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1.
为探讨Genomic-SSR与EST-SSR标记在桉树种间的遗传差异,本研究利用两种不同来源的SSR标记对6种桉树进行遗传差异性分析.分析结果表明:Genomic-SSR标记在6种桉树中具有高的遗传多样性,EST-SSR标记在揭示不同基因型间遗传关系方面更具优势.对两种标记进行聚类分析发现,EST-SSR标记比Genomic-SSR标记能更准确地鉴别基因型.两种不同来源SSR标记的遗传差异性,为更有效利用SSR标记在桉树遗传多样性分析、种质鉴定等相关研究提供了理论支持. 相似文献
2.
为探讨白皮松群体间遗传变异规律,使用7对EST-SSR引物对分布区内21个白皮松天然群体的遗传多样性及遗传分化水平进行了研究。结果表明:7对引物在21个白皮松天然群体的663个单株中共检测到14个多态性位点。各群体间有效等位基因数(Ne)、Shannon’s信息指数(I)、观测杂合度(Ho)、期望杂合度(He)、Nei’s期望杂合度(Nei’s)分别为1.156 5 1.601 9、0.133 5 0.492 5、0.138 4 0.397 3、0.0860 0.342 8、0.084 6 0.337 4。白皮松群体间遗传分化系数(Fst)平均为0.215 2,基因流(Nm)值平均为0.911 9,群体间基因交流总体较少,遗传分化较大。白皮松多样性水平在分布区内呈规律性变化,多样性分布的中心区域主要在西部、南部,具有从西向东,从南向北依次减少的趋势。 相似文献
3.
Keiko Hamaguchi Kenryu Kato Kojiro Esaki Naoto Kamata 《Journal of Forest Research》2011,16(6):518-521
The ambrosia beetle, Platypus quercivorus, is an insect vector for the causal agent of Japanese oak wilt disease, Raffaelea quercivora. We have developed 10 new polymorphic microsatellite markers from Type 1, one of the genetic types of the beetle, using a
biotin-enrichment procedure. Fifty-three adult beetles were used for characterization of the markers. The number of alleles
per locus ranged from two to nine (average 4.9). The observed and expected heterozygosity ranged from 0.49 to 0.77 and from
0.44 to 0.80, respectively. None of the loci deviated significantly from Hardy–Weinberg equilibrium. No linkage disequilibrium
was detected in any pairwise comparisons of loci. Most of the markers successfully amplified in other genetic types of the
beetle. These markers could become useful tools for population genetic studies and for parentage and sibship analysis for
this beetle. 相似文献
4.
《林业研究》2020,31(4)
Because there are thousands of peach cultivars,cultivar classification is a critical step before starting a breeding project.Various molecular markers such as simple sequence repeats(SSRs) can be used.In this study,67 polymorphic primers produced 302 bands.Higher values for SI index(1.903) suggested higher genetic variability in the genotype under investigation.Mean values for observed alleles(Na),expected heterozygosity(He),effective alleles(Ne),Nei's information index(h),and polymorphic information content(PIC) were 4.5,0.83,5.45,0.83,and 0.81,respectively.The dendrogram constructed based on Jaccard's similarity coefficients outlined four distinct clusters in the entire germplasm.In addition,an analysis of molecular variance(AMOVA) showed that70.68% of the total variation was due to within-population variation,while 29.32% was due to variation among populations.According to this research,all primers were successfully used for the peach accessions.The EST-SSR markers should be useful in peach breeding programs and other research. 相似文献
5.
The Otton frog, Babina subaspera, is an endangered forest frog species with unusual morphological and ecological features compared with other frogs. Eight microsatellite markers were isolated from B. subaspera and characterized with 24 individuals from Amami Islands, Kagoshima prefecture, Japan. The number of alleles observed for each locus ranged from 9 to 19 (average 13.9). The observed heterozygosity (H O) and the expected heterozygosity (H E) ranged from 0.71 to 0.92 and 0.83 to 0.92, respectively. These microsatellites will be useful for future genetic studies of B. subaspera, which will be essential in the conservation of this species. 相似文献
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7.
【目的】开发适于黑莓Rubus spp.的EST-SSR引物,用于品种和种质的遗传多样性评价分析。【方法】基于前期获得的黑莓转录组数据,分析得到黑莓EST-SSR分子标记,筛查符合要求的SSR序列,设计合成127对较理想的EST-SSR引物进行扩增和多态性引物筛选,利用多态性好的引物用于18个引种黑莓栽培品种的遗传多样性分析。【结果】在127对引物中有125对可扩增出条带,有特异条带且大小符合预期的引物共有50对,50对引物中有45对具多态性的引物,占引物总数的36%,多数引物扩增的位点数为2~5。使用45对引物检测18个黑莓供试品种基因组DNA的多态性,共检测到191个等位基因变异,平均每个位点有4.24个等位基因,位点多态性信息含量为0.427~0.893,平均值为0.692。多态性最好的引物为Rh121,检测到8个等位基因,其次是Rh114和Rh118,均检测到7个等位基因。18份材料的遗传相似系数为0.49~0.88,表明品种间具有较丰富的遗传差异。利用UPGMA聚类,将18份种质分为3个类群,其中四倍体和多倍体黑莓品种明显归为不同类型,四倍体黑莓分为2类,相似育种产地的品种多聚在一起,推测与其品种遗传种质成分具一定相似性有关。【结论】EST-SSR标记可应用于黑莓品种种质遗传多样性分析,目前引种黑莓种质的遗传基础相对较窄。 相似文献
8.
[目的]探讨基于微卫星标记分析刺槐叶瘿蚊遗传多样性指数与样本量的相关关系。[方法]设置了12个样本量梯度,选取11对微卫星引物分析了我国刺槐叶瘿蚊5个种群的遗传多样性指数。[结果]表明,样本量的大小与平均等位基因数(Na)呈显著正相关,与有效等位基因数(Ne)呈中度正相关,与观测杂合度(Ho)呈负相关,而与期望杂合度(He)、Nei’s遗传多样性指数(H)和多态信息含量(PIC)没有明显相关性。此外,当样本量小于25时,随着样本量的增加,有效等位基因数增幅明显,观测杂合度起伏变化较大,但当样本量大于30时,随着样本量的增加,上述两个指数增(降)幅度平缓。[结论]在利用微卫星DNA标记对我国刺槐叶瘿蚊种群的遗传多样性研究中,选取的最适样本量应为25～30,分析的最适遗传多样性指数应为期望杂合度、Nei’s遗传多样性指数和多态信息含量。该研究结果将为我们后续研究提供科学数据,并有助于分析其他入侵昆虫种群遗传结构的研究,同时可为其他双翅目昆虫的遗传多样性研究提供样本量参考。 相似文献
9.
In the megadiverse forests of Southeast Asia,hundreds of timber species are economically important but the population genetics of only a few taxa are known.Cross-specific amplification of microsatellite loci among closely related taxa could enhance our ability to study and manage previously unstudied species. We successfully utilized STMS markers in Shorea platyclados, originally developed for Shorea curtisii. The six primer pairs we tried successfully produced PCR products of expected sizes. The number of alleles observed ranged from 10 to 14 and an average of 12 alleles were detected per locus. A high expected and observed heterozygosity was observed and it ranges from 0.718 to 0.827 among all populations across all six loci tested. Microsatellite DNA markers are highly polymorphic, co-dominant, reproducible, and amenable to high throughput genetic analyses. Overall, the crossspecific amplification of microsatellite loci appears to be complicated by numerous factors. While the approach may be effective for local management and conservation ofpoorly known species, the results must be carefully interpreted. 相似文献
10.
利用SSR分子标记对分布在我国的7个毛红椿群体进行了遗传结构研究.结果表明:毛红椿群体具有较低水平的遗传变异;毛红椿群体的等位基因的平均数为6.1,有效等位基因数平均为2.7,平均期望杂合度为0.600 6;毛红椿群体遗传分化系数(FST)平均值为0.185 4,在FST值的基础上估算毛红椿群体间的基因流(Nm)为1.098 3.采用平均距离方法(UPGMA)对7个群体进行了聚类,对各群体遗传距离与地理距离的相关分析表明:群体间遗传距离与地理距离显著相关.分析了毛红椿濒危的原因,并提出了保护策略. 相似文献
11.
云南红豆杉天然种群遗传多样性研究 总被引：9，自引：1，他引：9
采用垂直板式聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳，检测了云南红豆杉（Taxus yunnanensis)雌配子体的5种等位酶，并以10个基因位点编码的5个酶系统，分析了滇西北3个云南红豆杉天然种植的遗传多样性与遗传分化。结果表明，群体的多态位点比例是0．77；群体的平均杂合性观察值是0．302；预期值为0．3320；每个基因位点发现的等位基因数是2．05，有效等位基因平均数是1．466。对10个基因位点的基因多样性测定表明，种群间的分化占14．66％。总的基因多样性约85％产生于种群内。群体间的平均遗传距离是0．118。 相似文献
12.
Molecular markers are a powerful tool with many potential applications in agriculture and forestry. In particular, can provide
information on the relatedness of various clones or varieties that are difficult to distinguish morphologically, thus helping
in the management of plant accessions and in breeding programs. The goal of this study is to genotype 15 clones used in the
Prairie Farm Rehabilitation Administration (PFRA) breeding programs. Simple Sequence Repeat (SSR, or microsatellite markers)
were selected for genotyping using the polymerase chain reaction (PCR). This type of marker is considered the method of choice
due to their abundance, polymorphism and reliability compared to other types of . Sixteen previously isolated and characterized
in aspen (Populus tremuloides) and other poplar species (Populus spp.) were initially tested. Nine markers were selected based on the “informativeness” and the quality of the amplification
products. The nine markers were combined in groups of three to improve the efficiency of the genotyping technique. Using the
nine markers, the average number of alleles per locus was 5.1. The expected and observed heterozygosity ranges were 0.32 to
0.80 and 0.13 to 0.92 respectively. The results also show that it is possible to produce a unique “DNA fingerprint” specific
to each of the 15 hybrid poplar clones with the nine . In this study it was possible to show that two clones, P. ‘Melville’
and P. x ‘Walker’ used in Saskatchewan have similar DNA profiles with nine markers and a combined probability of identity
of 2.23×10−6 suggesting that these clones are identical. This observation will prevent unnecessary duplication of the two accessions in
breeding programs.
This revised version was published online in August 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date. 相似文献
13.
《Scandinavian Journal of Forest Research》2012,27(4):294-304
Abstract The English yew (Taxus baccata L.) is an endangered rare tree species in Austria. More than 600 bud samples were collected from seven populations in three regions of the Eastern Alpine mountains for estimating their genetic structures by using isozyme gene markers. Nine gene loci encoding for seven enzyme systems were investigated. The revealed 32 alleles indicate a higher multiplicity of the east alpine gene pool compared with other European regions. English yew showed a high level of genetic variation, with a mean number of alleles per locus (A/L) of 2.7. A total of 76.4% of the loci were polymorphic, the average expected heterozygosity was (H e) 0.274 and the mean observed heterozygosity (H o) was 0.238. The relative proportion of genetic differentiation among the regions was found to be 6.2%, the level of gene flow was high (Nm=3.78) and the level of inbreeding (0.130) among the regions was medium. The obligatory out crossing (dioecious plant), the long generation time, the ability to regenerate from stump and the seed dispersal by birds and rodents might contribute to the high level of genetic variation found within the population. The conservation propositions are discussed with respect to the genetic structure and the poor recruitment of this species. 相似文献
14.
板栗野生居群与栽培品种间叶绿体微卫星遗传差异初探 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
对24对epSSR通用引物进行筛选,选用4对呈现多态性的引物对板栗的4个野生居群和9个地方品种群进行遗传分析.结果表明:4个位点在128个样本中扩增等位基因数(Na)平均为3,有效等位基因数(Ne)平均为1.635,期望杂合度(He)平均为0.381,各遗传参数值远低于核基因组对群体研究的相应值.4个等位基因共组合出8种单倍型,既有共享率超过57%的单倍型,也存在特异稀有单倍型,其中陕西汉中与安徽广德板栗天然野生居群,具有较高的单倍型多样性,分别为0.671和0.781,明显高于其他地区,显示两地是板栗的分布及遗传多样性中心.基于cpSSR数据,对板栗地方品种与天然野生居群间的遗传结构、关系及地方品种的起源进行初步探讨. 相似文献
15.
Filomena Gomes Rita Costa Maria M. Ribeiro Elisa Figueiredo Jorge M. Canhoto 《林业研究》2013,24(2):227-236
The strawberry tree (Arbutus unedo L.) is an underutilized, drought tolerant, fire resistant species with a south western distribution in Europe, and with ecological and putative socio-economical impact in Portugal and Mediterranean countries. Our aim was to develop an appropriate set of molecular markers to enable genetic diversity to be assessed and to fingerprint Arbutus unedo genotypes for breeding and conservation purposes in Portugal. Twenty-seven trees from a broad geographic range were screened with 20 random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD primers) and 11 microsatellite markers (SSR). The RAPDs generated 124 bands, 57.3% of which were polymorphic, with an expected heterozygosity of 27%. We cross-amplified 11 SSR primers developed for Vaccinium spp., and 5 were found to be polymorphic in A. unedo, with 75% of expected heterozygosity, a number of alleles of 11.6, a null allele frequency of 7.6% and a polymorphic information content of 71%. Although the SSRs were more polymorphic and informative than the RAPDs, both markers displayed high genetic variability with the gathered data. No geographic pattern was observed in the genetic variation distribution based on both marker systems, and the lack of correlation between genetic and geographical matrices was confirmed by Mantel tests. Likely, no correlation was found between pairwise SSR and RAPD band-sharing matrices. These results and their implications on A. unedo breeding and conservation programs are discussed. 相似文献
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17.
分子标记法和形态学特征对杏仁栽培种及野生种基因型的遗传关系构建的辨别 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Karim Sorkheh Behrouz Shiran Soghra Kiani Nazanin Amirbakhtiar Sadegh Mousavi Vahid Rouhi Shahram Mohammady-D Thomas M.Gradziel Lyudmyla V.Malysheva-Otto Pedro Martínez-Gómez 《林业研究》2009,20(3):183-194
应用23个形态学特征,19个扩增片段长度多态性(AFLP)引物组合,80个随机扩增多态DNA(RAPD)引物和32个简单序列重复(SSR)引物对,比较三种分子标记法在29个杏仁栽培种和3个野生种遗传关系构建中的信息景和效率.根据预期杂合度的评价,与AFLPs和RAPDs相比,SSRs具有较高水平的多态性和较大的信息量.AFLPs预期朵合度值最低,但其辨别效率值最高,因为AFLPs能揭示每个反应中的大量条带,导致各种类型的多样性指数均较高.三种分子标记法对杏仁基因型的辨别效率均较高,只是SSRs无法辨别‘Monagha'和‘Sefied'杏仁基因型.三种分子标记法基因型相似性相关系数统计上显著,但SSR数据要低于RAPDs和AFLPs的值.尽管三种分子标记法树形图拓扑结构存在一些差异,但相似性水平均较高.SSRs、RAPDs和AFLPs的系统树图及其综合数据都能依据地理散布反映大多数栽培种的关系.AMOVA检测到每个地理组中栽培种和野生种的变异.辅助程序分析表明,实验所应用的标记物数量足以保证基因相似性估计的可靠性和标记法间的比较是有意义的. 相似文献
18.
以20个云南松天然群体为对象,SSR分析表明云南松遗传变异主要存在于群体内,各群体间的遗传多样性水平差异不显著。基于SSR分子标记遗传多样性分析,根据Nei's遗传相似度,采用逐步聚类优先取样法,分别对初始群体、遗传多样性保护单元和剩余群体进行比较、t检验,以此评价遗传多样性保护单元的代表性。结果表明,利用该方法抽样的群体能很好地代表初始群体的遗传多样性,按30%的群体抽样,等位基因数、有效等位基因数、Shannon's信息指数和期望杂合度的保留率分别达到初始群体的98.03%、105.36%、103.99%和105.56%。保护单元的遗传多样性均高于剩余群体,抽样群体组成的遗传多样性保护单元的效果较好。 相似文献
19.
《Forest Ecology and Management》1988,24(2):139-149
Phenotypically selected individuals, to be used in a breeding program, and randomly selected individuals of white spruce (Picea glauca Moench Voss) were sampled from nine stands within a breeding region to document impacts of early domestication in a wild species. Needles from both selected and random samples were surveyed for electrophoretically detectable genic variation at twelve different enzyme systems. Average heterozygosity (0.172) was comparable to geographically broader surveys of this species. Although a large number of unique and rare alleles were observed, only 0.7% of the variations was attributable to the among-stand component. No changes in genotypic structure were associated with phenotypic selection using this set of molecular markers. Because of this lack of association, the isozymes could serve as an independent set of neutral variables to monitor variation. Allele frequency and heterozygosity were not significantly different in the selected versus random populations. There were, however, differences between the two population samples when measures of allelic richness were contrasted. Only 75% of the alleles were represented in the selected population. Implications of these changes on the utility of phenotypically selected populations as gene conservation samples, and their representativeness as breeding populations, are discussed. 相似文献
20.
以昆明树木园云南红豆杉(Taxus yunnanensis)人工林为研究对象，采用垂直板式聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳，检查了此人工林雌配子体的苹果酸脱氢酶(MDH)、酯酶(EST)、莽草酸脱氢酶(SKD)、谷氨酸草酰乙酸转氨酶(GOT)及过氧化物酶(PER)的同工酶，分析了此群体等位酶的遗传变异。根据多态位点的标准，发现检测的基因位点的70％是多态的。每个基因位点发现的等位基因平均数是2．10。所检测的10个位点平均期望杂合度是0．291；平均实际杂合度为0．293；平均等位基因有效数是1．598。 相似文献