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1.
测定了从福建省得到的水葫芦致病菌——尾孢霉属菌株FJ24,在不同光照、温度、pH值、碳源、氮源和培养基等条件下菌丝的生长情况。结果表明,全黑暗条件有利于菌丝生长,温度为30℃、pH值为7.6时菌丝生长最快。最适培养基为MDYEA,最适碳源是可溶性淀粉,最适氮源为乙酸铵。  相似文献   

2.
苜蓿炭疽病是各苜蓿种植区分布较广的毁灭性病害。毁灭刺盘孢(Colletotrichum destructivum)是苜蓿炭疽病的主要病原菌之一。本试验研究了培养基、碳源、氮源、温度、pH、光照、湿度对毁灭刺盘孢菌菌丝生长、分生孢子产生和萌发的影响。结果表明:该菌菌丝适宜生长的培养基为PDA、PSA和V-8汁;适宜温度范围为28~36℃,最适温度为32℃;适宜pH范围为4~6。该病菌在PDA培养基上,分别以麦芽糖和蛋白胨为碳、氮源,在28℃,pH 6的条件下培养时其产孢能力最强。孢子萌发的最适碳、氮源分别为可溶性淀粉和牛肉膏、蛋白胨;最佳温度28℃;最适pH为6。相对湿度98%以上有利于孢子的萌发。持续光照利于菌丝生长、产孢和萌发。  相似文献   

3.
为弄清狭叶十大功劳炭疽病的病原菌,从四川省成都市采集疑似为炭疽病的病叶,采用组织分离法分离病原菌,单孢纯化后通过柯赫氏法则验证为致病菌;根据形态学特征,结合多基因系统学,将病原菌鉴定为果生炭疽菌Colletotrichum fructicola。该菌对温度的适应范围较广,10~35℃之间均能生长和产孢,最适生长和产孢温度均为30℃;光照对菌丝生长和产孢影响不显著;在pH 3~11之间均能生长和产孢,菌丝生长最适pH为7,产孢最适pH为4;葡萄糖、甘露醇、乳糖和麦芽糖是菌丝生长的最适碳源,麦芽糖为产孢的最适碳源;蛋白胨是生长和产孢的最适氮源。  相似文献   

4.
采用菌丝生长速率法和产孢量测定研究了不同温度、光照、pH及碳氮源对来源于海南、河北和上海的3株西瓜枯萎病菌Fo-HN-46、Fo-HB-12和Fo-SH-1生长速率和产孢量的影响。结果表明:西瓜枯萎病菌菌株的适宜生长温度为20~30℃,Fo-HN-46最适生长温度为28℃,Fo-HB-12和Fo-SH-1最适生长温度为25℃,产孢的最适温度为28~30℃;光照对西瓜枯萎病菌生长速率无显著影响,对产孢影响显著,Fo-HN-46在黑暗条件下单位面积产孢量最高,Fo-HB-12和Fo-SH-1在半光照条件下产孢量最高;pH对西瓜枯萎病菌菌株的生长速率和产孢量有显著影响,pH 7~9时菌丝生长速率快,pH 8~11时产孢量高;葡萄糖、淀粉和乳糖作为碳源能够显著增加西瓜枯萎病菌的产孢量;蛋白胨作为氮源能显著促进菌丝生长,硝酸钠、酵母粉和蛋白胨均能显著增加西瓜枯萎病菌的产孢量。用最适碳源、氮源培养,Fo-HN-46生长速率大于Fo-HB-12和Fo-SH-1。Fo-SH-1产孢量高于Fo-HN-46和Fo-HB-12。  相似文献   

5.
对马唐草新月弯孢霉Curvularia lunata（Wakker）Boedijn菌株MT-011的生物学特性测定结果表明：该菌株致病性强,菌丝体生长最适温度30℃,致死温度65℃/10min,最适pH值7,碳源以D-果糖最佳,氮源以硝酸钠最佳。产生分生孢子最适温度为30℃,最适pH值9,碳源以蔗糖产孢量最大,氮源以赖氨酸产孢量最高。分生孢子萌发温度在20～40℃之间没有差异,萌发率均达90%以上;最适pH值7;光暗交替为最佳光照条件。除赖氨酸外所有供试碳源和氮源的孢子萌发率都很高,处理之间没有差异。MT-011菌株产生的活性物质作用于马唐草,可使叶片黄化或枯死脱落,与用菌体接种时造成大量叶片黄化或枯萎的症状极为相似。代谢产物对指示植物柱花草、辣椒和玉米的种子发芽后的根茎生长都有明显的抑制作用,抑制率达83.27%,表现出很好除草活性。  相似文献   

6.
假短孢弯孢Curvularia pseudobrachyspora是我国新记录种, 首次在龙牙百合贮藏期腐烂鳞茎上发现, 并能引起龙牙百合叶斑病?为明确其生物学特性及其对药剂的敏感性, 研究了不同碳源?氮源?pH?光照?温度等处理对病原菌菌丝生长的影响, 并采用菌丝生长速率法测定该病原菌对9种杀菌剂的敏感性?研究表明, 最适合菌丝生长的碳源为麦芽糖和木糖, 氮源为牛肉浸膏, pH为7.0~8.0, 最适温度为30℃, 致死温度为52℃, 黑暗条件有利于菌丝生长, 病原菌可以侵染马铃薯?甘薯?荠菜, 不能侵染蒜?葱?在9种参试杀菌剂中, 1%申嗪霉素SC对该病原菌的毒力最高, 相应的抑制中浓度EC50为0.012 mg/L; 68%精甲霜·锰锌WG的毒力最低, EC50为15.820 mg/L?  相似文献   

7.
交枝顶孢霉杀柑橘全爪螨活性及其生物学特性研究   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  
为了明确交枝顶孢霉Acremonium implicatum CQBBW8的杀螨活性及其生物学特性,采用触杀毒力法检测CQBBW8菌株对柑橘全爪螨的致死率,通过单因素试验测试不同培养基、碳源、氮源、温度、pH及紫外线对CQBBW8菌株生长、产孢及其分生孢子萌发的影响。结果表明,CQBBW8菌株对柑橘全爪螨Panonychus citri(McGregor)的校正致死率为54.42%,LC_(50)为1.2×10~6个/mL,LT_(50)值为5.175 9d。最佳生长和产孢培养基分别为PDA和SEA;菌丝生长最适碳源和氮源为甘露醇和蛋白胨,产孢最适碳源和氮源为可溶性淀粉和氯化铵;最适生长温度为25℃,最适产孢和分生孢子萌发温度为30℃;最适生长和产孢pH为6.0,最适萌发pH为7.0;紫外线对菌丝生长影响不明显,对产孢影响较大,紫外线照射时间越长,孢子萌发率越高。综上,CQBBW8菌株对柑橘全爪螨有较强的毒力,对营养需求不高,环境适应性较强,具有开发为杀螨真菌制剂的潜力。  相似文献   

8.
稗草生防菌新月弯孢菌株J15（2）的生物学特性   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  
研究了分离自稗草上的一个致病菌新月弯孢Curvularia lunata菌株J15（2）的基本生物学特性。结果表明,该菌菌丝生长、产孢的最适温度为28～32℃,pH为6～8。菌丝生长对光照无要求,黑暗利于增加产孢量,培养至15d可达产孢高峰。碳、氮、磷和硫等元素是该菌菌丝体生长、产孢的必需元素,钾、镁和铁对菌丝体的生长、产孢有极大的促进作用。分生孢子萌发的适宜温度范围为20～35℃,最适温度28℃;适宜培养基初始pH值在4～10之间。在58℃下,分生孢子10min失活。  相似文献   

9.
研究了哈氏虫道真菌（Ambrosiella hartigii）的生物学特性。结果表明, 哈氏虫道真菌菌丝生长和产孢均以PDA为最佳培养基, 菌丝生长以甘露醇为碳源、KNO3为氮源最佳, 产孢以蔗糖为碳源、甘氨酸为氮源最佳。菌丝生长和产孢的温度范围分别为10~30 ℃和20~30 ℃, 最适温均为25 ℃, 最适pH为6。菌丝生长、产孢和分生孢子萌发需要黑暗条件。分生孢子萌发最适温度为24~28 ℃, 致死温度为46 ℃10 min, 适宜pH为5.0~6.0。分生孢子在水中不萌发。  相似文献   

10.
为进一步扩宽拟康宁木霉Trichoderma koningiopsis T-51菌株的生防应用范围,该研究测定T-51菌株菌丝生长、产孢和分生孢子萌发的最适温度、光照和碳氮源条件及其对灰葡萄孢Botrytis cinerea菌核的重寄生能力和对12种植物病原真菌的生防潜力。结果表明,拟康宁木霉T-51菌株在26℃下菌丝生长最快,生长速度达到2.5 cm/d,在20℃光照条件下产孢量最大,达到1.64×109个/皿,26～28℃光照条件下适宜T-51菌株分生孢子萌发;供试氮源中硫酸铵和硝酸铵适宜T-51菌株菌丝生长、产孢和分生孢子萌发,供试碳源中葡萄糖和可溶性淀粉适宜T-51菌株菌丝生长和分生孢子萌发,果糖和乳糖适宜T-51菌株产孢;T-51菌株能够重寄生灰葡萄孢菌核,当分生孢子悬浮液浓度为1×108个/mL时,重寄生效果最好;T-51菌株对核盘菌属Sclerotinia和丝核菌属Rhizoctonia植物病原真菌重寄生能力较强,对镰刀菌Fusarium spp.、暹罗刺盘孢菌Colletotrichum siamense、桃褐腐病菌Monilinia fructicola和稻瘟菌Mag...  相似文献   

11.
In 1975 many tumours were observed in plants ofBegonia Schwabenland grown in Aalsmeer. Submersion of the roots ofNicotiana megalosiphon seedlings in a homogenate of tumorous tissue, induced tumours after two weeks. Short periods of submergence yielded results similar to those obtained after longer periods. Tumour homogenates lost their infectivity after ten min at 50°C. Aphids transmitted the infectious agent.Treatment with propylene oxide did not inhibit infectivity completely. Filtration through a 450 nm filter removed the infectious agent.Tobacco tumor virus or a viroid could not be isolated. Cultures ofCorynebacterium fascians, isolated from tumours ofN. megalosiphon were highly infectious and induced tumours in healthyN. megalosiphon andBegonia. Tumorous tissue homogenates ofPelargonium zonale, Dahlia sp.,Gladiolus sp., andLilium sp. also caused tumours inN. megalosiphon, from whichC. fascians was isolated. It was not possible to produce tumours inN. megalosiphon with homogenates from roses with symptoms of bud proliferation.Samenvatting In 1975 werden vele tumoren waargenomen inBegonia Schwabenland op Aalsmeerse bedrijven (Fig. 1). De infectiositeit van tumorweefsel kon goed en snel worden vastgesteld door de wortels van zaailingen vanNicotiana megalosiphon in een homogenaat van tumorweefsel te dompelen. Tumoren ontstonden na twee weken, de eindbeoordeling geschiedde na een maand (Fig. 2). Ook verschillende andereNicotiana spp.,Melilotus officinalis (Fig. 3) enPisum odoratum (Fig. 4) werden aangetast.Bij de infectiositeitstoets gaven zeer korte dompeltijden even goede resultaten als langere (Tabel 1). Infectieus sap verloor zijn infectievermogen na 10 min verhitting bij 50°C. Bladluizen brachten de smetstof over. Propyleenoxide verminderde de infectiositeit wel, doch onderdrukte deze niet totaal. Bij filtratie door een 450 nm filter bleef het infectieuse agens op het filter achter. Het tumor-inducerende agens was ook aanwezig in die delen van planten met tumoren welke gezond leken en het ging voor een gering deel over met zaad (Tabel 2).Uit tumoren konden wij geen tabakstumorvirus of een viroïde isoleren. Culturen vanCorynebacterium fascians, geïsoleerd uit tumoren vanN. megalosiphon bleken zeer infectieus en veroorzaakten tumoren inN. megalosiphon enBegonia. Homogenaten van tumorweefsel vanPelargonium zonale, dahlia (Fig. 5), gladiool (Fig. 6) enLilium Mid Century Hybrid Enchantment (Fig. 7) veroorzaakten ook tumoren opN. megalosiphon, waaruitC. fascians werd geïsoleerd. Met sap van kroeskopzieke rozen konden wijN. megalosiphon niet besmetten.  相似文献   

12.
Plant Viruses Transmitted by Whiteflies   总被引：18，自引：0，他引：18  
One-hundred and fourteen virus species are transmitted by whiteflies (family Aleyrodidae). Bemisia tabaci transmits 111 of these species while Trialeurodes vaporariorum and T. abutilonia transmit three species each. B. tabaci and T. vaporariorum are present in the European–Mediterranean region, though the former is restricted in its distribution. Of the whitefly-transmitted virus species, 90% belong to the Begomovirus genus, 6% to the Crinivirus genus and the remaining 4% are in the Closterovirus, Ipomovirus or Carlavirus genera. Other named, whitefly-transmitted viruses that have not yet been ranked as species are also documented. The names, abbreviations and synonyms of the whitefly-transmitted viruses are presented in tabulated form together with details of their whitefly vectors, natural hosts and distribution. Entries are also annotated with references. Whitefly-transmitted viruses affecting plants in the European–Mediterranean region have been highlighted in the text.  相似文献   

13.
The epidemiology ofSitobion avenae and its natural enemies in winter wheat was studied in 1975, 1976 and 1977. Immigration was important until the end of flowering. The alate immigrants had apterous offspring. These became the driving force in population growth. Their offspring were mostly alatae which usually left the field. A model of the epidemic was developed. Quantitative relations between the aphids and their environment were obtained from literature or established in laboratory trials. The model simulated population development and population composition from the beginning of June till the population peak at the end of June or early in July. Because quantitative data on relations between aphids and their natural enemies and pathogens are scarce, and since the knowledge on wing formation is still limited, the population collapse could not be predicted. In the future, prognosis over a period of three weeks seems possible.Samenvatting De toenemende betekenis van graanbladluizen (vooralSitobion avenae) gepaard gaande met een sterke toename van het gebruik van insecticiden op granen maakte verbetering van de prognose over het schadelijk optreden wenselijk. Door gedetailleerde tellingen in het veld (Fig. 1–7) werden gegevens verkregen over het verloop van de epidemie en het optreden van natuurlijke vijanden in 1975, 1976 en 1977.Een immigratieperiode tot in de bloei kon worden vastgesteld. Daarna lijkt de aantrekkelijkheid van het gewas voor alate luizen te verminderen. De alate immigranten krijgen aptere nakomelingen. Deze vormen de stuwende kracht van de populatiegroei. De nakomelingen van apteren zijn merendeels alaat. Zij verlaten het gewas.Een model van de populatieontwikkeling gedurende de epidemie werd opgesteld. De relatiediagrammen Fig. 9 en 10 laten groei en ontwikkeling vanS. avenae en een predator (Syrphus corollae) zien. Kwantificering van de betrekkingen werd mogelijk door literatuurgegevens en laboratoriumexperimenten.Met het model kon de populatieontwikkeling vanS. avenae vanaf begin juni tot aan de populatiepiek in 1975, 1976 en 1977 vrij goed worden gesimuleerd (Fig. 12). Ook de populatieopbouw kon worden gesimuleerd (Fig. 14). De teruggang van de populatiedichtheid blijkt moeilijker te voorspellen door het ontbreken van gegevens over natuurlijke vijanden.Het lijkt waarschijnlijk dat in de toekomst met het model een prognose over de piek van de bladluispopulatie circa 3 weken tevoren mogelijk zal zijn.  相似文献   

14.
During a survey conducted from 1998 to 2002, Fusarium proliferatum was found associated with young and adult palms belonging to the genera Chamaerops, Phoenix, Trachycarpus and Washingtonia showing symptoms of wilt and dieback. The fertility and toxicological profile of 36 strains representing different locations and hosts were studied. All of them except two, which were infertile, belonged to mating population D. Both mating types (MATD-1 and MATD-2) were isolated from the same host species, showing a high potential of genetic recombination in the field. Additionally, eight strains were fertile once crossed as female. Toxin analysis showed differences in the ability of strains to produce fumonisin B1, moniliformin, beauvericin, fusaric acid and fusaproliferin. Only 17 of them produced all the toxins analyzed. Pathogenicity tests were conducted on Phoenix dactylifera and P. canariensis using nine F. proliferatum Spanish strains and two reference strains from Saudi Arabia. Eight months after inoculation all strains caused disease, with palms showing lesions on the bases of leaves and development of wilt symptoms similar to those originally observed in affected plants. This is the first report on the occurrence of F. proliferatum on P. dactylifera in Spain and also the first report of this pathogen on C. humilis, P. canariensis, P. reclinata, T. fortunei, W. filifera and W. robusta.  相似文献   

15.
Barley yellow dwarf disease is one of the most important problems confronting cereal production in Iran. Barley yellow dwarf virus-PAV (BYDV-PAV) and Cereal yellow dwarf virus-RPV (CYDV-RPV) are the predominant viruses associated with the disease. One isolate of BYDV-PAV from wheat (PAV-IR) and one isolate of CYDV-RPV from barley (RPV-IR) were selected for molecular characterisations. A genome segment of each isolate was amplified by PCR. The PAV-IR fragment (1264 nt) covered a region containing partial genes for coat protein (CP), read through protein (RTP) and movement protein (MP). PAV-IR showed a high sequence identity to PAV isolates from USA, France and Japan (96–97%). In a phylogenetic analysis it was placed into PAV group I together with PAV isolates from barley and oats. The fragment of RPV-IR (719 nt) contained partial genes for CP, RTP and MP. The sequence information confirmed its identity as CYDV. However, RPV-IR showed 90–91% identity with both RPV and Cereal yellow dwarf virus-RPS (CYDV-RPS). Phylogenetic analyses suggested that it was more closely related to RPS. These data comprise the first attempt to characterise BYD-causing viruses in Iran and southwest Asia. The nucleotide sequence data reported appear in the EMBL, GenBank and DDBJ Nucleotide Sequence Databases under the accession numbers AY450425 and AY450454  相似文献   

16.
Isolates of an unidentified Rhizoctonia sp. (UR isolates) were obtained from creeping bentgrass and Kentucky bluegrass with reddish brown sheath and foliar rots. Because the UR isolates anastomosed with isolates of three varieties of Waitea circinata (var. oryzae, var. zeae, and var. circinata), colony morphology, hyphal growth rate at different temperatures, pathogenicity, sequence analysis of the internal transcribed spacers (ITS) region of ribosomal RNA genes (rDNA) were compared. The colony color of mature UR isolates was distinct from isolates of the other three varieties of W. circinata. In pathogenicity tests on creeping bentgrass, the severity of the disease caused by UR isolates was significantly higher than that caused by the three varieties of W. circinata. Sequence similarities of the rDNA-ITS region between UR isolates and between isolates within each variety were high (97–100%), but they were lower among isolates from UR and the varieties of W. circinata (88–94%). In a phylogenetic tree based on the rDNA-ITS sequences, UR isolates formed a cluster separate from each of the clusters formed by the three varieties of W. circinata. These results indicate that the UR isolates clearly differ from the three varieties of W. circinata. We therefore propose that the UR isolates be classified as new Rhizoctonia sp. that are closely related to W. circinata and that the disease on creeping bentgrass should be called Waitea reddish-brown patch disease (Sekikasshoku-hagusare-byo in Japanese).  相似文献   

17.
Corynebacterium fascians, which causes leafy gall, has been shown to be responsible for the unusual symptoms recently found in lilies. The symptoms are described and the different bacterial isolates compared by biochemical, serological and pathogenicity experiments. No evidence could be found for the existence of specialized strains even though considerable variation in virulence could be demonstrated. Although the role of variation in susceptibility of the different lily cultivars should not be underestimated, it would appear that high inoculum levels ofC. fascians in the soil may be largely responsible for these outbreaks.Also included in this study are the results of biochemical, serological and pathogenicity experiments ofC. fascians which has been isolated fromKalanchoe, Euphorbia, Brodiaea, Hebe andVerbascum.Samenvatting Reeds een aantal jaren was in lelies een woekering in stengelbollen bekend, die echter sporadisch voorkwam en economisch van weinig betekenis was. Tijdens de zomer van 1977 echter trad de ziekte op één enkel perceel zo ernstig op dat zeer aanzienlijke oogstderving het gevolg was. Behalve de stengelbol kan ook de hoofdbol misvormd zijn. Bovendien kunnen misvormde stengelbollen lange spruiten vormen, zgn. sabeltandvorming. Soms is het wortelstelsel gereduceerd; in de kas zijn verdikte stengels waargenomen. De ziekte staat nu bekend onder de naam woekerziekte.Door de PD te Wageningen en het LBO te Lisse werd de bacterieCorynebacterium fascians (Tilford) Dows. uit het zieke materiaal geïsoleerd. In gezamenlijk onderzoek werd nagegaan of de bacterie de veroorzaker is van bovengenoemde symptomen en of hier sprake is van een op lelie gespecialiseerde stam.Biochemische en serologische vergelijkingen tussen isolaten vanC. fascians uit lelie,Kalanchoe, Euphorbia, Brodiaeea, Hebe enVerbascum laten zien dat er zeer weinig verschillen bestaan. Alle isolaten reageren op een standaard antiserum met titers variërend tussen 1: 640–1: 5120.Een oriënterende inoculatieproef werd uitgevoerd op het LBO in 1977. Daarna werden op de PD 10 van de 25 isolaten uit lelie en 8 uit andere waardplanten getoetst op lelie, chrysant en lathyrus. Uit de inoculatieproeven blijkt, dat de bacterie de veroorzaker is van de waargenomen symptomen. Tussen de isolaten blijkt een groot verschil in pathogeniteit te bestaan (12–100% aantasting), zonder dat dit aan herkomst gebonden is. Het voorkomen van op lelie of andere waardplanten gespecialiseerde stammen is daarom niet aan te nemen.In hoeverre de hevige aantasting een gevolg is van een opbouw van de bacterie-populatie door een te nauwe vruchtwisseling en mechanische rooimethoden moet worden nagegaan.  相似文献   

18.
Organic amendments and green manure are potential alternatives to the harmful chemical control means currently used against plant-parasitic nematodes. In this work, Chrysanthemum coronarium was applied to the soil as a green manure to control the root-knot nematodes Meloidogyne incognita and M. javanica. Chrysanthemum coronarium significantly reduced nematode infection of tomato roots and improved plant-top fresh weight, both in the greenhouse and in microplots. Other green manures, derived from Anthemis pseudocotula, wild chickpea (Cicer pinnatifidum), Geranium spp. and wheat, were not as effective as C. coronarium. Chrysanthemum coronarium, retained its nematicidal activity even when applied as a dried material. Only mature C. coronarium plants, in their flowering stage, exhibited nematode control activity, but the green plant parts were more effective than the flowers. An aqueous extract of C. coronarium exhibited in vitro, nematostatic activity towards M. incognita and M. javanica second-stage juveniles and inhibited their hatching from eggs and egg-masses; its nematostatic activity was expressed also against other phytonematode species such as Heterodera avenae and Pratylenchus mediterraneus, but did not affect the beneficial entomopathogenic nematode Steinernema feltiae.  相似文献   

19.
Broad bean mottle virus (BBMV) was transmitted from infected to healthy faba-bean plants by the curculionid weevilsApion radiolus Kirby,Hypera variabilis Herbst,Pachytychius strumarius Gyll,Smicronyx cyaneus Gyll, andSitona lineatus L. The latter appeared to be an efficient vector: acquisition and inoculation occurred at the first bite, the rate of transmission was c. 41%, and virus retention lasted for at least seven days.S. lineatus transmitted the virus from faba bean to lentil and pea, but not to the three genotypes of chickpea tested. This is the first report on the generaHypera, Pachytychius, andSmicronyx as virus vectors, and onA. radiolus, H. variabilis, P. strumarius, andS. cyaneus as vectors of BBMV.Out of 351 samples of food legumes with symptoms suggestive of virus infection, 16, 11, 19, and 17% of the samples of chickpea, lentil, pea, and common bean, respectively, were found infected when tested for BBMV in DAS-ELISA. This is the first report on the natural occurrence of BBMV in chickpea, lentil, pea, and common bean. The virus should be regarded as a food-legume virus rather than a faba-bean virus solely, and is considered an actual threat to food legume improvement programmes.  相似文献   

20.
浅黄恩蚜小蜂和丽蚜小蜂对温室白粉虱的寄生潜能分析   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0  
浅黄恩蚜小蜂Encarsia sophia GiraultDodd和丽蚜小蜂Encarsia formosa Gahan是防治粉虱类害虫的优势寄生蜂,通过生命表技术方法分析了2种寄生蜂对温室白粉虱Trialeurodes vaporariorum(Westwood)的防治潜能。结果表明,丽蚜小蜂在羽化第3天和第10天出现2次寄生高峰,占其总寄生量的13.7%和8.0%,在2次高峰之间逐日寄生粉虱数量比较平稳,单雌逐日平均产雌数保持在10.6~13.4头,10 d后寄生量呈明显的下降趋势;而浅黄恩蚜小蜂羽化10 d内逐日寄生粉虱量变化不大,单雌逐日产雌数稳定在4.2~5.4头,羽化14 d后寄生量呈明显下降趋势。丽蚜小蜂和浅黄恩蚜小蜂的R0、T、rm、λ值分别为171.5、18.0、0.2854、1.3303和61.6、16.2、0.2544、1.2897;粉虱若虫充足时,丽蚜小蜂平均单雌寄生若虫数是浅黄恩蚜小蜂的2.7倍,而后者平均单雌取食若虫数为60.6头,明显高于前者42.7头,总的来看,丽蚜小蜂通过寄生和取食杀死粉虱总量220.8头,明显高于浅黄恩蚜小蜂的127.9头。表明在应用寄生蜂防治温室白粉虱时,单独释放丽蚜小蜂比浅黄恩蚜小蜂显示出更好的防治潜能。  相似文献   

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