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1.
In this paper, the capillary rise method was applied to evaluate the wicking property of polyester filament yarns. Effects
of twist, monofil cross sectional shape and texturing on the wicking height were discussed in details. The results indicated
that with the increase of twist level, the wicking height ascends until reaching the maximum height, and then descends. It
is also observed that under the same twist level, the wicking height of the five-leaf low-stretch yarn is the largest among
all those three kinds of yarns, and then is that of the conventional low-stretch yarn. The wicking height of the parallel-drawn
yarn is the smallest. 相似文献
2.
F. Hajiani A. A. Ghareaghaji Ali. A. A. Jeddi S. H. Amirshahi F. Mazaheri 《Fibers and Polymers》2014,15(9):1966-1976
In view of the interest in wicking properties of these flexible structures, analysis of the wicking phenomena in nylon 6.6 nanofiber yarns is carried out by considering the twist rate effects. A novel method is used based on adding a pH-sensitive dye to yarn interstructure and the analysis of color alteration of nanofiber yarn structure, resulting from a shift in pH, during the capillary rise of distilled water. The results show that the addition of pH- sensitive dye has no influence on the average nanofiber diameter and the wicking behavior of yarns. This study shows that in short durations, the kinetic of the capillary rise follows the Lucas-Washburn equation. The Lambertw, a mathematical function, has been incorporated, which helps measure an equivalent structural factor of nanofiber yarns and vertical wicking height at any given time considering the gravitational effects. The statistical results show that the average of equilibrium wicking height and capillary rise rate coefficient tend to decrease with increasing the nanofiber yarn twist, due to the reduction of continuity and size of capillaries. 相似文献
3.
The present paper reports the interaction effect of yarn twist, yarn count and number of plies on wicking behaviour of plied
cotton yarn. A three-variable factorial design technique proposed by Box & Behnken was used to investigate the combined interaction
effect of the above variables. Both the vertical as well as horizontal wicking experiments were carried out with liquids of
varying surface tensions, like distilled water, saline water and petrol. Each wick samples were subjected to nine different
types of wicking related tests. The yarn count and number of plies in the cotton wick was found to play major role in wicking
related properties, whereas the effect of twist in plied cotton wick was not that prominent when the twist per unit length
of single and plied yarns were the same and in opposite direction. The rate of vertical wicking for saline water was found
to be significantly lower than that of distilled water. The rate of horizontal wicking for distilled water was less than that
of vertical wicking of distilled water. Use two or three parallel strands instead of one resulted in marked increase of vertical
wicking. 相似文献
4.
Gaye Yolacan 《Fibers and Polymers》2009,10(5):625-635
The effects of alkali (aqueous NaOH and KOH solutions) pre-treatment on dye exhaustion, color values, color fastness, tensile and surface properties of lyocell yarns were investigated. Dye exhaustion and color yield of lyocell yarns increased by increasing alkali concentrations. The lyocell yarns showed weight loss due to the decrease in carboxyl groups during alkali pre-treatment. The tensile strengths of lyocell yarns decreased with the increase of alkali concentrations because of the decrement of yarn diameter by weight loss the open twist spirals, and the increased volume of lyocell yarns after alkali pre-treatment. The washing and perspiration fastness results of untreated lyocell yarns were better than alkali pre-treated lyocell yarns, while the light fastness results of untreated and alkali pre-treated samples were similar. 相似文献
5.
The effect of strand spacing and twist multiplier on strength of Siro-spun yarns with reference to the yarn structural parameters
was investigated. Of the various structural parameters for staple yarns, fiber migration has a crucial influence on the yarn
strength, which in turn to a considerable extent is influenced by the strand spacing and twist multiplier. Achieving the objectives
of this research, the yarns were produced from lyocell fibers at five strand spacings and four different twist multipliers.
Tracer fiber technique combined with image analysis were utilized to study the yarn migration parameters. Afterwards, the
yarns were subjected to uniaxial loading by a CRE tensile tester. The measured results are presented in forms of diagrams
and tables. The findings reveal that, as strand spacing is increased, yarn tenacity increases up to strand spacing of 8 mm
beyond which it reduces. Analysis of the results indicates that the higher tenacity values at the strand spacing of 8 mm can
be attributed to the higher mean fiber position, higher migration factor, higher proportion of broken fibers and lower hairiness. 相似文献
6.
In this work, a series of cotton carded ring-spun yarns of different counts and different twist multipliers is prepared and the mass distribution along the yarns is studied as a random process. The mass autocorrelation coefficients of the coarser yarns are found to be higher as compared to those of the finer yarns and this difference is found to be low at lower twist multiplier of the yarns. The decay of mass autocorrelation at higher distances along the yarns is explained by a double exponential autocorrelation function which raises the probable existence of two highly different random effects that are acting additively on the yarns to decrease the mass autocorrelation at higher distances along the yarns. The finer yarn exhibits faster decay of mass autocorrelation than the coarser yarn, but this difference is low at lower twist multiplier of the yarns. 相似文献
7.
The effect of spinning parameters on core-spun yarns properties manufactured using three-strand modified method (TSMM) was analyzed. Of the various spinning parameters, strand spacing, yarn linear density and yarn twist have a crucial effect on core-spun yarn properties. To achieve the objectives of this research, general physical properties of core-spun yarns together with existing standards were thoroughly studied. First of all, the strand spacing and yarn linear density were optimized. Afterwards, the effects of variation of yarn twist and sheath roving linear density on core-spun yarns properties were investigated. Finally, the physical and mechanical properties of TSMM yarns were compared with those of siro and conventional ring core-spun yarns counterparts. It was found that, the best strand spacing and yarn linear density to produce core-spun yarns are 8 mm and 45 tex, respectively. Results showed that, tenacity of TSMM yarns increases up to a certain twist level beyond which it reduces. The result confirmed that 45 tex yarns produced by three rovings of the same count are superior with regards to tenacity and hairiness. The optimized yarns produced by three-strand modified method enjoy superior physical and mechanical properties in comparison to the ring and siro core-spun yarns. 相似文献
8.
Dimensional constants (k values) of single jersey fabrics made from LincLITE® and conventional yarns are calculated under dry, steam, full relaxation treatments. Fabrics were made under different tightness factors such as high, medium and low with different twist factors, twist directions and feeder blending. LincLITE® yarns made to get soft and bulkier effects with yarn count of 39 tex and conventional yarns made into 39 tex and 48 tex yarn counts. Various effects on K values are analysed using correlation coefficients. K-values are increased with relaxation progression and have shown some differences between in LincLITE® and conventional fabrics, and feeder blended fabrics. Loop shape factor is highly affected by tightness factor, relaxation and feeder blending in LincLITE® fabrics, whereas twist factor not significantly effects on loop shape factor in conventional fabrics. Stitch density significantly increases with relaxation in conventional fabrics and no significant effect shows with LincLITE® fabrics. 相似文献
9.
The effect of blend percentage on comfort and handle related properties of fabrics made from polyester/viscose blended air-jet
textured yarn weft were studied and the results were compared with fabrics made from polyester/viscose ring-spun yarn wefts
of similar linear densities. It is observed that with increase in polyester content in the blend, the air permeability and
water vapour permeability reduces whereas thermal resistance, transverse wicking and shear rigidity increases both in ring-spun
yarn and textured yarn fabrics and bending rigidity increases in textured yarn fabrics. Textured yarn fabrics exhibit lower
air permeability and extensibility, higher thermal resistance, relative water vapour permeability, transverse wicking values
and bending rigidity as compared to the ring-spun yarn fabrics. 相似文献
10.
Mine Akgun 《Fibers and Polymers》2014,15(2):405-413
The effects of some yarn properties (i.e. type, count, twist level, ply number, unevenness and crimp) and fabric constructional properties (i.e. cover, thickness and balance) on surface roughness values of cotton woven fabrics were investigated. A general overview of the results showed that surface roughness values of fabrics were affected from yarn and fabric properties and the effects were related to fabric balance, fabric cover (not cover factor), fabric thickness and crimp values of yarns in fabric structures. Surface roughness values of fabrics decreased as yarn fineness and yarn twist levels increased but as yarn ply number decreased. Also, surface roughness values gradually decreased from open-end yarn constituting fabrics to combed yarn constituting fabrics. Results showed that different properties of yarns caused changes in yarn crimps in fabric structure and also governed the changes in fabric balance, as well as changes in roughness of fabric surfaces. The changing properties of yarns and impact of these properties on fabric construction affected the formation of cotton fabric surfaces from smooth to coarse. 相似文献
11.
This paper focuses on the assessment of the relation among constructional properties, fractional reflectances and cover factors
of fabrics woven from polyester yarns. A novel equation for the calculation of the relation between fractional reflectance
and fabric cover factor was proposed and the usage of the equation was assessed by reflectance measurements. 48 polyester
fabrics having different constructional parameters were used and the fabrics differed from each other by their cover factors.
The warp yarn type and count, warp density and warp yarn twist were the same but weft yarn count, weft yarn fiber count and
weft density were different for the fabrics in the experimental sub-groups. The reflectance measurements were conducted on
the pretreated but undyed fabric samples as well as on the individual yarn systems of the same fabrics. Fabrics with the same
cover factors exhibited different fractional reflectances. Reflectances were found to be dependent on the cover factor as
well as on yarn fiber fineness, yarn count, yarn density and fabric weave. The changes in crimp of the yarns according to
different construction parameters also governed the changes in fractional reflectances of fabric surfaces. The proposed equation
was tested according to different fabric construction parameters and it was concluded that fiber fineness and weave pattern
were among the most important parameters which govern the total light reflectances from the fabric surfaces, although they
are not incorporated in the calculation of the fabric cover factors. The proposed equation was used to explain the effects
of these components on the reflectance behavior of the fabric surfaces and on fabric cover. 相似文献
12.
This study examined the effects of the total porosity, pore size, and cover factor on the moisture and thermal permeability of woven fabrics made from DTY (draw textured yarns) and ATY (air jet textured yarns) composite yarns with hollow PET (polyethylene terephthalate) yarns. The wicking of the hollow composite yarn fabrics was found to be superior to that of the high twisted yarn fabrics, which may be due to the high porosity in the hollow composites yarns, but this was not related to the cover factor. The drying characteristics of the hollow composite yarn fabric with high porosity were inferior compared to the high twisted yarn fabrics due to the large amounts of liquid water in the large pores, which resulted in a longer drying time of the fabric. The thermal conductivity of the hollow composite yarn fabrics decreased with increasing measured pore diameter due to the bulky yarn structure. The effects of the hollowness of the yarn on the thermal conductivity were more dominant than those of the yarn structural parameters. The air permeability increased with increasing measured pore diameter but the effects of the cover factor on the air permeability were not observed in the hollow composite yarn fabrics. The effects of porosity on the moisture and thermal permeability of the woven fabrics made from the hollow composite filaments were found to be critical, i.e., wicking and air permeability increase with increasing porosity. In addition, the drying rate increased with increasing porosity and the thermal conductivity decreased with increasing pore diameter, but were independent of the cover factor. 相似文献
13.
This paper focuses on the reflectance prediction of colored (unicolored) fabrics considering relationship between fractional reflectance values and cover factors of fabrics woven from polyester yarns. A novel equation for the calculation of relation between fractional reflectance and cover factor was proposed and usage of the equation was assessed by reflectance measurements. 48 dyed polyester fabrics having different constructional parameters were used and fabrics differed from each other by their cover factors. Warp yarn type and count, warp density and warp yarn twist were the same but weft yarn count, weft yarn fiber count and weft density were different for the fabrics in experimental sub-groups. The reflectance measurements were conducted on the dyed fabric samples as well as on the individual yarn systems (warp and weft) of the same fabrics. The proposed equation was tested according to different fabric constructional parameters and reasonable results with the experimental data were obtained. The possibilities of general use of derived mathematical relations between theoretical and measured reflectance values were researched. The relation obtained was used to explain the effects of different constructional parameters on reflectance behavior of fabric surfaces. 相似文献
14.
The mechanical and physical properties of spun yarns and fabrics depend not only on properties of constituent fibers, but also the yarn structure characterized by geometrical arrangement of fibers in the yarn body. Although there are many studies related to analyzing the migratory properties of spun yarns, there are no studies available about predicting yarn migration parameters. Therefore, the main aim of this research is to introduce a new approach to predict migratory properties of different kinds of spun yarns, namely siro, solo, compact and conventional ring-spun yarns. To achieve the objectives of the research, general physical and mechanical properties of spun yarns together with existing standards were thoroughly studied. Spun yarn migratory properties were predicted using intelligent technique of artificial neural network (ANN). Results signified that the ANN models can predict precisely the yarn migratory properties on the basis of a series of yarn physical and mechanical properties. 相似文献
15.
Structural analysis of finer cotton yarns produced by conventional and modified ring spinning system
Yarn structure plays an important role in determining the properties of spun yarns. Recently, a modified spinning technique has been developed for producing a low torque and soft handle singles yarn by modifying the fiber arrangement in a yarn. Comparative studies revealed that the finer modified yarns possess significantly higher strength and lower hairiness over the conventional yarns of the same twist level, implying a different structure of finer modified yarn. Thus this paper aims to quantitatively study the structures of the finer conventional and modified cotton yarn (80 Ne) produced at the same twist level. Various measuring techniques, namely the Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM), cross section technique and tracer fiber technique, are adopted to analyze their structural characteristics, including fiber configuration, fiber spatial orientation angle, fiber packing density, yarn surface appearance, and fiber migration behavior. Results showed that finer modified yarns exhibit a smoother surface and much more compact structure with less hairiness. The fibers in the finer modified yarn have a complicated fiber path with relatively lower fiber radial position, larger migration frequency and magnitudes. In addition, it was noted that 73% of fibers in the finer conventional yarn follow concentric conical helix, which is contrary to those in the coarser conventional yarn. The analyses conducted in this paper provide deep insights into the mechanism of modified spinning technique and evidential explanations on the difference of properties between the finer conventional and modified yarns. 相似文献
16.
In this study, an analysis on the breaking elongation mechanism of the polyester/viscose blended open-end rotor spun yarns
has been carried out. In addition, a back propagation multi layer perceptron (MLP) network and a mixture process crossed regression
model with two mixture components (polyester and viscose blend ratios) and two process variables (yarn count and rotor speed)
are developed to predict the breaking elongation of polyester/viscose blended open-end rotor spun yarns. Seven different blend
ratios of polyester/viscose slivers are produced and these slivers are manufactured with four different rotor speed and four
different yarn counts in rotor spinning machine. In conclusion, ANN and statistical model both have given satisfactory predictions;
however, the predictions of ANN gave relatively more reliable results than those of statistical models. Since the prediction
capacity of statistical models is also obtained as satisfactory, it can also be used for breaking elongation (%) prediction
of yarns because of its simplicity and non-complex structure. In addition, it is also found in this study that yarn count,
rotor speed and breaking elongation of polyester-viscose fibers and the blend ratios of these fibers in the yarn have major
effects on yarn breaking elongation. 相似文献
17.
The effect of cashmere yarn twist, knitted fabric density, and cashmere properties on pilling rates of cashmere knitted fabric
is investigated in this paper. The experimental results show that yarn twist and fabric density have little influence on pilling
rates of cashmere knitted fabric for yarn 38.4 tex/2 when yarn twist varies from 234 T/m to 272 T/m, and the fabric density
is 9.7, 10.7, and 11.2 yarns/inch, respectively. The length of cashmere fiber, in particular less than 7.5 mm, is responsible
for the pilling rates of cashmere knitted fabric based on optimal scaling regression analysis. 相似文献
18.
19.
This paper reports the effects of bleaching of alpaca tops and dyeing of bleached alpaca tops/yarns on the quality of tops
and yarns. A dark brown alpaca top was bleached with hydrogen peroxide. Two bleaching methods were tried for effectiveness
of color removal. A portion of each bleached top was dyed after bleaching. Color parameters were examined for unbleached,
bleached and bleached/dyed tops, these tops were then converted into yarns of different twist levels and counts using a worsted
spinning system. Some of the bleached yarn from each bleaching method was dyed in a package dye vat to compare the difference
of top dyeing versus yarn package dyeing on yarn quality. Fiber diameter, yarn strength, yarn evenness, yarn hairiness and
fiber degradation were tested to examine the effects of bleaching and dyeing on these properties at top and yarn stages. A
processing route for bleaching and dyeing alpaca fiber was recommended. 相似文献
20.
This paper assesses the color difference and color strength values (K/S) obtained for eight disperse-dyed polyester fabric samples with different fabric construction parameters (weft yarn type,
weft yarn count, weft density and fabric weave) after four sets of abrasion cycles. Warp yarn type and count, warp density,
and warp yarn twist are the same for all fabrics. Fabric samples are dyed in a commercial red disperse dye (C.I. Disperse
Red 74:1) and four different abrasion cycles (2500, 5000, 7500, 10000) are used. TheK/S values of the abraided fabrics and color difference values between the control fabric (dyed but not abraided) and abraded
fabrics are calculated. The main differences in theK/S and color difference values are observed between 0–2500 abrasion cycles. The high tenacity of the polyester fibers and continuous
polyester yarns causes some fuzz but no pilling formation on the fabric surface that lead to increasedK/S values and color differences. Fiber dullness, yarn thickness, yarn density and fabric weave are concluded to have different
effects on the appearance after abrasion. 相似文献