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本文采用饱和盐水漂浮法对徐州市郊区散养奶牛消化系统寄生虫进行了初步调查.粪检结果表明该地区散养奶牛消化系统寄生虫的总感染率为83.19%(94/113),所获寄生虫13种,隶属于10科13属.通过对各种寄生虫的感染率,不同调查点、不同年龄奶牛寄生虫的感染率及混合感染情况等进行分析,认为徐州市郊散养奶牛寄生虫感染率高,混合感染普遍,应加强寄生虫防治. 相似文献
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目的：为了解巴音布鲁克散养马消化道寄生虫的感染情况。方法：采用寄生虫病病原（粪便）常规检查法及EPG检查法对该地区的散马消化道寄生虫进行调查。结果：消化道寄生虫总感染率为81.67%（98/120）；其中线虫感染率为75.83%（91/120），球虫感染率为15.83%（19/120），大部分为混合感染。经EPG调查，每克马粪便平均感染525个虫卵。结论：经本实验对随机采样的巴音布鲁克散养马体内寄生虫有了初步了解，对以后长年考察该镇马寄生虫的感染情况及当地散养马业的健康发展提供了科学依据。 相似文献
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肉牛肠道寄生虫感染情况调查 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
为了解南乐县肉牛寄生虫感染情况,笔者随机选取4个规模化肉牛养殖场的共226份粪样进行寄生虫感染情况调查。结果共检出4种寄生虫的虫卵和卵囊,其中原虫2种(球虫、隐孢子虫),线虫2种（类圆线虫、鞭虫）。检测结果发现162份粪便样品为寄生虫阳性,寄生虫总感染率为71.68％(162／226),4个肉牛场的隐孢子虫平均感染率为4.42％,球虫平均感染率为51.12％,鞭虫平均感染率为15.84％,类圆线虫平均感染率为15.49％。本次调查发现肉牛寄生虫混合感染现象比较严重,混合感染的病例占总感染病例的63.58％,其中球虫、鞭虫和类圆线虫混合感染的病例占总感染病例的34.56％。调查还发现肉牛寄生虫感染率呈现随着年龄的增加而降低的趋势。 相似文献
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绵羊肠道寄生虫感染情况调查 总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1
为了解河南省绵羊肠道寄生虫感染情况,应用寄生虫常规检测方法对5个规模化养羊场共1265份粪样进行了寄生虫感染情况调查。结果显示,共检出虫卵和卵囊5类,其中原虫2类(球虫、隐孢子虫)、线虫2类（类圆线虫、鞭虫）、绦虫1类。本次调查中共发现1178份粪便样品为寄生虫阳性,寄生虫总感染率为93.12％(1178／1265),5个绵羊场的隐孢子虫平均感染率为3.10％,球虫平均感染率为88.94％,鞭虫平均感染率为10.83％,类圆线虫平均感染率为59.11％,绦虫平均感染率为43.96%。本次调查发现绵羊寄生虫混合感染现象比较严重,其中球虫、绦虫和类圆线虫混合感染的比例达到60.10％;绵羊寄生虫感染率呈现随着年龄的增长而减少的趋势。 相似文献
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齐青丽 《青海畜牧兽医杂志》2013,43(5)
为了解同德地区羊寄生虫感染情况,为当地家畜寄生虫病防治提供科学依据.2010年4月对同德县秀麻乡、河北乡的羊寄生虫感染情况进行了调查.采用家畜寄生虫学完全剖检法剖检羊10只,寄生虫感染率为100％.结果表明:该地区羊混合感染多种寄生虫,感染率高的寄生虫有细颈线虫、马歇尔线虫、细颈囊尾蚴、棘球蚴、绵羊虱蝇. 相似文献
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为了解河南省槐山羊肠道寄生虫的感染情况,应用寄生虫常规检测方法对周口市某规模化养羊场150份粪样进行寄生虫感染情况调查。结果共检出5类虫卵和卵囊,其中原虫2类（球虫、隐孢子虫）、线虫2类（类圆线虫、鞭虫）、绦虫1类。调查150份粪便样品全部为寄生虫阳性,寄生虫总感染率为100％,其中隐孢子虫感染率为5．33％,球虫的感染率为100％,鞭虫的感染率为10．67％,类圆线虫的感染率为57．33％,绦虫的感染率为44．67％。调查结果说明槐山羊肠道寄生虫混合感染现象较严重,寄生虫感染率呈随着年龄增长而降低的趋势。 相似文献
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目的为了摸清安徽省淮南市毛集区山羊消化系统寄生虫病的流行及危害情况，有效的指导该区山羊消化系统寄生虫病的防治工作。方法选取3个调查点，收集山羊的新鲜粪便，采用饱和盐水漂浮法和尼龙筛兜淘洗法获取虫卵，显微镜下进行形态学鉴定，并计算感染强度。根据检查结果，选择药物进行驱虫，观察驱虫效果。结果该区山羊消化系统寄生虫总感染率为100％（47／47），所获寄生虫8种，隶属于3门3纲3目5科8属，即：血矛属（Haemonchus），毛圆属（Trichostrongylus），奥斯特属（Ostertagia），古柏属（Cooperia），艾美耳属（Eimeria），食道口属（Oesophagostomum），仰口属（Bunostomum），莫尼茨属（Moniezia）。根据调查结果采用丙硫咪唑和氯苯胍进行驱虫试验，并对驱虫前后山羊消化系统寄生虫的感染情况进行了分析。结论安徽省淮南市毛集区山羊消化系统寄生虫病感染率较高，采用药物驱虫可以获得较好效果。 相似文献
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The association between bovine tuberculosis (TB) infection status based on results from the single intradermal comparative tuberculin test (SICTT) and milk production has been described in dairy cows in TB-infected herds in Ireland. The biological basis was uncertain, but could be related to increased TB susceptibility among lower producing dairy cows. In this study, the relationship between somatic cell count (as an objective measure of udder health) and SICTT reactivity (as a proxy for TB infection status) was investigated. Somatic cell counts of TB infected cows, both during and prior to the lactation of diagnosis of TB infection, were examined and compared to non-infected cows. All Irish dairy herds restricted from trading between June 2004 and May 2005 as a result of two or more TB reactors (test positive) to the SICTT were considered for study. Data were collected on 4340 cows from 419 herds. Previous lactation data for the cows were taken into consideration and all lactations on a cow were analysed together with the years of lactations. There was an inherent hierarchical structure in the data, with lactations nested within cows and cows within herds and so a linear mixed model with two random effects was used to describe the data. Milk production (305-day milk yield) was also included in the model as a fixed effect. The results of the study showed that for all lactations and years under investigation, somatic cell counts for SICTT reactor cows when compared to the non-reactor cows were not significantly different. In this study population, TB infection status was not associated with udder health. 相似文献
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An observational study of Corynebacterium bovis in selected Ontario dairy herds. 总被引：3，自引：3，他引：0 
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下载免费PDF全文 An observational study of Corynebacterium bovis was conducted in 74 Ontario dairy herds. The levels of infection with C. bovis were 19.9, 36.2 and 85.6% at the quarter, cow and herd level, respectively. Teat disinfection was found to be the variable best able to distinguish between herds with a high or low C. bovis quarter infection rate. Mean total milk somatic cell counts for 1103 quarters and 107 cows infected with only C. bovis ranged between 150,000 and 200,000/mL and were significantly higher than for uninfected quarters or cows. The rate of infection with mastitis pathogens was not significantly different in quarters previously colonized with only C. bovis compared to previously uninfected quarters. 相似文献
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Systemic and local immune response of cows to intramammary infection with Staphylococcus aureus 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
The association between Staphylococcus aureus chronic mammary gland infection and the resulting immune response expressed by the production of specific IgG and IgA antibodies in blood and milk was studied in Israeli Holstein cows. Specific antibodies of the IgG class were detected in sera of 82.6 per cent of the cows chronically infected by S aureus, while in 17.4 per cent no such antibodies could be detected. Specific IgG antibodies to S aureus were neither detected in sera of cows free of mammary infection nor in those infected with different coagulase-negative staphylococci (CNS) such as S intermedius, S chromogenes or S haemolyticus. In milk, specific IgG antibodies to S aureus were detected only in cows with positive serology. The end point dilutions in the milk were 5 to 30 per cent of that of blood from the same cow. No significant difference in IgG titres was found in the same cow if the quarter was infected with S aureus or not. Specific antibodies to S aureus of the IgA class could not be detected in the sera of any of the cows included in this study. In milk, a specific IgA antibody was detected only in the samples from the S aureus infected quarters in which S aureus was isolated at the time of the experiment. In the same cow, quarters infected by S aureus were found to have a significantly higher IgA titre (P < 0.0001) than that of the non-infected ones. 相似文献
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Sharon J. Spier DVM PhD Bradford P. Smith DVM James S. Cullor DVM PhD Harvey J. Olander DVM Lin Da Roden BS George W. Dilling BS 《Journal of veterinary internal medicine / American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine》1991,5(6):341-350
Experimental intramammary infections were induced in five post-parturient Holstein cows by inoculation of low numbers (5000 colony forming units) of virulent Salmonella dublin via the teat canal of mammary gland quarters. Rectal temperature, pulse and respiratory rates, milk yield, and milk quality as assessed by the California Mastitis Test (CMT) and somatic cell counts (SCC) were recorded every 12 hours at milking. Bacteriologic cultures of foremilk quarter samples and feces were obtained daily, as were complete blood counts. ELISA titers for IgG and IgM recognizing S. dublin lipopolysaccharide (LPS) were obtained weekly on serum and quarter milk samples. All cows excreted S. dublin intermittently from infected quarters, but no changes were detected in rectal temperature, appearance of the mammary gland or secretions, CBC, milk yield, and pulse and respiratory rates. Somatic cell counts were modestly increased in infected quarters as compared with uninfected quarters (P = .015, paired t test); however, CMT scores after infection remained low, and were not significantly different from pre-infection scores (P greater than .10, sign test). After infection, administration of dexamethasone resulted in signs of clinical mastitis and increased excretion of S. dublin from mammary quarters (P = .0004, paired t test). One cow had necrotizing mastitis and S. dublin septicemia and was euthanatized. In the four surviving cows, clinical improvement was observed after systemic gentamicin therapy and intramammary infusion with polymyxin B, but all cows continued to excrete S. dublin intermittently from one or more quarters and occasionally from feces for the remaining period of observation. All infected cows demonstrated a rise in IgG and IgM ELISA titers recognizing S. dublin LPS in serum and milk. At necropsy (13-25 weeks postinfection), S. dublin was recovered only from the mammary tissue or supramammary lymph nodes in three of four cows. In one cow, mammary gland and lymph-node samples were negative for S. dublin despite positive milk cultures. In all cows, histopathologic examination revealed multifocal areas of chronic active mastitis. These lesions were similar to histopathologic findings from mammary gland carriers with naturally acquired S. dublin infection. 相似文献
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奶牛血乳症是由于奶牛乳房中输乳管、腺泡周围组织血管发生充血,血管壁明显扩张而破裂,导致血管中血红蛋白或红细胞进入输乳管、腺泡,从而分泌出的牛乳混有红色血液及血块的一种疾病。通常情况下该病可通过改善饲养管理条件而痊愈,但严重者需要加以药物治疗,否则会诱发奶牛乳房炎等其他疾病,导致奶牛泌乳量下降甚至死亡,而给奶牛养殖业带来严重的经济损失。本文通过对奶牛血乳症的机械性损伤、中毒、感染等多种发病原因进行深入分析,对该病临床症状和诊断方法进行阐述,提出西医和中西等不同手段的防治措施,并以实例进行了举证,为奶牛的健康养殖提供理论支持。 相似文献
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Japertiene R Juozaitiene V Kriauziene J Rudejeviene J Japertas S 《Polish journal of veterinary sciences》2007,10(4):255-261
The investigation was conducted during 2005-2006 on 4010 dairy cows. Having performed statistical data analysis, we determined that the lowest somatic cell count (SCC) in Red and Red-White cow population was obtained when the milking time was 5-6 min., milking speed was higher than 1.5 kg/min., high milk flow was from 2.51 to 4 kg/min., and in Black-White cow population having a milking time was higher than 7 min., milking speed was from 1.01 to 2 kg/min., a high milk flow --from 2.01 to 4 kg/min. (p<0.001). In Red and Red-White cow population with subclinical mastitis, milking time was longer and milking speed was slower than in healthy cows. High milk flow values were least in healthy Black-White cow population. This determines a more equal milk flow which is desired in milking cows mechanically. Most sensitive to udder infection are 1st lactation cows which have a higher milk flow. A larger phenotype correlation coefficient in Red and Red-White cow population was between the SCC and milking time (-0.089, p<0.01) and between high milk flow (0.086, p<0.01) and milk yield (-0.071, p<0.05). However in Black-White cow population, correlation was found between SCC and milk yield (-0.117, p<0.01) and milking speed (-0.110, p<0.01). Contagious mastitis pathogens were identified in Red and Red-White cow milk samples primarily from productive cows having a milking speed of 1.01-1.5 kg/min., and in Black-White cow population having a milking speed of 1.51-2.0 kg/min. 相似文献
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Employing the turnover of a dairy-cow herd with primiparas to control infectious mastitis is beneficial because young dairy cows, as a rule free of inflammations of the mammary gland, are not included among dairy cows already infected or suspected of being infected and so it is possible to form groups of dairy cows free of mastitis. For this intention an agricultural enterprise was chosen in potato production region I. In the given period 316 to 336 dairy cows of Bohemian Spotted breed were followed. To express the impact of the infection on the milk efficiency and to draw economic conclusions on the efficiency of treating infectious mastitis we observed the total milk yield of the different dairy cows in one lactation. In the given enterprise unsuccessful treatment of an infected dairy cow in three lactations resulted in a total loss of 4,648 Kcs. Therefore from the economic aspect it appears to be profitable to replace productive, but ill, older dairy cows by healthy first-calvers because the negative effect of the mastitis on the production of milk increases with every successive lactation. 相似文献
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选择体重、胎次、泌乳期、乳脂率和产奶量基本一致的健康无病荷斯坦奶牛12头,随机分成四组,每组3头,即试验1组,试验2组,试验3组和对照组,在试验组奶牛的混合精料中分别添加碳酸氢钠50g／头,100g／头,150g／头。试验前后相比,试验组与对照组的产奶量都呈下降趋势,1组,2组,3组与对照组的产奶量分别下降了1．95kg,1．47kg,2．17kg,3．73kg,Ⅰ组,2组,3组与对照组相比,乳脂率、4％标准乳分别提高了3．82％,5．88％,5．00％,10．54％（P〈0．05）,12．60％（P〈0．01）8．36％（P〈0．05）。 相似文献
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为了研究奶牛蹄病与其产奶量之间的关系,首先对宁夏某国营奶牛场15头不同程度蹄病患病奶牛15d内日平均产奶量进行统计,并以5头健康奶牛作为对照,比较分析了蹄病对奶牛产奶量的影响。之后对以上15头蹄病患病奶牛进行针对性治疗,治疗后,每隔5d测定其日平均产奶量,连续测6次,分析其产奶量的变化规律。结果发现,蹄病可引起奶牛产奶量下降,蹄病越严重,奶牛产奶量越少;经治疗后,不同程度的蹄病患病奶牛日平均产奶量均有所提高。 相似文献
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The results of more than 80 experiments on gastrointestinal parasitism and the impact of anthelmintic treatment on milk production in dairy cattle were reviewed. Abattoir surveys of culled dairy cows, faecal egg counts in milking cows, and serological tests and worm counts in cull cows in milk production studies were collated to assess the level of parasitism in dairy herds. The studies were divided into four general categories: induced infections in previously uninfected cattle; naturally infected cattle treated in mid-lactation; naturally infected cattle treated one to three times during the dry period and/or just before or just after parturition; and naturally infected cattle treated repeatedly from early lactation or given strategic treatments throughout the year. In most studies, the milk production of anthelmintic-treated cattle was compared with that of untreated controls. The anthelmintics investigated included members of the organophosphate, benzimidazole, imidazothiazole and macrocyclic lactone groups. The number of experiments in which the medicated (or uninfected) group had a higher milk yield was compared with the number of experiments in which the control (or infected) group had a higher yield. Overall, the studies demonstrated that grazing dairy cattle are likely to be infected with gastrointestinal nematode parasites, usually Ostertagia ostertagi and Cooperia species. These infections may be present as inhibited larvae, and a periparturient or spring rise is associated with their emergence. There is, at present, no reliable means of determining whether a cow or a herd may be parasitised subclinically at a level sufficient to interfere with milk production. In 70 of 87 experiments (80 per cent) there was an increase in milk production (P < 0.001) after anthelmintic treatment, with a median increase of 0.63 kg/day. In each of the four trial categories, a majority of the studies showed that anthelmintic treatment increased milk production. The yield of milk fat by the medicated cows was greater than by the controls in 26 of the 35 experiments in which that variable was studied (P < 0.01). 相似文献