Short-term aseptic loosening of the femoral component in canine total hip replacement: effects of cementing technique on cement mantle grade   总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5  

Ota J  Cook JL  Lewis DD  Tomlinson JL  Fox DB  Cook CR  Schultz LG  Brumitt J 《Veterinary surgery : VS》2005,34(4):345-352

OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the effects of different cementing techniques on radiographic cement mantle grade and short-term aseptic loosening of the femoral component in canine total hip replacement (THR). STUDY DESIGN: Retrospective study. SAMPLE POPULATION: Radiographs of 284 dogs that had THR. METHODS: Immediate postoperative radiographs of 284 dogs that had cemented THR were reviewed by 4 surgeons and 1 radiologist and assigned a cement mantle grade using a 4-grade classification system. Dog age and weight at surgery, cementing technique (1st, 2nd, 3rd generation), complications (type and timing), and follow-up time were retrieved and analyzed. RESULTS: Mean cement mantle score for 2nd generation technique was significantly higher than 3rd generation technique and both were significantly higher than 1st generation technique (P<.001). Aseptic loosening was the 2nd most common complication observed with an incidence of 2.1%. Mean time from surgery to last follow-up examination was 122 days. No statistically significant difference in incidence of aseptic loosening was identified among different cement mantle grades or cementing techniques. CONCLUSIONS: Advanced cementing techniques resulted in better cement mantles based on grading of immediate postoperative radiographs, however grading did not predict short-term aseptic loosening. Cementing technique seemingly did not affect the incidence of short-term aseptic loosening of the femoral component for dogs in this study. CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Our study suggests that advances in cementing technique may result in improvements in the radiographic grade of cement mantles. With respect to aseptic loosening of the femoral component, our data only suggest that short-term (3 months-3 years) loosening cannot be predicted by immediate postoperative radiographic evaluation of cement mantle.  相似文献   

Single-Stage Revision Using an Uncemented, Porous-Coated, Anatomic Endoprosthesis in Two Dogs   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0  

BRUNO J. MASSAT DVM  Diplomate ACVS  Diplomate ECVS    RICHARD T. MILLER DVM  PhD  Diplomate ACVP    BONNIE A. DEYOUNG  RICHARD A. SCHILLER  HAROLD M. ABERMAN DVM  MSE  DAVID J. DEYOUNG DVM  Diplomate ACVS  Diplomate ACVA 《Veterinary surgery : VS》1998,27(3):268-277

  相似文献   

Micro Total Hip Replacement for Dogs and Cats: Surgical Technique and Outcomes     

William D. Liska DVM  Diplomate ACVS 《Veterinary surgery : VS》2010,39(7):797-810

Objective: To describe the surgical technique for the micro total hip replacement (Micro THR) system and report clinical outcomes. Study Design: Prospective study. Animals: Dogs (n=49) and cats (n=8) with coxofemoral arthropathy. Methods: Small breed dogs and cats with coxofemoral arthritis were enrolled for Micro THR. Patient data were recorded. Implant positioning and cement mantle quality were evaluated radiographically. Orthopedic examinations and client interviews were used to assess outcome. Results: Micro THR was performed unilaterally (40 dogs, 8 cats) and staged bilaterally (9 dogs) to resolve pain associated with osteoarthritis or trauma. Mean body weight was 7.2 kg. Postoperative complications included prosthesis luxation (9), cup aseptic loosening (1), and sciatic neurapraxia (1). Mean radiographic follow up was 96.1 weeks; 10 joints were followed for ≥3.0 years. Sixty of the 66 (91%) Micro THRs had excellent outcomes. Two dogs (<2.75 kg) were too small for the prosthesis and 4 dogs with unmanageable luxation had explantation. Conclusions: Micro THR is considered a satisfactory procedure for management of small breed dogs and cats with coxofemoral disease unresponsive to medical management. Clinical Relevance: Micro THR is a viable option to treat disabling disorders of the hip. More than 170 cat and small dog breeds, and many mixed breeds, could benefit from Micro THR surgery.  相似文献   

Femoral bone adaptation to unstable long-term cemented total hip arthroplasty in dogs   总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6  

Bergh MS  Muir P  Markel MD  Manley PA 《Veterinary surgery : VS》2004,33(3):238-245

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate femoral adaptation after unstable long-term cemented total hip arthroplasty (cTHA) in dogs. STUDY DESIGN: Clinical study. ANIMALS: Four dogs. METHODS: Paired femurs were examined from client-owned dogs that were donated to a retrieval program after death from causes unrelated to their cTHA. Mean (+/-SEM) dog age was 10.0+/-1.5 years and implant duration was 6.0+/-1.4 years. Implanted femurs had radiographic changes associated with implant loosening and gross mechanical instability at femur retrieval. Femurs were evaluated at 3 levels relative to implant length. Cortical area and medullary area were measured at each level, and cortical porosity was assessed at each level in 4 quadrants and in 3 regions. Implanted femurs were compared with the contralateral non-implanted femurs. RESULTS: Cortical area and cortical porosity were increased at all levels in femurs with unstable implants. Implanted femurs had increased porosity in all quadrants and regions at the proximal 2 levels, and increased porosity in only the cranial quadrant and mid-cortical area at the distal level, when compared with contralateral non-implanted femurs. Corresponding medullary areas were not different. CONCLUSIONS: Significant histomorphometric changes occur in femurs after unstable cTHA. The patterns of periosteal bone formation and endosteal bone resorption support mechanisms of stress shielding and wear debris-mediated osteolysis as factors that may contribute to femoral adaptation and implant loosening. CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Despite popularity and excellent return to function with cTHA, aseptic loosening remains a serious long-term complication. Substantial net bone loss and unfavorable environment with unstable cTHA may make revision surgery less successful.  相似文献   

Femur fractures associated with canine total hip replacement   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Liska WD 《Veterinary surgery : VS》2004,33(2):164-172

OBJECTIVE: To report femur fracture as a complication of canine total hip replacement (THR) and to report the incidence, predisposing factors, treatment options, and outcome. STUDY DESIGN: Prospective clinical study. ANIMALS: Twenty-two client-owned dogs with 24 femoral fractures occurring during or after THR. METHODS: Cemented THR (BioMedtrix, Boonton, NJ) was performed. Medical records and radiographs were used to identify dogs that had femur fracture and to identify risk factors. Follow-up was obtained until dog death or study end. RESULTS: The overall incidence of femur fracture after THR was 2.9%. Femoral fractures occurred intraoperatively, immediately postoperatively, and up to 2196 days after THR. In 17 dogs, fractures resulted from a traumatic event. Osteopathy was present at THR in 5 dogs; all developed femoral fissures during reaming. Three dogs had fractures associated with cortical thinning secondary to aseptic loosening. Fracture treatment included euthanasia (1 dog), strict confinement (3 dogs), full cerclage wires on long oblique fractures (3 dogs), or plate and screw fixation (10 with, and 7 without, cerclage wires). All fractures extended near the distal tip of the femoral stem and all aggressively treated fractures healed. CONCLUSIONS: Predisposing risk factors for femur fracture after THR include osteopathy and iatrogenic fissures created during reaming. Trauma, excessive load concentration, and increased torque can lead to mid-diaphyseal fracture near the end of the femoral stem. Fracture did not disrupt THR implants. Cement fracture exposing the tip of the femoral stem did not affect fracture healing or rehabilitation. Immediate plate and screw fixation resulted in the most favorable outcome; healing occurred in 6-10 weeks. CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Femur fractures that occur after THR should be repaired using plate and screw fixation augmented with cerclage wire when needed. Forces on fissures should be neutralized to prevent propagation and fracture. Owners of high-risk patients (old dogs with osteopathies or previous hip surgery) should be counseled before THR. The prognosis is excellent when fractures are treated correctly.  相似文献   

Limb-sparing surgery in a dog with osteosarcoma of the proximal femur     

Liptak JM  Pluhar GE  Dernell WS  Withrow SJ 《Veterinary surgery : VS》2005,34(1):71-77

OBJECTIVE: To report successful limb-sparing surgery in a dog with a proximal femoral osteosarcoma (OSA) using a composite allograft-prosthetic technique. STUDY DESIGN: Case report. ANIMAL: Client-owned dog. METHODS: A stage IIB OSA of the proximal aspect of the femur was resected in accordance with oncologic and limb-sparing principles. The osseous defect was reconstructed with a proximal femoral allograft and cemented, long-stemmed femoral prosthesis. Soft tissue reconstruction was achieved by suturing host tendons to their respective allogeneic tendons on the allograft. Coxofemoral joint function was preserved using standard total hip arthroplasty techniques. RESULTS: Limb-sparing surgery of the proximal aspect of the femur using a composite allograft-prosthetic technique resulted in excellent limb function. Postoperative complications included aseptic loosening of the femoral composite graft and allograft nonunion, which required revision, traumatic implant luxation, and local tumor recurrence. Limb function was excellent after surgical stabilization of the allograft nonunion but deteriorated after implant luxation 270 days postlimb-sparing surgery. Pulmonary and skeletal metastases were diagnosed and local tumor recurrence suspected 596 and 650 days postoperatively, respectively. The dog was euthanatized 688 days after limb-sparing surgery as a result of progressive local and metastatic disease. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Limb-sparing surgery for dogs with primary bone tumors of the proximal aspect of the femur is feasible with good functional results.  相似文献   

Removal of infected canine cemented total hip prostheses using a femoral window technique     

Dyce J  Olmstead ML 《Veterinary surgery : VS》2002,31(6):552-560

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate a femoral window technique for retrieval of cemented total hip prostheses. STUDY DESIGN: Retrospective clinical study. ANIMALS: Twelve dogs with infection of a cemented modular total hip prosthesis. METHODS: Implant removal was performed by an extended craniolateral approach to the hip and proximal femur without trochanteric osteotomy. The femoral cement mantle was fragmented and removed with simple orthopedic instrumentation by a lateral femoral window that was repaired using cerclage wires. Surgical technique, intraoperative and postoperative complications, bacterial culture results, histopathologic findings, and completeness of cement removal were recorded. Follow-up radiographs were taken 5 to 9 weeks postoperatively. Long-term follow-up information was obtained by client questionnaire. Functional outcome was assessed by scoring ability to stand, sit, walk, run, play, climb stairs, and get into a car. RESULTS: Prosthesis retrieval was performed 2 to 41 months after implantation (median, 14 months). Complete removal of femoral cement was achieved in 10 dogs. A nondisplaced femoral fissure, extending proximally from the window, was an intraoperative complication in 2 dogs. Staphylococcus spp was most commonly isolated (6 dogs) from interfacial membrane samples. Systemic antibiotic therapy, dependent on susceptibility testing, was administered for 3 to 10 weeks postoperatively. There was radiographic evidence of osteotomy healing at 5- to 9-week reassessment. Recurrence of osteomyelitis was not observed. Long-term functional outcome was considered mildly abnormal. CONCLUSIONS: The lateral window was an effective technique for retrieval of retained femoral cement. CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Removal of an infected prosthesis using this technique generally resulted in a clinical outcome comparable to that with ab initio femoral head and neck excision.  相似文献   

Determination of the elastic properties of the compact bone in the femur of dogs     

Behrens BA  Nolte I  Bouguecha A  Helms G  Gerkhardt E  Meyer-Lindenberg A 《DTW. Deutsche tier?rztliche Wochenschrift》2006,113(1):24-27

Total hip endoprotheses are a good possibility for treatment degenerative wear and pathologic damage of the hip joint in man as well as in dogs. However, aseptic loosening of the protheses, especially in the area of the shaft, is still a problem in conventional total hip endoprotheses. The purpose of the present study was to use the finite-element-analysis (FEA), to enhance endoprothetic design and to prevent loosening of protheses. In order to simulate the femur of the dog for numerical analysis, a material law for the compacta in the femur of the dog was developed. The elastic properties of the compacta were experimentally determined by using compression tests of bone samples of euthanised dogs. The results show constant denseness and a constant axial elastic modul in the compacta.  相似文献   

Retrospective analysis of canine miniature total hip prostheses     

Warnock JJ  Dyce J  Pooya H  Schulz KS 《Veterinary surgery : VS》2003,32(3):285-291

OBJECTIVE: To determine the practicality and clinical outcome of miniature total hip replacement (THR) in dogs. STUDY DESIGN: Retrospective study. Sample Population- Seventeen client-owned dogs that had miniature THR. METHODS: Patient data surveyed included signalment, body weight, diagnosis, implant size, surgical technique, and intraoperative and postoperative complications. Radiographic evaluation included angle of lateral opening of the acetabular component, implant positioning, cement mantle quality, and femoral displacement measurement and ratio. Client questionnaire and orthopedic examination were used to obtain long-term follow-up information. RESULTS: Miniature THR was performed to address hip dysplasia and secondary osteoarthritis. In 1 dog, a staged bilateral procedure was performed. Mean body weight was 19 kg (range, 12 to 25 kg). Penetration or fissure of the femoral cortex was the most common intraoperative complication and occurred in 3 dogs. In 3 dogs, there was excessive coxofemoral laxity after reduction of the prosthesis. This instability was addressed specifically in 2 dogs by capsulorrhaphy or capsular prosthesis. Postoperative convalescent complications (craniodorsal luxation, 2 dogs; acetabular cup displacement, 1 dog) were related to surgical errors. Aseptic loosening of the femoral implant was diagnosed in 1 dog at 18 months. Mean follow-up time was 17 months (range, 4 to 42 months). Fifteen of 18 (83%) miniature THRs had good or excellent outcomes. CONCLUSIONS: Miniature THR should be considered a satisfactory alternative to femoral head and neck ostectomy in medium-size dogs affected by hip dysplasia and secondary osteoarthritis. The population of medium-size dogs that might derive more benefit from THR than FHO has yet to be defined. CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Miniature THR is a viable treatment option in medium-size dogs with hip dysplasia.  相似文献   

Measurement of the elastic properties of the cancellous bone in the femoral head of the dog     

Behrens BA  Nolte I  Bouguecha A  Kammler M  Halbritter U  Besdo S  Meyer-Lindenberg A 《Berliner und Münchener tier?rztliche Wochenschrift》2005,118(3-4):160-163

The degenerative wear and pathologic damage of the joints are reasons for total endoprotheses in man as well as in dogs. The main problem is the aseptic loosening of the protheses. By usig the finite-element-method, the total endoprothesis is designed with new features, with the purpose of preventing loosening and being better adapted to load transmission. In order to simulate the femur of the dog for the numerical analysis, a material law is developed. By taking into account the anisotropy and the local density of the cancellous bone in the femoral head, the young's modules are experimentally determined. The measurements are performed by ultrasonic methods on femoral heads of euthanised dogs. The results show planar isotropic cancellous bone.  相似文献   

Intrapelvic granuloma formation six years after total hip arthroplasty in a dog     

Freeman CB  Adin CA  Lewis DD  Ginn PE 《Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association》2003,223(10):1446-9, 1433

A 9-year-old Golden Retriever that had undergone left total hip arthroplasty 6 years previously was evaluated because of constipation and tenesmus. Abdominal radiography and ultrasonography revealed a large intrapelvic mass that was contiguous with a mass of polymethyl methacrylate that had been extruded through a defect in the medial wall of the acetabulum at the time of total hip arthroplasty. Clinical signs resolved following resection of the mass and associated polymethyl methacrylate from the pelvic canal. Results of histologic examination of the mass were consistent with a diagnosis of foreign body granuloma, most likely secondary to particulate debris. There was no clinical or radiographic evidence of aseptic loosening of the acetabular or femoral components, and the mass may have represented a response to wear debris.  相似文献   

Evaluation of Functional Outcome After BFX^® Total Hip Replacement Using a Pressure Sensitive Walkway     

B. DUNCAN X. LASCELLES  BSc  BVSc  PhD  DSAS  Diplomate ACVS & ECVS    MILA FREIRE  DVM    SIMON C. ROE  BVSc  PhD  Diplomate ACVS    VENITA DePUY  MStat    ERIC SMITH  BS    DENIS J. MARCELLIN-LITTLE  DEDV  Diplomate ACVS & ECVS 《Veterinary surgery : VS》2010,39(1):71-77

Objective— To evaluate stance phase limb use after cementless (BFX^®) total hip replacement (THR) in dogs and to relate postoperative radiographic variables to static bodyweight distribution after surgery.
Study Design— Prospective clinical study.
Animals— Dogs (n=35) that had THR.
Methods— THR was performed using the BFX^® THR technique. Postoperative pain management regimens were similar for all dogs. Standing bodyweight distribution (%BW_distrib) was measured using a pressure sensitive walkway and radiographs made before surgery and at 3, 6, and 12 months after surgery. Repeated measures models (with backwards-stepping to obtain the final model) were used for statistical analysis.
Results— Temporally, %BW_distrib to the operated limb increased ( P <.0001; normal by 3 months) and decreased to the unoperated limb ( P =.0001) and also increased to the pelvic limbs and decreased to the thoracic limbs. %BW_distrib to the unoperated limb was significantly less than the operated limb at 3, 6, and 12 months after surgery. Postoperative canal fill and femur flare were significantly negatively correlated with change in %BW_distrib (estimate=−0.24, P =.0413).
Conclusion— BFX^® THR results in normal %BW_distrib to the operated limb by 3 months after surgery. A greater fill of the proximal femur may be associated with a suboptimal outcome.
Clinical Relevance— BFX^® THR normalizes standing bodyweight distribution dogs with hip osteoarthritis. Objective evaluation of THR outcome and radiographic features may reveal factors that could be improved through changes in prosthesis design or surgical technique.  相似文献   

Short-term evaluation of dorsal acetabular augmentation in 10 canine total hip replacements     

Pooya HA  Schulz KS  Wisner ER  Montavon P  Jackson J 《Veterinary surgery : VS》2003,32(2):142-152

OBJECTIVE: To report the use of dorsal acetabular augmentation (DAA) in canine total hip arthroplasty (THA) and to evaluate the clinical and radiographic outcome after a minimum of 1 year follow-up. STUDY DESIGN: Clinical study. ANIMALS: Nine dogs that had THA. METHODS: Ten hips requiring acetabular augmentation for optimum acetabular cup implantation for THA were evaluated retrospectively. The excised femoral head and neck was used as the corticocancellous bone graft for index THA surgeries, and the dorsal crest of the ipsilateral ilial wing was used as the bone graft in 1 dog that had a revision surgery. Clinical and radiographic follow-up examinations were performed at approximately 8 weeks and 1 year postoperatively. Long-term radiographic examinations included use of a standing dorsal acetabular rim (DAR) projection for assessment of graft-recipient boundary. Functional clinical outcome was assessed using direct patient evaluation and telephone interview. RESULTS: One dog failed to regain limb function after surgery. Suspected aseptic loosening of the acetabular cup was observed on radiographs approximately 12 weeks postoperatively. Excluding this single explantation, follow-up physical and radiographic examinations indicated good implant and graft positioning and normal function for all dogs. CONCLUSIONS: Acetabular augmentation permitted implantation of an appropriately sized acetabular cup while maintaining complete DAR coverage of the prosthesis. Nine out of 10 hips had a successful outcome with minimal radiographic and no functional abnormalities. Further follow-up is necessary to determine the long-term outcome of DAR augmentation in canine THA. CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Acetabular augmentation with an autogenous corticocancellous bone graft constructed from the femoral head and neck can provide complete DAR coverage to permit use of an appropriately sized acetabular cup in THA.  相似文献   

Lameness Associated with Coxofemoral Soft Tissue Masses in Six Dogs     

CANDACE E. LAYTON DVM  MS  H. RODNEY FERGUSON DVM  PhD  DiplomateACVS 《Veterinary surgery : VS》1987,16(1):21-24

Six cases of mechanical lameness involving the coxofemoral joint are presented. All dogs had a history of chronic rear leg pain and lameness, and decreased range of motion of the hip. On physical examination, ventral subluxation of the coxofemoral joint during extension was present in three dogs. A radiographic diagnosis of subluxation was made in five dogs. In each dog, surgical exploration of the area caudal to the coxofemoral joint revealed a fibrous mass between the lesser or third trochanters and the ischium, diagnosed as a nonneoplastic fibrous reaction by microscopic examination. The clinical, radiographic, and histopathologic signs were similar to previously described cases of myositis ossificans. Five dogs returned to normal function after excision of the soft tissue mass, and one dog was normal when lost to follow-up 4 weeks postoperatively.  相似文献   

Incidence of pulmonary embolism after non-cemented total hip arthroplasty in eleven dogs: computed tomographic pulmonary angiography and pulmonary perfusion scintigraphy     

Tidwell SA  Graham JP  Peck JN  Berry CR 《Veterinary surgery : VS》2007,36(1):37-42

OBJECTIVE: To compare the incidence of pulmonary embolism (PE) in 11 dogs that had non-cemented total hip replacement (THR) to that reported in dogs after cemented THR. STUDY DESIGN: Prospective clinical study. ANIMALS: Large mixed breed dogs (n=11). METHODS: Thoracic computed tomographic pulmonary angiography (CTA) was performed on all dogs pre- and postoperatively. Pulmonary perfusion scintigraphy was performed postoperatively. RESULTS: PE was not identified on postoperative CTA or pulmonary perfusion scintigraphy. CONCLUSIONS: The incidence of PE after non-cemented THR in these 11 dogs, as evaluated with pulmonary perfusion scintigraphy and thoracic CTA was lower than reported in dogs undergoing cemented THR. CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Based on the results of this study the incidence of PE as a complication of total hip arthroplasty is reduced when a non-cemented system is used.  相似文献   

Femoral bone adaptation to stable long-term cemented total hip arthroplasty in dogs     

Bergh MS  Muir P  Markel MD  Manley PA 《Veterinary surgery : VS》2004,33(3):214-220

OBJECTIVE: To quantify long-term bone adaptation after stable cemented total hip arthroplasty (cTHA) in dogs. STUDY DESIGN: Clinical study. ANIMALS: Fourteen dogs. METHODS: Femoral specimens were collected from client-owned dogs that were donated after death because of causes unrelated to their cTHA. Mean (+/-SEM) dog age was 11.4+/-0.7 years and implant duration was 5.3+/-0.7 years. Implant stability was established from radiographic signs and gross mechanical stability. Femurs were evaluated at 3 levels based on implant length: proximal stem (PS), mid-stem (MS), and distal to stem (DS). Cortical area, medullary area, and porosity were measured at each level. Implanted femurs were compared to contralateral nonimplanted femurs. RESULTS: Cortical area and cortical porosity were significantly increased in implanted femurs compared to nonimplanted femurs. Cortical area was increased at the MS and DS levels, and porosity was increased at the PS and MS levels in implanted femurs. Porosity was greatest in the endosteal region at the PS and MS levels in implanted femurs. CONCLUSIONS: Significant differences in femoral geometry and cortical porosity were detected after long-term stable cTHA. Net bone loss proximally and increased bone mass distally support stress shielding as a important mechanical factor associated with bone adaptation. Distribution of porosity shifts to endosteal regions after long-term cTHA. CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Significant site-specific femoral adaptation occurs in response to stable cTHA and may precede implant loosening.  相似文献   

Radiographic appearance and clinical progress after excision arthroplasty of the canine hip     

R. DUFF  J. R. CAMPBELL 《The Journal of small animal practice》1978,19(1-12):439-449

This paper describes the radiographic appearance of the proximal femur and acetabulum after excision arthroplasty for chronic hip lameness in the dog. An attempt has been made to correlate the various radiographic appearances with the clinical findings. The fate of spurs of bone left at the site of resection has been investigated. A constant finding was remodelling of the acetabulum and proximal femur; the results of this remodelling are described.  相似文献   

Influence of Canal Preparation Depth on the Incidence of Femoral Medullary Infarction with Zurich Cementless Canine Total Hip Arthroplasty     

DAVIDA R. HANEY  DVM    JEFFREY N. PECK  DVM  Diplomate ACVS 《Veterinary surgery : VS》2009,38(6):673-676

Objective— To determine the incidence of femoral medullary infarction after modifying the depth of femoral reaming and filing when performing total hip replacement (THR) using the Zurich Cementless Total Hip Replacement system (ZCTHR).
Study Design— Case series.
Animals— Dogs (n=31) that had ZCTHR (34).
Methods— Thirty-one dogs (34 THR) had ZCTHR (May 2003–September 2006) and with >1 year radiographic (craniocaudal, mediolateral views) follow-up after THR were evaluated for the presence of femoral medullary infarcts. Incidence was compared with a previous study performed before the technique modification.
Results— Femoral medullary infarction occurred in 1 femur (2.9%; dog <18 months at THR) compared with 19.5% before the technique change, a significant decrease ( P <.001).
Conclusion— Limiting the depth of reaming and filing of the medullary canal resulted in a significant decrease in the incidence of femoral medullary infarction.
Clinical Relevance— Depth of reaming and filing the medullary canal should be limited when performing THR using the ZCTHR.  相似文献   

Ellis Pin Complications in Seven Dogs     

ROSS H. PALMER DVM  MS  Diplomate ACVS  DENNIS N. ARON DVM  Diplomate ACVS 《Veterinary surgery : VS》1990,19(6):440-445

Complications developed with the clinical use of Ellis pins in external skeletal fixation in seven dogs weighing 11 to 24 kg. Pins broke at the threaded-nonthreaded shaft junction in six dogs, and there was radiographic evidence of pin loosening six dogs. One pin pulled out causing loss of fixation in one dog. These complications with the recently introduced Ellis pin emphasize a need for further evaluation of its proper use.  相似文献   

RADIATION PNEUMONITIS IN THREE DOGS     

Margaret C.  McEntee  DVM  Rodney L.  Page  DVM  MS  J. Mark  Cline  DVM  Donald E.  Thrall  DVM  PhD 《Veterinary radiology & ultrasound》1992,33(4):190-197

Radiation pneumonitis developed within the radiation treatment field in three dogs with soft tissue sarcomas located on or adjacent to the thoracic wall. Radiographic signs compatible with a diagnosis of radiation pneumonitis developed from one (n = 2 dogs) to two (n = 1 dog) months after completion of therapy. The initial radiographic sign was an alveolar infiltrate in all three dogs. At subsequent examinations at variable time periods after treatment, radiographic findings included: bronchiectasis (n = 3 dogs), alveolar infiltrate (n = 2 dogs), decreased lung volume (n = 2 dogs), and unstructured interstitial opacification (n = 1 dog). Necropsy examination of one dog at fourteen months after the completion of radiotherapy showed evidence of pulmonary fibrosis within the irradiated lung. Necropsy examination of the second dog did not show any evidence of radiation induced changes. It is possible that histopathologic examination did not include irradiated lung. No clinical signs that could be attributed to the radiation pneumonitis were observed in any dog. It appears that approximately 25% of the lung can be safely irradiated to high doses, if indicated, in order to deliver an adequate dose of radiation to a primary tumor site.  相似文献