共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 15 毫秒
1.
Summary Conditions necessary for the detection of potato leafroll virus (PLRV) and potato virus Y (PVY) in tubers from primary and
secondary infected plants were investigated. Tubers were analysed before and after breaking dormancy by rindite treatment.
PLRV was reliably detected indormant tubers whereas PVY was readily detected only when tubers had been rindite-treated and
held for two to three weeks at 22°C and high humidity in the dark. PLRV occurred in higher concentration at the heel end than
at the rose end of infected tubers and the concentration remained nearly unchanged during the experimental period of 35 days,
whereas PVY was found to be more concentrated at the rose end and was rapidly accumulating in the tubers after the break of
dormancy. In dormant tubers PVY concentration dropped during storage at 22°C. The use of ELISA for tuber indexing is discussed. 相似文献
2.
Summary A reverse trancription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) assay was devised and shown to be sensitive and reliable for the
detection of potato mop-top virus (PMTV) RNA sequences in the flesh of virus infected potato tubers, and in the roots and
leaves of soil-bait plants. This assay was compared with an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay incorporating PMTV specific
monoclonal antibodies (TAS-ELISA). The tests were devised to improve the efficiency of detection of viruliferousSpongospora subterranea in agricultural soils, and PMTV in potato tubers. RT-PCR detected PMTV RNA sequences in the roots and leaves of bait plants
after three weeks growth in viruliferous soil, three weeks before the bait plants themselves developed symptoms, and two weeks
before the virus was detected by TAS-ELISA. Both RT-PCR and TAS-ELISA detected PMTV in the tubers of primary-infected potatoes.
RT-PCR and TAS-ELISA were shown to be more sensitive and reliable than conventional baittests and sap inoculation methods
for the detection and diagnosis of PMTV. 相似文献
3.
Summary Detection of potato virus Y (PVY) in dormant potato tubers using the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) has been reported
not to be accurate and reliable and it requires breaking of the dormancy of tubers prior to testing. We describe a simple,
practical and highly sensitive hybridization method based on the use of biotinylated DNA probes for detecting PVY and potato
aucuba mosaic virus (PAMV) in dilutions made of crude extracts of infected potato leaves and dormant tubers. As little as
50 fg of RNA can be detected by this method, and the probes are highly specific for their targets, even in crude plant extracts.
The presence of one virus did not interfere with the detection of the other. 相似文献
4.
Summary A test procedure for PSTVd is described based on immobilisation of plant sap on filter paper, by dotting or tissue printing
followed by RT-PCR. Tests were carried out using primarily and secondarily infected potato plants, primarily infected in vitro
plants, and potato tubers. Print PCR was shown to be suitable for testing large samples of potato plants whereas dot PCR is
recommended for in vitro plantlets and tuber tissue. Bulking one infected plant to 4 or 9 healthy plants gave reliable results
with secondarily infected potato plants, but sometimes the test failed to detect PSTVd in primarily infected in vitro plants.
Dotted and printed paper squares could be stored at 4°C for at least 2 weeks in Triton X-100 solution or under dry conditions.
Storing at room temperature can lead to unreliable results. 相似文献
5.
6.
7.
Summary Tubers of field-grown plants of ten Dutch potato cultivars, secondarily infected with potato virus X (PVX) or free from this
virus were submitted to ELISA after storage at 4°C. About 40 weeks after lifting PVX could be detected reliably. Extinction
values with the apical parts of the tubers were slightly higher than those with the basal parts. 相似文献
8.
Summary Potato spindle tuber viroid (PSTV) and potato virus Y (PVY) were isolated from plants of cultivar Kennebec with severe necrotic
symptoms in the field. In the greenhouse, severe necrotic symptoms were reproduced only when potato plants were infected either
simultaneously with PSTV+PVY, or with PSTV prior to PVY infection. Thirteen additional potato cultivars were tested in the
greenhouse for this synergistic reaction and eight developed necrotic responses similar to cv. Kennebec. PVY concentration
was significantly higher in doubly infected plants, compared with those infected with PVY alone. 相似文献
9.
R. W. Gibson 《Potato Research》1988,31(3):389-394
Summary A technique is described in which plant sap is blotted onto small pieces (8×11 mm) of nylon membrane and virus particles bound
to the paper are detected by a modification of the enzymelinked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The detectable product of the
assay is a soluble yellow dye, the absorbance of which increased with the virus content of the plant sap. Leaf or tuber sap
from plants secondarily-infected with either potato leafroll virus or potato virus Y could be clearly distinguished from that
of healthy plants and a majority of tubers primarily infected with PVY were also detected. 相似文献
10.
Summary Infection with an M-type (particle producing) isolate of tobacco rattle virus (TRV) was detected in leaves and/or roots of
some plants from 11 of 13 potato cultivars grown in soil containing viruliferous trichodorid nematodes. Virus was detected
in tubers of 8 of 13 cultivars, although only two (Pentland Dell and Maris Bard) developed spraing symptoms. Six cultivars
(Arran Consul, Home Guard, King Edward, Romano, Santé and Wilja) were infected with TRV without developing spraing symptoms.
Plants grown from virus-containing, symptomless tubers became systemically infected with M-type TRV and produced symptomless
infected daughter tubers. Virus was maintained through three generations of vegetative propagation, and the plants were sources
for acquisition of the virus by trichodorid nematodes. Distribution of virus in both spraing-affected and symptomless tubers
was erratic. Movement of symptomlessly infected seed tubers may be a means of dissemination of the virus and of its introduction
to previously unaffected sites. 相似文献
11.
Foliar treatment of potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) with metribuzin at 0.57–1.0 lb/A caused a necrotic reaction in leaflets of plants infected with potato virus Y (PVY), but not in plants infected with potato virus X (PVX) or potato leafroll virus. Necrosis symptoms resulting from metribuzin-PVY interaction were distinct from symptoms of either PVY infection or of metribuzin injury. This reaction was similar in the Russet Burbank, Lemhi Russet, and Pioneer cultivars. Russet Burbank infected with PVY and PVX, alone or in combination, was treated with metribuzin to study herbicidevirus interaction effects on yield. Secondary PVY infection alone caused a 57% yield reduction, and when combined with PVX caused a 71% yield reduction. Although leaflet necrosis was induced by the metribuzin-PVY combination, there was no significant yield interaction. Results suggest that post-emergence application of metribuzin can be used as an aid for detecting and removing potato virus Y infected plants from potato seed fields 相似文献
12.
Summary Dormant tubers of the potato cv. Bintje were treated for 7 or 14 days in an atmosphere enriched to either 40% O2 plus 1% CO2, or 40% O2 plus 20% CO2, or they were stored in closed plastic bags for identical periods. Rindite-treated and untreated tubers served as references.
Treatment with 40% O2 plus 20% CO2 for 7 days was nearly as efficient as rindite for inducing sprouting. Both the O2 plus CO2 treatments, for 7 and 14 days, considerably increased virus concentration in tubers and had an effect similar to that of
rindite 40 days after treatment, but the plastic bag treatment was not as efficient. It is concluded that O2 plus CO2 enriched atmospheres could be used for breaking tuber dormancy in order to detect reliably PVY in tuber extracts. 相似文献
13.
P. Gugerli 《Potato Research》1980,23(1):137-141
Summary Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), used in conjunction with a new rapid extraction method, showed that potato leafroll
virus (PLRV) concentration in the vascular region of infected potato tubers decreases from the heel to the rose end. Lower
virus concentration at the rose than at the heel end was found not only in dormant tubers but also in tubers three weeks after
breaking dormancy although the difference was then less pronounced. These results were obtained from plants with both primary
and secondary infection by one of two French virus isolates which behave differently in respect of either accumulation in
the ants or in their serological properties or both. 相似文献
14.
N. S. Wright 《American Journal of Potato Research》1974,51(6):202-205
When Netted Gem potato plants were inoculated with potato virus X 7 to 31 days before defoliation the tubers were not uniformly infected. Testing of a single germinating eye chosen at random from each tuber detected fewer than half of the tubers from which stem-end, mid, or apical-end sections produced infected plants. The number of completely and partially infected tubers increased as the length of time between inoculation and defoliation was increased. Infection was not correlated with tuber size. Partially infected tubers produced equal numbers of infected plants from stem-end and apical-end sections. 相似文献
15.
Ribavirin (virazole) treatment of cultured axillary bud tips (3-4 mm) was tested as a method of eradicating potato virus Y (PVY) and potato virus S (PVS) from two potato cultivars, Norchip and Desiree. Ribavirin treatment was phytotoxic at all concentrations tested, but cultivars treated at 5 mg/1 were visually similar to the nontreated control cultures after 20 weeks. The buds treated with ribavirin at 20 mg/1 had a survival rate of only 30–40%. Virus assays indicated that 2,74,82, and 89% of the plants were free of PVY, and 1, 71, 83 and 90% were free of PVS, 20 weeks following treatment with 0, 5, 10, and 20 mg/1, respectively. Virus assays indicated that 2, 74, 82, 89% of the plants were free of PVY, and 1, 71, 83 and 90% were free of PVS, 20 weeks following treatment with 0, 5, 10, and 20 mg/1 ribavirin treatment respectively for cultivar Norchip. Desiree cultivar assayed 2, 69, 80 and 86% free of PVY and 2, 74, 85 and 93% free of PVS, 20 weeks following treatment with 0, 5, 10, and 20 mg/1 ribavirin treatment respectively. 相似文献
16.
Potato virus X (PVX)-free and mild PVX-infected tuber lines originating from the same Katahdin clone were compared for susceptibility to tuber rot incited byFusarium roseum (Lk.) Synd. and Hans. ‘Avenaceum’. The effect of interval between top-kill and harvest on development ofFusarium tuber rot was also determined. A series of tubers from both PVX-free and PVX-infected tuber lines was either (i) mechanically bruised and inoculated by immersion in a spore suspension ofF. roseum ‘Avenaceum’, (ii) mechanically bruised but not inoculated, (iii) inoculated only or (iv) neither bruised nor inoculated. Tubers from all treatments were then stored at temperatures of 18–21 C (65–70 F) for a 3-week period prior to being placed at 4 C (39 F) for the remainder of the storage period. The amount of rot was determined after a 5–6 month storage period at the latter temperature. In a 4-year study PVX-free tubers were significantly (1% level) more susceptible to infection byF. roseum ‘Avenaceum’ than tubers infected with mild PVX. PVX-free tubers left in the ground for 2 or 3 weeks after top-kill were significantly (1% level) more susceptible toFusarium dry rot than those infected with the virus; however, there was no significant difference in disease incidence between PVX-free and PVX-infected tubers when harvested 4–5 weeks after top-kill. Tubers, both PVX-free and PVX-infected, remaining in the ground for a 2 week period following top-kill were significantly (1% level) more susceptible toFusarium tuber rot than those harvested 3 weeks after top-kill; similarly, both PVX-free and PVX-infected tubers harvested 3 weeks after top-kill were significantly (1% level) more susceptible than those left in the ground for a 4–5 week interval. 相似文献
17.
Development of alternative serological techniques to ELISA for detection of potato viruses offers advantages for monitoring virus incidence and for seed potato certification systems. Several trials showed that multiplex tissue print immunoassay (TPIA) and dot blot immunoassay (DBIA) might represent fast, practical, and sensitive alternatives for the detection of: Potato leaf roll virus (PLRV), Potato virus S (PVS), Potato virus X (PVX) and Potato virus Y (PVY), from green and/or tuber tissues. In TPIA, the specific precipitation patterns in infected tissues of leaf petioles or stem cross sections, observed with each virus, allowed identification of the specific virus or mixed infections in a single multiplex assay. For detection of PVY in green tissues, DBIA was shown to be over 50 times more sensitive than ELISA. TPIA and ELISA from the tuber stem end or from eyes might be used for rapid detection of PVY and PVS in seed potato tubers without prior germination. PVS was evenly distributed in potato tuber tissue, while PVY was localized in the vascular tissue beneath the epidermis, with irregular distribution along the periphery of the potato tuber. For laboratories in developing countries lacking time and facilities for tests based on tuber germination, monitoring for PVS and PVY using TPIA in tuber tissue may be a suitable alternative to ELISA. 相似文献
18.
Environmental factors influencing aphid transmission of potato virus Y and potato leafroll virus 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Summary The effect of temperature, relative humidity (RH) and light on aphid transmission of potato virus Y (PVY) and potato leafroll
virus (PLRV) was studied using as vectorsMyzus persicae Sulz. andAphis gossypii Glov. Host susceptibility was enhanced by 48 h pre-inoculation exposure at 25°C and by 48 h post-inoculation exposure to
30°C. High RH (80%) in both pre- or postinoculation phases enhanced host susceptibility. Continuous fluorescent light (4000
lux) did not alter the rate of transmission of either virus. High RH (80–90%) and high temperature (25–30°C), when combined,
increased virus transmission by 30–35%. Transmission rates were reduced by nearly 50% if RH was maintained at 50% in either
of the two phases even if the temperature was 25 or 30°C. Both viruses were acquired by aphids earlier (13–20 days after inoculation)
when the source plants were incubated at 25 or 30°C. Most virus was transmitted from plants inoculated with PVY 13 to 16 days
and with PLRV 15 to 20 days previously. Transmission rates of PVY were enumerated from symptom expression on test plants and
by Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) whereas those of PLRV were enumerated from symptom expression alone. 相似文献
19.
Sylvie Priou R. Torres Alicia Villar Liliam Gutarra F. De Mendiburu 《Potato Research》2001,44(4):349-358
Summary A sampling strategy was evaluated in the Andean highlands of Peru to optimise the detection ofRalstonia solanacearum in seed tubers harvested from symptomless crops. A sensitive and specific serological method developed at CIP was used to
detect the pathogen in latently infected tubers. Optimum sample size was evaluated for symptomless crops after analysing various
numbers of composite samples and using a binomial distribution model to calculate the detection probabilities.R. solanacearum was detected in all lots from fields with visible symptoms, so validating the detection technique. About half of the seed
lots from apparently healthy fields at altitudes of up to 3,100 m were found positive for the pathogen.R. solanacearum was detected with 99% probability in samples of 350 tubers from seed lots from symptomless crops. This number of seed tubers
could feasibly be processed in a seed-health test without incurring too high a cost for labour and materials. 相似文献
20.
N. Ioannou 《Potato Research》1989,32(1):33-47
Summary The infection pressure of two viruses, potato leafroll (PLRV) and potato virus Y (PVY), both common in seed potatoes grown
in Cyprus, was determined in three experiments in 1982–83. Virus-free bait plants, of potato and four other species, were
exposed weekly to field infection during the growing season (March–June), and then returned to an aphid-free glasshouse for
symptom expression. Only tobacco plants produced clear symptoms enabling reliable assessment of PVY infection pressure. When
assessed with ELISA or by tuber indexing, the potato plants were efficient baits for both viruses whose infection period commenced
at emergence (mid March to early April) and ended within 6–7 weeks. The seasonal trend of aphid populations, determined with
Moericke traps or 100-leaf counts, correspond to that of virus spread. Correlation and regression analysis of aphid and virus
data implicated the alate form ofMyzus persicae as the principal vector of both viruses. 相似文献