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大豆是人类膳食和畜禽饲粮中的主要蛋白质来源之一,其中富含大豆异黄酮等生物活性物质。近年来的研究表明,大豆异黄酮具有与哺乳动物内源性雌激素相似的化学结构,能与机体内的雌激素受体结合,发挥类雌激素作用和抗雌激素样作用。大豆异黄酮是否对雌性动物生殖系统产生促进作用,目前仍存在争议。本文从雌性动物生殖器官形态结构、发情周期和卵巢发育、生殖激素和繁殖性能等方面,系统综述和全面分析大豆异黄酮对雌性动物生殖系统的影响,为畜牧业中科学合理利用大豆异黄酮来提高畜禽的生殖性状提供科学依据。 相似文献
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大豆异黄酮属于异黄酮类植物雌激素,具有雌激素双向调节作用,还具有抗肿瘤、预防骨质疏松、抗氧化、抗真菌、抗溶血与保护心血管等多种生理功能。本文将对大豆异黄酮调控免疫机能方面的研究作一综述。 相似文献
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大量医学上的试验证明,大豆异黄酮属于异黄酮类植物雌激素,具有雌激素双向调节作用,还具有抗肿瘤、预防骨质疏松、抗氧化、抗真菌、抗溶血与保护心血管等多种生理功能。文章将对大豆异黄酮调控免疫机能方面的研究作一综述。1大豆异黄酮对机体免疫机能的影响黄酮类化合物对动物免疫功能具有增加、抑制、双 相似文献
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正大豆黄酮是一种大豆异黄酮类植物雌激素,具有一定的雌激素样作用,是一种重要的生理活性物质。天然大豆黄酮主要存在于豆科植物中,尤其是成熟的大豆种子中的含量特别高[1]。大豆黄酮是天然的有效活性成分之一,研究发现它具有抗氧化、提高机体免疫功能、调节脂肪分解与合成、调节血脂血压等作用[2]。大豆黄酮这种非常有效的饲料添加剂,已广泛应用于畜牧生产中。1大豆黄酮的来源及其理化性质天然大豆黄酮的主要来源是大豆及其他豆科植物。大豆黄酮和染料木素合称为大豆异黄酮。大豆异黄酮主要存在于大豆种子的子叶和胚轴,种皮中含量很少。大豆黄酮化学名称为4,7一二羟 相似文献
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大豆异黄酮是大豆中富含的一类黄酮类化合物。由于其具有较弱的雌激素活性．大豆异黄酮在治疗和预防与雌激素有关的疾病方面具有重要的功效。大豆异黄酮还具有促进畜禽日增重、提高饲料利用率和生产性能以及促进畜禽免疫机能等生理功能。介绍了大豆异黄酮的性质、作用机理、在畜禽养殖中的应用及在医学中的功效。 相似文献
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大豆黄酮的生理功能及应用 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
大豆黄酮属异黄酮类植物雌激素,具有弱雌激素样活性,在畜牧生产中作为饲料添加剂,可促进动物生长、增强免疫力和繁殖性能等.本文就大豆黄酮的生理功能及其应用加以综述. 相似文献
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大豆黄酮属异黄酮类植物雌激素,具有弱雌激素样活性,在畜牧生产中作为饲料添加剂,可促进动物生长、增强免疫力和繁殖性能等。本文就大豆黄酮的生理功能及其应用加以综述。 相似文献
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Placental and breastfeeding transfer of soy isoflavones are potential routes for animal and human exposure to phytoestrogens, and reproductive dysfunctions have been linked to early exposure to these compounds. So, the aim of this study was to investigate the effects of perinatal (intrauterine and lactational) exposure to soy‐containing diet and soy‐derived isoflavones on the reproductive parameters of male rabbits. For this purpose, 12 female rabbits were randomly assigned to receive: (1) a soy‐ and alfalfa‐free diet (control diet); (2) a soy‐ and alfalfa‐free diet supplemented with 10 mg/kg body wt/day of soy isoflavones; (3) a soy‐ and alfalfa‐free diet supplemented with 20 mg/kg body wt/day of soy isoflavones; and (4) a diet containing 18% of soy meal, throughout gestation and lactation. Weight and morphology of the reproductive organs of some of the male offspring were evaluated at weaning (between days 29 and 31). The remaining males were placed on the control diet from weaning to adulthood (gestational and lactational exposure only). Sexual behaviour, semen quality and reproductive organs’ morphology were evaluated after puberty. There were no significant differences in litter size and gestation duration between control and treatment groups. Perinatal exposure to soy‐containing diet and soy isoflavones did not alter testis, epididymides, proprostate and prostate weight and gross morphology. After puberty, sexual behaviour and semen parameters did not differ significantly from the control group. These results indicate that intrauterine and lactational exposure to soy‐containing diet and soy‐derived isoflavones may not adversely affect reproductive development and function of male rabbits. 相似文献
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大豆异黄酮对奶牛脾脏和肠系淋巴结淋巴细胞干扰素γ、白介素2和白介素4浓度以及雌激素受体β mRNA表达的影响 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
本试验旨在研究大豆异黄酮对奶牛脾脏与肠系淋巴结淋巴细胞增殖、活化及细胞因子分泌的影响.采用单因素试验设计,不同浓度的大豆异黄酮[0.00(对照)、0.25、1.00、5.00、25.00和100.00μg/mL]与淋巴细胞于37℃、5％CO2下分别共育4、24和48h,采用双抗夹心酶联免疫法测定培养上清液中的干扰素γ、白介素2和白介素4的浓度,用实时定量PCR法测定脾脏和肠系淋巴结的淋巴细胞中雌激素受体βmRNA表达量.结果表明:1)0.25和1.00 μg/mL的大豆异黄酮与脾脏淋巴细胞共育一定时间后均能显著或极显著提高培养上清液中干扰素γ和白介素2的浓度(P＜0.05或P＜0.01),48 h后,5.00和25.00 μg/mL大豆异黄酮能显著抑制脾脏淋巴细胞干扰素γ和白介素2分泌(P＜0.05).2)1.00和5.00 μg/mL大豆异黄酮与肠系淋巴结淋巴细胞共育一定时间后干扰素γ和白介素2浓度均显著或极显著提高(P＜0.05或P＜0.01);0.25 μg/mL大豆异黄酮趋于增加二者浓度,但差异不显著(P＜0.05);48 h后,25.00 μg/mL大豆异黄酮抑制了干扰素γ(P＜0.05)和白介素2(P＜0.05)的分泌.3)与对照组相比,试验组脾脏淋巴细胞白介素4浓度无显著变化(P＞0.05),而肠系淋巴结淋巴细胞白介素4浓度显著或极显著降低(P ＜0.05或P＜0.01).4)大豆异黄酮能够提高脾脏淋巴细胞干扰素γ/白介素4,但趋于降低肠系淋巴结淋巴细胞干扰素γ/白介素4.5)大豆异黄酮显著或极显著提高了奶牛脾脏和肠系淋巴结中淋巴细胞雌激素受体βmRNA的表达量(P＜0.05或P＜0.01),且二者间存在正比的剂量关系.总之,大豆异黄酮能够促进奶牛脾脏和肠系淋巴结中淋巴细胞分泌干扰素γ和白介素2,提高干扰素γ/白介素4,促进雌激素受体βmRNA表达,降低白介素4浓度;低剂量(0.25～5.00 μg/mL)的大豆异黄酮能够获得较好免疫促进效果,而高剂量(25.00～100.00μg/mL)更能促进雌激素受体βmRNA表达. 相似文献
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选取200只1日龄健康的蛋鸡,随机平均分为2组：试验组（T组）日粮中添加大豆异黄酮提取物20mg/kg,对照组（C组）饲喂基础日粮,分别于10、15、22、29、37日龄取材,制作石蜡切片及HE染色,显微成像系统测定十二指肠、空肠和回肠的绒毛长度、隐窝深度和肌层厚度。结果显示,随着日龄（15~37日龄）的增长,T组蛋鸡十二指肠、空肠和回肠的肌层厚度和V/C值都有低于C组蛋鸡的趋势。结果说明,20mg/kg的大豆异黄酮提取物的添加量对蛋鸡的小肠肠道黏膜结构有负面影响,不利于蛋鸡的生长。 相似文献
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Xiao-xue Yuan Bin Zhang Li-li Li Chao-wu Xiao Jue-xin Fan Mei-mei Geng Yu-long Yin 《畜牧与生物技术杂志(英文版)》2012,3(1):1-8
Background
Soybean isoflavones are structurally similar to mammalian estrogens and therefore may act as estrogen agonists or antagonists. However, it has not been determined if they have any negative effects on reproductive parameters in male livestock. Therefore, the objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of soybean isoflavones on male reproduction using Chinese mini-pig boars as a model. Fifty Xiang boars were randomly divided into five groups and fed diets containing 0, 125, 250, or 500 ppm soybean isoflavones or 0.5 ppm diethylstilbestrol for 60 days.Results
Dietary supplementation with 250 ppm of soy isoflavones markedly increased the testis index (P < 0.05), fructose content (P < 0.05), and α-glycosidase content in testicular tissue (P < 0.01), as well as increased the number of viable germ cells (P < 0.01) and the level of Bcl-2 protein (P < 0.01). However, 500 ppm of soybean isoflavones significantly reduced both testis and epididymis indexes (P < 0.05) and lactate dehydrogenase levels (P < 0.01), as well as reduced serum LH and testosterone levels (P < 0.05). High levels of soybean isoflavones also increased malondialdehyde levels (P < 0.05), as well as increased the numbers of early and late apoptotic germ cells (P < 0.01) and the level of Bax proteins (P < 0.05) in the testis.Conclusions
The results of this study indicate that consumption of soy isoflavones at dietary levels up to 250 ppm did not adversely affect reproductive parameters in Chinese mini-pig boars whereas higher levels of soy isoflavones may adversely affect male reproduction. 相似文献16.
AIM: To identify and quantify concentrations of the isoflavones genistein, daidzein, biochanin A and formononetin in commercially- prepared feline diets sold in New Zealand. METHODS: Feline diets (n=138) were collected from supermarkets, pet stores and veterinary clinics in New Zealand. Diets were classified into five categories based on the following criteria: the presence/absence of soy, the presence/absence of non-soy plant material, and dry matter (DM) content. A high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC)-based assay was developed and validated to identify and quantify concentrations of the isoflavones genistein, daidzein, biochanin A and formononetin. RESULTS: Isoflavones were detected in all categories of diet, and at quantifiable concentrations in 104/138 (75%) of the diets tested. More dry diets (127/138; 92%) contained isoflavones at quantifiable concentrations than moist diets (83/138; 60%, p<0.001). Of the isoflavone-positive diets, moist diets that contained soy had the highest median isoflavone content (71.1 mg/kg DM and 0.018 mg/kcal metabolisable energy; ME) whilst moist meat-only diets had the lowest (3.24 mg/kg DM and 0.0004 mg/kcal ME). Isoflavone contents varied similarly between categories of diet whether evaluated on a DM or ME basis. High isoflavone contents were associated with diets containing soy and those of low cost. Biochanin A and formononetin were found at concentrations above the detection limit of the assay in 25/138 (18%) and 7/138 (5%) of the diets analysed, respectively. The estimated median daily isoflavone exposure for cats consuming feline diets sold in New Zealand ranged from 0.03 mg/kg bodyweight (BW) for moist meat-only diets to 1.47 mg/kg BW for moist diets containing soy, whilst the diet with the highest isoflavone content would provide daily exposure of 8.13 mg/kg BW. CONCLUSIONS: Isoflavones are present in commercially-prepared feline diets sold in New Zealand at concentrations that have elicited physiological responses in the reproductive, endocrine, and immune systems of other mammalian species. Since isoflavones appear to be a common constituent of feline diets, further investigation of the biological activities of these dietary compounds in cats is warranted. 相似文献
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OBJECTIVE: To determine the absolute and relative soy isoflavone content in commercial cat foods. SAMPLE POPULATION: 14 dry, 6 semimoist, and 22 moist commercial cat foods. PROCEDURE: Soy isoflavone content of each food was determined by use of acid-methanol hydrolysis and high-pressure liquid chromatography with ultraviolet absorbance detection. Isoflavones were identified and quantified by reference to authentic standards. RESULTS: Genistein and daidzein were the major soy isoflavones identified in 24 of 42 foods, with concentrations ranging from 1 to 163 microg/g of food. Foods labeled as containing soybean solids (16/42) had isoflavone concentrations > 11 microg/g. More dry (13/14) and semimoist (6/6) foods contained isoflavones than moist foods (5/22). Isoflavone content and food cost were negatively correlated for dry and semimoist foods but not for moist foods. Total amount of isoflavone consumed by cats fed these soy-containing foods as a sole maintenance diet was estimated to be between 0.6 and 4.5 mg/kg of body weight/d, which is comparable to concentrations in humans that result in a measurable although modest effect on serum concentrations of steroid and thyroid hormones. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Genistein and daidzein are common constituents of commercial cat foods. Predictors of isoflavone content included ingredient labeling, food type, and food cost. Soy isoflavones in some commercial cat foods were detected in amounts predicted to have a biological effect. 相似文献
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Woclawek-Potocka I Piskula MK Bah M Siemieniuch MJ Korzekwa A Brzezicka E Skarzynski DJ 《The Journal of reproduction and development》2008,54(5):358-363
The present study compared the changes in isoflavones (daidzein and genistein) and their metabolite (equol and para-ethyl-phenol) concentrations in the blood plasma of cyclic and pregnant heifers after feeding with soy bean. Twelve healthy heifers were divided into three groups: cyclic heifers (days 8-12 of the estrous cycle; control group; n=4), an early pregnancy group (2 months pregnant; n=4) and a late pregnancy group (8 months pregnant; n=4). All heifers were fed a single dose of 2.5 kg of soy bean and then blood samples were taken from the jugular vein for 8 h at predetermined intervals. The concentrations of soy bean-derived isoflavones and their active metabolites were measured in the blood plasma on an HPLC system. In the blood plasma of the early- and late-pregnant heifers, we found lower concentrations and time-dependent decreases in daidzein and genistein in comparison to cyclic heifers (P<0.05). Moreover, we noticed significant increases of equol and para-ethyl-phenol in the blood plasma of the early-pregnant heifers (P<0.05). In contrast, in the blood plasma of the late-pregnant heifers, we did not find an increase in the isoflavone metabolite concentrations compared with the early-pregnant heifers (P>0.05). In conclusion, physiological status (cyclicity or pregnancy) of the females influenced the concentrations of isoflavone metabolites in the blood plasma of the heifers. The stage of pregnancy affects isoflavone absorption, biotransformation and metabolism differently and results in higher concentrations of active metabolites of isoflavones during early pregnancy in comparison to their lower concentrations during late pregnancy. Therefore, we surmise that cows are more sensitive to active isoflavone metabolite actions during early pregnancy than cyclic heifers and heifers in late pregnancy. 相似文献
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Sara Caceres Gema Silvn Maria J. Illera Pilar Millan Gabriel Moyano Juan C. Illera 《Reproduction in domestic animals》2019,54(6):855-863
Puberty is considered a critical period on development that involved sexual maturation and morphological changes. Isoflavones have been described as endocrine disruptors in male rats. Therefore, the present study attempt to evaluate the effect that daily intake of low and high doses of isoflavones exert into the hormonal regulation that take place during puberty by analyzing the levels of serum and testes steroid and pituitary hormones. 108 male pre‐puberal Wistar rats (30 days old) were randomly divided into three groups; control, low and high doses of isoflavones. Experimental animals were daily dosed orally with low and high doses of a mixture of two soy isoflavones (genistein and daidzein) during 6 weeks. An EIA was performed in serum and testes homogenates for analyzing FSH, LH, P5, P4, DHEA, A4, T, DHT, SO4E1 and E2 hormone concentrations. Results revealed a decrease of an oestrogen environment in testes stimulates the secretion of FSH and LH leading to the production of androgens in the testes at the onset of puberty. Low doses of isoflavones resulted in a significant increase of testes oestrogens that consequently produced a delay on the onset of puberty; however at high doses of isoflavones the maintained oestrogenic environment in the testes prevent the stimulation of the secretion of pituitary hormones and the production of T abolishing the onset of puberty. These results clarify the hormonal mechanisms that take place on puberty and determine the effect of high and low doses of isoflavones at the onset of puberty. 相似文献
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1. Soy isoflavones play a role in calcium and bone metabolism. Poor egg quality, skeletal abnormalities and architectural deterioration of bone tissue are common problems under hot climate conditions and with increased age in poultry. 2. In this study, we investigated the effects of soy isoflavone supplementation on egg production, egg quality, bone mineral density (BMD), levels of osteocalcin (OC), vitamin D, calcium (Ca), phosphorus (P) and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity in quail (Coturnix coturnix japonica) during the late laying period. 3. The birds (n = 180; 28 weeks old) were randomly assigned to 6 treatment groups consisting of 6 replicates of 5 birds each in a 2 x 3 factorial arrangement of treatments (temperatures, soy isoflavone concentration). Birds were kept in wire cages in a temperature-controlled room at either 22 degrees C (thermo-neutral, TN) or 34 degrees C (heat stress, HS) for 8 h/d (09:00 to 17:00 h; until the end of the study) and fed either on a basal (control) diet or on the basal diet supplemented with either 400 or 800 mg of soy isoflavones/kg of diet. 4. Heat exposure reduced feed intake, egg production, egg quality, BMD, OC, vitamin D, Ca, P and ALP when the basal diet was given. Feed intake, egg production and egg weight were not affected, while eggshell thickness and eggshell weight increased in soy isoflavone-supplemented quails reared under TN conditions. However, feed intake, egg production, egg weight, eggshell thickness, eggshell weight and Haugh units were positively influenced by soy isoflavone supplementation in HS groups for quail during the late laying period. Bone mineral density, serum OC, vitamin D, Ca, P levels and ALP activity were significantly improved by soy isoflavone supplementation in both the TN and HS groups in quail during the late laying period. 5. Soy isoflavone supplementation of basal diet significantly improved egg quality and bone mineralisation in quail during the late laying period. 相似文献