏感。 相似文献
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Characterization of Escherichia coli isolated from cases of avian colibacillosis. 总被引：6，自引：1，他引：5 
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下载免费PDF全文 Forty-four western Canadian isolates of Escherichia coli associated with colibacillosis of turkeys and chickens were examined for serotype, antibiotic resistance, and production of aerobactin. The isolates belonged to fourteen O serogroups, with 39% of the strains being non-typeable. A high frequency of resistance to tetracycline, kanamycin, neomycin, cephalothin, streptomycin and erythromycin was observed. Most isolates produced aerobactin. Ten E. coli belonging to serogroups O1, O2 and O78 were also examined for pili production, hemagglutination, serum sensitivity, production of iron-regulated outer membrane proteins (IROMPS), and virulence. All isolates examined produced pili, exhibited mannose-sensitive hemagglutination of avian red blood cells and produced IROMPS under iron-restricted growth conditions. The five isolates of serogroup O1 and O2 were resistant to killing by turkey serum and were highly virulent. Only two of the five isolates of serogroup O78 were serum resistant. No correlation between serum resistance and virulence was observed in serogroup O78. 相似文献
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Gottlieb S Wigney DI Martin PA Norris JM Malik R Govendir M 《Australian veterinary journal》2008,86(4):147-152
OBJECTIVES AND DESIGN: 1) A prospective study to determine in vitro concentrations for a range of fluoroquinolones, gentamicin and amoxycillin-clavulanate required to inhibit growth of recently collected, feline and canine Escherichia coli and canine Staphylococcus intermedius isolates. 2) A comparative retrospective study to compare the minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of ciprofloxacin, enrofloxacin and amoxycillin-clavulanate for archived canine E coli and S intermedius isolates collected ten to twenty years earlier, with those for recently collected isolates. PROCEDURE: Susceptibility was assessed using disk diffusion, agar dilution susceptibility testing and Epsilometer tests (E-tests) for both recently collected and archived isolates. RESULTS: All feline E coli isolates and recently collected canine S intermedius isolates were susceptible to all fluoroquinolones. There was a statistically significant increase in the MIC range of ciprofloxacin and enrofloxacin for recently collected E coli, and in the MIC range of amoxycillin-clavulanate for recently collected S intermedius isolates compared to archived isolates. Twelve of 59 recently collected canine E coli isolates were resistant to both ciprofloxacin and enrofloxacin. Resistant canine E coli isolates were associated with complicating host or infection site factors. CONCLUSION: This is the first report comparing the MICs for all veterinary fluoroquinolones currently available in Australia for a representative sample of canine and feline E coli and canine S intermedius isolates. Importantly, this study identified 12 of 59 canine E coli isolates resistant to fluoroquinolones and identified the development of low level resistance in canine E coli to ciprofloxacin and enrofloxacin and canine S intermedius to amoxycillin-clavulanate. 相似文献
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Lee JH 《Veterinary microbiology》2009,135(3-4):401-405
The present study was to investigate antimicrobial resistance profiles of Escherichia coli O26 and O111 from cattle and to characterize the virulence genes of the resistant isolates. This paper reports the high prevalence of antimicrobial resistant E. coli O26 and O111 from cattle. Among 37 E. coli O26 and 25 E. coli O111 isolates from the fecal specimens obtained from cattle, 26 (70%) and 15 (60%) were resistant to at least one antibiotic, respectively. Forty (98%) of the 41 resistant isolates were resistant to two or more antibiotics. Among the 22 antibiotics tested in this study, ampicillin was the most common antibiotic that the isolates were resistant to, followed by tetracycline and streptomycin. None of the isolates were resistant to fluoroquinolones, such as ciprofloxacin, ofloxacin and norfloxacin, and to ceftriaxone, amikacin and imipenem. Eighteen different resistant types among the 41 isolates were observed by the cluster analysis. The most frequent antibiotic-resistance type was ampicillin-tetracycline-streptomycin-cephalothin-sulfisoxazole-ticarcillin-kanamycin-minocycline-piperacillin-chloramphenicol, which accounted for 9 (22%) of the resistant isolates. The observation of frequent and multiple resistances to antibiotics highlights the need for their careful use if their benefits are to be preserved. PCR analysis of the EHEC virulence markers showed that 25 of the resistant E. coli O26 and O111 isolates tested positive for stx2 or both stx1 and stx2. This suggests that the majority of these isolates can cause serious diseases in humans and may complicate the future therapeutic options under development. 相似文献
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In total, 83 avian pathogenic Escherichia coli (APEC) isolates from avian colibacillosis during a period from 2001 to 2006 in Japan were investigated for serogroups, typical virulence factors, antimicrobial susceptibility, and genetic relatedness. The most common serogroup was O78 (30.1%); 80.7% of isolates harbored the iss gene and 55.4% of isolates harbored the tsh gene. Antimicrobial resistance of the isolates was found for ampicillin (77.1%), oxytetracycline (75.9%), kanamycin (36.1%), fradiomycin (33.7%), trimethoprim (25.3%), enrofloxacin (21.7%), and florfenicol (6.0%). Although multiple antimicrobial-resistant phenotypes (three or more antimicrobials) accounted for 54.2% of isolates, no isolate exhibited resistance to all agents tested. The fluoroquinolone-resistant isolates had point mutations in GyrA (Ser83 --> Leu, Asp87 --> Asn) and ParC (Ser80 --> Ile, Glu84 --> Gly). Of 18 enrofloxacin-resistant E. coli isolates, nine isolates belonged to serotype O78. In PFGE analysis, eight of the nine enrofloxacin-resistant O78 isolates were classified into an identical cluster. This suggests that a specific genotype of fluoroquinolone-resistant O78 APEC may be widely distributed in Japan. 相似文献
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为调查山东省禽源致病性大肠杆菌流行的血清型及耐药性,从山东部分地区的45家养禽场分离到致病性大肠杆菌96株,应用微量平板凝集试验进行了血清型鉴定,共鉴定出18种血清型,其中优势血清型6种,分别为O78、O2、O15、O18、O143、O88,占定型致病性菌株的64％。抗菌药物敏感性试验发现,96株大肠杆菌对20种药物有不同程度的耐药性。75％以上的菌株对氨苄青霉素、阿莫西林、土霉素等5种抗菌药耐药,50％以上的菌株对卡那霉素、多西环素、环丙沙星等7种抗菌药表现为耐药;所有分离株存在多重耐药现象,75％的受检菌对9种或9种以上的被测药物耐药。结果表明,O78、O2、O15、O18、O143、O886种血清型是山东省部分地区近年来禽源致病性大肠杆菌的优势血清型,且禽源致病性大肠杆菌的耐药现象严重,有必要加强耐药性检测,以指导兽医临床合理使用抗菌药物。 相似文献
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Comparison of antimicrobial resistance in generic Escherichia coli and Salmonella spp. cultured from identical fecal samples in finishing swine 下载免费PDF全文
下载免费PDF全文 Csaba Varga Andrijana Raji&#x; Margaret E. McFall Richard J. Reid-Smith Anne E. Deckert David L. Pearl Brent P. Avery Sylvia L. Checkley Scott A. McEwen 《Canadian journal of veterinary research》2008,72(2):181-187
The objectives of this study were to investigate the associations between antimicrobial resistance patterns in generic Escherichia coli and Salmonella spp. isolates recovered from identical pen pooled fecal samples, and to evaluate potential clustering of multiple isolates of these organisms within identical fecal samples. Up to 5 generic E. coli (n = 922 isolates) and Salmonella spp. (n = 922 isolates) isolates were obtained from each of 188 pen pooled fecal samples that had been collected from 45 finishing swine farms in Alberta in 2000, and tested for susceptibility to 15 antimicrobials. No isolates of either organism were resistant to 3rd generation cephalosporins or fluoroquinolones, which in Canada are considered antimicrobials of very high importance to human health. Approximately twice as many generic E. coli isolates as Salmonella spp. isolates were resistant to at least 1 antimicrobial. In addition, E. coli isolates showed more multidrug-resistance patterns. No significant association was observed between the resistance phenotypes of Salmonella spp. and E. coli at the fecal sample level. More clustering at the sample level was observed for proportions of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) in Salmonella spp. isolates than E. coli indicating that in future studies it might be sufficient to test fewer than 5 Salmonella spp. isolates per sample. 相似文献
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Jeffrey JS Nolan LK Tonooka KH Wolfe S Giddings CW Horne SM Foley SL Lynne AM Ebert JO Elijah LM Bjorklund G Pfaff-McDonough SJ Singer RS Doetkott C 《Avian diseases》2002,46(1):48-52
This study was designed to compare virulence factors of cellulitis-derived Escherichia coli to colisepticemic E. coli in order to clarify whether E. coli associated with cellulitis comprise a unique subset of pathogenic E. coli. Isolates were tested for serotype, capsule, aerobactin production, colicin production, the presence of the iss gene, and serum resistance. Untypable isolates made up the greatest percentage of each group. Serotypes O2 and O78 were the most commonly identified among both groups of isolates. No statistical differences in the distribution of aerobactin or colicin production, capsule, or iss gene were observed between groups. Cluster analysis showed that 90% of the E. coli isolates had greater than 42% livability in serum-resistance tests. No separation of colisepticemic vs. cellulitis E. coli isolates was observed on the basis of SR. Colicin production by E. coli was highly correlated with serum resistance (P = 0.0029). These data suggest that cellulitis E. coli have virulence traits similar to those of colisepticemic E. coli. 相似文献
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Awji EG Damte D Lee SJ Lee JS Kim YH Park SC 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2012,74(8):1091-1094
The in vitro activity of 15 antimicrobial agents against clinical isolates of Staphylococcus pseudintermedius, Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Pasteurella spp. and Streptococcus canis from dogs was investigated. For Staphylococcus spp., the highest frequency of resistance was observed for penicillin, followed by ampicillin, tetracycline and chloramphenicol. The highest frequency of resistance in E. coli isolates was recorded for tetracycline and streptomycin. Pasteurella spp. and S. canis had the highest resistance rate for tetracycline and chloramphenicol. Most isolates showed full susceptibility to low-level resistance to colistin, florfenicol and fluoroquinolones. Further studies using larger number of isolates from both healthy and diseased dogs would provide a broader picture of antimicrobial resistance at a national level and promote prudent use of antimicrobial agents in companion animals. 相似文献