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1.
《中国畜牧杂志》2020,(8)
为探究广西都安山羊和隆林山羊2个地方品种的遗传多样性及母系起源,利用PCR测序及生物信息方法,对35只都安山羊和23只隆林山羊的mtDNA D-loop区进行多态性分析,共检测到83个变异位点,定义32种单倍型。都安山羊和隆林山羊的单倍型多样度分别为0.956和0.960,其核苷酸多样度均为0.018,平均核苷酸差异数分别为21.2和21.5,说明都安山羊和隆林山羊具有丰富的遗传多样性。构建的NJ发育树表明,都安山羊和隆林山羊主要分为A与B 2个支系,A支系与弯角野山羊(Capra aegagrus)聚在一起,而旋角野山羊(Capra falconeri)单独聚为一支,揭示弯角野山羊是都安山羊和隆林山羊的母系祖先。 相似文献
2.
【目的】研究庆阳驴养殖群体的遗传多样性与母系起源,了解其遗传信息,为保护庆阳驴种质资源、选育和遗传改良工作提供理论依据。【方法】随机选取133头庆阳驴,对其线粒体DNA(mitochondrial DNA,mtDNA)D-loop区序列进行PCR扩增、测序及比对,并探讨庆阳驴的遗传多样性与母系起源。【结果】在获得的520 bp D-loop碱基序列中,AT含量(57.3%)高于GC含量(42.8%),表现出碱基的偏倚性;检测到38个变异位点,包含8个碱基对的转换;其核苷酸多样性(Pi)、单倍型多样性(Hd)、平均核苷酸差异(K)分别为0.01591、0.895和8.274,与欧洲家驴和中国家驴研究的平均值相比较低,说明该驴品种核苷酸变异较为贫乏。庆阳驴mtDNA D-loop区存在35个单倍型,单倍型之间的遗传距离为0.002～0.042。系统进化结果显示,庆阳驴存在2个线粒体支系,表明其具有2个母系起源,且遗传距离表明,庆阳驴与克罗地亚家驴之间的遗传距离较近。【结论】本研究从分子水平初步揭示庆阳驴核苷酸变异比较贫乏,杂交程度高,mtDNA遗传多态性正逐步丧失,应加强庆阳驴品种的遗传资... 相似文献
3.
［目的］探究郏县红牛的mtDNA D-loop遗传多样性与母系起源。［方法］采用生物信息学方法。［结果］在46头郏县红牛mtDNA D-loop区全序列共检测到60个变异位点,定义20种mtDNA D-loop单倍型,平均单倍型多样度(Hd)为0.8530,平均核苷酸多样度(Pi)为0.0254,表明郏县红牛有丰富的母系遗传多样性。构建的IQ系统发育树表明郏县红牛具有瘤牛和普通牛两个母系支系。［结论］郏县红牛具有丰富的母系遗传多样性,有普通牛和瘤牛两个母系起源。 相似文献
4.
试验旨在以线粒体DNA(mitochondrial DNA,mtDNA)为切入点,研究建昌马的母系遗传多样性与系统进化。从建昌马(n=39)血液中提取基因组DNA,用PCR方法扩增mtDNA D-loop区并直接测序,分析其高变区247 bp序列信息,统计mtDNA D-loop区的单倍型及变异位点,计算单倍型多样性(haplotype diversity,Hd)、核苷酸多样性(nucleotide diversity,Pi)和平均核苷酸变异数(average number of nucleotide differences,K)。构建包括建昌马在内的19个品种马的NJ系统进化树,计算各品种间的遗传距离。结果显示,试验获得了清晰的PCR扩增产物,并通过直接测序方法获得了约1200 bp的序列。39匹建昌马mtDNA D-loop区247 bp序列(其中1个样品缺失1 bp)的AT碱基含量为61.45%,属AT碱基对富集区,检测到33个多态性位点,共显示26种单倍型,其中4种为共享单倍型,且Hap7和Hap1为优势单倍型,单倍型多样性为0.947,核苷酸多样性为0.02399,平均核苷酸变异数为5.901,显示丰富的母系遗传多样性;NJ系统进化树显示,建昌马分布在A、C、D、E、F、G共6个支系中,约50%的样品分布在A支系,显示出复杂的母系起源;建昌马与关中马的遗传距离最小(0.021),其次是三河马、文山马、韩国车巨马(0.024),与韩国济州岛马遗传距离最大(0.032)。本研究结果表明,建昌马的mtDNA D-loop高变区遗传多样性丰富,具有多个母系起源,且A支系占有明显优势,与关中马、文山马可能有共同的母系起源。 相似文献
5.
《中国畜牧兽医》2020,(1)
试验旨在以线粒体DNA(mitochondrial DNA,mtDNA)为切入点,研究建昌马的母系遗传多样性与系统进化。从建昌马(n=39)血液中提取基因组DNA,用PCR方法扩增mtDNA D-loop区并直接测序,分析其高变区247 bp序列信息,统计mtDNA D-loop区的单倍型及变异位点,计算单倍型多样性(haplotype diversity,Hd)、核苷酸多样性(nucleotide diversity,Pi)和平均核苷酸变异数(average number of nucleotide differences,K)。构建包括建昌马在内的19个品种马的NJ系统进化树,计算各品种间的遗传距离。结果显示,试验获得了清晰的PCR扩增产物,并通过直接测序方法获得了约1 200 bp的序列。39匹建昌马mtDNA D-loop区247 bp序列(其中1个样品缺失1 bp)的AT碱基含量为61.45%,属AT碱基对富集区,检测到33个多态性位点,共显示26种单倍型,其中4种为共享单倍型,且Hap7和Hap1为优势单倍型,单倍型多样性为0.947,核苷酸多样性为0.02399,平均核苷酸变异数为5.901,显示丰富的母系遗传多样性;NJ系统进化树显示,建昌马分布在A、C、D、E、F、G共6个支系中,约50%的样品分布在A支系,显示出复杂的母系起源;建昌马与关中马的遗传距离最小(0.021),其次是三河马、文山马、韩国车巨马(0.024),与韩国济州岛马遗传距离最大(0.032)。本研究结果表明,建昌马的mtDNA D-loop高变区遗传多样性丰富,具有多个母系起源,且A支系占有明显优势,与关中马、文山马可能有共同的母系起源。 相似文献
6.
为研究崇仁麻鸡线粒体DNA(mitochondrial DNA,mtDNA)D-loop区遗传多样性和遗传结构，试验采用PCR产物直接测序的方法，测定崇仁麻mtDNA D-loop区的全序列，并与其他5个红色原鸡亚种进行系统进化关系分析。结果显示：30个样本的mtDNA D-loop区序列长度范围为1 231～1 232 bp，共发现27个多态位点，单倍型多样性（Hd）、核苷酸多样性（Pi）和平均核苷酸差异（K）数值分别为0.947、0.006 89和8.476。群体中16种单倍型划分为A、B、C和E单倍型类群。研究表明，崇仁麻鸡具有较高的线粒体遗传多样性，可能来源于不同的母系。 相似文献
7.
中国水牛mtDNA D-loop区遗传多样性与母系起源 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
[目的]检测中国水牛21个群体232条线粒体DNA D-loop 915 bp全序列的遗传多样性及系统进化关系.[方法]PCR扩增、测序和生物信息学方法.[结果]发现232条序列中共有87种单倍型,其核苷酸多态位点88个,其中有79个转换,6个颠换,3个颠换与转换共存.中国水牛mtDNA D-loop区核苷酸多样度(π值) 为0.01403±0.00178, 单倍型多样度(H)为0.8460±0.0240,表明中国水牛mtDNA 遗传多样性丰富.根据单倍型构建了中国水牛的NJ分子系统树,发现中国水牛变异类型主要为两个大支系A和B,表明中国水牛有两个主要母系起源.进一步分析发现支系B具有较大的差异,可以细分为两个亚支B1 和B2.[结论]中国水牛mtDNA 遗传多样性丰富,有2个母系起源. 相似文献
8.
《中国畜牧杂志》2017,(11)
本研究旨在探究西藏牛的Y染色体与mtDNA D-loop区的遗传多态性和起源。采用PCR扩增和限制性内切酶酶切的方法测定30头西藏牛Y染色体USP9Y基因的多态性;采用PCR扩增和测序技术测定30头西藏牛的mtDNAD-loop区序列,利用生物信息学的方法对西藏牛44条D-loop序列(其中14条从Gen Bank下载)进行遗传多态性分析。对30头西藏牛USP9Y基因的PCR产物进行电泳,共检测到471 bp和552 bp 2个片段,且552 bp片段不能被限制性内切酶Ssp I切开,说明西藏牛具有普通牛Y1和Y2 2种单倍型组,其频率分别为0.067和0.933。通过对44条西藏牛mtDNA D-loop全序列进行比对,发现本研究测定的30条西藏牛mtDNA D-loop全序列中,有8条为牦牛序列,说明西藏牛群体中有牦牛的基因渗入。对36条西藏牛mtDNA D-loop全序列进行分析,共检测到62个变异位点,界定了21个mtDNA单倍型,单倍型多样度为0.956 0,核苷酸多样度为0.006 4,表明西藏牛具有丰富的母系遗传多态性。系统发育树显示,西藏牛具有普通牛和瘤牛混合母系起源,且普通牛的单倍型在西藏牛群体中占绝对优势(95.24%)。西藏牛具有丰富的母系遗传多态性,由2个普通牛父系单倍型组构成,应归于普通牛一类,且群体中存在牦牛和瘤牛的基因渗入现象。 相似文献
9.
《青海畜牧兽医杂志》2021,(2)
为从分子水平上探究青海省门源白牦牛的母系遗传多样性及遗传背景,本研究对31头门源白牦牛线粒体DNA(mtDNA)D-loop区序列进行测定和比对分析,确定其多态位点和单倍型数目,计算核苷酸多样度、单倍型多样度及平均核苷酸差异数大小,并构建系统发育树。结果表明,门源白牦牛mtDNA D-loop区序列长度为892～896bp,排除5处插入/缺失后共发现38处多态位点,包括24处单一变异位点和14处简约信息位点;依据序列间核苷酸变异共确定了13种单倍型,单倍型多样度为0.901±0.030,核苷酸多样度为0.006±0.004,平均核苷酸差异数为5.17,提示门源白牦牛具有较丰富的母系遗传多样性。以普通牛为外群,邻接法(NJ法)构建的系统发育树结果显示,13种单倍型分为明显的2个分支,表明门源白牦牛有2个母系起源。综上所述,本研究结果表明门源白牦牛具有较丰富的母系遗传多样性,由2个母系遗传分支组成,具有2个母系起源。 相似文献
10.
[目的]从分子水平上揭示青海省同德牦牛的母系遗传多样性、群体遗传结构和遗传背景。[方法]本研究采用PCR方法和扩增产物双向测序技术,对60头(32♂,28♀)同德牦牛mtDNA D-loop区序列进行了测定。经人工核实校对序列后,使用BioEdit、DnaSP、Arlequin和Network等生物信息学软件综合分析其母系遗传多样性、群体遗传结构及系统发育关系。[结果]同德牦牛mtDNA D-loop区序列长度在890-894 bp之间,排除12处插入/缺失后共检测到59处多态位点,其中单一多态位点有17处,简约信息位点42处;根据序列间核苷酸变异共确定了31种单倍型,其中H8为优势单倍型,单倍型多样度为0.935±0.023,核苷酸多样度为0.012±0.006。与青海其他牦牛品种(群体)(如高原、环湖、大通牦牛等)相比,同德牦牛单倍型多样度较高,表明其具有较为丰富的母系遗传多样性。使用MJ法(Median-Joining)构建的网络关系图显示:同德牦牛31种单倍型分布在A、B、C、D和E 5种单倍型组中,且其可分为2大母系支系,表明同德牦牛拥有2个母系起源。[结论]同德牦牛群体具有较丰富的母系遗传多样性,由分布于2个母系遗传分支的5个单倍型组(即A、B、C、D和E)个体组成,具有2个母系起源。 相似文献
11.
Slocombe JO McMillan I 《The Canadian veterinary journal. La revue veterinaire canadienne》1984,25(9):347-350
In late December 1983, 2 800 veterinarians across Canada were sent a questionnaire in order to assess the status of heartworm disease in Canada in 1983 and 26% of them responded. Veterinarians reported that 59 504 dogs were blood-tested to check for microfilariae and 771 dogs (1.30% of those tested) were found with Dirofilaria immitis. Heartworm disease was diagnosed in all provinces except New Brunswick and Newfoundland but most (733) of the cases were in Ontario.
Heartworm disease was found most frequently in companion dogs over three years of age maintained mainly outdoors in rural areas. About 31% of the cases were observed with clinical signs of heartworm disease and 64% had a history of not having left Canada. Southwestern Ontario continues to be the focus of the infection and most of the dogs there had not left the province previously.
相似文献12.
Heartworm in dogs in Canada in 1982 总被引：8，自引：8，他引：0
Slocombe JO McMillan I 《The Canadian veterinary journal. La revue veterinaire canadienne》1983,24(7):227-229
13.
Owen J Slocombe D McMillan I 《The Canadian veterinary journal. La revue veterinaire canadienne》1986,27(9):324-328
In late December 1985, 1485 institutional veterinarians and small and mixed animal clinics across Canada were sent a questionnaire in order to assess the status of Dirofilaria immitis in Canada in 1985 and 44% of them responded. Veterinarians reported that 137,300 dogs were blood-tested to check for microfilariae and 1210 dogs were found with heartworm. Another 36 dogs were amicrofilaremic but diagnosed with heartworm disease to give the total number diagnosed in 1985 as 1247 (0.91%).
Heartworm was reported from all provinces except Prince Edward Island, Newfoundland and Saskatchewan but most (1126) of the cases were in Ontario. Southwestern Ontario continued to be the primary focus of the infection in Canada. From Quebec, 91 cases were reported mostly from and around Montreal. From Manitoba, 19 cases were reported from Winnipeg and surrounding areas. Heartworm was found most frequently in companion dogs over three years of age maintained mainly outdoors in rural areas. About 28% of the cases were observed with clinical signs of heartworm disease and 78% had a history of not having left Canada.
相似文献14.
Slocombe JO McMillan I 《The Canadian veterinary journal. La revue veterinaire canadienne》1989,30(6):504-508
In late November 1988, 1581 small and mixed animal clinics and institutional veterinarians across Canada were sent a questionnaire in order to assess the status of Dirofilaria immitis in Canada in 1988, and 46% of them responded. Veterinarians reported that 181,577 dogs were blood-tested for heartworm disease and 367 dogs were found with D. immitis microfilariae. Another 60 dogs were amicrofilaremic but diagnosed with heartworm disease to give the total number of cases diagnosed in 1988 as 441 (0.24%). 相似文献
15.
Slocombe JO McMillan I 《The Canadian veterinary journal. La revue veterinaire canadienne》1985,26(10):323-327
In late December 1984, 1853 institutional veterinarians and small and mixed animal clinics across Canada were sent a questionnaire in order to assess the status of Dirofilaria immitis in Canada in 1984 and 35% of them responded. Veterinarians reported that 97,794 dogs were blood-tested to check for microfilariae and 1417 dogs (1.45% of those tested) were found with heartworm. Another 34 dogs were amicrofilaremic, but were diagnosed as having heartworm disease, to give the total number diagnosed in 1984 as 1451 (1.48%). Heartworm was reported from all provinces except Prince Edward Island and Newfoundland but most (1310) of the cases were in Ontario. In Quebec, 126 cases were reported mostly from west of Montreal.
Heartworm was found most frequently in companion dogs over three years of age maintained mainly outdoors in rural areas. About 27% of the cases were observed with clinical signs of heartworm disease and 72% had a history of not having left Canada. Southwestern Ontario continued to be the primary focus of the infection.
相似文献16.
17.
Slocombe JO Villeneuve A 《The Canadian veterinary journal. La revue veterinaire canadienne》1993,34(10):630-633
In late November 1991, 1883 clinics in Canada were sent a questionnaire to assess the status of Dirofilaria immitis in dogs in 1991 and there was a 60.0% response. There were 344,031 dogs tested for heart-worm (HW), 627 were found infected and the prevalence of HW infection was 0.18%. There were 417 dogs with HW in Ontario, 116 in Manitoba, 38 in Quebec, 53 in British Columbia, three in Alberta, and one in Nova Scotia. In British Columbia, all of the infected dogs but one were from the Okanagan valley which, as from 1991, is a new focus of infection in Canada. Most dogs with HW had not been on preventive medication in 1990, and the prevalence among dogs tested and unprotected was 0.59%. That prevalence was considerably higher in endemic areas. Companion dogs, over three years of age and maintained primarily outdoors in rural areas, were most frequently infected. One cat was diagnosed with D. immitis and 33 dogs had Dipetalonema reconditium. 相似文献
18.
In late November 1989, 1732 clinics and institutional veterinarians were sent a questionnaire to assess the status of Dirofilaria immitis, and 51.7% responded. Of 247,716 dogs tested, 394 had D. immitis microfilariae and 51 were amicrofilaremic for a total of 445 cases and heartworm prevalence of 0.17%. Most (408) of these dogs had no preventive medication and the prevalence among dogs tested and unprotected was 1.01%. That prevalence was considerably higher in endemic areas. Thirty-seven dogs with heartworm had preventive medication. Heartworm was most frequent in companion dogs over three years of age maintained outdoors in rural areas. About 75% of the cases had never left Canada, 26% had clinical signs and 125 were not treated.
Heartworm was reported from British Columbia, Manitoba, Ontario, Quebec, Nova Scotia and Newfoundland, but 383 cases were in Ontario. South-western Ontario was the primary focus of infection. There were 33 cases in Quebec and 24 in Manitoba, mainly found in and around Metropolitan Montreal and Winnipeg respectively.
相似文献19.
Slocombe JO McMillan I 《The Canadian veterinary journal. La revue veterinaire canadienne》1988,29(8):641-646
In late November 1987, 1246 institutional veterinarians and small and mixed animal clinics across Canada were sent a questionnaire in order to assess the status of Dirofilaria immitis in Canada in 1987, and 50% of them responded. Veterinarians reported that 165,428 dogs were blood tested for heartworm disease and 511 dogs were found with D. immitis microfilariae. Another 78 dogs were amicrofilaremic but diagnosed with heartworm disease to give the total number of cases diagnosed in 1987 as 589 (0.35%). 相似文献
20.
Owen J Slocombe D McMillan I 《The Canadian veterinary journal. La revue veterinaire canadienne》1987,28(8):491-495
In late December 1986, 1224 institutional veterinarians and small and mixed animal clinics across Canada were sent a questionnaire in order to assess the status of Dirofilaria immitis in Canada in 1986; 46% of them responded. Veterinarians reported that 150,989 dogs were blood-tested for microfilariae and 869 dogs were found with heartworm. Another 65 dogs were amicrofilaremic but diagnosed with heartworm disease and one was found with heartworm at necropsy to give the total number diagnosed in 1986 as 935 (0.62%).
Heartworm was reported from Manitoba, New Brunswick, Ontario and Quebec, but most (810) of the cases were from Ontario. South-western Ontario continued to be the primary focus of the infection in Canada. There were 103 cases reported from Quebec, mostly from and around Montreal, and 21 cases from Manitoba, from Winnipeg and surrounding areas. Heartworm was found most frequently in companion dogs over three years of age maintained mainly outdoors in rural areas. About 33% of the cases were observed with clinical signs of heartworm disease and 81% had a history of not having left Canada.
相似文献