共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 31 毫秒
1.
低酚棉产量、纤维品质性状的遗传分析 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
本文以32个低酚棉品种（系）为材料,对10个产量、纤维品质性状进行的遗传分析结果表明：低酚棉多数产量构成因素与皮棉产量为正相关,提高衣指、降低籽指虽可提高衣分和单株结铃数,但不利于增加单铃重;高产、优质的矛盾主要表现在纤维长度、比强度与衣分和单株结铃数有较强的负相关。在较大群体的基础上,通过早代的正向选 相似文献
2.
不同生态点对棉株主要农艺及经济性状影响的研究 总被引：15，自引：0，他引：15
不同生态条件下,麦克隆值与单株成铃的变异系数最大。关联分析结果表明,2.5％跨长是制约气纱品质与整齐度的主导因素,整齐度是制约2.5％跨长与比强度的主导因素,2.5％跨长与产量的变化趋势接近。在产量构成因素中衣分是制约单株成铃、单铃重、衣指的主导因素,衣指是制约衣分的主导因素,而单铃重是制约子指的主导因素。通径分析结果表明,2.5％跨长与衣分对产量的综合直接作用最大。主成分分析表明,在湖南特定的环境条件与栽培条件下单株成铃、单铃重、衣分三者的信息量仅占总信息量的82.66％;2.5％跨长、麦克隆值、比强度三者的信息量占产量总信息量的66.89％。 相似文献
3.
陆地棉配合力与杂种优势、遗传距离的相关性分析 总被引：6，自引：2，他引：4
用10个陆地棉亲本进行不完全双列杂交,共配置了45个组合,计算亲本的一般配合力（GCA）、特殊配合力(SCA)、杂种优势,并结合SSR标记研究了陆地棉亲本配合力与杂种优势、遗传距离之间的相关关系。配合力分析发现,10个亲本的一般配合力和特殊配合力存在显著或极显著差异。分析亲本配合力、杂种优势和遗传距离的相关性发现,子棉产量、皮棉产量、衣分的一般配合力和杂种优势呈显著或极显著相关,纤维长度、比强度、麦克隆值、株高、果枝数、单株铃数、铃重、子棉产量、皮棉产量、衣分的特殊配合力和杂种优势均呈极显著正相关,而与遗传距离相关均不显著。单株铃数、铃重、子棉产量、皮棉产量、衣分的杂种优势与遗传距离均为正向显著或极显著相关。在育种实践中这些显著或极显著相关的性状可能具有较高的改良潜力。 相似文献
4.
为了探究简化栽培措施对不同类型棉花品种产量和纤维品质性状的影响程度,以3种类型棉花品种为试验材料,在中等密度（5.2万株/hm2）条件下研究常规整枝和不整枝2种栽培方式对棉花产量及纤维品质性状的影响。结果表明整枝措施对不同类型棉花品种的铃重、籽指、衣分、纤维长度、马克隆值、整齐度指数、伸长率均没有显著影响,对纤维比强度影响显著(F=7.27);整枝和品种类型对棉花产量构成因素（铃重、籽指、衣分）和纤维品质性状均没有互作效应。在种植密度5.2万株/hm2时,整枝措施能提高棉花品种的纤维比强度,对棉花产量构成因素（铃重、籽指、衣分）无显著影响。 相似文献
5.
6.
7.
为了提高棉花种质资源的利用效率、增加骨干亲本的遗传多样性，对114份资源材料进行遗传多样性分析、相关性分析、主成分分析和聚类分析。衣分、单铃重和马克隆值的变异系数较大，整齐度的变异系数最小；子指的遗传多样性指数最大，伸长率的遗传多样性指数最小；主成分分析的前3个因子累计贡献率达到83.91%；单铃重与衣分和子指均为极显著正相关，衣分与子指为极显著负相关，纤维品质性状之间均为正相关关系，子指与纤维品质主要表现为负相关，单铃重和衣分与纤维品质表现为显著的正相关；聚类分析将供试材料分为3个大群，第Ⅰ大群主要为彩色棉品种；第Ⅱ大群为纤维品质优异、产量性状一般的材料；第Ⅲ大群的产量和纤维品质综合表现较好。本研究明确了各类材料的典型特征，为材料的高效利用和亲本选择提供一定参考。 相似文献
8.
Liu Shuai Wu Jie Li Yabing Han Yingchun Dong Helin Li Pengcheng Zheng Cangsong Sun Miao 《棉花学报》2018,30(4):344-352
[Objective] We examined the effects of spraying AFD (Agent of flower bud differentiation), a new plant growth regulator, on cotton yield formation and fiber quality. This study was designed to provide a scientific basis for chemical regulation. [Method] Six treatments of different AFD concentrations were used for this experiment. Cotton plant height, boll number, boll weight, seed cotton yield, and fiber quality were assessed to clarify the effects of chemical regulation on cotton at different concentrations. [Result] The results showed that cotton plant height was associated with AFD concentration while AFD was effective in inhibiting the cotton boll shedding ratio and significantly increasing the boll opening ratio. Furthermore, the boll number per plant and boll weight were significantly higher in plants sprayed with AFD at concentrations of 1 350-1 800 mL·hm－2 than in the control group and higher seed cotton yields were obtained. Different concentrations of AFD had no significant effect on cotton breaking strength, micronaire value, and breaking elongation. However, the highest AFD concentration had certain inhibiting effects on fiber length and uniformity index. [Conclusion] The use of chemical control via a suitable concentration of AFD had a significant effect on increasing cotton yield and little effect on fiber quality. The study of the mechanism by which AFD affects cotton traits is of great significance for cotton production. 相似文献
9.
以102份光子陆地棉材料为母本,分别与遗传标准系TM-1杂交,获得102个F1群体。采用随机区组设计,设置3个重复,对光子陆地棉材料主要性状进行遗传评价。结果表明,调查的11个性状表型差异均较大,材料间产量性状(株高、果枝数、铃数、铃重、衣分和子指)差异大于纤维品质性状(纤维长度、纤维强度、马克隆值、整齐度和伸长率),特别是衣分、铃数等性状差异更明显; 除果枝数、马克隆值、伸长率以外,光子亲本群体其他性状的平均值都小于F1群体。而亲本群体所有性状的变异系数均大于F1,不同光子材料的杂种优势有很大差别,中亲优势和超亲优势也有很大的差别,有些种质某些性状的中亲、超亲优势为负值,其后代性状表现劣势; 纤维品质性状的中亲、超亲优势与毛子程度均呈负相关,而产量性状的中亲、超亲优势与毛子程度均呈正相关,说明可利用光子材料杂种优势改良纤维品质,而其后代产量性状的杂种优势利用受到限制; SSR分子标记遗传相似系数与各个性状的中亲、超亲优势的相关都不显著,说明在光子材料的育种中,杂种优势是不能通过亲本之间的遗传背景相似程度来预测的。 相似文献
10.
1978—2007年中国陆地棉品种主要特性变化趋势 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
为了研究中国陆地棉品种的遗传性状在不同年代间的变化规律,利用黄河流域、长江流域和西北内陆三大棉区在1978—2007年审定推广的836份陆地棉品种数据库,对陆地棉品种的14个主要农艺经济性状的变化趋势进行分析。结果表明,三大棉区品种的单铃重、皮棉产量和比强度三个性状随着年代变迁,呈明显升高趋势,比强度尤为突出;长江和黄河流域棉区的种植密度随着年代变迁在逐渐降低,而西北内陆棉区的种植密度在增加;叶色、第一果枝节位、铃形、马克隆值和枯、黄萎病抗性在不同年份间波动较大;生育期、衣分、纤维长度在年代间变化平稳,株高20世纪90年代以后变化趋势也较平稳。研究得出1978年以来中国棉花审定推广品种的农艺性状稳定一致且表现良好,产量和纤维品质性状（尤其纤维比强度）有明显改良,在马克隆值和枯、黄萎病抗性方面还有待进一步提高。 相似文献
11.
123份棉花育种材料的综合评价分析 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
对123份棉花育种材料进行综合评价,旨在全面了解棉花主要性状间存在的关系。对产量、抗病性及纤维品质等性状进行相关性分析,并进行了纤维品质性状聚类分析。结果表明：（1）枯萎病、黄萎病病情指数、单株皮棉产量、子棉产量和单株铃数的变异系数较大,品质性状变异系数相对较小。（2）与子棉产量有极显著正相关的性状有6个,其中单株皮棉产量和铃重相关系数较高;上半部平均长度与整齐度指数相关系数为0.69**,与伸长率相关系数为0.78**;伸长率与断裂比强度相关系数为-0.62**,与整齐度指数相关系数为-0.63**。马克隆值与铃重相关系数最大为0.51**。（3）据品质性状聚类,123份材料被分为三类。研究为育种材料的杂交组配和培育高产优质抗病的棉花新品种提供理论和参考依据。 相似文献
12.
以鲁棉研19转BetA/als基因的7个株系为材料,考察了这些株系的农艺性状。结果表明：外源基因BetA/als的导入对棉花各农艺性状有不同程度的影响,各性状变异系数增加。株系7-15、14-1的单株棉铃数、单个棉铃体积、果柄长、果枝夹角、衣分、子指、棉纤维2.5%跨长、比强度等性状与鲁棉研19相比差异不显著,铃重、子棉产量和皮棉产量提高,麦克隆值降低。株系7-15、14-1基本保持了原有品系优良农艺性状,在育种上可以将其作为BetA/als 基因的供体材料。 相似文献
13.
棉铃着生位置对棉花主要经济性状的影响 总被引：9，自引：1，他引：9
选用新品系８９５作试材进行了棉铃着生位置对其经济性状的影响研究。结果表明，棉铃在植株上的着生部位不同，其相应的产量构成因素以及纤维物理性能指标也存在同株差异，如铃重、衣分、子指和绒长、强力、细度等，并表现出一定的规律性。各果枝的第１节结铃性最强，铃重最大，随着果枝从下到上，相同节位棉铃重和衣分呈现出抛物曲线变化趋势，同一果枝上的棉铃，随着节位的外延，铃重和衣分分别表现出降低和增高的直线变化趋势，纤 相似文献
14.
Effects of Planting Date on Sucrose Metabolism in the Leaf Subtending to Cotton Boll,Within-boll Yield Components and Fiber Quality 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
Chen Gong Peng Jinjian Luo Haihua Gao Xin Yuan Changkai Yin Mengyao Xiang Chunling Wang Peipei Tu Qinghua Tang Feiyu 《棉花学报》2013,32(2):102-112
[Objective] The present study aimed to investigate how sucrose metabolism in the leaf subtending to cotton boll, within-boll yield components and fiber quality respond to varying planting dates. [Method] Two upland cotton lines A705 and A201 differing in cotton boll traits were field tested in 2016-2017. Two different planting dates were designed with early planting on April 12, 2016, and April 15, 2017, and late planting on May 6, 2016, and May 28, 2017, respectively. Dynamics of non-structural carbohydrates (sucrose, hexose, starch) and key sucrose metabolism enzymes in the leaf subtending to cotton boll were examined including vacuolar acid invertase, cell wall acid invertase, sucrose phosphate synthase and sucrose synthase. The differences between two planting dates were compared for within- boll yield components, fiber quality and sucrose metabolism related characteristics. [Result] Late planting lengthened the period of cotton boll maturation relative to early planting. Boll weight, seed mass per boll, seed index and fiber length were increased, and lint percentage and micronaire were decreased. Late planting reduced the activities of cell wall acid invertase and sucrose synthase responsible for sucrose degradation, and in turn led to the increment of sucrose concentration in the subtending leaves which might enhance the carbon supply to the opposite bolls. [Conclusion] Lower temperature due to late planting could contribute to the more full development of cotton bolls. Late planting is an alternative consideration in improvement of fiber quality in cotton cultural practices. 相似文献
15.
转Bt基因杂交棉主要性状优势率分布研究 总被引：10，自引：5，他引：10
分析了 73个转 Bt基因抗虫杂交组合 F1主要性状的杂种优势及优势率分布 ,认为 :1杂种一代的霜前皮棉产量、株高、铃重、衣分、霜前花率等性状具有明显的正向优势。 2 5 6%的组合霜前皮棉产量竞争优势 ( CH% )集中在 1 0 .1 %～ 35 %之间 ;子棉总产则以 0 .1～ 2 0 %居多 ;铃重、衣分、子指、霜前花率的 CH%主要分布在 0 .1 %～ 1 5 %之间 ;生育期、2 .5 %跨长为负优势 ,多在 - 5 %～ - 0 .1 %之间。 3与 F1相比 ,除子指、2 .5 %跨长外 ,F2主要性状杂种优势均不同程度下降 ,以子棉总产、霜前皮棉产量、霜前花率、单株铃数降幅较大 ;生育期变化较小 ;铃重、衣分、子指虽比 F1有所下降 ,但仍呈现较强的正向优势 相似文献
16.
棉铃对位叶C/N的变化及其与棉铃干物质积累和分配的关系 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
以产量差异显著的14个棉花品种为材料, 研究棉铃对位叶C/N的变化特征及其与棉铃干物质积累与分配的关系。结果表明, 棉铃对位叶C/N随铃龄的变化可用y=at2+bt+c拟合[ y为C/N, t为铃龄(d), a、b、c为常数], 其主要特征值(a、b、c和C/N最大值)与单铃干物重(即单个棉铃的铃壳、棉籽和纤维3部分干重之和)和铃重(即棉籽和纤维两部分干重之和)存在极显著相关关系, 而与衣分和铃壳率无显著相关关系。以a、b、c和C/N最大值为变量可将14个棉花品种聚类为Ⅰ(美棉33B等6个品种)、Ⅱ(科棉1号等6个品种)和Ⅲ(中棉所35和中棉所38) 3个类群, 三者棉铃对位叶C/N及单铃干物重的变化特征差异显著, 其中类群Ⅲ铃龄10~17 d期间的棉铃对位叶C/N显著高于类群Ⅰ和类群Ⅱ, 铃龄24 d之后仍保持在2.5左右, 整个铃期内变幅最大, 平均值最高, 其单铃干物重快速增长期最长, 平均增长速率最小, 最终单铃干物重和铃重均最大, 但3个类群棉花棉铃干物质在棉铃各部分分配率的动态变化无明显差异, 最终衣分和皮棉产量与棉铃对位叶C/N变化特性无明显相关性。棉铃对位叶C/N变化的基因型差异显著, 棉铃对位叶C/N在铃龄10~17 d期间高、铃龄24 d之后仍维持在相对较高的水平, 有利于棉铃干物质的积累。 相似文献
17.
探讨棉花染色体片段代换系皮棉产量与产量构成因素之间的相关关系,明确其产量育种的主攻方向,以1套陆地棉染色体片段代换系及F1为材料,采用相关与通径分析的方法,对5种环境条件下代换系亲本及F1的皮棉产量与产量构成因素进行分析。结果表明,产量构成因素的变异系数以铃数最大,铃重次之,衣分最小,且F1产量构成因素的变异系数在所有环境下均比代换系亲本要小。铃数、衣分及铃重与皮棉产量均呈正相关,除个别环境外均达到显著性水平,其与皮棉产量的相关和偏相关系数在代换系亲本中以铃数最大,而F1中则以衣分最大。衣分,铃数与皮棉产量的相关程度受环境影响小,而铃重受环境影响较大。除1种环境外,代换系亲本的直接通径系数以铃数最大,衣分次之,铃重最小,而F1中则以衣分最大,铃数次之,铃重最小;代换系亲本中各因素的间接通径系数均为正值,而F1中铃数与铃重相互之间的间接通径系数均为负值。材料类型和环境条件不同,其产量构成因素与皮棉产量的相关程度及贡献大小也存在较大差异。代换系亲本产量育种的主攻目标前期应该重在衣分,后期重在铃数,而F1则始终以提高衣分为主。 相似文献
18.
不同抗源基因棉主要性状杂种优势及差异分析 总被引：3，自引：1，他引：3
主要对三种类型转基因抗虫棉包括国产单价、国产双价及美国单价抗虫棉杂种F1代主要性状的杂种优势及差异进行了分析。结果表明:在产量与产量性状方面,F1霜前皮棉产量、子棉产量、铃重和衣分具有明显的正向优势,其优势组合率分别为95.80%、83.33%、95.45%和87.50%,竞争优势(CH%)分别为27.65%、14.26%、13.13%和11.95%。在农艺性状方面,株高具有明显的正向优势,其竞争优势值为22.64%,而果枝数和单株结铃数优势不明显,其竞争优势分别为2.78%和 7.33%。在纤维品质方面,2.5%跨长、整齐度、比强度均为负优势,伸长率和麦克隆值均为正向优势。不同转基因抗虫棉相比,以sGK321双价抗虫棉为亲本的杂种平均竞争优势CH%最高,以GK12为抗虫亲本的组合伸长率竞争优势最高,以晋棉26为抗虫亲本的组合比强度竞争优势最高,以新棉33B为抗虫亲本的组合2.5%跨长、整齐度和麦克隆值的竞争优势最高。 相似文献
19.
[Objective] The purpose of this study was to map QTLs for yield, maturity, and fiber quality traits of cotton interspecific hybrid populations and to mine favorable alleles from the cotton genome for QTL fine mapping, gene cloning, and molecular marker-assisted selection. [Method] Four BC1F1 populations, E(E3), E(3E), (E3)E, and (3E)E, were developed by crossing sea island cotton 3-79 ("3") and upland cotton 'Emian 22' ("E"), and with "Emian 22" as the recurrent parent. BC1F2 populations derived from BC1F1 populations were phenotyped to allow mapping of QTLs for yield-, maturity-, and fiber quality-related traits on chromosomes showing segregation distortion. [Result] A normal distribution test indicated that six fiber quality-related traits, except for the micronaire value in E (E3) and the short fiber ratio in all populations, followed a normal distribution pattern; in contrast, earliness-related traits were not normally distributed in all populations, which suggests that genotype-environment interactions have strong effects on maturity-related traits. Using composite interval mapping, 47 QTLs were detected on three chromosomes (2, 16, and 18): 15 in (E3)E, 13 in (3E)E, 12 in E(E3), and 7 in E(3E), with the phenotypic variation explained (PVE) ranging from 8.8%–30.9%. A total of 27 fiber-related QTLs were discovered, with the PVE ranging from 9.0%–30.9%. Five yield-related QTLs (PVE = 8.8%–17.4%) and 13 maturity-related QTLs (PVE = 9.4%–19.4%) were also identified. [Conclusion] Comparison analysis showed that most QTLs in our study were consistent with the MetaQTL, including QTLs for boll weight, fiber length, fiber length uniformity, lint percentage, and micronaire value on chromosome 2; QTLs for fiber length, fiber strength, and fiber length uniformity on chromosome 16; and QTLs for boll weight, date of boll opening, fiber length, fiber strength, fiber length uniformity, and micronaire value on chromosome 18. Several detected QTLs in our study were not found in the MetaQTL, such as QTLs for date of boll opening and lint percentage on chromosome 16 and a QTL for the date from seedling to flowering stages on chromosome 18. These newly identified QTLs may provide novel insights for cotton QTL analysis. 相似文献
20.
Yongshan Zhang Shuxun Yu Xiangmo Guo Zhiwei Wang Qinglian Wang Li Chu 《Euphytica》2008,159(1-2):93-102
When alien DNA inserts into the cotton genome in a multicopy manner, several quantitative trait loci (QTLs) in the cotton
genome are disrupted; these are called dQTL in this study. A transgenic mutant line is near-isogenic to its recipient, which
is divergent for the dQTL from the remaining QTLs. Therefore, a set of data from a transgenic QTL line mutated by Agrobacterium-mediated transformation (30074), its recipient and their F1 hybrids, and three elite lines were analyzed under a modified
additive-dominance model with genotype × environment interactions in three different environments to separate the genetic
effects due to dQTL from whole-genome effects. Our result showed that dQTL had significant additive effects on lint percentage,
boll weight, and boll number per square meter, while it had little genetic association with fiber traits, seed cotton yield,
and lint yield. The dQTL in 30074 significantly increased lint percentage and boll number, while significantly decreasing
boll weight, having little effect on fibre traits, while those from the recipient and three elite lines showed significant
genetic effects on lint percentage. In addition, the remaining QTL other than dQTL had significant additive effects on seed
cotton yield, fruiting branch number, uniformity index, micronaire, and short fibre index, and significant dominance effects
on seed cotton yield, lint yield, and boll number per square meter. The additive and dominance effects under homozygous and
heterozygous conditions for each line are also predicted in this study. 相似文献