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1. Withdrawal of cholecalciferol (D3) supplement from a layers diet drastically reduced blood 25‐hydroxycholecalciferol (25‐OH‐D3), 1α,25‐dihydroxycholecalciferol (calcitriol) and egg specific gravity (SG) within two weeks, followed by a decrease in blood total calcium (Ca).
2. Doubling the D3 supplement in the control diet (27.5 μg or 1100 IU/kg) almost linearly increased the circulating concentration of 25‐OH‐D3 without raising the concentration of calcitriol, Ca, or egg SG.
3. Replacing D3 by the optimal concentration of calcitriol (5 μg/kg diet) improved egg SG after 21 weeks of treatment without increasing blood calcitriol or total Ca.
4. By itself, 24,25‐dihydroxycholecalciferol [24,25‐(OH)2D3] was unable to maintain normal blood levels of calcitriol, Ca or egg SG and, when added together with calcitriol in the diet, tended to elevate blood Ca but suppress the beneficial effect of calcitriol on shell quality, with little or no effect on blood calcitriol. 相似文献
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Yuta Seo Takuya Kubota Masami Sudo Naomi Toda Yasuki Ogawa Yuji Miyaguchi 《Animal Science Journal》2021,92(1):e13522
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Camille C. Hanot Katrina L. Mealey Janean L. Fidel Neal S. Burke Laura A. White Rance K. Sellon 《Journal of veterinary pharmacology and therapeutics》2020,43(2):231-236
Prednisone resistance develops rapidly and essentially universally when dogs with lymphoma are treated with corticosteroids. We investigated naturally occurring mechanisms of prednisone resistance in seven dogs with naïve multicentric lymphoma, treated with oral prednisone; four dogs were administered concurrent cytotoxic chemotherapy. Expression of NR3C1α, ABCB1 (formerly MDR1), 11β-HSD1, and 11β-HSD2 mRNA was evaluated in neoplastic lymph nodes by real-time RT-PCR. Changes of expression levels at diagnosis and at time of clinical resistance to prednisone were compared longitudinally using a Wilcoxon signed-rank test. Clinical resistance to prednisone was observed after a median of 68 days (range: 7–348 days) after initiation of treatment. Relative to pretreatment samples, prednisone resistance was associated with decreased NR3C1α expression in biopsies of all dogs with high-grade lymphoma (six dogs, p=.031); one dog with indolent T-zone lymphoma had increased expression of NR3C1α. Resistance was not consistently associated with changes in ABCB1, 11β-HSD1, or 11β-HSD2 expression. Decreased expression of the glucocorticoid receptor (NR3C1α) may play a role in conferring resistance to prednisone in dogs with lymphoma. Results do not indicate a broad role for changes in expression of ABCB1, 11β-HSD1, and 11β-HSD2 in the emergence of prednisone resistance in lymphoma-bearing dogs. 相似文献
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《The British veterinary journal》1994,150(6):569-583
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Sevimli A Misirlioğlu D Yağci A Bülbül A Yilmaztepe A Altunbas K 《Veterinary research communications》2008,32(7):499-508
In this study, the roles of IL-1β, IL-6 and TNF-α in amyloid arthropathic chickens with variable amounts (severe, moderate
and mild) of amyloid accumulation were investigated. The presence and the levels of cytokines were evaluated in serum and
in joint tissues by using ELISA and immunohistochemistry, respectively. One hundred brown layer chicks were allocated into
four groups and intra-articular injections of Freund’s adjuvant were used to induce amyloid arthropathy in Groups II, III
and IV. Vitamin A in group II, and methylprednisolone in Group IV were added to enhance and to reduce the severity of amyloidosis,
respectively. At the end of the study, a positive correlation was observed among the incidence and severity of amyloidosis,
the serum amyloid A levels and the IL-1β values both in the serum and tissues. Elevation in the tissue TNF-α levels in parallel
with the severity of amyloidosis has also been noted.
As a conclusion, IL-1β appears to play an important role in avian AA amyloidosis either alone or in combination with TNF-α.
Further investigation is needed for understanding the role of the pro-inflammatory cytokines in avian AA amyloidosis. 相似文献
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Bovine Immunodeficiency Virus Expression in Vitro is Reduced in the Presence of β-Chemokines,MIP-1α, MIP-1β and RANTES 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
The inhibition of HIV expression in vitro by a cocktail of the -chemokines MIP-1, MIP-1 and RANTES provided the initial evidence that HIV utilizes chemokine receptors as co-receptors for infection of cells. Bovine immunodeficiency virus (BIV), a lentivirus, infects a wide variety of leukocyte populations, but the cellular receptor(s) utilized by this virus for infection of cells is not known. The purpose of this study was to determine whether MIP-1, MIP-1 and RANTES affect BIV expression in vitro, as a prelude to identifying the cellular receptors utilized by this virus. Fetal bovine lung (FBL) cells were pretreated with serial dilutions of a cocktail of the chemokines, and then the cells were infected with BIV. Virus expression in these cells was determined by counting the syncytia that had developed in the cultures by five days after infection. A significant decrease in syncytium formation, corresponding to increasing concentrations of the chemokines, was the result. Reacting the chemokines with chemokine-specific neutralizing antibodies prior to treatment of the cells neutralized the effect of the chemokines on virus replication in a dose-dependent manner, restoring viral expression to a level similar to that of untreated cells. The presence of a CCR5 homologue on the surface of FBL cells was confirmed using an anti-CCR5 monoclonal antibody and FACS analysis. Collectively, these data provide preliminary evidence that BIV may utilize the CCR5 receptor for infection of cells in vitro, but additional studies are necessary to confirm this. 相似文献
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F. Van Wambeke 《British poultry science》1977,18(2):163-168
1. Semen of White Leghorn and Rhode Island Red males was stored for 24 h in diluents hypertonic (460 mOsm/kg H2O) and isotonic (340 mOsm/kg H2O) to cock seminal plasma.
2. Compared with the fertility results with semen that had been stored in the hypertonic diluent or was fresh, the fertility of the White Leghorns was not affected after storage in the isotonic diluent; a decrease (P < 0.lb05) was observed, however, using Rhode Island Red semen and isotonic diluent.
3. Fresh RIR semen contained 2.lb31% “neck‐bent spermatozoa” (NBS) which was increased to 4.lb23% and 5.lb76% after dilution in hypertonic and isotonic diluents respectively and stored for 24 h. It is doubtful whether this increase (P < 0.lb05) is the sole reason for the lowered fertility obtained with this breed after storage in the isotonic diluent. 相似文献
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Riond J.-L. Liesegang A. Wanner M. Kaiser C. Döbeli M. Joller-Jemelka H.I. 《Veterinary research communications》1999,23(5):299-306
The pathophysiology of postparturient paresis is still not completely understood. Knowledge recently acquired in immunology, endocrinology and cell physiology has still to be integrated in order to elucidate the aetiopathogenesis of the disease. For that purpose, the effect of the EDTA infusion model on the plasma concentrations of selected cytokines and growth factors, and of a calcium binding protein was examined in dairy cows. Six 6- to 11-year-old Brown Swiss cows in mid lactation were infused with a 5% solution of Na2EDTA in one jugular vein over a period of 5 h. Blood samples were collected from the contralateral side daily two days before, and then hourly for five hours during the infusion, hourly for five hours after the end of the infusion, and once daily for 10 days thereafter. The plasma concentrations of cortisol, tumour necrosis factor-, interleukin-1 receptor antagonist, granulocyte colony-stimulating factor, granulocyte and macrophage colony-stimulating factor, and the calcium binding protein S-100 were determined. Before the EDTA infusion, during the infusion and for two days thereafter, the mean plasma concentrations of cortisol were significantly higher than those from days 4 to 10 after the infusion. The plasma concentrations of tumour necrosis factor- and interleukin-1 receptor antagonist followed a similar profile. At the end of EDTA infusion, low concentrations of granulocyte colony-stimulating factor were detected in one cow only. On days 3 and 4, the mean plasma concentrations of granulocyte colony-stimulating factor were significantly higher than the pre-infusion values, but this was followed by a significant decrease on post-infusion day 5. From day 4 to 7, the plasma concentrations of S-100 were significantly lower than the pre-infusion values. The importance of these findings in the pathophysiology of postparturient paresis remains to be established. 相似文献
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1. The influence of age, sex and injection of Escherichia coli lipopolysaccharide (LPS) on the plasma concentration of alpha‐1 acid glycoprotein (AGP) was determined in broilers using the single radial immunodiffusion method.
2. Plasma AGP concentration increased in the 3 d after hatching, and then stabilised at 240 ± 33 μg/ml up to 14 d of age.
3. No sex‐related differences in plasma AGP concentration were observed up to 6 weeks of age.
4. A single injection of 900 μg LPS per chick resulted in a 5‐fold increase in AGP concentration compared with that in saline‐injected chicks. Multiple injections of LPS (200 μg/chick every 2d for 14d) caused only a 50% increase in AGP concentration. 相似文献
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Talal Al Khewani Mohamed Momani Shaker Samer Al-Olofi 《Tropical animal health and production》2014,46(8):1363-1370
A fattening experiment was carried out to analyze and evaluate the effect of ram lamb genotype on the growth, feed conversion (FC), and carcass value of Dhamari ram lambs, F1 crossbreds of Dhamari?×?Tehami (F1 DhT), and Tehami ram lambs. Genotype of the ram lambs including the experiment (n?=?30) had high significant effect on total weight gain (TWG), average daily gain (ADG), and FC (P?P?P?P?P?P?P?1 DhT was better than Tehami ram lambs in ADG, TWG, and FC. Additionally, the results show that the feed conversion was in F1 DhT crossbreds ram lambs better than pure Dhamari and Tehami ram lambs, mainly in the carcass indicators. 相似文献
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ZHANG Kun-li XIE Zhi-xun TENG Li-qiong LIU Jia-bo XIE Li-ji PANG Yao-shan FAN Qing DENG Xian-wen LUO Si-si XIE Zhi-qin 《中国畜牧兽医》2013,40(9):90-95
In order to develop a SYBR GreenⅠ Real-time PCR assay for detection of chicken IL-1β,IL-18 and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) genes, four specific primer pairs were designed according to the chicken's IL-1β,IL-18, TNF-α and glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH) gene sequences in GenBank. The four fragments were amplified by RT-PCR from chicken embryo fibroblasts, cloned and sequenced. The recombinant plasmids containing the target gene were constructed and used as the Real-time PCR standard templates. Real-time PCR assays based on SYBR GreenⅠfor detection of chicken IL-1β,IL-18, TNF-α and GAPDH were established. The results showed that each gene's melting curve also had a single peak,each gene's amplification efficiency was 101.2%, 95.6%, 100.1% and 98.2%, R2 was 0.9996,0.9998,0.9957 and 0.9989. Moreover,the assays were highly sensitive,the detection limit of 100 copies in 35 Ct and each gene's coefficient of variation less than 1.4 percent for intra-assay. This reliable Real-time PCR assay might be used for decting chicken's IL-1β,IL-18 and TNF-α mRNA expressing and provided the basis for quantitative analysis of cytokine expression in host cell after virus infect which cause immunosuppressive diseases. 相似文献
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ich is 《畜牧兽医科技信息》2003,(3)
in contrast with its insignificant effect on recognition of general information in both tests. As regards the effect of the very act of taking notes (the encoding function of note-taking), no significant effect has been found in any condition in either test. 相似文献