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1.
In Hungary, black locust (Robinia pseudoacacia L.) is one of the most important exotic species, forming entire stands. Its importance is increasing in many other countries. As a result of a new selection program eight black locust clones have been improved for establishing clone trials and a seed orchard. In this study juvenile growth and stem quality of micropropagated clones of black locust were evaluated on a marginal site in central Hungary. At ten years old, the clones ’MB17D3/4’ and ’PV201E2/4’ appeared to be especially promising for high quality wood production under arid hydrological conditions. A tissue culture method can be considered a suitable tool of propagating superior individual trees and offers new prospects for the rapid cloning of selected genotypes. 相似文献
2.
Karoly Redei Zoltan Osvath-Bujtas Irina Veperdi 《中国林学(英文版)》2006,8(4):47-50
Black locust (Robinia pseudoacacia L.) is one of the most important stand-forming tree species in Hungary and its importance is increasing in many countries. The main aim of the discussed new selection programme is to identify black locust clones with good performance and good form for setting up clonal seed orchards. As a result of selection programme 16 new black locust clones have been improved. In spring 2002 a black locust seed orchard was established with the newly selected clones. About 40% of the plants can be considered to belong to the height growth rate class 1 and 2. Hungary was the first country where micropropagated black locust planting material was used for seed orchard establishment. 相似文献
3.
Black locust (Robinia pseudoacacia L.) is one of the most important stand-forming tree species in Hungary and its importance is increasing in many countries. The main aim of the discussed new selection programme is to identify black locust clones with good performance and good form for setting up clonal seed orchards. As a result of selection programme 16 new black locust clones have been improved. In spring 2002 a black locust seed orchard was established with the newly selected clones. About 40% of the plants can be considered to belong to the height growth rate class 1 and 2. Hungary was the first country where micropropagated black locust planting material was used for seed orchard establishment. 相似文献
4.
Black locust (Robinia pseudoacacia L.) is one of the most important stand-forming tree species in Hungary and its importance is increasing in many countries. The main aim of the discussed new selection programme is to identify black locust clones with good performance and good form for setting up clonal seed orchards. As a result of selection programme 16 new black locust clones have been improved. In spring 2002 a black locust seed orchard was established with the newly selected clones. About 40% of the plants can be considered to belong to the height growth rate class 1 and 2. Hungary was the first country where micropropagated black locust planting material was used for seed orchard establishment. 相似文献
5.
5年生刺槐4个无性系的枝干生物量及热值对比分析 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
对河南省陕县5年生的3-I、豫刺槐1号、匈牙利四倍体、一般刺槐(CK)4个刺槐无性系的生物量、灰分含量、干质量热值和去灰分热值进行分析。结果表明:无性系间单位干质量热值和去灰分热值差异显著,分别在3750～3950kcal·kg-1与3800～4000kcal·kg-1之间,高低排序均为3-I>CK>豫刺槐1号>匈牙利四倍体;部位间单位干质量热值和去灰分热值差异显著,分别在3800～3960kcal·kg-1与3840～4000kcal·kg-1之间,高低排序均为树干中部>树枝>树干上部>树干下部;无性系间单株枝干干质量热值和去灰分热值差异显著,分别在10900～35000kcal与11000～35500kcal之间,无性系间单株枝干热值排序与枝干总生物量排序一致,均为豫刺槐1号>3-I>CK>匈牙利四倍体。综合热值、灰分含量和生物量分析,对刺槐进行能源林经营的品种选择是有效的,无性系豫刺槐1号选做能源刺槐树种栽培最为理想,3-I次之;树干中部为理想能量部位,树枝次之。 相似文献
6.
Koly REI 《林业研究》2002,13(4)
匈牙利刺槐((RobiniapseudoacaciaL.)是在17世纪初从北美引入到欧洲的第一个森林树种。在匈牙利,刺槐是非常重要的速生树种,为经济和生态目的,可以成功营造刺槐人工林。结合该树种的生长特点选择营林措施,可以最大限度的提高刺槐人工林的成活率和生产力。本文根据林分结构和森林产量长期实验林的研究成果,提出了刺槐林的抚育作业次序。制定好的营林计划和模式将会培育出效益刺槐林,并能使土地经营者更好地接受该树种。同时,刺槐也是一个非常有用的能源生产树种,本文展示了对这方面的研究成果。图2表1参8。 相似文献
7.
Patterns of fine root biomass, production, and distribution were estimated for pure stands and mixtures of three-year-old loblolly pine (Pinus taeda L.) with red maple (Acer rubrum L.) or black locust (Robinia pseudoacacia L.) on the Virginia Piedmont to determine the role of fine roots in interference between pine and hardwood tree species. Estimates were based on amounts of live and dead fine roots separated from monthly core samples during the third growing season after planting. Live and dead fine root biomass and production varied by species, but mixtures of loblolly pine and black locust generally had greater fine root biomass and fine root production than pure stands or loblolly pine-red maple mixtures. Hardwood species had greater live fine root biomass per tree in mixtures with pine compared to pure stands. Greater live fine root biomass in pine-locust stands may be attributed to differential utilization of the soil volume by fine roots of these species. For all stands, approximately 50% of live five root biomass was located in the upper 10 cm of soil. 相似文献
8.
KarolyREDEI 《林业研究》2002,13(4):260-264
匈牙利刺槐（（Robinia pseudoacacia L.)是在17世纪初从北美引入到欧洲的第个森林树种。在匈牙利，刺槐是非常重要的速生树种，为经济和生态目的，可以成功营造刺槐人工林。结合该树种的生长特点选择营林措施，可以最大限度的提高刺槐人工林的成活率和生产力。本文根据林分结构和森林产量长期实验林的研究成果，提出了刺槐林的抚育作业次序。制定好的营林计划和模式将会培育出效益刺槐林，并能使土地经营者更好地接受该树种。同时，刺槐也是一个非常有用的能源生产树种，本文展示了对这方面的研究成果。图2表1参8。 相似文献
9.
《Forest Ecology and Management》1997,98(1):49-60
A red alder planting spacing study was used to compare three modeling approaches that have been successfully used for other tree species. These three approaches predict stand structure and dynamics in plantations that are 7 to 16 years old, with planting densities of 976 to 13 899 trees/ha. The diameter-distribution-prediction approach tended to over-predict the diameter at breast height (dbh) for larger trees in stands planted at low density and to under-predict dbh for smaller trees in stands planted at high density. This approach may be useful for comparing planting densities when a tree list is not available. The stand-table-projection approach tended to under-predict dbh for smaller trees in young stands planted at low density and to over-predict dbh for smaller trees in young stands planted at high density. This approach, however, provided consistency between stand- and tree-level growth projections, and should be useful for comparing planting densities when a tree list is available. The individual-tree-growth approach provided the best representations of observed diameter distributions at all planting densities, stand ages, and growth intervals. This approach may be best suited for stands that have been thinned, stands with mixtures of species, and stands with heterogeneous size classes. 相似文献
10.
11.
为了比较不同蓝莓品种的生长结果特性,2012年由山东省引入‘莱格西’‘布里吉塔’‘奥尼尔’‘夏普蓝’‘灿烂’‘贵蓝’6个蓝莓品种在湖南森蓝农业科技有限公司蓝莓科技园进行了对比试验。连续4 a测定了树体生长量、抽梢特性、枝条结果能力、单果质量和单株产量,以其平均值作为蓝莓品种生产特性的评价指标。结果表明,‘灿烂’品种明显优于其它5个品种,其树体高大茂盛,苗高73.66 cm,冠幅88.38 cm,平均单果质量1.74 g,单株产量1.16 kg,可以作为早产、高产的优良品种在湖南长沙地区进行推广。 相似文献
12.
为合理经营黄土高原区刺槐人工林,利用LAI-2200植物冠层分析仪,研究了不同密度刺槐人工林冠层结构特征及月变化。结果表明:密度对LAI(叶面积指数)有影响,随着密度的增加,林分叶面积指数趋于一致;在生长月份上,LAI为先增后降趋势,最大值出现在6月底。密度与冠层开度呈显著负相关,随着密度的增加,刺槐林DIFN明显降低,925～1 125株/hm2与其他3个密度林分有显著性差异;DIFN(无截取散射)随月份的变化均呈"V"字型变化,在6月底至8月初DIFN最低。密度与MTA(平均叶倾角)呈显著正相关,密度在925～1 125株/hm2范围的刺槐林分,叶片几乎处于水平状态,其他3种密度林分MTA均在40°～50°之间有最大分布频率,而月份对MTA影响不显著。对叶面积指数与冠层开度进行回归分析,发现两者之间呈指数回归关系(R2=0.998)。 相似文献
13.
A. Kalinganire 《Forest Ecology and Management》1996,80(1-3):279-285
The growth of Grevillea robusta A. Cunn. ex R.Br. in plantations and on farms was assessed on 67 sites selected at random in the major ecological zones of Rwanda. The following parameters were assessed: diameter at breast height, tree height, altitude above sea level, annual rainfall and temperature, soil pH, soil type, soil fertility, soil depth, spacing and forest type (plantation or farm).
Analyses of variance demonstrated that fertile soil, intercropping and cultivation between trees considerably improved growth performance. However, growth was negatively correlated with altitude, with stands above 2300 m above sea level showing poor growth. In Rwanda with proper management, the species can be grown in plantations and on farms for firewood, poles and sawlogs. 相似文献
14.
为研制刺槐属植物新品种DUS测试指南,作者对该属植物种质资源进行了系统全面研究。通过广泛检索查阅国内外文献资料,并开展国内实地调查研究,汇总得到刺槐属共有14种,4个种间杂交种,刺槐种内有24天然变种和变型。国外刺槐属人工育种研究成绩显著的国家有匈牙利,培育的板材柱材、蜜源及饲料品种达110多个;韩国研发培育出了四倍体饲料品种;我国选育鉴定的刺槐速生用材无性系达90多个。本文根据选择确定的刺槐属植物新品种DUS测试性状及其表达状态,对我国引种、选育或者尚未引种但文献记载详细的刺槐属种、变种、变型、品种、无性系及授权植物新品种建立数据库,录入种质资源的基本信息和测试性状表达状态,为刺槐属植物品种鉴别和新品种DUS审查奠定基础。 相似文献
15.
The mixed plantation of poplar (Populus spp.) and black locust (Robinia pseudoacacia) is one of the typical mixed stands with nitrogen-fixing and non-nitrogen-fixing species. Interaction between the two species
in the mixed stand is harmonious and productivity is high, making this kind of mixed plantation a very successful pattern
on poor sandy sites in north China. In this study, the fine root decomposition of the two species was investigated in the
mixed plantation of 27-year-old Canadian poplar (P. canadansis) and 22-year-old black locust on sandy sites along the Chaobai River in Beijing. Mechanism of harmonious interaction between
the two species was observed in the view of the nutrient cycle of fine roots. Results showed that: (1) the fine root decomposition
of Canadian poplar and black locust trees was different. Concentrations of N, Ca and Mg gradually increased and those of P
and K gradually decreased in the fine roots of poplar during the period of decomposition. Concentrations of N, P and K gradually
decreased in the fine roots of black locust during decomposition. The speed of nutrient decomposition in mixed fine roots
of the two species fell between the speed of the two pure samples. (2) During decomposition, the annual return amount of N,
K and Mg in fine roots of black locust was highest, followed by the mixed fine roots of the two species, and then the fine
roots of poplar. (3) The increased return amount of N in mixed fine roots could improve the N nutrient condition of poplar
trees. The return amount of P in poplar fine roots was greater than that of black locust, which could improve the P nutrient
of black locust trees. The interaction of mutual supplements of N and P nutrient cycle of fine roots between these two species
formed.
Translated from Scientia Silvae Sinicae, 2004, 4(4) (in Chinese) 相似文献
16.
福建柏、杉木及其混交林生长与生态效应研究 总被引：66，自引：1，他引：66
本文从林分生长、空间分布格局、生物量及其与生态环境的相互作用等方面对14年生福建柏、杉木纯林及其混交林作了对比研究。结果表明,在南方丘陵营造福建柏、杉木混交林有利于维护地力和形成稳定的人工林生态系统,在经济、生态和美学方面均优于杉木纯林。混交林生物量比杉木、福建柏纯林高22.9％和4.7％,达79.58 t/ha,福建柏纯林比杉木纯林高17.4％。补植福建柏是改造杉木中低产林的有效措施之一。 相似文献
17.
通过山西吉县黄土残垣沟壑区在 3种不同整地方式的林地上栽植同一规格的刺槐苗木 ,调查其成活率、生长量 ,结果表明 :刺槐在水平阶加坑整地上栽植 ,成活率比其它整地方式略高 ,而生长量则有明显优势 ,并在栽植的第 2年、第 4年生长量优势进一步扩大 ,对幼林的及早郁闭十分有利 相似文献
18.
《Wood material science & engineering》2013,8(1-2):1-11
Abstract Growing markets for chopped firewood have created alternative uses for the by-products of sawmills. Based on empirical data and simulated results, the potential of birch (Betula pendula Roth, Betula pubescens Ehrh.) from commercial thinnings for combined industrial production of sawn timber and firewood billets was investigated. In the simulations, different sawing patterns were used for logs intended to combine production of sawn timber and billets for chopped firewood (‘sawlogs’), and for logs intended only to firewood production (‘firewood logs’). Finally, economical feasibility analysis was done concerning the differences between the sawmills’ traditional business concept and the novel concept combining sawn wood and firewood production. The bucking results for the volume yield of different timber assortments varied only slightly between the different bucking options, i.e. the combinations of timber assortments. The main differences in the volumes of timber assortments were due to the stand type where the birch trees were sampled (planted, naturally regenerated, mixed birch–spruce). In the sawing procedure, the output of sawn timber varied between 24% and 42% of the log volume in the sawlogs, depending on the log diameter class. As the volume yield of sawn timber and firewood billets was counted together in the case of sawlogs, the log consumption was c. 1.75 m3 of roundwood per 1 m3 of sawn timber and firewood billets. In the case of the firewood logs, the log consumption rate was considerably lower, only c. 1.35. The economic calculations showed that using the firewood approach in sawing may increase the net added value of products by €1.9–5.4 m?3 of logs, depending on their diameter class. As a conclusion, parallel production of sawn timber and firewood from logs from the first and second commercial thinning of birch-dominated stands is a concept that could work as an alliance between a sawmiller and a firewood entrepreneur. The concept could be competitive compared with both traditional sawmilling and production of chopped firewood. 相似文献
19.
沙地杨树刺槐人工混交林的改良土壤功能及养分互补关系 总被引：12，自引：1，他引：11
杨树刺槐混交林是我国北方地区沿河及滨海沙地上成功的固氮树种和非固氮树种人工混交林。本文在简单介绍混交林生长情况的基础上,主要对林地土壤养分改良及其种间Ｎ、Ｐ养分互补关系进行了阐述。指出杨树刺槐混交林生产力提高主要是因为林地土壤养分（特别是Ｎ素养分）的极大改善及树种间Ｎ、Ｐ养分的互补。混交林土壤Ｎ素养分水平提高的根本原因是林地土壤微生物活性高,加快了含Ｎ较高枯落物分解速度,增强了土壤氨化及硝化强度。而杨树刺槐种间的Ｎ、Ｐ养分互补则主要表现在混交林中杨树可将吸收入体内的Ｐ素通过根系接触转移给相邻的刺槐,而刺槐则可将固定的Ｎ素通过根系接触转移给杨树,而且Ｎ、Ｐ转移的强度很大。这种奇妙的树种间养分互补机制对杨树刺槐混交林幼林期生产力提高是有重大意义的。 相似文献
20.
为给油橄榄花而不实、坐果率低等问题的解决提供理论依据,以‘城固’‘鄂植’‘莱星’‘皮削利’‘中山’‘佛奥’这6个油橄榄品种为研究材料,对其花粉特性及花粉萌发情况进行了研究。结果表明:6个品种花粉均为长圆形,其纵横径均在150~260μm之间,‘城固’的纵径最小,‘佛奥’的横径最小;‘鄂植’‘莱星’‘中山’‘佛奥’的花粉量均在110 000个/单花左右,‘城固’与‘皮削利’的花粉量均在80 000个/单花左右;6个品种的花粉畸形率均在5%~15%之间,品种间的差异不显著;‘莱星’‘皮削利’‘鄂植’‘佛奥’的花粉生活力均在85%以上,‘莱星’‘鄂植’‘佛奥’‘中山’4个品种在采后24 h内的花粉生活力均大于60%;6个品种的花粉萌发率均在20%~50%之间。 相似文献