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1.
Thirty-nine client-owned dogs with osteoarthritis were treated with 5 mg/kg firocoxib administered orally, once a day for 52 weeks. Veterinary examinations were performed on approximately days 0, 15, 90, 180, 270 and 360. Twenty-five dogs completed the study. The withdrawal rate associated with gastrointestinal side effects was low (5.1 per cent of dogs). Based on the owners' assessment, 82 per cent of the dogs had improved at day 15, 84 per cent of the 32 remaining dogs had improved at day 90, and 96 per cent of the 25 dogs that completed the trial had improved at day 360. During this trial, 12 (48 per cent) of the 25 remaining dogs showed an improvement in their lameness from day 90 to day 360 (P<0.05).  相似文献   

2.
OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the effect of cyclosporine on anal furunculosis lesions in 26 dogs. METHODS: Lesions were graded as mild in 11 dogs, moderate in eight and severe in seven. Each dog was treated with approximately 4 mg/kg cyclosporine orally every 12 hours until the lesions resolved or showed no further improvement. Residual lesions were resected surgically. RESULTS: Eighteen dogs (69 per cent) experienced complete resolution, seven (27 per cent) improved but had residual lesions and one (4 per cent) showed no improvement. The mean duration of treatment until resolution or no further improvement was 8.8 weeks (range four to 24 weeks). Nine dogs (35 per cent) experienced recurrence. Six were from the group that had shown complete resolution and three were from the group that had surgery. Fifteen dogs (58 per cent) developed side effects to cyclosporine, although none required treatment to be discontinued. Mean duration of follow-up was 6.8 months (range one to 20 months). CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE: Cyclosporine was effective at resolving or reducing anal furunculosis lesions in 25 of 26 dogs (96 per cent). However, residual or recurrent lesions remain a potential problem, and surgical resection or long-term cyclosporine treatment may be necessary in some dogs.  相似文献   

3.
The results achieved in 18 dogs following the use of frozen bone cortical allografts for limb-sparing resection of non-metastatic canine appendicular osteosarcoma are presented. Three to five cisplatin doses (70 mg/m2) were administered, starting the day after surgery. The mean and median survival times were 478 and 266 days (range 80 to 2,611 days), respectively. The survival rate was 94 per cent at three months, 78 per cent at six months, 35 per cent at 12 months, 23 per cent at 18 months and 19 per cent at 24 months; the disease-free interval was 80 to 1,246 days (mean 365 days, median 266 days). Lung metastasis developed in 55 per cent of the dogs within one year. Complications were observed in 14/18 dogs (78 per cent), comprising local recurrence (28 per cent), allograft infection (39 per cent) and implant failure (11 per cent). Despite complications, limb sparing is a useful alternative to amputation in selected cases of appendicular osteosarcoma.  相似文献   

4.
One hundred and three cats presenting with clinical signs of feline acute upper respiratory Infection were selected from Belgium, France and the Netherlands In a randomised comparative field trial. Each cat underwent a bacteriological examination before treatment (day 0) and received either marbofloxacin, at a dosage of 2 mg/kg once daily for five days, or amoxycillln-clavulanic acid (ACA) at a dosage of 12·5 mg/kg twice dally for five days. Clinical examinations were performed on days 2, 5 and 14. Pasteurella species were cultured in one-third of the samples. The other main bacteria isolated were Streptococcaceae, Enterobacterlaceae and Staphylococcaceae. Response rates (cures + improvements) to treatment on day 5 were 87·8 vs 77·8 per cent for marbofloxacin and ACA, respectively. A few mild side-effects (diarrhoea, vomiting) were recorded with both drugs.  相似文献   

5.
Two studies were conducted under laboratory conditions with 16 dogs to investigate the analgesic effectiveness of a low dose of ketoprofen in a short-term sodium urate crystal-induced synovitis model of arthritis. The effect of the treatment, defined as the improvement in peak vertical force weight bearing was evaluated in the first study at three dose levels. A single oral dose of 0.25 mg/kg ketoprofen was significantly better (P < 0.01) than the control (0 mg), but doses of 0.5 and 0.75 mg/kg did not improve the dogs' weight bearing further. The second study investigated the efficacy and safety of the 0.25 mg/kg dose administered daily for 30 days. The beneficial effects of ketoprofen at this dose were constant, with the treated dogs bearing 89.1 per cent of the baseline vertical force four hours after the induction of arthritis on day 1 and 92.2 per cent on day 29, compared with 42 per cent and 34 per cent of the baseline in the untreated dogs. No gastrointestinal or other side effects were observed during the treatment.  相似文献   

6.
After oral administration of sublethal doses of thallium (lower than 10 mg/kg) to dogs, 75.5 +/- 3.9 per cent of the dose was eliminated from the body--47 per cent faecal and 28 per cent urinary. Cumulative excretion reached 50 and 70 per cent after 10 and 25 days respectively, and was almost complete after 75 days. This was slightly lower at higher doses. The total body-burden of thallium, calculated from the cumulative excretion, decreased exponentially for at least the first 40 days with a half-time (T 1/2) of 6.5 days. Oral doses of Prussian blue after 10 days resulted in an acceleration of the thallium elimination from the body (T 1/2 2.5 days), an increase of the faecal (49 per cent) and a decrease of the urinary excretion (18 per cent). Nevertheless, the cumulative faecal and urinary thallium excretion was not influenced. Minor transitory influences of Prussian blue on the faecal thallium excretion could be observed up to day 26. After 40 days, Prussian blue could no longer influence the faecal thallium excretion. At no time did sodium-ethylenediaminetetraacetic (Na2EDTA) acid significantly change faecal or urinary thallium excretion.  相似文献   

7.
Clinical, haematological and immunological data are presented from 14 dogs with autoimmune haemolytic anaemia (AIHA) serially monitored for up to 945 days after initial presentation. At the time of diagnosis, all dogs had severe anaemia (mean packed cell volume [PCV] 17.6±7.1 per cent) with leucocytosis in seven cases and thrombocytopenia in four dogs. The Coombs' test was positive in all cases. Immunoglobulin G (IgG) autoantibody alone was identified in eight cases, a combination of IgG and IgM autoantibodies was recognised in three cases, and in two dogs only IgM autoantibody was recorded (complement fixing in one of these dogs). All dogs were treated with immunosuppressive doses of corticosteroids and some animals also received cyclophosphamide (four cases), azathio-prine (two cases), blood transfusion (four cases) or underwent splenectomy (two cases). Two dogs died during the initial episode of AIHA. In 12 dogs, the anaemia was resolved by an average of 36.3 ±16.0 days after initial presentation, but autoantibody titre often persisted after clinical improvement and normalisation of PCV. Four dogs had a clinical relapse 67 to 170 days after initial presentation and one of these dogs subsequently died from thromboembolic disease. One dog developed lymphocytic thyroiditis and serum antinuclear antibody at day 691 after initial presentation, and two cases developed disease consistent with autoimmune thrombocytopenia (AITP) at 365 and 618 days post initial presentation. In one of these dogs, AITP was concurrent with multicentric lymphoma. No correlation was recorded between haematological and immunological parameters at presentation and subsequent response to therapy or long-term clinical behaviour.  相似文献   

8.
This phase II, randomized, open-label field trial was designed to evaluate and compare the safety and efficacy of four treatment durations (10, 20, 28 or 40 days) with marbofloxacin administered orally at the dosage of 2mg/kg once a day for canine visceral leishmaniosis. Twenty-four dogs naturally infected with visceral leishmaniosis and without biochemical disorder evidences of renal insufficiency, were recruited by two Greek veterinarian clinics. They were also randomly assigned to one of the four treatment duration groups, and have been clinically, haematologically, biochemically and parasitologically followed-up regularly for 9 months. Efficacy was achieved for 5/6 dogs treated for 28 days, 4/6 dogs treated for 10 or 20 days and for 3/6 dogs treated for 40 days. Moreover, efficacy was reached more quickly (58.4 days) in dogs treated for 28 days. Improvement of clinical signs tended to be better and faster in the 28 days treatment group too. After 9 months of follow-up, a total of three cases could be considered as relapsing (two dogs treated for 40 days and one dog treated for 28 days). There was a significant reduction in amastigotes density in macrophages after 3 months in the four groups when compared with the parasite density at inclusion. No adverse effects were noticed during this 9 months study. Results obtained with marbofloxacin at the dosage of 2mg/kg once a day for 28 days seem encouraging and may offer a safe alternative for treating canine visceral leishmaniosis.  相似文献   

9.
The clinical and antibacterial efficacy of two shampoos used as a sole antibacterial treatment in dogs with superficial pyoderma were investigated and compared. In a randomised, partially blinded study, a 3 per cent chlorhexidine gluconate shampoo (Chlorhex 3; Leo Animal Health) was compared against a 2.5 per cent benzoyl peroxide shampoo (Paxcutol; Virbac) in 22 dogs with superficial pyoderma. Dogs were washed two to three times weekly with a 10-minute contact time over 21 days. Clinical scores and bacterial counts were assessed on days 1, 8 and 22 and compared within and between treatment groups; overall response was assessed at the end of the study. Twenty dogs completed the study; 15 (68.2 per cent) showed an overall clinical improvement and the clinical signs resolved in three chlorhexidine-treated dogs. In the chlorhexidine-treated group, scores for papules/pustules (P<0.001), investigator-assessed pruritus (P=0.003), total bacterial counts (P=0.003) and counts for coagulase-positive staphylococci (P=0.003) were reduced after three weeks. Scores and bacterial counts did not vary significantly in the benzoyl peroxide-treated group.  相似文献   

10.
The pharmacokinetics of marbofloxacin was studied in eight healthy female Beagle dogs before and after moderate renal impairment was induced experimentally. A single intravenous (i.v.) administration and repeated administration for 8 days (2 mg/kg, once-a-day) of marbofloxacin were studied. Renal impairment was induced by a right kidney nephrectomy and electrocoagulation of the left kidney. An increase ( P  < 0.001) in the plasma concentrations of urea (from 3.8 ± 0.7 to 9.8 ± 2.1 mmol/L) and creatinine (from 78.8 ± 3.4 to 145.8 ± 22.3 μmol/L), and a significant decrease (2.9 ± 0.3 vs 1.5 ± 0.2 mL/kg/min) ( P  < 0.001) in glomerular filtration rate were observed in the renal-impaired dogs. The clearance of marbofloxacin was slightly decreased after the induction of renal failure (1.6 ± 0.2 to 1.4 ± 0.1 mL/kg/min) ( P  < 0.05), but no significant variation of volume of distribution at steady state ( V ss) and mean residence time ( MRT ) was observed after intravenous administration of marbofloxacin ( P > 0.05). Following oral administration of marbofloxacin, an increase in total area under the concentration time curve ( AUC ) was observed after renal failure (from 10372 ± 1710 to 11459 ± 1119 mg.min/L) ( P  < 0.05), but indices of accumulation were not modified. An increase ( P  < 0.01) in the AUC of N-oxide-marbofloxacin was observed after surgery. In conclusion, renal impairment has no biologically relevant influence on marbofloxacin disposition and there is no need for dosage adjustment of marbofloxacin in dogs with mild renal impairment.  相似文献   

11.
OBJECTIVES: To describe clinical features of brachycephalic airway obstructive disease in dogs, the incidence of laryngeal collapse in dogs presenting for surgery and the outcome after surgery in dogs with laryngeal collapse. METHODS: Basic clinical details were reviewed retrospectively in 73 dogs. Presence of laryngeal collapse and short-term outcomes after surgery were determined for 64 dogs with complete medical records. Long-term outcomes were reviewed for 46 dogs by telephone survey between 19 and 77 months following surgery. RESULTS: Stenotic nares were present in 31 dogs (42.5 per cent), elongated soft palate in 63 (86.3 per cent) and everted laryngeal saccules in 43 (58.9 per cent). The most common breeds were the pug (19 dogs, 26 per cent), Cavalier King Charles spaniel (15 dogs, 20.5 per cent), British bulldog (14 dogs, 19.2 per cent) and Staffordshire bull terrier (4 dogs, 5.5 per cent). Laryngeal collapse was present in 34 of 64 (53 per cent) dogs. No dogs died perioperatively and only one dog was euthanased as a result of its respiratory disease three years after surgery. Telephone interviews indicated that 26 dogs (56.5 per cent) were much improved after surgery, 15 (32.6 per cent) had some improvement and 5 (10.9 per cent) showed no improvement. Signs that persisted after surgery were snoring during sleep (34 dogs, 73.9 per cent), stertor/stridor while conscious (23 dogs, 50 per cent), excessive panting (13 dogs, 28.3 per cent) and dyspnoea (10 dogs, 21.7 per cent). Long-term outcome was considered good, even in dogs with laryngeal collapse. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE: Laryngeal collapse is relatively common in dogs presented for surgical correction of brachycephalic airway obstructive disease. Dogs with severe laryngeal collapse often respond well to surgery. Clinical signs rarely resolve completely following surgery.  相似文献   

12.
The purpose of this international, multicentric, and non-comparative field trial was to obtain complementary data on long-term clinical and parasitological follow-up of dogs treated with marbofloxacin for canine leishmaniosis (CanL). Seventy-four dogs with clinical signs of CanL and without severe renal failure were recruited in France, Spain and Italy, and 61 of them were part of the analysis. Each dog was treated with palatable tablets of marbofloxacin at 2 mg/kg once a day for 28 days. A clinical and parasitological follow-up was performed regularly up to 12 months. Efficacy was demonstrated in 42 dogs (68.9%), within 51 days (mean value), 10 of them (23.8%) being clinically cured after 3 months. A decrease of 61% in the sum of clinical scores was observed after 3 months. Haemato-biochemical parameters improved in general, supporting the observed clinical efficacy. Relapse was observed in 20/38 dogs (52.6%) approximately 5.5 months after treatment completion. The blood parasite load generally developed in conformity with the clinical outcome, even if exceptions were not rare. Lymph nodes remained positive by culture or PCR for a long time, even in dogs for which a good clinical response was observed. Despite the incomplete parasite clearance, as is also the case with other anti-leishmanial drugs, these results nevertheless confirm the relevance of marbofloxacin as a CanL treatment.  相似文献   

13.
The pain-relieving effect of carprofen and tolerance to the drug were investigated in 805 dogs that were lame as a result of osteoarthritis. The dogs were of different breeds, ages and bodyweights and of both sexes, and were selected from 51 veterinary clinics. Each dog was treated orally by its owner with 4 mg/kg carprofen for 84 consecutive days. Twenty-four dogs were removed from the study because of side effects, and 55 left the study for reasons unrelated to the treatment. The condition of the dogs and the benefit of the treatment were evaluated by the veterinary surgeons and the owners after 14 days, and at the end of the period of treatment, when 194 of the dogs (26.7 per cent) were no longer lame, and 357 (49.2 per cent) had improved. The period for which the dogs had been lame before entering the study significantly (P<0.01) affected the results and the rate of improvement. Too much exercise during the 84 days of treatment caused some dogs to relapse.  相似文献   

14.
Rectal swabs or faecal samples for the isolation of Campylobacter species were taken from 120 dogs and cats in an animal shelter in which only one kitten showed signs of gastrointestinal disease, and rectal swabs were taken from 46 dogs, 22 of which showed signs of gastrointestinal disease, in another shelter. At the first shelter, the swabs from 24 of 47 dogs (51.1 per cent) and 36 of 48 cats (75 per cent) yielded a Campylobacter species. The rate of isolation was significantly higher from dogs and cats less than six months old, and significantly higher from cats than from dogs (P< or =0.05). At the second shelter Campylobacter species were isolated from 40 of 46 dogs (87 per cent), but there was no significant difference between the age groups. Campylobacter species were isolated from 19 (86.4 per cent) of the 22 dogs with signs of gastrointestinal disease and from 21 (87.5 per cent) of the 24 unaffected dogs. Several culture methods were applied to the samples collected from both shelters, and the combination significantly increased the recovery of Campylobacter species.  相似文献   

15.
OBJECTIVES: The efficacy of maropitant (Cerenia; Pfizer Inc.) as an anti-emetic for use in dogs with ongoing emesis was evaluated in a two-phase multi-centric study conducted at veterinary clinics in France, Italy, Slovakia and the UK. METHODS: In phase I, dogs with ongoing emesis were randomised in a 1:1 ratio to either maropitant (32 dogs) or metoclopramide (34 dogs). In phase II, dogs were randomised in a 2:1 ratio to maropitant (77 dogs) or metoclopramide (40 dogs). Maropitant was administered subcutaneously at 1 mg/kg/day for up to five days. Metoclopramide was administered as recommended on the product labels as licensed at 0.5 to 1 mg/kg/day subcutaneously or orally with the daily dose divided over two to three administrations per day for up to three to five days. RESULTS: In phase I, 97 per cent of dogs treated with maropitant and 71 per cent of dogs treated with metoclopramide did not vomit after treatment (P<0.01). The mean number of emetic events after maropitant treatment was significantly reduced compared with that after metoclopramide treatment (P=0.01). In phase II, the occurrence of emesis was lower for maropitant during the first 24 hours (P<0.0001) and for each day thereafter. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE: A single daily dose of maropitant was more effective than metoclopramide administered two or three times daily in the treatment of emesis caused by various aetiologies in dogs.  相似文献   

16.
In this randomised, multicentre clinical study, dogs with musculoskeletal pain and inflammation were treated with either vedaprofen or meloxicam administered orally at the recommended dose rates. Clinical examinations were carried out regularly and clinical severity scores assigned. In total, 214 cases (73 acute, 141 chronic) were evaluated. Treatment with vedaprofen and meloxicam was continued for 14 and 17 days, respectively, in the acute cases, and 38 and 39 days in the chronic cases. NSAID treatment resulted in a significant improvement in clinical scores. The overall response to treatment ('responders') at the final clinical examination was 89 per cent and 87 per cent in the acute cases and 72 per cent and 65 per cent in the chronic cases in the vedaprofen and meloxicam groups, respectively. Mild transient gastrointestinal signs were observed in both groups (11 per cent vedaprofen, 12 per cent meloxicam). Adverse effects related to NSAIDs resulted in treatment cessation in 5 per cent of the dogs in each group. Vedaprofen and meloxicam were efficacious in, and well tolerated by, most of the dogs in the study.  相似文献   

17.
Ketoconazole (Nizoral®, Janssen Pharmaceutica) a new systemic antimycotic was tested in dermatomycosis in cats and dogs. The daily dose (10 mg/kg body weight) was administered for 10 or 20 days without any other measures being taken. After the 20‐day treatments new hair growth was observed in 96.7 per cent of the cats and 89.9 percent of the dogs. Clinical cure was complete in 96.8 per cent of the cats and 90.5 per cent of the dogs.

Particularly the good tolerance in the cat was appreciated. There were practically no side‐effects in dogs (except vomiting in two pups) or in cats.  相似文献   

18.
OBJECTIVE: To determine concentrations of marbofloxacin in alveolar macrophages (AMs) and epithelial lining fluid (ELF) and compare those concentrations with plasma concentrations in healthy dogs. ANIMALS: 12 adult mixed-breed and purebred hounds. PROCEDURE: 10 dogs received orally administered marbofloxacin at a dosage of 2.75 mg/kg every 24 hours for 5 days. Two dogs served as nontreated controls. Fiberoptic bronchoscopy and bronchoalveolar lavage procedures were performed while dogs were anesthetized with propofol, approximately 6 hours after the fifth dose. The concentrations of marbofloxacin in plasma and bronchoalveolar fluid (cell and supernatant fractions) were determined by use of high-performance liquid chromatography with detection of fluorescence. RESULTS: Mean +/- SD plasma marbofloxacin concentrations 2 and 6 hours after the fifth dose were 2.36 +/- 0.52 microg/mL and 1.81 +/- 0.21 microg/mL, respectively. Mean +/- SD marbofloxacin concentration 6 hours after the fifth dose in AMs (37.43 +/- 24.61 microg/mL) was significantly greater than that in plasma (1.81 +/- 0.21 microg/mL) and ELF (0.82 +/- 0.34 microg/mL), resulting in a mean AM concentration-to-plasma concentration ratio of 20.4, a mean AM:ELF ratio of 60.8, and a mean ELF-to-plasma ratio of 0.46. Marbofloxacin was not detected in any samples from control dogs. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Marbofloxacin concentrations in AMs were greater than the mean inhibitory concentrations of major bacterial pathogens in dogs. Results indicated that marbofloxacin accumulates in AMs at concentrations exceeding those reached in plasma and ELF The accumulation of marbofloxacin in AMs may facilitate treatment for susceptible intracellular pathogens or infections associated with pulmonary macrophage infiltration.  相似文献   

19.
This prospective study aimed to record the toxicity profile of a dose-intensifying simultaneous chemotherapy (DISC) protocol for lymphoma in dogs. Remission rates and the duration of the protocol were also evaluated. Twenty-one dogs were studied. Diagnosis was based on cytological or histological assessments. The DISC protocol is a 13-week maintenance-free protocol. L-Asparaginase (400 iu/kg) was administered subcutaneously on day 1, followed by weekly simultaneous intravenous administration of vincristine (0.7 mg/m(2) = 100 per cent), cyclophosphamide (200 mg/m(2) = 100 per cent) and doxorubicin (30 mg/m(2) = 100 per cent) at a starting dose level of 33 per cent. Dose levels were given twice and then increased by 5 to 7 per cent if grade 0 or I toxicities were seen, to a maximum dose level of 60 per cent. Two dogs experienced a grade IV toxicity (asymptomatic neutropenia in one dog and sepsis in the other). Two episodes of asymptomatic grade III thrombocytopenia and one episode of neutropenia were recorded. Other toxic events were infrequent and mild. Only one dog required hospitalisation for less than 72 hours. Seventeen dogs (80.9 per cent) achieved complete remission, one (4.8 per cent) achieved partial remission, two (9.5 per cent) had stable disease and in one (4.8 per cent) disease progressed.  相似文献   

20.
A double-blind, randomised, controlled, multicentre field study was conducted to compare the safety and efficacy of firocoxib chewable tablets and carprofen tablets in 218 dogs with osteoarthritis. Firocoxib is a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug with more than 350-fold selectivity in dogs for the inducible isoform of the enzyme cyclo-oxygenase-2. The efficacy, tolerance and ease of administration of firocoxib (5 mg/kg/day) and carprofen (4 mg/kg/day) were assessed by the owners and the attending veterinarians during 30 days of treatment. The efficacy was assessed in terms of the dogs' overall scores at the end of the treatment, based on the veterinarians' assessment of lameness, pain on manipulation/palpation, range of motion, and joint swelling; 92.5 per cent of the dogs treated with firocoxib and 92.4 per cent of the dogs treated with carprofen had improved. The reduction in lameness in the dogs treated with firocoxib was significantly greater than in the dogs treated with carprofen. The owners' evaluations were that 96.2 per cent of the dogs treated with firocoxib and 92.4 per cent of the dogs treated with carprofen had improved, and this difference was statistically significant.  相似文献   

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