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1.
脊髓CGRP在大鼠实验性关节炎形成的发展中的作用   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  
采用鞘内注射降钙素基因相关钛受体拮抗剂－人ＣＧＲＰ片段８－３７探讨了佐剂性关节炎大鼠初级感觉系统中ＣＧＲＰ增多的意义，结果：佐剂前注射ｈＣＧＲＰ８－３７的动物，在注射佐剂后１￣２０ｄ，患肢及健肢皮温均高于对照组；患肢足容积明显大于对照组，并且在形成变态反应性佐剂性关节炎时，健肢足容积也明显增加，但双后肢的痛阈变化与对照组相比没有明显差异，上述结果表明，佐剂前鞘内注射ｈＣＧＲＰ８－３７，使急性关节炎  相似文献   

2.
将行为学实验与免疫组化ＬＳＡＢ技术结合，观察了大鼠在佐剂性关节炎发生发展中及针刺治疗时，脊髓背角降钙素基因相关肽（ＣＧＲＰ）和Ｐ物质（ＳＰ）的动态变化。结果表明，正常大鼠ＣＧＲＰ主要分布于脊髓背角Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅴ、Ⅹ层和利骚厄氏束，ＳＰ主要分布于脊髓背角浅层。注入佐剂后第２天形成急性关节炎时，背角浅层和灰质后联合中ＣＧＲＰ免疫活性物质（ＣＧＲＰ－ＬＩ）和ＳＰ免疫活性物质（ＳＰ－ＬＩ）有所增加；第１４天发展为多发性关节炎时进一步明显增加，而且在灰质后联合中可见ＣＧＲＰ－ＬＩ长纤维；第２８天后随佐剂性关节炎的逐渐恢复而恢复。电针双侧环跳穴可减轻佐剂性关节炎大鼠的自发痛和痛觉过敏，并可预防多发性关节炎的发生，同时可见ＣＧＲＰ－ＬＩ和ＳＰ－ＬＩ增加的反应减弱。结果提示，佐剂性关节炎大鼠脊髓背角ＣＧＲＰ和ＳＰ的变化与关节炎的发生发展密切相关  相似文献   

3.
１日龄雏鸡人工感染鸡传染性贫血病毒（ＣＩＡＶ）后７、１４ｄ，脾脏Ｔ淋巴细胞ＩＬ－２活性明显降低（Ｐ＜０．０１，Ｐ＜０．０５），２１ｄ明显回升，２８ｄ显著升高（Ｐ＜０．０５），３５ｄ后降至对照水平；感染后７、１４和２１ｄ，胸腺Ｔ淋巴细胞ＩＬ－２诱生活性明显降低（Ｐ＜０．０５），２８ｄ后恢复至对照水平。感染后７、１４ｄ，脾脏淋巴细胞ＩＦＮ诱生活性明显低于对照鸡（Ｐ＜０．０５），２１ｄ后恢复至对照水平。感染后１４ｄ，胸腺淋巴细胞集落刺激因子（ＣＳＦ）诱生活性未见明显变化，２１ｄ显著升高（Ｐ＜０．０５），２８ｄ降至正常水平。  相似文献   

4.
１日龄雏鸡人工感染鸡传染性贫血病毒（ＣＩＡＶ）后７、１４ｄ，脾脏Ｔ淋巴细胞ＩＬ－２活性明显降低（Ｐ＜０．０１，Ｐ＜０．０５），２８ｄ显著升高（Ｐ＜０．０５），３５ｄ后降至对照水平；感染后７、１４和２１ｄ，胸腺Ｔ淋巴细胞ＩＬ－２诱生活性明显降低（Ｐ＜０．０５），２８ｄ后恢复至对照水平。感染后７、１４ｄ，脾腺淋巴细胞集落刺激因子（ＣＳＦ）诱生活性未见明显变化，２１ｄ显著升高（Ｐ＜０．０５），２８ｄ降至  相似文献   

5.
１日龄雏鸡感染鸡传染性贫血病毒后，胸腺和脾脏Ｔ淋巴细胞增殖反应分别于１４ｄ和７－２１ｄ明显减弱（Ｐ＜０．０１，Ｐ＜０．０５）；法氏囊和脾脏Ｂ淋巴细胞增殖反应分别于７－２１ｄ和２１ｄ显著减弱（Ｐ＜０．０１，Ｐ＜０．０５）；由此说明雏鸡感染ＣＩＡＶ后，胸腺，法氏囊和脾脏的细胞免疫功能和／或体液免疫功能均明显降低，此外，雏鸡感染ＣＩＡＶ后１４－４２ｄ，体重明显降低（Ｐ＜０．０１，Ｐ＜０．０５），胸腺和法  相似文献   

6.
提高黄牛,杂种牛受胎率的研究   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0  
对２７１头黄牛、杂种牛进行提高受胎率的试验。结果表明：用ＬＲＨ－Ａ处理的母牛情期受胎率和总受胎率分别为５６．６％和６５．９３％，明显高于对照组（２４．４２％和４９．２１％）（Ｐ＜０．０５）；用ｈＣＧ处理的母牛情期受胎率和总受胎率分别为５３．３３％和７２．７２％，明显高于对照组（３３．６９％和５２．５４％）（Ｐ＜０．０５）。  相似文献   

7.
本试验旨在研究饲粮粗蛋白质（ＣＰ）水平对中国荷斯坦奶牛产奶性能、氮利用及血液激素的影响。采用重复 ４×４拉丁方设计,８头经产中国荷斯坦奶牛随机分为 ４个处理。４个处理的饲粮 ＣＰ水平分别为 １２．５６％、１３．９６％、１５．５３％和 １６．９３％。试验分为 ４个周期,每个周期１８ｄ。在 ４ｄ收集期内,全量收集粪、尿,每天测量产奶量、乳成分和干物质摄入量（ＤＭＩ）,并在收集期最后 １ｄ采集血样。结果表明：４个饲粮处理的 ＤＭＩ基本相同（Ｐ＞０．０５）;饲粮 ＣＰ水平１２．５６％的产奶量和能量校正奶（ＥＣＭ）明显低于饲粮 ＣＰ水平 １３．９６％至 １６．９３％（Ｐ＜０．０５）,饲粮 ＣＰ水平 １３．９６％至 １６．９３％的产奶量和 ＥＣＭ 基本相同,其中饲粮 ＣＰ水平 １３．９６％和１６．９３％的产奶量分别为２８．１８和２８．７２ｋｇ／ｄ,ＥＣＭ分别为３２．６４和３２．０４ｋｇ／ｄ;乳成分中仅乳蛋白率随着饲粮 ＣＰ水平增加而提高（Ｐ＜０．０５）;饲粮 ＣＰ水平 １２．５６％和 １３．９６％的乳氮效率明显高于饲粮 ＣＰ水平 １５．５３％和 １６．９３％（Ｐ＜０．０５或 Ｐ＜０．０１）;随着饲粮 ＣＰ水平的提高,尿氮排出量不断增加,乳氮排出量也缓慢上涨,体内氮沉积显著增加（Ｐ＜０．０５或 Ｐ＜０．０１）,只有饲粮 ＣＰ水平 １６．９３％的粪氮排出量明显增加（Ｐ＜０．０５）;饲粮 ＣＰ水平 １２．５６％的血液瘦素浓度最高（Ｐ＜０．０５）,催乳素（ＰＲＬ）、生长激素（ＧＨ）、胰岛素样生长因子 １（ＩＧＦ １）、血糖、非酯化脂肪酸（ＮＥＦＡ）和 β－羟丁酸（ＢＨＢＡ）浓度较高;而饲粮 ＣＰ水平 １６．９３％的血浆尿素氮（ＰＵＮ）浓度最高（Ｐ＜０．０１）,胰岛素和 ＧＨ浓度较高,ＩＧＦ １浓度较低。由此可见,饲粮 ＣＰ水平１３．９６％适合中国荷斯坦奶牛产奶量２８ｋｇ／ｄ或 ＥＣＭ３２ｋｇ／ｄ的泌乳性能、氮利用和内分泌调节。  相似文献   

8.
本文通过给山羊静注大肠杆菌内毒素诱导内毒素休克,探讨内毒素休克时血液流变性的变化规律,并观察山莨菪碱（６５４－２）对其影响。结果表明,山羊内毒素休克时,低切率全血比粘度（ＬＢＶ）和低切率全血还原比粘度（ＬＢＲＶ）明显升高（Ｐ＜０．０５）,血浆比粘度（ＰＶ）和红细胞聚集指数（ＡＩ）均显著增高（Ｐ＜０．０１,Ｐ＜０．０５）,红细胞变形能力（ＲＣＤ）显著下降（Ｐ＜０．０５,Ｐ＜０．０１）,当静注内毒素前１０ｍｉｎ给予６５４－２（２．５ｍｇ／ｋｇ）山羊的ＬＢＶ和ＬＢＲＶ在１～５ｈ显著高于对照组,５ｈ前ＰＶ和ＡＩ值比对照组有明显升高,第７ｈ后与对照组间无明显差异（Ｐ＞０．０５）,且显著低于休克组（Ｐ＜０．０５）,其ＲＣＤ亦趋于正常。提示山羊内毒素休克时血液流变参数明显改变,血液粘度增加,红细胞聚集加剧,而应用６５４－２具有显著改变血液状态,缓解微循环障碍发生。  相似文献   

9.
高碘日粮对蛋鸡生产性能,体内代谢和蛋品质的影响   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  
日粮加碘６５ｐｐｍ饲喂蛋鸡，破壳率减少（Ｐ＜０．０５），饲料消耗降低（Ｐ＜０．０１），采食量、产蛋量和蛋重无明显影响（Ｐ＜０．０５），肝中ＧＯＴ和ＧＰＴ酶活性显著上升（Ｐ＜０．０１），ＡＫＰ明显升高（Ｐ＜０．０５），血清中ＡＫＰ明显增加（Ｐ＜０．０５），ＳＯＤ提高显著（Ｐ＜０．０５），而肝中ＣＤＨ和ＣＫ，血清中ＬＤＨ，ＧＯＴ、ＧＰＴ和ＣＫ无显著差异（Ｐ＜０．０５），ＳＯＤ提高显著（Ｐ＜０．０５），  相似文献   

10.
选用半舍饲的周岁龄青海细毛羊５６只，分为三组，试验１、２组各２０只，对照组１６只。在同等饲养管理条件下，试验１、２组每只羊每日分别添加０．２ｇ和０．１ｇＲＣＦ－３稀土添加剂，进行６０ｄ饲养试验。结果：试验１、２组绵羊平均日增重分别比对照组提高３０．６％（Ｐ＜０．０１）和１２．６％（Ｐ＞０．０５）；平均羊毛长度分别比对照组提高２２．１％（Ｐ＜０．０１）和５．５％（Ｐ＞０．０５）；经济效益分别比对照组提高２５．２％（Ｐ＜０．０１）和８．７％（Ｐ＞０．０５％）。试验１组平均日增重，羊毛长度和经济效益分别比２组提高１５．９％（Ｐ＜０．０５）、１５．７％（Ｐ＜０．０５）和１５．２％（Ｐ＜０．０５）以试验１组的效果为佳。  相似文献   

11.
Pericellular arborization is reported to be the self-regulating structure in sensory ganglia. Although the calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) or substance P (SP) immunoreactive pericellular arborization appeared in the sensory ganglia, there was no available information that CGRP and SP colocalize in this structure. As the attempts to resolve the question described above, the present study was undertaken to identify the coexistence of CGRP and SP in pericellular arborizations of the goat nodose and trigeminal ganglia by double immunohistochemistry. As the results show, CGRP immunoreactivity was present in every pericellular arborization containing SP immunoreactivity in trigeminal ganglia, however, pericellular network containing CGRP or SP immunoreactivity was not present in nodose ganglia. Unexpectedly, a few small satellite elements were observed to contain intense CGRP and SP immunoreactivity at the periphery of CGRP and SP immunoreactive neurones in nodose ganglia. Therefore, these results suggest that CGRP and SP coexist in pericellular arborizations, and that satellite cell as well as pericellular arborization may be involved in intraganglionic regulation of goat sensory ganglia.  相似文献   

12.
Retrograde tracing technique combined with the double-fluorescent immunohistochemistry were used to investigate the distribution and chemical coding of primary afferent neurones supplying the canine prostate. After the injection of Fast Blue (FB) into the prostatic tissue retrogradely-labelled (FB(+)) primary afferent neurones were localized in bilateral L(1)-Ca(1) dorsal root ganglia (DRG). Statistical analysis using anova test showed that there are two major sources of afferent prostate innervation. The vast majority of prostate-supplying primary afferent neurones were located in bilateral L(2)-L(4) DRG (56.9 +/- 0.6%). The second source of the afferent innervation of canine prostate were bilateral S(1)-Ca(1) DRG (40.6 +/- 1.0%). No statistically significant differences were found between average number of FB(+) neurones localized in the left and right DRG (49.5 +/- 1.7 and 50.5 +/- 1.7%, respectively). Immunohistochemistry revealed that FB(+) primary afferent neurones contain several neuropeptides in various combinations. In the prostate-supplying neurones of lumbar and sacro-caudal DRG the immunoreactivity to substance P (SP) and calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) was found most frequently (50 +/- 3.7 and 37.3 +/- 1.9%, respectively). Both in the lumbar and sacro-caudal DRG, considerable population of FB(+) neurones immunoreactive neither to SP nor CGRP were also found (23 +/- 2.6 and 32.8 +/- 2.3%, respectively). In the lumbar DRG 10.7 +/- 1.1% of SP-immunoreactive FB(+) neurones also contained galanin (GAL). In 9.2 +/- 2.2% of the prostate-supplying primary afferent neurones located in the sacro-caudal DRG the co-localization of SP and GAL was also reported. Results of the retrograde tracing experiment demonstrated for the first time sources of afferent innervation of the canine prostate. Double immunohistochemistry revealed that many of the prostate-supplying primary afferent neurones express some of sensory neuropeptides which presumably may be involved in nociception and some pathological processes like inflammation or nerve injury.  相似文献   

13.
The pattern of cerebrovascular substance P (SP)- and calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP)-immunoreactive (IR) innervation was investigated in the quail. SP- and CGRP-IR nerves were relatively a few in the rostral part of the anterior circulation, and very scanty or lacking in its caudal part and the whole of the posterior circulation. A significant finding was that the anterior circulation in the majority of individuals is furnished with a varying proportion of SP-IR nerves with or without CGRP immunoreactivity. There was a good correlation in the expression of CGRP immunoreactivity between SP-IR cells in the ophthalmic division of the trigeminal ganglion and SP-IR nerves supplying the major cerebral arteries. In the quail, SP- and CGRP-IR fiber bundles are usually present in the internal ethmoidal artery (IEA). From these and other findings, it is most probable that cerebral perivascular SP- and CGRP-IR nerves are mainly derived from the same categories of neurons in the primary sensory ganglion via the IEA. The close association of varicose SP-IR axons to the nerve cells in the pial arteries suggests that these intrinsic neurons may play some vasocontrolling roles through the modulatory effect of their pericellular SP-IR axons.  相似文献   

14.
Aims of the present study were to investigate the distribution and morphology of aquaporin 1-immunoreactive (AQP1-IR) neurons in the sensory ganglia of the sheep. Double immunohistochemical staining was applied to figure out whether substance P (SP), calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) and galanin are present in AQP1-bearing primary afferent neurons. The expression of AQP1 was present only in trigeminal ganglion, whereas in nodose ganglion, jugular ganglion as well as C(1) -C(7) dorsal root ganglia no presence of AQP1 was found. In trigeminal ganglion, 15.4 ± 2.3% of Hu C/D-IR neurons (pan-neuronal marker) showed the presence of AQP1. The vast majority of AQP1-IR trigeminal sensory neurons (approximately 69.6 ± 3.3%, n = 5) were classified as middle in size, 28.6 ± 3.0% of AQP1-IR neurons were small and only 1.8 ± 0.6% of AQP1-positive neurons were large in size. Amongst the population of AQP1-IR trigeminal neurons as many as 58.5 ± 3.9% were immunopositive to SP, 30.7 ± 2.3% showed the presence of CGRP and 10.9 ± 0.2% coexpressed galanin. In trigeminal ganglion, SP-IR as well as CGRP-IR (but not galanin-IR) nerve fibres were found in close neighbourhood of AQP1-IR neurons. It is concluded that AQP1 is present in certain neuronal subsets of the ovine trigeminal ganglion; however, the exact role of this water channel has to be elucidated.  相似文献   

15.
The study aimed at establishing the distribution of primary sensory neurons by means of retrograde tracers Diamidino Yellow (DY) and Fast Blue (FB) injected into both the sheep duodenum and ileum, respectively. Many DY-labelled cells were found in both the distal vagal ganglia (DVG) and the spinal ganglia (SG) from T9–L3; on the contrary, the majority of the FB-labelled cells were found in the SG. In the SG, a double immunofluorescence stain was used to reveal Nitric Oxide Synthase-Immunoreactivity (NOS-IR) in association with: substance P (SP), calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP), neurofilament 200 kDa (NF) and isolectin B4 (IB4). The labelled neurons, both DY and FB generally ranged in size from medium to large. The majority of the SG duodenal projections were NOS negative; the majority of the SG ileal afferent neurons expressed NOS-IR. Both DY and FB NOS-IR neurons often co-localized IB4, CGRP and SP, but rarely NF.  相似文献   

16.
Our previous study revealed the expression of substance P (SP) and calcitonin gene‐related peptide (CGRP) in sensory distal ganglion of the vagus (nodose ganglion) neurons in the pig. As these neuropeptides may be involved in nociception, the goal of these investigations was to determine possible expression of vasoactive intestinal polypeptide (VIP), SP and CGRP in the pituitary adenylate cyclase‐activating polypeptide‐immunoreactive (PACAP‐IR) porcine nodose perikarya. Co‐expression of these substances was examined using a double‐labelling immunofluorescence technique. To reveal the ganglionic cell bodies, the pan‐neuronal marker protein gene product 9.5 (PGP 9.5) was used. Quantitative analysis of the neurons revealed that 67.25% of the PGP 9.5+ somata in the right‐side ganglion and 66.5% in the left side, respectively, co‐expressed PACAP‐IR. Moreover, 60.6% of the PACAP‐IR cells in the right‐side ganglion and 62.1% in the left, respectively, co‐expressed VIP. SP‐IR was observed in 52.2 and 39.9% of the right and left ganglia, respectively. CGRP was found in 27.7 and 34.1% of the right and left distal ganglion of the vagus, respectively. High level of co‐expression of PACAP with VIP, SP and CGRP in the distal ganglia of the vagus sensory perikarya directly implicates studied peptides in their functional interaction during nociceptive vagal transduction.  相似文献   

17.
We report upon the distribution of galanin-immunoreactive (GAL-IR) cells in the lumbar dorsal root ganglia (DRG) of the rat, and upon the distribution of GAL-IR cells, which also contain calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP)-, substance P (SP)- and somatostatin (SOM)-immunoreactivity. Neuropeptide-immunoreactive lumbar DRG cells were 55.8% for CGRP, 12.7% for SP, and 6.5% for GAL in lumbar DRG cells. There was no significant difference between the right and left DRGs (L1-L6) for any neuropeptide-immunoreactive cell (P < 0.01). In terms of size distribution, CGRP-immunoreactive cells were identified below 1500 microm2, and SP-, and GAL-IR cells below 600 microm2. Neuropeptide immunoreactive cells showed various immunoreactivities in the cytoplasm according to each neuropeptide. CGRP and SP immunoreactive cells were colocalized with GAL immunoreactive cells in the serial sections about 83.3 and 60% respectively, but SOM colocalizing with GAL-IR cells were not in evidence. The current results confirm and extend previous results, and show that neuropeptides can coexist in single sensory neurones of the rat DRG. In addition, our results demonstrate that the normal distribution of some neurotransmitters modulating sensory action in Wistar Kyoto rat, make this model more prone to develop neuropathic pain than Sprague-Dawley rat.  相似文献   

18.
To discuss the significance of laryngeal sensation on various disorders of the horse, we studied the morphological and topographical characteristics of sensory structures in the laryngeal mucosa using immunohistochemistry and immunoelectron microscopy. Various sensory structures, i.e. glomerular endings, taste buds and intraepithelial free nerve endings, were found in the laryngeal mucosa by immunohistochemistry for protein gene product 9.5 (PGP 9.5) and neurofilament 200kD (NF200). Glomerular nerve endings were distributed mainly in the epiglottic mucosa; some endings were also found in the arytenoid region arising from thick nerve fibres running through the subepithelial connective tissue. Some terminals directly contacted the epithelial cells. Taste buds were distributed in the epithelium of the epiglottis and aryepiglottic fold. In the whole mount preparation, the taste buds were supplied by the terminal branching of the thick nerve fibres. In some cases, the taste buds were arranged around the opening of the duct of the epiglottic glands. The intraepithelial free nerve endings were found to be immunoreactive for substance P (SP) and calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP). These nerve endings were surrounded by the polygonal stratified epithelial cells in the supraglottic region, and by the ciliated cells in the subglottic region. The density of the intraepithelial free nerve endings was highest in the corniculate process of the arytenoid region and lowest in the vocal cord mucosa. The densities of CGRP- and SP-immunoreactive nerve endings in the arytenoid region were (mean +/- s.d.) 30.6+/-12.0 and 10.0+/-4.9 per unit epithelial length (1 mm), respectively and in the vocal fold mucosa, 1.1+/-0.9 and 0.8+/-0.7, respectively. Approximately one half of the CGRP immunoreactive nerve endings were immunoreactive for SP, and most SP-immunoreactive nerve endings were also immunoreactive for CGRP. Well-developed subepithelial plexus with numerous intraepithelial fibres were observed in flat or round mucosal projections that existed on the corniculate process of the arytenoid region. In conclusion, the laryngeal mucosa of the horse seems to have morphology- and/or location-dependent sensory mechanisms against various endo-and exogenious stimuli.  相似文献   

19.
This study was performed to examine whether the brain activities induced by noxious algesic chemical substances in anesthetized animals could be detected by blood oxygen-level-dependent functional magnetic resonance imaging (BOLD-fMRI). Multislice gradient echo images of the primary somatosensory cortex were obtained using a 7.05 T superconducting system and a one-turned surface coil centered over the primary somatosensory cortex of the 1.0%-isoflurane-anesthetized rat. The Z-score t-map of BOLD signals and its time-course analysis revealed that subcutaneous injection of formalin into the left forepaw immediately induced an early response in the contralateral primary sensory cortex lasting for a few minutes, followed by a late response until 20 min after stimulation. In contrast, injection of capsaicin into the left forepaw evoked only the early response. Furthermore, pretreatment with morphine completely abolished these responses induced by the chemical algesic substances. Thus BOLD-fMRI is a useful method to analyze the brain activities of painful stimulation in anesthetized animals.  相似文献   

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