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以3个不育系川香29A(A1)、珍汕97A(A2)、Ⅱ-32A(A3)和8个新恢复系为亲本,按不完全双列杂交模式分析11个品质性状的配合力及遗传力。结果表明:(1)大多数性状的一般配合力(gca)和特殊配合力(sca)达显著或极显著水平,即受基因加性效应和非加性效应的共同控制,且以加性效应占主导地位(2)精米率、垩白度、直链淀粉含量3个性状,恢复系对gca方差的贡献比不育系的大,而不育系在粒长、粒宽、长宽比、糙米率、整精米率、垩白率、胶稠度等性状上对gca方差的贡献比恢复系的大。糊化温度这两性状,恢复系和不育系对gca方差的贡献相近。(3)广义遗传力(h2B)降序排序为:粒长、长宽比、垩白率、粒宽、糊化温度、胶稠度、整精米率、糙米率、直链淀粉含量、精米率、垩白度,变幅在93.36%～38.13%之间;狭义遗传力(h2N)降序排序为:粒长、长宽比、垩白率、糙米率、糊化温度、整精米率、垩白度、胶稠度、精米率、直链淀粉含量,变幅在82.3%～17.32%之间。大部分性状的(h2N)与(h2B)的趋势是一致的。(4)gca效应值在同一性状不同亲本间和同一亲本不同性状间均存在显著的差异,亲本中A1、R8、R7较为理想。 相似文献
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杂交早稻产量性状和品质性状的相关性研究 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
对7个恢复系及其与6个不育系配组的42个杂交组合的11个产量性状间和8个品质性状间作了相关分析，并对产量性状与品质性状间进行了典型相关分析，从相关分析可以看出；高的整精米率，大的长宽比和低的低的垩白度之间有相互促进的作用，所以三者可以同时进行改良，从典型相关分析可以看出：播始历期载荷量较小，所以在一定的生育期内，实现早稻的高产是可能的，糙米率，精米率和垩白度的载荷量较小。它们的改良可以与产量性状的改良同步进行。粒宽和长宽比载荷量的负值较高，我们在选育时要协调粒宽，长宽比与产量之间的关系。 相似文献
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长江流域杂交早稻品质性状的表现及配合力研究 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
在探索我国长江流域杂交早稻品质改良的育种手段，为其品种选育提供理论依据。选用长江流域生产上大面积应用的6个早籼稻不育系和5个早籼稻恢复系及NCⅡ设计配制了30个杂交早稻组合，对各组合的12品质性状进行了测定和分析。结果表明，各品质性状的杂种优势表现普遍介于双亲之间，垩白和整精米率是长江流域杂交早稻品质改良的主要限制因子。12个主要品质性状组合间方差均达极显著水平，存在极显著的遗传差异；各品质性状基因的加性效应和非加性效应对杂交早稻的品质存在极显著的影响。各品质性状狭义遗传力为长/宽>粒长>垩白度>粒宽>整精米率>糊化温度>直链淀粉含量>垩白率>垩白面积>出糙率>胶稠度>精米率。出糙率与精米率,整精米率与糊化温度, 粒长与长/宽, 粒宽与垩白粒率、垩白面积、直链淀粉, 垩白粒率与精米宽、垩白面积、直链淀粉含量,垩白面积与粒宽、垩白粒率、垩白度、直链淀粉含量等性状间存在显著或极显著正相关。整精米率与垩白粒率,长/宽与粒宽、垩白粒率、垩白面积、垩白度、糊化温度、直链淀粉含量等性状间呈显著或极显著负相关。对杂交早稻品质性状之间的内在联系、遗传以及品质改良也进行了讨论。 相似文献
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杂交水稻品质性状的配合力及遗传力研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
《分子植物育种》2017,(10)
为了给杂交水稻主要品质性状的选育提供依据,本研究以三系野败型杂交水稻的恢复系和微核心种质构成的112份优异品种为父本,以四个两系不育系和一个三系不育系为母本,按照不完全双列杂交设计配制了560个组合,分析各组合及其亲本的12个品质性状的配合力与遗传力。结果显示考查的12个品质性状的一般配合力(general combining ability,GCA)和特殊配合力(specific combining ability,SCA)均存在极显著差异,说明各性状受基因加性效应和非加性效应的共同作用,其中在直链淀粉含量、粒长宽比、粒长、粒宽、垩白粒率及垩白度等性状上基因的加性效应占主导地位;在蛋白质含量、糙米率、精米率、整精米率、透明度及碱消值级等性状上则以基因的非加性效应为主。同一组合在不同性状间及同一亲本所配的不同组合的SCA差异较大,最高或最低SCA的组合可来自不同GCA的亲本组合类型,表明亲本GCA与SCA没有固定联系。母本的GCA方差贡献率为0.76%~26.21%,父本的GCA方差贡献率为17.47%~81.94%,在各性状上母本GCA方差贡献率均比父本GCA方差贡献率小,说明各性状受母本(不育系)的影响均较小。直链淀粉含量、粒长宽比、粒长、粒宽、垩白粒率及垩白度的狭义遗传力较高,均在50%以上,可在低世代进行选择。 相似文献
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选用7种不同细胞质源滇型不育系与滇一型保持系及恢复系各5个材料进行杂交,对70个杂交组合的剑叶穗颈夹角、剑叶长宽比、株高、穗长及穗总粒数这5个性状进行分析。试验结果表明,滇型杂交水稻在剑叶长宽比、株高、穗长及穗总粒数等性状的表现主要受不育系母本的影响,在组配滇型杂交稻时考虑不育系多项农艺性状的表现显得尤为重要。 相似文献
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几个籼型三系杂交水稻亲本的配合力及遗传力分析 总被引：13，自引：0，他引：13
选用 7个不育系和 7个恢复系以不完全双列杂交 (NCII)模式配制 4 9个组合 ,研究了 15个主要农艺性状的配合力和遗传力。结果表明 1在株高、粒长、粒宽、长宽比、每穗总粒数、着粒密度、结实率等性状上基因加性效应占主导地位 ;在单株有效穗、主茎剑叶长 ,穗长、每穗实粒数、千粒重、单株产量、相对日产量等性状上则以基因的非加性效应为主。 2大多数农艺性状受恢复系的影响要比受不育系的影响大得多 ,仅少数几个性状 (穗长、粒宽、长宽比和千粒重 )受不育系的影响稍大。3参试的不育系以浙农 80 10 A、协青早 A和全龙 A较好 ,恢复系以 J4 13、明恢 6 3选、95 - 13和 M10 5为较好 ;在 4 9个组合中浙农 80 10 A×明恢 6 3选是一个综合性状表现较为出色的组合。 4各性状的狭义遗传力由大到小的趋势为 :长宽比 >粒长 >着粒密度 >株高 >粒宽 >每穗总粒数 >播始历期 >结实率 >每穗实粒数 >主茎剑叶长 >千粒重 >穗长 >单株产量 >相对日产量 >有效穗。 相似文献
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Kenneth A. Gravois 《Euphytica》1998,101(2):151-156
High rough rice yields are important for the profitable production of rice (Oryza sativa L.). The value of rough rice is determined
primarily by head rice (whole milled grains) and broken rice, together referred to as total milled rice. The objective of
this study was to optimize selection for rough rice yield, head rice, and total milled rice using path-coefficient analysis
and selection indices. Thirty-seven long grain pure lines were grown in an experiment at three Arkansas locations during 1993
and 1994. In another test, twenty-eight F1 hybrids obtained from an eight-parent half diallel of long-grain rices were grown at two locations in Arkansas during 1991.
For the pure lines, path analysis revealed that rough rice yield was approximately twice as important in determining total
milled rice/ha than head rice. Path analysis for the hybrids revealed that rough rice yield was an even greater component
in determining total milled rice/ha. Based on yield components for hybrid rice, panicle density had the largest direct effect
determining total milled rice/ha. Filled grain/panicle, grain weight, and head rice, in that order, were secondary, but positive,
factors determining total milled rice/ha. A selection index for pure lines based only on selection for head rice was 19.2
percent as effective as selection for total milled rice/ha directly. When selection for total milled rice/ha was based solely
on rough rice yield, selection was 82.7 percent as effective as selecting for total milled rice/ha directly. Selection to
improve total milled rice/ha should concentrate on increasing both rough rice yield and head rice. Rough rice yield should
receive greater priority than head rice in selection strategies.
This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date. 相似文献
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水稻种质资源是育种的物质基础。水稻育种要在米质、产量、抗性上有新的突破,除了有新的育种技术外,还要有丰富的遗传资源。国际水稻遗传评价试验网(INGER)的参试材料集中了世界上主要产稻国家和国际研究机构提供的优良种质,来源广泛,遗传基础丰富。广西农科院从1980年起,参加由国际水稻研究所协调的国际水稻遗传评价试验网的国际合作研究工作,到2002年累计从各试验圃获得试验材料15890份,大大丰富了广西水稻新品种选育的物质基础,经试验评价,筛选出一批高产、优质和恢复源种质材料提供育种利用,并育成一批高产、优质、抗病的优良水稻品种… 相似文献
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Analysis of Vietnamese rice germplasm provides an insight into Japonica rice differentiation 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
Genetic differentiation among landraces of rice in northern Vietnam that lie in the centre of genetic diversity of Asian cultivated rice was analysed using DNA markers, and morphological and physiological traits to obtain an insight into the genetic differentiation of Asian rice. Principle coordinate analysis, based on nuclear RFLP data, divided Vietnamese rice varieties into three groups, designated A, B and C. Chloroplast DNA variation discriminated group A, which corresponded to the Indica rice varieties, from both groups B and C, which corresponded to the Japonica rice varieties. Physiological characteristics for Indica‐Japonica and tropical‐temperate Japonica discrimination suggested groups A and B consisted of typical Indica and Japonica varieties, respectively, while the characteristics of group C were distinct from those of the other two groups. This suggests that the genetic differences between groups B and C represent a new aspect of genetic variation that has not been previously reported in Japonica rice. Groups C and B corresponded with upland and lowland rice, respectively. Eight marker loci were associated with upland‐lowland differentiation in Japonica rice. Highlighted chromosomal regions might have been selected during the history of cultivation under different cultural conditions, and thus contain genes related to adaptation. 相似文献
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Areum Chun Jin Song Kee-Jong Kim Ho-Jin Lee 《Journal of Crop Science and Biotechnology》2009,12(4):239-244
Chalk, an opaque area in the rice grain, is an important quality characteristic in rice and occurs most commonly when grains
are exposed to high temperatures during development. Chalky rice decreases the value of rice because of its undesirable appearance
and eating quality for consumers. We investigated the chemical composition, morphological structure, cooking, texture properties
of cooked rice, and pasting and gelatinization properties to evaluate the reason for the deterioration in eating quality of
chalky rice. 相似文献
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Hajime Goto Noriyuki Asanome Keitaro Suzuki Tomoyoshi Sano Hiroshi Saito Yohei Abe Masaru Chuba Takeshi Nishio 《Breeding Science》2014,63(5):489-494
The whiteness of cooked rice and rice cakes was evaluated using a portable spectrophotometer with a whiteness index (WI). Also, by using boiled rice for measurement of Mido values by Mido Meter, it was possible to infer the whiteness of cooked rice without rice cooking. In the analysis of varietal differences of cooked rice, ‘Tsuyahime’, ‘Koshihikari’ and ‘Koshinokaori’ showed high whiteness, while ‘Satonoyuki’ had inferior whiteness. The whiteness of rice cakes made from ‘Koyukimochi’ and ‘Dewanomochi’ was higher than the whiteness of those made from ‘Himenomochi’ and ‘Koganemochi’. While there was a significant correlation (r = 0.84) between WI values and whiteness scores of cooked rice by the sensory test, no correlation was detected between the whiteness scores and Mido values, indicating that the values obtained by a spectrophotometer differ from those obtained by a Mido Meter. Thus, a spectrophotometer may be a novel device for measurement of rice eating quality. 相似文献
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Rice stripe is the most serious virus disease in temperate rice-growing countries. The most economical and environmentally
safe practice for controlling this disease is virus-resistant cultivars. ‘BL 1’ is an elite germplasm line with the blast
resistance gene Pib, and has been used as a differential line for testing the pathogenicity of the blast fungus. We found that certain progenies
from BL 1 showed resistance to both blast and rice stripe virus (RSV). The objectives of this study were to evaluate the RSV
resistance in the field and under artificial conditions, to assess the reaction to the insect vector(small brown plant hopper,
SBPH), and to examine its inheritance and its relationship to blast resistance in BL 1.BL 1 was susceptible to SBPH, but resistant
to RSV in field and artificial inoculation tests. The inheritance of RSV resistance in F3 lines from the cross Nipponbare (NPB)/BL 1 was studied using artificial inoculation with a population of viruliferous SBPH.
A serological assay for RSV infection using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was used. RSV resistance in BL 1
was controlled by a single major gene with incomplete dominance. The locus responsible for RSV resistance was genetically
independent of the blast resistance gene Pib. The resistance gene for RSV infection in BL 1 was also independent of Stvb-i, a gene widely distributed in resistant Japanese cultivars. Resistance to RSV must be diversified in rice cultivars considering
the potential for future emergence of new RSV strains. The new resistance gene identified in BL 1, which has improved plant
type and blast resistance, is considered useful for breeding RSV-resistant cultivars in japonica rice.
This revised version was published online in August 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date. 相似文献
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Atitaya Chumpol Sompong Chankaew Suwita Saepaisan Tidarat Monkham Jirawat Sanitchon 《Euphytica》2018,214(10):183
Upland rice production plays an important role in both household consumption and crop rotation. Until now, a blast resistant upland variety has not been released in Thailand. The bimodal pattern of rain distribution in Thailand’s upland rice production areas create a favorable environment for the outbreak of leaf blast when seedling-tillering, and neck blast within the heading stage. The use of genetically resistant cultivars has proven to be an effective way to cope with this problem. In this study, 256 indigenous upland rice plants were screened for blast resistance under greenhouse and field conditions. Ten indigenous upland rice varieties, ULR292, ULR242, ULR219, ULR162, ULR161, ULR134, ULR109, ULR098, ULR081, and ULR066, were identified as resistant to leaf blast disease in both natural infection and artificial inoculation, under greenhouse conditions. Additionally, six of the ten varieties, ULR162, ULR161, ULR134, ULR109, ULR098, and ULR081, were found to be resistant to neck blast under field conditions. These new sources of blast resistance identified from indigenous upland rice varieties proved more resistant than the check varieties, depicting their potential for further use in Thailand’s rice blast resistance improvement program. 相似文献
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论杂交水稻种子产业化 总被引：3，自引：1，他引：3
目前全国杂交水稻年种植面积1533万hm2左右,约占水稻总面积的一半,而产量则占水稻总产的近60%.杂交水稻生产的高效和持续发展,在很大程度上取决于杂交水稻种子产业化. 1杂交水稻种子产业化的涵义杂交水稻种子产业化,就是将杂交水稻种子从品种(组合)选育到种子生产、加工、销售、推广形成一体化产业,实行产供销一条龙系列经营,发展具有特色的种子企业或企业集团;通过市场经济规律的调节和政府政策的引导,实现杂交水稻种子企业自我积累、自我调节、良性循环、不断发展.杂交水稻种子产业化,是由品种(组合)条件、生产条件、市场条件三方面的要素构成的;良种是基础,市场需求是前提,规模化生产是保证. 相似文献
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Inheritance of scent in rice 总被引：15，自引：0，他引：15
C. V. Dhulappanavar 《Euphytica》1976,25(1):659-662
Summary Inheritance of scent in rice and its association with pigmented characters were studied in T-141 × K-44-1. Four complementary genes appeared to control scent, one of them showing linkage with a complementary gene for glume colour and a supplementary gene for red pigment in apiculus. This group formed part of V (Prp)linkage group of Misro et al. (1966) in which case Pg and P were additions.Pl.480 Project on linkage maps in rice. 相似文献