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为了解浙江省宁波市对虾主养区苗种虾肝肠胞虫(EHP)、虾血细胞虹彩病毒(SHIV)、对虾白斑综合征病毒(WSSV)以及导致急性肝胰腺坏死病的副溶血弧菌(VP)4种病原的携带情况及特点,2020年2—8月采用PCR检测方法,对象山、宁海、奉化、余姚、慈溪、鄞州等地虾苗进行4种病原检测。结果显示:共检测45个养殖场点的南美白对虾虾苗样品268批次,在41批次虾苗样品中检出至少1种病原,整体阳性率为15.30%;EHP阳性率最高(8.96%),其次是VP(2.98%)和SHIV(2.24%),WSSV最低(1.12%);产自浙江本省的虾苗阳性率最高(30.77%),产自广东(21.51%)、海南(11.54%)、福建(6.35%)的次之,产自山东的最低(0),经列联表分析方法计算χ2=13.757,表明虾苗病原携带率(阳性率)与苗种产地之间相关性极为显著;不同病原的携带率呈现不同的时间分布特征,但整体来看,6月病原阳性率相对较高,7—8月最低,均未检出。结果表明,宁波市南美白对虾虾苗存在一定程度的病原污染,其中EHP污染最为严重,产自浙江本省以及6月份的虾苗病原污染率最高,需要针对性加强防控。本研究为宁波市对虾养殖业的病害防控提供了参考。 相似文献
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为了解天津市对虾肝肠胞虫（EHP）流行情况，2015—2017年从汉沽区、大港区、塘沽区、宁河区、静海区、津南区和西青区等7个对虾养殖主产区，采集养殖对虾及饵料生物等样品，应用PCR法进行EHP检测。检测结果显示：在2015—2017年分别检测的79、105、140批次样品中，EHP阳性率分别为56.96%、69.52%、29.28%；在凡纳滨对虾的仔虾、幼虾、中成虾养殖阶段均可检出EHP，但幼虾、中成虾的阳性率高于仔虾；鱿鱼、沙蚕和桡足类等对虾饵料生物携带有EHP。结果表明，天津市EHP流行率呈显著下降趋势，说明严格控制亲虾品质及引进无病毒感染种苗、加强检疫监测等措施，可以有效控制EHP流行。 相似文献
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通过8周的生长实验,研究了两类饲料糖源在低、中、高三个饲养频率下(分别为S1、S2、S3、C1、C2、C3)对南美白对虾(Penaeus vannamei)营养组织和免疫力的影响。测定了不同实验组对虾的生长、体组成成分、肝胰腺指数和免疫相关指标。实验结果显示:(1)投喂频率对南美白对虾的性腺发育无显著影响,但显著影响了对虾增重率、特殊体重增长率、特殊体长增长率和肥满度(P<0.05);(2)投喂频率对南美白对虾的全虾水分、全虾粗灰分、全虾粗蛋白质含量无显著影响(P>0.05),提高投喂频率粗脂肪含量呈上升趋势;(3)投喂频率对南美白对虾肝胰腺AKP、ACP、SOD活性影响显著(P<0.05),对血淋巴中ALT和AST及肝胰腺中T-AOC无显著影响(P>0.05)。高投喂频率投喂下S3、C2、C3组南美白对虾肝胰腺中的AKP、SOD活性显著高于低频率投喂S1组和C1组(P<0.05)。综上,提高投喂频率有利于南美白对虾的生长和提高免疫能力。 相似文献
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试验旨在研究猪毛蒿粉对南美白对虾生长性能、抗氧化能力和免疫力的影响。选取健康、体长约为2.5 cm的南美白对虾2 100尾，随机分为7组，每组3个重复，每个重复100尾虾。空白对照组（A组）对虾饲喂基础饵料，阳性对照组（B组）对虾饲喂基础饵料并向水中抛洒5 ml/L五黄精华液，试验组对虾分别在基础饵料中添加0.5%、1.0%、2.0%、4.0%和8.0%猪毛蒿粉。试验期42 d。结果显示，与A组相比，各组对虾存活率（SR）、增重率（WGR）、肥满度（CF）、肝体比（HIS）、特定生长率（SGR）、均显著升高（P<0.05），饵料系数（FCR）显著降低（P<0.05）。与B组相比，各猪毛蒿粉添加组的WGR、SGR均显著升高（P<0.05）。与A组相比，除0.5%组外，各组水体中氨氮含量均显著降低（P<0.05），除B组外各组全虾养殖水体环境中亚硝酸盐含量均显著降低（P<0.05），各组养殖水体环境pH值均显著降低（P<0.05）；各试验组对虾肝胰腺丙二醛（MDA）含量均显著降低（P<0.05），超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）、过氧化氢酶（CAT）和多酚... 相似文献
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浙江省南美白对虾苗种五种流行病病原检测与分析 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
为了解浙江省南美白对虾主产区苗种主要病原的携带情况,对杭州、宁波、嘉兴和绍兴4个地区的苗种场开展了病原检测。129批次样品的检测结果显示:有4种病原检出阳性,阳性检出率分别为南美白对虾白斑综合症病毒(WSSV)1.55%、传染性皮下及造血组织坏死病毒(IHHNV)20.93%、虾肝肠胞虫(EHP)31.78%、虾血细胞虹彩病毒(SHIV)37.21%,而桃拉综合症病毒(TSV)未有阳性检出。结果表明,SHIV、EHP、IHHNV是浙江省对虾苗种携带的主要病原,需要重点加以防范。从整体分布看,宁波市南美白对虾苗中携带的病原种类最多,且携带率较高,提示宁波市需要加强防控。从苗种来源看,来自福建省虾苗的IHHNV携带率最高,为38.10%;来自海南省和广东省虾苗中存在WSSV感染,检出率分别为2.17%和2.27%;来自广东省虾苗的EHP和SHIV携带率最高,分别为43.48%和41.30%。由于浙江省南美白对虾苗种主要依靠外地输入,而这些输出地区的苗种病原感染率较高,因此浙江省需要加强从这些地区引入苗种的检疫工作。 相似文献
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本研究以南美白对虾为研究对象,探究饲料中天蚕素抗菌肽的合适添加量。在饲料中依次添加不同浓度水平（0%、1%、2%、3%、4%和5%）的天蚕素抗菌肽,配制为6种配合饲料,用以投喂南美白对虾,饲养周期8周。结果显示：与对照组相比,饲料中添加天蚕抗菌肽对南美白对虾增重率、蛋白质沉积率和特定生长率有显著影响（P＜0.05）,高水平天蚕素抗菌肽会抑制南美白对虾的增重率和特定生长率,南美白对虾的饵料系数显著下降,但对南美白对虾存活率和摄食率无显著影响（P＞0.05）|随着饲料中天蚕素抗菌肽的添加水平不断增加,3%组南美白对虾的ACP、POD和SOD含量达到最大水平,与对照组有明显差异（P＜0.05）|随着饲料中天蚕素抗菌肽的添加水平的不断上升,3%组南美白对虾的淀粉酶、脂肪酶和胃蛋白酶含量最高,与对照组存在明显差异（P＜0.05）。结果表明,饲料中添加天蚕素抗菌肽显著提高南美白对虾的增重率和特定生长率,提高南美白对虾的生长发育速度,从而增强机体免疫力,提高南美白对虾的抗病能力。
[关键词]天蚕抗菌肽|南美白对虾|抗病力|免疫功能 相似文献
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本试验在南美白对虾幼虾(初均重5.4 mg)饲料中添加0、50、100、150、200 mg/kg的虾青素,研究其对幼虾生长、成活率、饲料转化率的影响以及虾青素在对虾体内的含量、虾青素在饲料中的稳定性。实验结果表明,添加虾青素的各试验组增重率和特定生长率要显著高于没有添加虾青素的对照组(P0.05);虾青素试验组对虾的成活率也均高于对照组,其中200mg/kg的虾青素组要显著高于对照组(P0.05);对虾的饲料转化率随着虾青素添加量的增加而升高。试验结束后,对虾体内虾青素的含量随着饲料中虾青素的增加而升高,显著高于对照组(P0.05)。同时,含虾青素的饲料室温放置3个月后,虾青素保留率分别为67.17%、74.38%、79.03%、78.29%。本试验认为在饲料中添加100~150 mg/kg的虾青素可以显著提高南美白对虾幼虾的生长率、成活率和饲料转化率,增加对虾体内虾青素的含量,进而提高对虾的抗应激能力。 相似文献
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为了治理受盐碱化影响的弃耕荒地,并充分利用盐碱水资源。本试验利用弃耕荒地改建成虾塘,在盐碱水中放入南美白对虾虾苗进行试养。结果显示,景泰县草窝滩镇试验塘南美白对虾的均产为750 kg/hm2,平均体长6 cm,对虾规格460尾/kg,成活率为11.5%;五佛乡试验塘南美白对虾的均产为937.5 kg/hm2,平均体长12 cm,对虾规格120尾/kg,成活率为60%。试验结果表明,景泰县可以利用弃耕荒地进行南美白对虾养殖,首次在甘肃省成功养殖南美白对虾,为以后甘肃省发展水产养殖业提供依据。 相似文献
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文章旨在评估日粮添加不同水平的酵母提取物对白对虾生长性能、抗氧化及机体成分的影响。试验将800条平均初始体重为1.35?g的白对虾随机分为4组,每组4个重复,每个重复50条,对照组饲喂基础日粮,T1～T3组在基础日粮中添加10、15和20?g/kg酵母提取物（添加量用等量的基础日粮中的面粉替换）,试验共开展8周。结果：与对照组相比,20?g/kg酵母提取物组虾的末重和特定生长率分别显著提高5.33%和2.58%（P＜0.05）。20?g/kg酵母提取物组虾的相对增重较其他组分别显著提6.02%、4.92%和5.29%（P＜0.05）。对照组虾的料重比较15?g/kg酵母提取物组显著提高10.23%（P＜0.05）,同时对照组虾的外型指数较酵母提取物组分别显著降低6.25%、4.76%和6.25%（P＜0.05）。20?g/kg酵母提取物组虾血清谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶活性最高（P＜0.05）,而对照组虾血清丙二醛含量最高（P＜0.05）。与对照组相比,15和20?g/kg酵母提取物组虾血清总抗氧化力活性分别显著提高29.51%和32.17%（P＜0.05）。与对照组相比,10和20?g/kg酵母提取物组白对虾机体粗脂肪含量分别显著提高21.24%和20.0%（P＜0.05）。对照组白对虾机体水分含量较酵母提取物分别显著提高3.67%、4.16%和4.77%（P＜0.05）。结论：在本试验条件下,日粮添加酵母提取物可以改善白对虾的血清抗氧化力,当添加水平达到15?g/kg时可提高白对虾的饲料效率。
[关键词]酵母提取物|白对虾|生长性能|抗氧化|机体成分 相似文献
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Slocombe JO McMillan I 《The Canadian veterinary journal. La revue veterinaire canadienne》1985,26(10):323-327
In late December 1984, 1853 institutional veterinarians and small and mixed animal clinics across Canada were sent a questionnaire in order to assess the status of Dirofilaria immitis in Canada in 1984 and 35% of them responded. Veterinarians reported that 97,794 dogs were blood-tested to check for microfilariae and 1417 dogs (1.45% of those tested) were found with heartworm. Another 34 dogs were amicrofilaremic, but were diagnosed as having heartworm disease, to give the total number diagnosed in 1984 as 1451 (1.48%). Heartworm was reported from all provinces except Prince Edward Island and Newfoundland but most (1310) of the cases were in Ontario. In Quebec, 126 cases were reported mostly from west of Montreal.
Heartworm was found most frequently in companion dogs over three years of age maintained mainly outdoors in rural areas. About 27% of the cases were observed with clinical signs of heartworm disease and 72% had a history of not having left Canada. Southwestern Ontario continued to be the primary focus of the infection.
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Slocombe JO McMillan I 《The Canadian veterinary journal. La revue veterinaire canadienne》1984,25(9):347-350
In late December 1983, 2 800 veterinarians across Canada were sent a questionnaire in order to assess the status of heartworm disease in Canada in 1983 and 26% of them responded. Veterinarians reported that 59 504 dogs were blood-tested to check for microfilariae and 771 dogs (1.30% of those tested) were found with Dirofilaria immitis. Heartworm disease was diagnosed in all provinces except New Brunswick and Newfoundland but most (733) of the cases were in Ontario.
Heartworm disease was found most frequently in companion dogs over three years of age maintained mainly outdoors in rural areas. About 31% of the cases were observed with clinical signs of heartworm disease and 64% had a history of not having left Canada. Southwestern Ontario continues to be the focus of the infection and most of the dogs there had not left the province previously.
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Slocombe JO Villeneuve A 《The Canadian veterinary journal. La revue veterinaire canadienne》1993,34(10):630-633
In late November 1991, 1883 clinics in Canada were sent a questionnaire to assess the status of Dirofilaria immitis in dogs in 1991 and there was a 60.0% response. There were 344,031 dogs tested for heart-worm (HW), 627 were found infected and the prevalence of HW infection was 0.18%. There were 417 dogs with HW in Ontario, 116 in Manitoba, 38 in Quebec, 53 in British Columbia, three in Alberta, and one in Nova Scotia. In British Columbia, all of the infected dogs but one were from the Okanagan valley which, as from 1991, is a new focus of infection in Canada. Most dogs with HW had not been on preventive medication in 1990, and the prevalence among dogs tested and unprotected was 0.59%. That prevalence was considerably higher in endemic areas. Companion dogs, over three years of age and maintained primarily outdoors in rural areas, were most frequently infected. One cat was diagnosed with D. immitis and 33 dogs had Dipetalonema reconditium. 相似文献
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Owen J Slocombe D McMillan I 《The Canadian veterinary journal. La revue veterinaire canadienne》1986,27(9):324-328
In late December 1985, 1485 institutional veterinarians and small and mixed animal clinics across Canada were sent a questionnaire in order to assess the status of Dirofilaria immitis in Canada in 1985 and 44% of them responded. Veterinarians reported that 137,300 dogs were blood-tested to check for microfilariae and 1210 dogs were found with heartworm. Another 36 dogs were amicrofilaremic but diagnosed with heartworm disease to give the total number diagnosed in 1985 as 1247 (0.91%).
Heartworm was reported from all provinces except Prince Edward Island, Newfoundland and Saskatchewan but most (1126) of the cases were in Ontario. Southwestern Ontario continued to be the primary focus of the infection in Canada. From Quebec, 91 cases were reported mostly from and around Montreal. From Manitoba, 19 cases were reported from Winnipeg and surrounding areas. Heartworm was found most frequently in companion dogs over three years of age maintained mainly outdoors in rural areas. About 28% of the cases were observed with clinical signs of heartworm disease and 78% had a history of not having left Canada.
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Slocombe JO McMillan I 《The Canadian veterinary journal. La revue veterinaire canadienne》1989,30(6):504-508
In late November 1988, 1581 small and mixed animal clinics and institutional veterinarians across Canada were sent a questionnaire in order to assess the status of Dirofilaria immitis in Canada in 1988, and 46% of them responded. Veterinarians reported that 181,577 dogs were blood-tested for heartworm disease and 367 dogs were found with D. immitis microfilariae. Another 60 dogs were amicrofilaremic but diagnosed with heartworm disease to give the total number of cases diagnosed in 1988 as 441 (0.24%). 相似文献
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In late November 1989, 1732 clinics and institutional veterinarians were sent a questionnaire to assess the status of Dirofilaria immitis, and 51.7% responded. Of 247,716 dogs tested, 394 had D. immitis microfilariae and 51 were amicrofilaremic for a total of 445 cases and heartworm prevalence of 0.17%. Most (408) of these dogs had no preventive medication and the prevalence among dogs tested and unprotected was 1.01%. That prevalence was considerably higher in endemic areas. Thirty-seven dogs with heartworm had preventive medication. Heartworm was most frequent in companion dogs over three years of age maintained outdoors in rural areas. About 75% of the cases had never left Canada, 26% had clinical signs and 125 were not treated.
Heartworm was reported from British Columbia, Manitoba, Ontario, Quebec, Nova Scotia and Newfoundland, but 383 cases were in Ontario. South-western Ontario was the primary focus of infection. There were 33 cases in Quebec and 24 in Manitoba, mainly found in and around Metropolitan Montreal and Winnipeg respectively.
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Slocombe JO McMillan I 《The Canadian veterinary journal. La revue veterinaire canadienne》1988,29(8):641-646
In late November 1987, 1246 institutional veterinarians and small and mixed animal clinics across Canada were sent a questionnaire in order to assess the status of Dirofilaria immitis in Canada in 1987, and 50% of them responded. Veterinarians reported that 165,428 dogs were blood tested for heartworm disease and 511 dogs were found with D. immitis microfilariae. Another 78 dogs were amicrofilaremic but diagnosed with heartworm disease to give the total number of cases diagnosed in 1987 as 589 (0.35%). 相似文献
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Owen J Slocombe D McMillan I 《The Canadian veterinary journal. La revue veterinaire canadienne》1987,28(8):491-495
In late December 1986, 1224 institutional veterinarians and small and mixed animal clinics across Canada were sent a questionnaire in order to assess the status of Dirofilaria immitis in Canada in 1986; 46% of them responded. Veterinarians reported that 150,989 dogs were blood-tested for microfilariae and 869 dogs were found with heartworm. Another 65 dogs were amicrofilaremic but diagnosed with heartworm disease and one was found with heartworm at necropsy to give the total number diagnosed in 1986 as 935 (0.62%).
Heartworm was reported from Manitoba, New Brunswick, Ontario and Quebec, but most (810) of the cases were from Ontario. South-western Ontario continued to be the primary focus of the infection in Canada. There were 103 cases reported from Quebec, mostly from and around Montreal, and 21 cases from Manitoba, from Winnipeg and surrounding areas. Heartworm was found most frequently in companion dogs over three years of age maintained mainly outdoors in rural areas. About 33% of the cases were observed with clinical signs of heartworm disease and 81% had a history of not having left Canada.
相似文献