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1.
为明确引起仔貉腹泻的病原菌并分析其特征,本研究于2017年-2020年采集秦皇岛、唐山、石家庄、沧州地区患腹泻病仔貉的肛拭子、粪便以及死亡的仔貉肝脏病料组织283份,采用常规细菌分离鉴定和PCR方法对采集的病料组织进行奇异变形杆菌(Proteus mirabilis, PM)分离鉴定,采用人工感染小鼠试验、PCR方法和K-B药敏纸片法分别检测奇异变形杆菌致病性、毒力基因、耐药性及耐药基因。结果显示,分离得到109株P.mirabilis,其中78株P.mirabilis对小鼠具有不同致病性,其死亡率在40%～100%之间,毒力基因ureC、zapA、mrpA、ucaA、rsbA、pmfA、atfA检出率在79.5%～100%之间,其它毒力基因的检出率在43.6%～47.4%之间;78株致病性P.mirabilis对阿莫西林、氨苄西林、新霉素等9种药物耐药率在41.0%以上,对其它药物的耐药率在5.1%～30.8%之间,以耐10、11、12种药物的分离菌株为主,耐药基因Sul1、Sul2、adA、aac(6’)-Ib、TetA、TetM检出率在48.7%～79.50%之间,其它耐药基因检...  相似文献   

2.
[目的]为了分析河西走廊地区犊牛腹泻致病性大肠杆菌携带毒力基因和耐药性情况,[方法]2020—2021年在河西走廊地区采集患腹泻病犊牛的粪便、肛拭子及肝脏等病料组织279份,采用人工感染试验动物、PCR方法和K-B药敏纸片法分别检测犊牛腹泻性大肠杆菌致病性、毒力因子和耐药性。[结果]结果表明,分离得到了126株大肠杆菌,其中79株犊牛腹泻性大肠杆菌能引起小鼠死亡;分离的79株致病性大肠杆菌的毒力基因crl、irp2、fimH、papC、K88、K99、stx1、stx2检测率在40.5%～100%之间,其他毒力基因检测率在15.2%～34.2%之间;分离的79株致病性大肠杆菌对氨苄西林、阿莫西林、新霉素等8种药物的耐药率在49.4%～96.2%之间,对其他药物的耐药率在5.1%～32.9%之间。[结论]从河西走廊地区患腹泻病犊牛病料组织中分离得到79株致病性大肠杆菌,这些菌株携带多种毒力基因,对临床中常用的抗菌药物产生了耐药性。  相似文献   

3.
《中国兽医学报》2019,(11):2146-2151
从腹泻仔猪中分离奇异变形杆菌,并对其耐药性和14种常用抗生素的耐药基因进行检测和分析。采用分离培养、攻毒试验、药敏试验和PCR特异性扩增等方法对分离菌进行鉴定和耐药基因的检测。结果显示,共分离到15株奇异变形杆菌,发现部分分离菌可以导致仔猪腹泻,所有分离菌均有多重耐药性,86.67%(13/15)的分离菌含有3种以上的耐药基因;四环素类、磺胺类、氯霉素类抗生素对分离菌无抑制作用,而β-内酰胺类和氨基糖胺类的部分抗生素对分离菌有抑制作用,喹诺酮类的抑菌效果较好;对β-内酰胺类抗生素、磺胺类抗生素、四环素类抗生素、氨基糖苷类抗生素和氯霉素类抗生素的耐药性主要是由cmy、sul-2、 tetA、aadA和floR耐药基因所导致的。结果表明,腹泻仔猪中分离的奇异变形杆菌含有大量的耐药基因和多重耐药性,可以引起仔猪腹泻症状,导致抗生素在临床治疗时不能发挥作用。  相似文献   

4.
为鉴定冀北地区养殖场中引起犊牛腹泻的病原菌,本实验于2021年～2023年采集冀北地区养殖场中患腹泻病奶肉犊牛的肛拭子、粪便及肝脏等病料样品247份,采用细菌分离培养、形态学观察、生化鉴定和ureR基因的PCR扩增等方法进行细菌的分离鉴定,结果显示,从采集的247份患腹泻病的奶肉犊牛病料样品中分离并鉴定到102株奇异变形杆菌(PM)。将分离菌人工感染小鼠(0.20 m L/只,含菌量为108cfu/mL),检测PM对小鼠的致病性。结果显示其中72株PM引起小鼠发病与死亡,为致病性PM,小鼠的死亡率在40%～100%。采用PCR方法及K-B药敏纸片法分别检测分离菌的毒力基因、相关耐药基因及耐药性,采用SPSS19软件中的Fisher确切概率法分析PM耐药表型与相关耐药基因之间的相关性。结果显示,毒力基因fliL、zapA、pmf A、atfA、rsb A、ureC、atfC在72株致病性PM中的检出率在63.4%～100%,其他毒力基因的检出率在2.7%～8.1%;72株致病性PM对阿莫西林、氨苄西林、安普霉素等12种药物耐药的菌株占51.4%以上,对其他药物耐药的菌株占6.9%～33....  相似文献   

5.
为了了解桂林地区致仔猪腹泻大肠杆菌血清型分布与耐药性,从桂林地区不同养猪场中采集患腹泻仔猪肝脏、肛拭子及粪便等病料中分离到67株大肠杆菌。致病性试验结果显示,在67株大肠杆菌中52株为致病性大肠杆菌。采用玻板凝集法和K-B药敏纸片法对52株致病性大肠杆菌进行血清型鉴定和耐药性分析,结果表明,52株致病性大肠杆菌共属于12个血清型,以O149、O109和O9为流行的优势血清型;52株致病性大肠杆菌呈现多重耐药,对阿莫西林、磺胺间甲氧嘧啶、新霉素3种药物的耐药率高达100%,对环丙沙星、恩诺沙星、氨苄西林等9种药物的耐药率在51.9%～98.1%之间;对其他药物的耐药率在23.1%～48.1%之间。本试验为该地区致仔猪腹泻大肠杆菌防控提供了参考依据。  相似文献   

6.
仔猪腹泻致病性大肠杆菌分型鉴定及耐药性分析   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0  
为了解贵州省规模化养猪场腹泻仔猪致病性大肠杆菌流行情况及耐药性变化,本研究运用凝集试验、PCR和药敏纸片琼脂扩散法等方法对分离的78株致病性大肠杆菌进行血清型、毒力基因及耐药性分析。结果显示,78株致病性大肠杆菌以O138、O87血清型为主,占定型菌株的60.8%;其中62株致病性大肠杆菌检出毒力基因,检出率为79.5%,可分为8种毒力基因类型,分属肠致病性大肠杆菌（EPEC）、肠产毒性大肠杆菌（ETEC）和肠聚集性大肠杆菌（EAEC）,毒力基因eaeA、elt和escV检出率较高,分别为38.5%、28.2%和21.8%;分离到的致病性大肠杆菌对β-内酰胺类药物高度耐药,均为多重耐药株,耐药种类可达8种以上。结果表明,当前贵州省规模化养猪场腹泻仔猪致病性大肠杆菌的毒力基因检出率较高且基因型复杂,耐药性严重。本试验结果可为规模化养猪场防控仔猪腹泻提供基础资料及理论依据。  相似文献   

7.
仔猪腹泻致病性大肠杆菌分型鉴定及耐药性分析   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0  
为了解贵州省规模化养猪场腹泻仔猪致病性大肠杆菌流行情况及耐药性变化,本研究运用凝集试验、PCR和药敏纸片琼脂扩散法等方法对分离的78株致病性大肠杆菌进行血清型、毒力基因及耐药性分析。结果显示,78株致病性大肠杆菌以O138、O87血清型为主,占定型菌株的60.8%;其中62株致病性大肠杆菌检出毒力基因,检出率为79.5%,可分为8种毒力基因类型,分属肠致病性大肠杆菌(EPEC)、肠产毒性大肠杆菌(ETEC)和肠聚集性大肠杆菌(EAEC),毒力基因eaeA、elt和escV检出率较高,分别为38.5%、28.2%和21.8%;分离到的致病性大肠杆菌对β-内酰胺类药物高度耐药,均为多重耐药株,耐药种类可达8种以上。结果表明,当前贵州省规模化养猪场腹泻仔猪致病性大肠杆菌的毒力基因检出率较高且基因型复杂,耐药性严重。本试验结果可为规模化养猪场防控仔猪腹泻提供基础资料及理论依据。  相似文献   

8.
《畜牧与兽医》2020,(3):69-72
为分析内蒙古扎兰屯地区羊源大肠杆菌血清型分布、毒力基因及耐药性流行情况,采集患羊鼻腔拭子150份,分离大肠杆菌,并采用O血清型玻板凝集试验、PCR法和K-B药敏纸片法对分离的大肠杆菌致病菌株进行血清型、毒力基因及耐药性检测。结果显示, 45株大肠杆菌致病菌株分属10种血清型,以O111、O127、 O38为流行的优势血清型,分别占致病菌株的26.7%、22.2%和17.8%;分离菌株毒力基因irp2、fyuA、hlyA、hlyE、Ler、eaeA、Ehly检出率在33.3%以上,其他毒力基因检出率在4.4%～14.3%之间;分离菌株对氨苄西林、阿莫西林、新霉素9种药物耐药率在53.3%以上,对其他药物的耐药率在13.3%～26.7%之间。研究表明,内蒙古扎兰屯地区羊源大肠杆菌血清型复杂,携带多种毒力基因,耐药性严重。  相似文献   

9.
为了解秦皇地区狐源沙门氏菌的致病性及耐药性,对23株秦皇地区的狐源沙门氏菌进行了研究。采用小鼠致病性试验、PCR检测毒力基因和KB纸片检测药物敏感性。结果显示,3株沙门氏菌均可致小鼠死亡,死亡率为20%～100%;23株沙门氏菌中有21株检测到毒力基因,分别检出2个～8个毒力基因,毒力基因sseC和sseL未检出,其余17种基因检出率为4.35%～65.22%,spvA、hisJ和stn基因检出率较高;23株沙门氏菌对6种～15种抗菌药物耐药,对14种抗菌药物耐药菌株数最多,占比26.09%(6/23),23株沙门氏菌对土霉素、替米考星和复方新诺明耐药率高达100%,对阿米卡星敏感率最高为30.43%(7/23)。结果表明,23株狐源沙门氏菌均具有致病性,并均携带多个毒力基因,耐药情况较为严重。  相似文献   

10.
《畜牧与兽医》2017,(12):97-101
将从病死的牛、猪和鹅肝脏内分离的3株菌分别进行分离纯化、革兰染色镜检、生化试验和药敏试验,对其16S rRNA基因进行PCR扩增、测序、同源性比对,测定其毒力和耐药相关基因。结果显示,3株均为革兰阴性杆菌。16S rRNA基因序列同源性分析显示,2株分离菌与普通变形杆菌同源性高达999%,另外1株与奇异变形杆菌同源性高达100%。毒力基因检测表明,2株普通变形杆菌携带rpoA和fliL,奇异变形杆菌携带hpmA、hpmB、rpoA和fliL,均为编码溶血素和鞭毛的基因。药敏试验结果显示,3株变形杆菌对多种抗菌药物耐药,仅对头孢吡肟等敏感。对其耐药基因——头孢菌素酶(ampC)基因检测结果与药敏试验的结果基本一致。3株不同来源的分离菌均为变形杆菌,其致病性可能与其含有编码溶血素以及鞭毛的基因有关,对头孢菌素类耐药性可能与其携带ampC基因有关。  相似文献   

11.
Physiological changes in the concentrations of biotin in the serum and milk and in the physical properties of the claw horn were examined in Holstein cows. A lower concentration of biotin in the serum and a higher concentration of biotin in milk were found during early and late lactation and during the dry period, and a significant (p<0.05) inverse correlation was found between serum and milk biotin concentrations. A high moisture content and a low level of hardness of the claw horn were found during mid-lactation. Our results indicate that change in the serum biotin concentration probably results from the loss of biotin in the milk of cows during each stage of lactation and also confirm that the moisture content and hardness of the claw horn undergo physiological changes.  相似文献   

12.
Blood and urine samples of 180 dairy cows from 12 herds were examined. Sodium and potassium concentrations were determined in erythrocytes, whole blood, plasma, urine, and glucose concentration in blood: the interrelations were compared. Sodium and potassium concentrations in erythrocytes were 85.15 +/- 11.45 mmol/l, and 25.93 +/- 7.81 mmol/l, respectively. A statistically significant relation was found between sodium and potassium concentrations in erythrocytes (r = 0.3467+++) and the content of electrolyte in blood cells and in whole blood (Na: r = 0.5336+++; K: r = 0.3561+++). No statistically significant relation of intraerythrocyte concentration of both electrolytes was confirmed with respect to the other characteristics (sodium and potassium concentrations in plasma and urine, and glucose concentration in blood). In the conditions of routine laboratory diagnostics in clinically healthy cows, determinations of intraerythrocyte sodium and potassium do not broaden possibilities of evaluating the metabolic state of these electrolytes and cannot be used as the characteristics of energy insufficiency. The cannot replace the analyses performed in serum and urine.  相似文献   

13.
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14.
Echinococcus granulosus (E. granulosus) infection was studied in 151 dogs in two regions of Morocco: 68 dogs in the northwest (Loukkos) and 83 dogs in the southwest (Tiznit). The mean prevalence rates of echinococcosis in dogs were 58.82% (46.23-70.63%) in Loukkos and 55.42% (44.10-66.34%) in Tiznit and the mean abundances of E. granulosus per dog were 75 (59-93) and 547 (504-595), respectively. The mean abundance of E. granulosus in dogs was fitted to a negative binomial distribution by the maximum likelihood techniques to define parameters. E. granulosus was aggregated in dogs in the two regions. The prevalence of infection and the abundance of E. granulosus in dogs were fitted to mathematical models in order to determine if the parasite population is partly regulated by definitive host immunity. The best fit was obtained with the models assuming the presence of immunity. The mean time of exposure to infection was similar in the two regions and ranged from 8 months to about 2 years. The infection pressures (number of E. granulosus) obtained per dog each year were 65 (8-294) in Loukkos and 476 (316-886) in Tiznit. The proportion of dogs susceptible to infection was still high along the life of the dogs in Loukkos, while it was not different from zero in old dogs of Tiznit.  相似文献   

15.
The distribution of iron and copper in the liver and spleen of veal calves was determined in a group of calves fattened with a commercial milk replacer supplemented with 5 ppm iron and in a control group fed the unsupplemented milk replacer. No marked variations were detected in the distribution of iron and copper. A liver biopsy is therefore likely to be a representative sample of the whole liver with respect to iron and copper concentration.  相似文献   

16.
The expression of activin and inhibin has been demonstrated in the hypothalamus, but their physiological roles in the brain remain to be elucidated. In the present study, involvement of activin and inhibin in the regulation of food and water intake was examined. Male rats were deprived of food or water for 12 and 60 hr, and mRNA levels of activin/inhibin alpha, betaA and betaB subunits in the hypothalamus were estimated by RT-PCR. Gene expression of alpha subunit transiently decreased at 12 hr of food deprivation, while it did not change during water deprivation. Food and water deprivation for 60 hr increased mRNA levels of betaA and betaB subunits, respectively. These results indicated that gene expression of each subunit was independently regulated. Injection of activin A (0.5 and 4.0 microg) into the third ventricle decreased food intake. Water intake was suppressed by 4.0 microg, but not 0.5 microg, of activin A. Intracerebroventricular injection of inhibin A (0.5 and 4.0 microg) decreased water intake in a dose dependent manner without affecting food intake, suggesting that inhibin could act independently of activin. Taken together, it is suggested that activin and inhibin take part in the central regulation of nutrient and fluid balance, though further study is needed to determine precise molecular species involved.  相似文献   

17.
The distribution of 5'-nucleotidase (5'-NT) activity in the tissues of the sheep differs from that of gamma glutamyl transferase (GGT). Nevertheless, both enzymes are released into the plasma of sheep which have been infected with Fasciola hepatica or in which the bile duct has been ligated. In a sheep dosed with sporidesmin, a fungal toxin which damages the biliary tract, there was an increase in GGT activity in the plasma and urine but no change in 5'-NT activity. Neither enzyme was released into the plasma or urine of sheep dosed with carbon tetrachloride. In sheep with renal tubular necrosis and hepatocellular necrosis caused by dosage with hexachlorobutadiene, both enzymes were released into the plasma, and GGT, but not 5'-NT activity was found in urine. In sheep with tubular necrosis of the kidney caused by the administration of mercuric chloride, GGT activity, but not 5'-NT, increased in the plasma and urine.  相似文献   

18.
OBJECTIVE: To compare microcrack density and length in the proximal and distal metaphyses of the humerus and radius in dogs. SAMPLE POPULATION: Left humerus and radius from each of 10 dogs of medium to large size. PROCEDURE: Metaphyseal specimens were bulk stained in 1% basic fuchsin in graded alcohols and embedded in methylmethacrylate. For quantification of fatigue-induced microscopic damage, transverse sections were prepared from proximal and distal metaphyseal regions, and length and density of microcracks were determined, using light microscopy. RESULTS: Bone region, age, and body weight were not significantly associated with microcrack density or length. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE: The hypothesis that fatigue-induced injury (increased microcrack density and length) caused by cyclic loading associated with daily activity is greater in bone regions prone to development of osteosarcoma was not supported by data from this study.  相似文献   

19.
Partial maxillectomies were performed in 17 dogs and three cats to accomplish wide excision of oral tumors. The extent of the maxillectomy was dependent on tumor type, location, size, and invasiveness as determined by clinical and radiographic examination and incisional biopsy. The tumor and involved portions of adjacent facial bones, most commonly the maxillary and incisive bones, were removed. The resulting oronasal defect was closed by suturing a labial mucosal flap based on the lip margin to the hard palate mucoperiosteum. The major postoperative complication was partial suture line dehiscence, which occurred in three dogs. All four dogs with benign tumors were free of disease 7 to 34 months postoperatively (median 21.5 months). Of the 13 dogs treated for malignant neoplasia, seven were tumor-free at follow-up times ranging from 3 to 31 months (median 12 months). Five dogs with malignant tumors developed local recurrence 1 week to 10 months postoperatively (median 4.5 months). One cat with a benign tumor and two with malignant tumors were tumor-free at follow-up times of 7, 24, and 27 months. Partial maxillectomy can be effective in treating both benign and malignant oral tumors in dogs and cats.  相似文献   

20.
Absract— Comparatively few intraocular and retrobulbar tumors have been documented in the veterinary literature of the world. Their occurrence, while common, is not as rare as supposed. This series consists of nine intraocular and seven retrobulbar tumors encountered within a nine year period. Criteria as an aid to recognition, and surgical procedures applicable to the individual case, is offered.
Zusammenfassung— Verhältnismässig wenige Fälle von intraokulären und retrobulbären Tumoren wurden im tierärztlichen Schrifttum der Welt dokumentiert. Ihr Auftreten ist nicht so selten, wie angenommen wird. Diese Serie besteht aus neun introkulären und sieben retrobulbären Geschwülsten, die der Verfasser innerhalb von neun Jahren diagnostizierte. Diagnose und Chirurgie der einzelnen Fälle werden besprochen.
Résumé— Les publications vétérinaires de l'univers semblent n'avoir jamias fait grand cas des tumeurs intra-oculaires et rétro-bulbaires chez le chien. On constate régulirèment leur apparition; elles ne sont donc pas aussi rares qu'on le suppose. Le présent article traite de neuf tumeurs intraoculaires et de sept tumeurs rétro-bulbaires rencontrées durant neuf années de pratique. L'auteur explique la marche à suivre pour établir le diagnostic et suggère les moyens chirurgicaux auxquels il faut avoir recours dans chaque cas.  相似文献   

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