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随着科学技术的不断创新,通讯事业飞速发展,千家万户都安上了电话,家畜繁育改良工作也由过去在繁育中心坐家配种转变为主动到农户家中服务,母畜保定就成了当前比较棘手的问题.为了解决母畜保定问题,我们采用了以下几种方法仅供参考. 相似文献
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二十世纪前半期一、意大利蜂的引入1903￣1920年,西方蜂种(主要是意蜂)及新养蜂法先传入福建、广东、香港、天津、北京等地,不久也传入黑龙江省。民国初年的养蜂情况《珠河县志》有以下记载:"民国初年,西洋蜂种及养蜂法传来以后, 相似文献
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(一)病因类型 1.消化不良型:母猪产前精料喂的过多,或突然更换饲料,加重胃肠负担,引起消化不良.此病常发于分娩之后,体温正常,食欲不振,粪便先干后稀,有的病猪喜欢喝点成汤,有的吃点鲜块茎和生米等食物,但数量不大,严重者食欲废绝. 相似文献
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随着年关临近，为了确保产区农民收入稳定增长，近日，政府有关部门出台了东北储备粮收购计划。在该重大利好政策拉动之下，我国部分产区玉米价格有望触底反弹，但受市场供应依然充足、需求整体依旧偏弱影响，国内玉米市场行情涨跌两难，具体分析如下： 相似文献
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1 配种准备期的管理 1.1营养供给原则 要维持本身的需要,使其肥胖度适中,外形匀称.另外,补充由于繁殖而消耗的营养物质,供给冬毛生长所需的营养物质.建议日粮标准是:10～11月份,鱼肉类10%～15%,动物副产品5%～10%,谷物70%,蔬菜10%.食盐2.5%,骨粉5%～10%,12月到明年1月份,鱼肉类20%～25%,动物副产品5%～10%,谷物'70%,蔬菜10%,酵母5%～8%,食盐2.5%,骨粉5%～10%,维生素A、B适量.给饲标准:10～11月份每只每日550～700g;12月份到明年1月份每只每日400～500g. 相似文献
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<正>河南省地处黄河中下游，蚕业生产历史悠久。建国50年以来，尤其是近20g间，经过“七·五”至“八·五”的迅速发展和“九·五”、“十·五”的稳步调整，河南蚕业生产规模基本稳定，生产水平得到提高。目前全省桑园面积1．67万hm~2，年产桑蚕茧6000t，与建国时相比，桑园面积和蚕茧产量分别增长了24倍和42．2倍，与改革开放初期的1978年相比，分别增长了2．25倍和4．18倍；蚕业深加工等综合产值达到10亿元，农民收入达5亿元，出口创汇8600多万美元。“九·五”、“十·五”期间，河南茧丝绸业保持着北方诸省(山东、陕西省除外)生产、出口主要基地和传统优势产业、出口创汇大户的地位。蚕业生产已成为不少平原和山区农民脱贫致富奔小康的支柱产业。 1 “九·五”、“十·五”实际生产情况 1．1 实际生产情况 1．1．1 生产规模保持基本稳定桑蚕生产在经历了1995年“全面下滑”桑园规模大幅度缩减后，“九·五”期间，全省蚕茧的总产和年产量也相应减少，但集中产 相似文献
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夏秋季节龟活动较多,或运输中腹甲损伤,或池子粗糙引起磨损龟甲后而导致龟甲内局部红肿发炎,多数常见于腹甲内部有出血斑块,并向四周浸润扩散,严重时可波及整个龟甲,引起败血症而死亡.池中水质差、消毒少、水底氧气少时易产生大量单孢杆菌是引起此病的元凶. 相似文献
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The objective of this study was to examine whether susceptible calves grazing together with second-year resistant heifers are less exposed to trichostrongylid infection than are calves grazing on their own. Two groups of animals representing each age category were turned out onto pasture on 24 May 1997 and grazed at comparable stocking rates. The grazing of calves and heifers together was compared to groups of each age category grazing separately. The results indicated that herbage larval counts were significantly reduced in the second part of the grazing season on the plot grazed by the mixed group compared to the plot grazed by the first-season calves only. The mixed grazing strategy protected the young calves and no clinical signs were observed in this group, while most of the calves that grazed alone exhibited clinical signs. The availability of herbage was reduced towards the end of the season, with subsequent competition for the grass forcing all the animals to graze the tufts around the faecal pats, where the quality of the grass is poor and the numbers of infective larvae are high. The effect of this was visible in the form of increased parasite burdens in the calves that were grazed together with the heifers, confirmed by increased blood serum pepsinogen concentrations and reduced daily weight gains in the second part of the grazing season. The lower numbers of infective larvae on the pasture were probably achieved through the heifers ingesting many of the larvae but subsequently depositing relatively few eggs, since they had acquired some degree of resistance against trichostrongylid infections during their first grazing season. Thus they did not suffer any parasitological ill-effects during mixed grazing with first-season calves. 相似文献
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The aim of this study was to determine the influence of a 10-month training programme on the linear, temporal and angular characteristics of the fore and hind limbs at the trot in the Andalusian horse, using standard computer-aided videography. Sixteen male Andalusian horses were observed before and after training. Six strides were randomly selected for analysis in each horse and linear, temporal and angular parameters were calculated for fore and hind limbs. The training programme used here produced significant changes in kinematic parameters, such as shortening of stride length, and increase in swing duration and a decrease in hind limb stance percentage. No significant differences were recorded in the angular values for the forelimb joints. In trained horses, the more proximal joints of the hind limb, especially the hip and stifle, had a greater flexion while the fetlock showed a smaller extension angle. At the beginning of the swing phase, hip and stifle joints presented angles that were significantly more flexed. When the hind limbs came into contact with the ground, all the joints presented greater flexion after training. 相似文献
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H. Pfannkuche F. Taifour J. Steinhoff‐Wagner H. M. Hammon G. Gäbel 《Journal of animal physiology and animal nutrition》2014,98(1):140-148
The monocarboxylate transporter 1 (MCT1) has been demonstrated to be involved in the transfer of short‐chain fatty acids (SCFA) and/or their intraepithelial metabolites from the rumen to the blood. As MCT1 plays a role in SCFA transfer, it is assumed that SCFA are the main substrates influencing its expression. However, there are hints that MCT1 may also be expressed during the early life of the animal when SCFA are not released in the forestomach. To figure out whether MCT1 expression in the forestomach is influenced independently of SCFA during that period, we studied post‐natal MCT1 expression immunohistochemically in the epithelia of omasum, atrium ruminis, saccus dorsalis ruminis, saccus ventralis ruminis and reticulum of calves born preterm and at term. The calves were nourished by colostrum or by milk‐based formula diet. MCT1 could be found in all the forestomach compartments tested, even in preterm calves. The protein was mainly oriented to the luminal side in the immature epithelium 24 h after birth. Orientation to the blood side of the cells developed during the first 4 days after birth. In the rumen epithelia (but not in the other forestomach compartments tested), orientation of MCT1 to the blood side of the cells was paralleled by an increase in the overall expression rate during the first 4 days after birth. As lactate levels were very high directly after birth, a lactate‐dependent substrate induction may have been the underlying mechanism. However, non‐specific changes due to general differential processes might also be the cause. Both early upregulation of MCT1 and high blood lactate levels may provide the epithelia with lactate as energy source. 相似文献
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本实验以兔为实验动物，进行超数排卵处理，在排卵前后一段时间，对卵巢上可见卵泡酸性磷酸酶（Ａｃｐａｓｅ）变化进行研究。发情盛期，卵泡成纤维细胞、内膜细胞和颗粒细胞中，Ａｃｐａｓｅ反应较弱，只是在个别固缩行将脱落的颗粒细胞中有较强的酶反应；排卵初期细胞内和溶酶体内Ａｃｐａｓｅ反应显著增强，并参与排印过程；排卵开始后１５小时，卵泡中的白细胞和细胞中胞溶酶体增多，均含有大量Ａｃｐａｓｅ，此时Ａｃｐａｓｅ参与细胞的清除和黄体化细胞的修复过程。 相似文献
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Mishra S Kataria JM Sah RL Verma KC Mishra JP 《Tropical animal health and production》2001,33(4):313-320
Newcastle disease viruses isolated from chickens and guinea fowl were characterized as viscerotropic, velogenic strains on the basis of their mean death time, intracerebral pathogenicity index, intravenous pathogenicity index and cloacal and conjunctival mean death time. The pathogenesis of the disease caused by both the strains was studied in 4-week-old guinea fowl. Both strains had an incubation period of 5 days and the birds showed dullness, depression, anorexia, diarrhoea and paralysis of the legs. They also exhibited nervous signs such as incoordination, muscle tremors and trembling of the neck at the advanced stage of the disease. Mortality reached 52% in the group infected with the chicken isolate but it was only 8% in the birds infected with the guinea fowl isolate. No specific changes were observed at post-mortem examination except haemorrhages at the tip of the glands of the proventriculus and in the caecal tonsil. Changes in the lymphoid organs and brain were always present in both the groups. Despite the low mortality, the guinea fowl isolated had multiplied in various organs in the birds. In both groups, the frequency of virus isolation increased from 5 to 10 days post infection. 相似文献
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瘙痒是犬皮肤病的典型临床症状之一，通常除瘙痒外还常伴脱毛、红斑等皮肤症状。瘙痒问题不仅困扰动物本身，也影响到饲养者的生活质量。瘙痒的发生机制复杂，目前国内外已有大量对人和犬瘙痒性皮肤病的临床和基础研究，揭示了瘙痒和神经免疫系统之间的关系，引入了"瘙痒-抓挠"循环的概念，且表明了免疫系统、皮肤屏障和神经系统的单独促进作用和交互作用是瘙痒产生的关键因素，任一环节的问题都可开启"瘙痒-抓挠"的恶性循环。临床上引起犬瘙痒的病因复杂，参照2007年由国际瘙痒研究论坛成员提出的瘙痒分类，将引起犬瘙痒的疾病根据病因类比对应分为了六大类，引起皮肤病性瘙痒的疾病分为了感染性、过敏性、肿瘤性等，其中在临床上最主要的是犬过敏性瘙痒。犬瘙痒性皮肤病的诊断方法及鉴别诊断多样，需从多方面对患病犬进行信息收集，按一定顺序进行排查和鉴别诊断。犬瘙痒性皮肤病的治疗周期长且疾病易反复，目前常用的西医药物存在副作用大、靶点单一、价格昂贵等不足，中药方剂成分复杂，有效成分多，可从多通路多途径治疗机制复杂的瘙痒，在犬瘙痒性皮肤病的治疗上具有优势和广阔前景。文章对瘙痒发生的机制、犬瘙痒性疾病的分类、诊断及中西医治疗思路等最新研究进展进行综述，以期为小动物临床瘙痒相关疾病的诊治提供参考依据。 相似文献
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本文以高效液相色谱（High Performance Liquid Chromatography,HPLC）作为硝基苯在奶牛体内主要代谢产物的定量手段,采用MCPKP自动化药动学分析程序分析其浓度-时间数据,以不同剂量硝基苯,通过奶牛自由饮水持续经口染毒,分别研究了硝基苯的三种主要代谢产物氨基酚、硝基苯胺和硝基酚在奶牛尿液中的动态变化规律和残留消除规律。结果表明,奶牛尿液中只有代谢产物氨基酚,说明动物染毒硝基苯后,氨基酚是尿中唯一的高剂量排泄物,并且氨基酚浓度随时间而变化的规律符合一级吸收一室模型。 相似文献
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A knowledge of the microbiological status of milk and of the different structures in the mammary glands has great importance
in elucidating the pathogenesis of mammary gland infections. The objective of this study was to evaluate the microbiological
status of various structures in the mammary glands from naturally infected dairy cows following slaughter. A total of 94 samples
of milk, 184 samples of mammary parenchyma, 168 samples of gland cisterns, and 168 samples of teat cisterns were collected
for microbiological examination. Microorganisms were detected in 59.9% of all samples, 67.0% of the milk samples, 70.1% of
the mammary parenchymas, 55.9% of the gland cisterns and 48.8% of the teat cistern samples. When all samples were considered,
coagulase-negative Staphylococcus were the most prevalent (35.7%) followed by coagulase-positive Staphylococcus (12.2%), Corynebacterium bovis (2.4%), Prototheca sp. (1.9%), and Streptococcus dysgalactiae (1.5%). There was a significantly higher occurrence of microorganisms in the milk and mammary parenchyma compared to the
gland cisterns and teat cisterns.
This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date. 相似文献