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相关研究发现异氟醚可引起幼龄大鼠广泛的脑神经元凋亡,且近期发现异氟醚还可以介导海马神经元发生自噬。在前期试验的基础上,选取40只7日龄(P7)SD大鼠幼鼠,随机分为对照组和1.5%异氟醚麻醉2、3、4、6h组,建立实验模型。待麻醉结束后将大鼠安乐死,取脑并分离海马组织。用TUNEL染色、LC3-II免疫组化及Western blot检测等方法检测海马神经元自噬及凋亡情况。试验结果显示,随着异氟醚作用时间的增加,TUNEL染色结果显示,麻醉4h后海马阳性细胞率明显增多,而LC3-II免疫组化结果显示在3、4h时阳性率较高,6h有所下降;与对照组相比,活化的Caspase-3表达量逐渐增加;Bcl-2表达量逐渐降低。Beclin-1和LC3-II/I表达量先升高后下降,并且在异氟醚作用3h时表达量明显升高(P0.05);此外,与异氟醚麻醉3、4h时相比,Beclin-1在麻醉6h时表达量明显下降,而Caspase-3表达量明显升高(P0.05)。试验结果表明,异氟醚不仅可以引起幼龄SD大鼠海马神经元广泛凋亡,而且还能诱导海马神经元自噬,凋亡水平随麻醉时间延长逐渐加强,而自噬水平先升高后降低。自噬在异氟醚诱导的海马区神经元凋亡中可能发挥着保护性作用。 相似文献
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《中国兽医杂志》2016,(8)
为了研究乳化异氟醚及异氟醚对犬血清中C反应蛋白(CRP)及总补体(CH50)含量的影响,将40只犬随机均分为乳化异氟醚复合制剂麻醉组(RYM组)、异氟醚麻醉组(YM组)、乳化异氟醚复合制剂麻醉+手术(RYMS)及异氟醚麻醉+手术(YMS)四组。RYM、YM两组只进行麻醉不进行手术,RYMS、YMS两组在实施麻醉的同时分别进行肠管吻合术,在麻醉前(T0)、手术完成即刻(T1,而RYM和YM组在麻醉后35~40 min进行采样)、术后24 h(T2)、术后48 h(T3)、术后72 h(T4)等时间点,采血,测定血清中CRP及CH50含量。结果表明,乳化异氟醚复合麻醉及麻醉下手术对犬血清中CRP、CH50含量的影响,与异氟醚相似,两者无明显的差异。 相似文献
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犬七氟醚 氟烷 异氟醚麻醉后的苏醒时间和苏醒特点的临床比较 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
七氟醚是国际上的一种新型吸入麻醉剂。与氟烷和异氟醚相比较 ,七氟醚更接近人们所期待的理想吸入麻醉剂。它与其他氟化的吸入性麻醉剂的一个显著区别是其具有较低的血 /气分布系数 ( 0 .63) ,低于异氟醚 ( 1 .40 ) ,更远远低于氟烷 ( 2 .35) [1]。这可保证快速诱导麻醉和缩短苏醒时间。七氟醚从 1 990年起正式应用于医学临床 ,但因其价格较昂贵 ,尚未在兽医临床上常规应用。氟烷和异氟醚仍然是目前在兽医麻醉上最常使用的吸入麻醉剂。本文对犬七氟醚麻醉后的苏醒时间和苏醒特点进行初步观察 ,并与氟烷和异氟醚作比较 ,兹报道如下。1 材料… 相似文献
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七氟醚氟烷异氟醚对犬心脏功能影响的临床比较 总被引：2，自引：2，他引：0
为评价七氟醚对心脏功能的影响。并与氟烷和异氟醚作比较，对动物医院就诊、心肺功能正常、拟作手术治疗的8例患犬进行麻醉试验，所有犬均以l-美散痛和安定和为麻醉前给药，分别以1.5%七氟醚、1.0%七氟醚与66.7%笑气、1.0%氟烷、1.5%异氟醚维持手术麻醉，并作人工呼吸，各组均未观察到心律异常，手术麻醉期间，七氟醚组犬心率降幅（4.73%）低于异氟醚组（9.74%)或氟烷组（10.23%)。七氟醚组、氟烷组和异氟醚组的收缩压/舒张压轻度升高（七氟醚3.38%/11.93%氟烷6.09%/9.09%，异氟醚4.82%/6.25%)。而七氟醚与笑气组的收缩压/舒张压则降低（6.84%/5.73%)。证实七氟醚应为临床首选的吸入麻醉剂。 相似文献
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本试验旨在研究静脉注射利多卡因及利多卡因复合芬太尼对异氟醚麻醉犬血气的影响,从而确定麻醉深度的变化情况,进而评价利多卡因及利多卡因复合芬太尼对异氟醚麻醉犬的安全性及可行性。采用健康杂交犬6只,分为利多卡因组和利多卡因复合芬太尼组,由股动脉穿刺抽取动脉血0.5mL进行血气分析。结果显示,利多卡因复合芬太尼组pH值在10min后与0min相比具有统计学意义。综合血气指标及临床表现得出静脉注射利多卡因及复合芬太尼对异氟醚麻醉犬麻醉及镇痛效果良好,且安全可靠。 相似文献
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研究异氟醚麻醉条件下高气腹压对犬氧化应激指标的影响,为腹腔镜技术在兽医临床推广提供一定的理论依据。方法:将12只健康本地犬分为对照组和气腹组(15 mm Hg),在异氟醚麻醉下建立气腹,检测各时间点的犬血清中总抗氧化能力(T-AOC)、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、过氧化氢酶(CAT)、还原型谷脘甘肽酶(GSH)和丙二醛(MDA)的水平。结果:相比于对照组,术后2 h和6 h气腹组的MDA水平显著升高(P0.05),SOD、CAT、GSH和T-AOC的水平显著降低(P0.05),术后24 h后均恢复正常。结论:在异氟醚麻醉条件下,高气腹压对犬氧化应激水平虽有影响,但可通过机体自我调节能力恢复。 相似文献
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大熊猫慢性胃肠炎病研究 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
本文分析了9例大熊猫慢性胃肠炎病及其继发病的发病机理和发病特点，采用中西医结合标本兼治的治疗方法，收到了较好效果。有5只完全恢复了健康，3只有明显疗效。并对患病大熊猎作了血液学检查，与健康大熊猫的肠道菌群、毛发微量元素的测试、分析比较，结果表明：患病大熊猫的电解质水平普遍偏低，血清蛋白较低，白细胞水平大多处于正常范围，在患慢性胃肠炎病大熊猫粪便中未检出肠道病原菌，其双歧杆菌的检出率和数量明显低于健康大熊猫。毛发中Cu、Zn、Mn等元素含量极显著低于健康大熊猫的水平，初步提出了大熊猫慢性胃肠炎病及其继发病的综合预防与治疗措施。 相似文献
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Earthquakes not only result in a great loss of human life and property, but also have profound effects on the Earth's biodiversity. The Lushan earthquake occurred on 20 Apr 2013, with a magnitude of 7.0 and an intensity of 9.0 degrees. A distance of 17.0 km from its epicenter to the nearest distribution site of giant pandas recorded in the Third National Survey was determined. Making use of research on the Wenchuan earthquake (with a magnitude of 8.0), which occurred approximately 5 years ago, we briefly analyze the impacts of the Lushan earthquake on giant pandas and their habitat. An earthquake may interrupt ongoing behaviors of giant pandas and may also cause injury or death. In addition, an earthquake can damage conservation facilities for pandas, and result in further habitat fragmentation and degradation. However, from a historical point of view, the impacts of human activities on giant pandas and their habitat may, in fact, far outweigh those of natural disasters such as earthquakes. Measures taken to promote habitat restoration and conservation network reconstruction in earthquake‐affected areas should be based on requirements of giant pandas, not those of humans. 相似文献
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采用聚焦动物取样法和扫描取样法记录观察3只秦岭亚成体大熊猫(Ailuropoda melanoleuca)在秦岭佛坪野化培训基地早期适应过程中的行为,依据拟定的行为类型在观察数据中随机筛选出有效记录并进行相关统计,结果表明:3只大熊猫白天的活动时间远远大于其在圈养环境下的活动时间,行为的多样性明显增大,食物期待、刻板行为大大减少;它们对集体的依赖程度随着时间的推移也越来越小,并且有分开的趋势;3只大熊猫在对环境逐渐熟悉适应之后,休息地点从圈舍周围、栖架向山坡及山坡顶部逐渐转移,各自的休息地点也相对固定。 相似文献
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旨在探究年龄对大熊猫个体肠道微生态的影响。本研究采集大熊猫（Ailuropoda melanoleuca）（J1（亚成年大熊猫个体）、J2（成年大熊猫个体）、J3（老年大熊猫个体））的新鲜粪便,基于16S rRNA基因技术,测定不同年龄的大熊猫个体肠道细菌组成,分析其物理和化学特征及酶活特异性,利用冗余分析（redundant analysis,RDA）分析大熊猫肠道微生物菌群丰度与其环境因子之间的关系。结果表明：在门水平上,变形菌门的相对丰度随着年龄的增加而升高,厚壁菌门的相对丰度随着年龄的增加而降低;在属水平上,链球菌属的相对丰度随着年龄的增加而降低;淀粉酶和纤维素酶的酶活力在J2肠道最高,淀粉酶活力在J3肠道最低,纤维素酶活力在J1肠道最低,蛋白酶活力在J1肠道最高,在J3肠道最低;厚壁菌门和拟杆菌门的相对丰度均与淀粉酶活力和还原糖含量呈正相关,变形菌门的相对丰度与还原糖含量和氨基酸含量呈负相关。研究表明,不同年龄大熊猫个体的肠道微生物菌群的表现特征不同,其肠道细菌优势菌的相对丰度与其消化酶等环境因子存在相关性;建议需对亚成年大熊猫加强饮食和生活环境管理,并可以通过添加益生菌等方式加强对老年大熊猫肠道健康的管理。 相似文献
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The giant panda faces severe threats from habitat fragmentation and isolation. Currently, giant panda populations have been fragmented into 30 habitat patches. The disappearance of isolated small populations and studies on the genetic diversity of various populations have shown that small isolated panda populations are at a high risk of dying out completely. Habitat fragmentation has seriously impaired the ability of the giant panda to resist climate changes and other natural disasters, such as large‐scale, synchronous bamboo blooming. The Min Mountains have the largest population of pandas in China, numbering 581 individuals and accounting for 52% of the total (1114) in China. Geographic isolation means that giant pandas in the Min Mountains are divided into two populations (population A in the north and population B in the south). Population B, which had only 42 individuals in 1989, is severely threatened by high‐density human populations and the loss of genetic diversity. However, we have identified an important corridor connecting the two populations. This paper explains the importance and the feasibility of reestablishing this corridor. Due to the special geographic locations of these two populations (two rivers block the migration of giant pandas between south and north), the corridor is the only passage for giant pandas in the region. Recent studies have also shown an increase of giant panda activity in the area of the corridor. However, vegetation in the corridor has been severely degraded. Bamboo forest must be restored in this area to provide food for the pandas during migration. The effects of human activities must be reduced in order to maintain panda habitat. We believe that a restored corridor will be of great benefit to the survival of giant pandas in the Min Mountains, especially for population B. Successful re‐establishment of a corridor will be a valuable model for corridor construction in the future. 相似文献
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为了研究老年大熊猫肠道菌群的构成,本试验对3只圈养老年大熊猫粪便细菌构建16S rDNA克隆文库,采用限制性内切酶Hinf Ⅰ、Msp Ⅰ对其进行限制性片段长度多态性(restriction fragment length polymorphism,RFLP)及测序分析.结果显示,老年大熊猫肠道细菌主要由变形菌门和厚壁菌门组成;变形菌门中又以大肠埃希氏菌属为主,其次为假单胞菌属、志贺氏菌属、气单胞菌属;而厚壁菌门中以链球菌属为主,其次为魏斯氏菌属、梭菌属;此外还发现一定比例的未培养细菌.本试验第一次建立了较丰富的老年大熊猫肠道菌群的克隆文库,为分析比较各年龄层大熊猫的肠道菌群结构的异同提供了参照,也为合理饲喂老年大熊猫,保障老年大熊猫的健康提供重要信息. 相似文献
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通过对重庆动物园内可获得的9只大熊猫进行长期驯化后,在非麻醉状态下采集到的54份血样进行了58项生理生化指标检测,建立了重庆动物园大熊猫血液的正常生理生化指标参考范围。经统计分析发现:在渝大熊猫不同年龄段之间某些生理生化指标存在显著性差异;不同性别之间经T或F检验(方差齐性检验)所得结果P值虽无显著性差异,但某些生理生化指标在方差或平均值上差异较大;成、渝两地之间某些生理生化指标也存在较大差异。结果表明:由于受到个体差异、地域差异、饲养方式等影响,此次研究结果更适用于重庆动物园圈养大熊猫的健康状况评估、临床疾病的诊断及治疗。 相似文献
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I Kati Loeffler JoGayle Howard Richard J Montali Lee-Ann Hayek Edward Dubovi Zhihe Zhang Qigui Yan Wanzhu Guo David E Wildt 《Journal of zoo and wildlife medicine》2007,38(4):559-566
Conservation strategies for the giant panda (Ailuropoda melanoleuca) include the development of a self-sustaining ex situ population. This study examined the potential significance of infectious pathogens in giant pandas ex situ. Serologic antibody titers against canine distemper virus (CDV), canine parvovirus (CPV), canine adenovirus (CAV), canine coronavirus (CCV), canine herpesvirus, canine parainfluenza virus (CPIV), Toxoplasma gondii, Neospora caninum, and Leptospira interrogans were measured in 44 samples taken from 19 giant pandas between 1998 and 2003 at the Chengdu Research Base of Giant Panda Breeding in Sichuan, China. Seroassays also included samples obtained in 2003 from eight red pandas (Ailurus fulgens) housed at the same institution. All individuals had been vaccinated with a Chinese canine vaccine that included modified live CDV, CPV, CAV, CCV, and CPIV. Positive antibody titers were found only against CDV, CPV, and T. gondii. Sera were negative for antibodies against the other six pathogens. Results indicate that the quality of the vaccine may not be reliable and that it should not be considered protective or safe in giant pandas and red pandas. Positive antibody titers against T. gondii were found in seven of the 19 giant pandas. The clinical, subclinical, or epidemiologic significance of infection with these pathogens via natural exposure or from modified live vaccines in giant pandas is unknown. Research in this area is imperative to sustaining a viable population of giant pandas and other endangered species. 相似文献