共查询到19条相似文献，搜索用时 187 毫秒
1.
2.
豌豆彩潜蝇Chromatomyia horticola (Goureau)是一种重要的潜叶类害虫,近年来,其为害程度逐年加重。本研究于2016年-2018年,在豌豆彩潜蝇发生高峰期,采用五点取样法对北京地区露地植物的潜叶蝇为害情况进行调查采样;并对豌豆彩潜蝇在7种嗜好寄主植物上的种群发生进行了动态分析。结果表明,在北京地区共记录豌豆彩潜蝇的寄主植物9科35种,主要为菊科、十字花科和豆科等寄主蔬菜、杂草或花卉,其中以豌豆、生菜、莴苣、长叶莴笋、苦苣菜、诸葛菜和欧洲油菜受害最为严重。在北京地区,该虫一年有春季和秋季两个发生高峰期,春季高峰期为5月中旬至6月上旬,秋季高峰期为9月下旬至10月中旬,春季为害情况重于秋季。本文明确了豌豆彩潜蝇在北京地区的寄主植物种类及发生动态,对该虫的预测预报以及制定有效防控措施具有重要指导意义。 相似文献
3.
<正>豌豆彩潜蝇[Chromatomyia horticola(Goureau)]又称豌豆植潜蝇、豌豆潜叶蝇,属潜蝇科。主要寄主有大蒜、洋葱、豌豆、菜豆、豇豆、甘蓝、花椰菜、白菜、油菜、萝卜、莴苣、番茄、茄子等超过 相似文献
4.
调查发现在琥汉市花卉上危害的潜叶蝇主要有4种,分别为番茄斑潜蝇、美洲斑潜蝇、拉美斑蝇和豌豆潜叶蝇,其中美洲斑潜蝇和豌豆潜叶蝇为优势种,其寄主花卉有12科32种;并在防治上采取综合防治措施。 相似文献
5.
豌豆彩潜蝇Chromatomyia horticola是我国重要的潜叶蝇类蔬菜害虫,寄生蜂是其重要的天敌。2018年7月,豌豆彩潜蝇首次在西藏地区被发现。为探明西藏地区豌豆彩潜蝇的发生情况及其天敌寄生蜂种类,于2018年-2019年对西藏拉萨、林芝、山南、日喀则4个地区进行了调查采样。结果表明,豌豆彩潜蝇在西藏地区发生程度中等,为害等级达Ⅲ级。调查到被其为害的寄主植物为5科7属7种,主要嗜好菊科和豆科植物。豌豆彩潜蝇的寄生蜂种类包括3科8属12种,其中优势种为豌豆潜蝇姬小蜂Diglyphus isaea、双斑潜蝇姬小蜂Diglyphus bimaculatus和西伯利亚离颚茧蜂Dacnusa sibirica,分别占总羽化寄生蜂个体数的35.71%、28.18%和21.01%,豌豆潜蝇姬小蜂主要来自寄主植物豌豆,双斑潜蝇姬小蜂和西伯利亚离颚茧蜂的发生期最长,7月-9月均有发生。同期,我们在西藏调查发现了入侵种南美斑潜蝇Liriomyza huidobrensis,为此,本文还讨论了西藏地区豌豆彩潜蝇和南美斑潜蝇的寄生蜂种类组成差异和寄生蜂的控害特性及控害效应,以期为制定生态调控和绿色防... 相似文献
6.
7.
8.
在室内研究了豌豆潜蝇姬小蜂对4种寄主植物上美洲斑潜蝇2龄末-3龄初幼虫的选择性和寄生蜂子代生长发育及存活情况。结果表明,豌豆潜蝇姬小蜂雌蜂对不同寄主植物具有选择性差异,对菜豆选择性最强,对番茄选择性最低,斑潜蝇被致死率和被寄生率分别为96.1%、71.4%和73.4%、52.1%;在4种寄主植物上,寄生蜂对寄主的寄生数与致死数比值无显著差异。寄生不同寄主植物上斑潜蝇幼虫的豌豆潜蝇姬小蜂从卵发育到成虫的历期存在差异,在黄瓜上历期最长,为10.21d;寄生蜂蛹期稍短于卵期与幼虫期之和;但寄生不同寄主植物上斑潜蝇幼虫的寄生蜂卵孵化率、幼虫存活率、羽化率无显著差异。 相似文献
9.
10.
11.
12.
潜蝇绿凹面姬小蜂的取食寄主习性观察 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
潜蝇绿凹面姬小蜂通过取食和寄生两种方式致死寄主。雌蜂明显选择成熟的豌豆潜叶蝇幼虫寄生,不寄生初孵幼虫,对初孵幼虫的取食量也比较少。在雌蜂一生中,杀死的寄主总数,取食致死占 59.4％。寄生致死占40.5％。取食致死数与寄主致死数密切相关,说明补充营养对该蜂产卵寄生是必需的。 相似文献
13.
正番茄斑萎病毒属病毒(orthotospoviruses)是严重危害云南蔬菜等重要农业经济作物的病毒病原之一。采用血清学检测、小RNA深度测序以及RT-PCR验证相结合的方法,从云南省昆明市晋宁区的主要作物寄主(番茄、辣椒、油麦菜)、重要中间寄主(鬼针草)和传毒介体(蓟马)中鉴定到TSWV、TZSV、PCSV和INSV 4种病毒,其中TSWV为该地区的主要优势病毒,而PCSV则是首次报道侵染鬼针草。通过对云南番茄斑萎病毒病害重病区作物寄主、中间寄主及蓟马三者进行病毒种类分析研究,明确TSWV为引起云南省昆明市晋宁区作物的主要病毒,TZSV、PCSV和INSV零星发生于不同寄主中。 相似文献
14.
本文对扶桑绵粉蚧Phenacoccus solenopsis在不同水生蔬菜上的适合度进行研究,以期为分析该害虫对我国水生蔬菜生产的潜在危害及综合防治提供理论依据。在室内用水芹Oenanthe javanica、慈姑Sagittaria trifolia、芋头Colocasia esculenta和莲藕Nelumbo nucifera 4种寄主植物叶片饲喂扶桑绵粉蚧,考察该虫各龄若虫的发育历期、存活率、成虫寿命及产卵量。以水芹为寄主扶桑绵粉蚧若虫的发育历期最短,为(26.67±0.64)d;以莲藕为寄主,若虫的存活率及成虫的产卵量均为最低,分别为(55.56±1.92)％和(116.95±24.73)粒;以芋头为寄主,雌成虫的寿命最短,仅为(12.60±6.43)d。扶桑绵粉蚧在4种水生蔬菜寄主上的内禀增长率的高低顺序依次为水芹＞慈姑＞芋头＞莲藕。扶桑绵粉蚧在4种水生蔬菜寄主上的适合度不同,其中,水芹最适合扶桑绵粉蚧的生长发育和繁殖。 相似文献
15.
蔬菜肾形线虫的寄主范围和侵染特点 总被引：4，自引：1，他引：4
肾形线虫Reniforme nematode是为害蔬菜重要病原线虫之一,寄主范围广泛[1-4],分布普遍.通过在广州地区连续三年调查和室内接种试验得知,可寄生于11科29种蔬菜,寄生率高的有豆科、茄科和葫芦科中的各种蔬菜,其中苦瓜、节瓜、生菜、西洋菜、葱、蒜、姜等8种为首次报道。肾形线虫以年青雌虫从寄主植物幼根的伸长区侵入为害,一个侵染点常只有一条线虫侵染,侵染点周围细胞褐变。线虫在土壤中的垂直分布,主要在0—20cm耕作层。 相似文献
16.
JAMAL R. QASEM 《Weed Biology and Management》2006,6(2):74-78
A field survey revealed the presence of Osyris alba L., the root hemi-parasitic weed, with 23 plant species of 14 families found in the central/west parts of the Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan. The host list includes shrubs and fruit and forest trees of high economic value. New hosts were added to the existing list. The most severely attacked fruit trees are Amygdalus communis L., Olea europaea L., and Vitis vinifera L., while the most severely attacked forest trees are Cupressus sempervirens L . , Acacia cyanophylla Lindl. and Rhamnus palaestina Boiss. The distribution and intensity of parasite infection of different hosts were evaluated. This work is the first record of O. alba and its hosts in the Kingdom of Jordan. 相似文献
17.
A total of 25 ornamental plant species representing 10 families were inoculated using three genotypes, each representing one of the genetic lineages NA1, NA2, and EU1 of the pathogen Phytophthora ramorum. Leaves were inoculated using suspensions with two zoospore concentrations and exposure at three temperatures, while stems were inoculated using agar plugs colonized by mycelia. Susceptibility was determined by measuring either the success of pathogen reisolation or lesion length caused by the pathogen. Infectivity was determined by counting sporangia in washes of inoculated leaves or stems. Results from all three pathogen genotypes combined were used to rank each of the 25 plant species for susceptibility and infectivity, while pooled results per genotype from all 25 hosts combined were employed for a preliminary comparison of pathogenicity and infectivity among genotypes. Statistical analyses showed that leaf results were affected by the concentration of zoospores, temperature, plant host, pathogen genotype, and by the interaction between host and pathogen genotype. Stem results were mostly affected by host and by the interaction between host and pathogen genotype. Hosts ranked differently when looking at the various parameters, and differences in rankings were also significant when comparing stem and leaf results. Differences were identified among the 25 hosts and the three pathogen genotypes for all parameters: results can be used for decision-making regarding regulations or selection of plants to be grown where infestations by P. ramorum are an issue. 相似文献
18.
为了明确韭菜迟眼蕈蚊幼虫(韭蛆)取食不同寄主植物对其生长发育的影响,并试图从其体内保护酶活力的差异分析不同寄主植物对其生长发育造成影响的原因。选取4种寄主植物(韭菜、生菜、大葱和马铃薯)饲养韭蛆,统计不同寄主条件下韭菜迟眼蕈蚊卵、幼虫、蛹的发育历期和繁殖力,并分别测定不同寄主饲养后韭蛆的三大保护酶系(超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、过氧化氢酶(CAT)和过氧化物酶(POD))的活性。结果表明:韭菜迟眼蕈蚊幼虫取食生菜后下一代的卵期(3.23d)最长,幼虫期(23.83d)最短;与取食韭菜的下一代的卵期(3.05d)和幼虫期(24.16d)差异显著。取食大葱的发育期(卵期+幼虫期+蛹期)合计最长(31.91d),与取食生菜的差异显著(30.96d),但与取食马铃薯和韭菜的差异不显著,后两者分别为31.87d和31.64d。与取食其他3种寄主的韭蛆相比,取食韭菜的成虫(雌和雄)寿命最长,产卵量最多。取食马铃薯的韭菜迟眼蕈蚊幼虫的SOD活力最低,取食其他寄主的SOD活力之间差异不显著。取食大葱的幼虫POD活力最高,其次是取食韭菜的。取食韭菜的幼虫CAT活力最高,显著高于取食其他寄主。因此,韭菜迟眼蕈蚊的生长发育与寄主植物有一定的关联,寄主植物不同,韭蛆体内保护酶系的活力也不尽相同。 相似文献
19.
The aggressiveness of four Phytophthora infestans isolates collected from wild and cultivated potato species (sect. Petota ) and the level of resistance of nine Petota species were assessed in the highland tropics of Ecuador. For this, isolates of P. infestans were inoculated on whole plants of Petota species in the field and net house and six epidemiological components – infection frequency (IF), incubation period (IP), latent period (LP), lesion size (LS), lesion growth rate (LGR), and relative area under the lesion expansion curve (RAULEC) – were measured during a single infection cycle. Additionally, host specificity was determined by testing for a significant host by pathogen interaction using the same components. The results showed significant differences among isolates of the EC-1 clonal lineage for IP, IF, and RAULEC. Significant differences among isolates were not found for the other components measured. There were significant differences in resistance among the accessions of Petota hosts tested. RAULEC, LGR, LP, and LS were in general more adequate in differentiating among the more resistant and more susceptible accessions but the importance of each component varied with host species. There was slight and inconsistent evidence for the existence of host specificity in some isolates of Petota hosts. IP was the only component for which a significant host by isolate interaction was observed and in most cases the isolates had the greatest aggressiveness on their hosts of origin. 相似文献