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1.
艾司唑仑(extazolam)为苯二氮类化合物 ,毒副作用很小。本文拟研究艾司唑仑对山羊采食与内分泌的影响。试验使用4只本地空怀山羊 ,在青草日粮基础上 ,补喂0.25kg 配合料/头/天 ,试验期每kg 配合料添加艾司唑仑1.23mg。山羊安装慢性血管瘘并进行连续取血样 ,结果表明 :血清生长激素水平对照期为(13.630±1.102)ng/ml,试验期为(18.396±1.153)ng/ml(P<0.01) ,差异极显著 ;血清氨基氮对照期(3.452±0.088)mM/ml,试验期(3.920±0.117)(P<0.01) ,差异极显著 ;血清氨氮对照期(0.068±0.006)mM/ml,试验期(0.282±0.015)mM/ml(P<0.001) ,差异极其显著 ;采食量对照期(3.58±0.14)kg/d ,试验期(6.51±0.12)kg/d(P<0.001) ,差异极其显著 ;由此可见 ,艾司唑仑参与机能调节 ,能显著促进山羊采食和生长。 相似文献
2.
近年来的研究证明乳汁中酪蛋白在消化道降解过程中能产生酪啡肽(7肽) ,在一些谷物蛋白的酶解过程中也同样能产生这类生物活性多肽。我们的前期工作发现 ,小麦的胃蛋酶水解产物富含阿片肽样活性物质。本文主要研究经保护处理的小麦对反刍家畜采食及内分泌代谢的影响。在4只空怀母山羊进行试验 ,平均体重(24.75±0.73)kg,试验期小麦进行保护预处理 ,精料由88.5 %小麦全粉、10 %磷酸氢钙、0.5 %尿素组成 ,每天喂给400克/头(分2次) ,自由采食青草 ,自由饮水。对照期、试验期各25天。连续取血样结果显示 ,对照期和试验期相关平均值分别为 :采食量(4.656±0.231)、(6.413±0.039)kg/d(P≤0.001) ,血清生长激素总体水平(GH)为(23.170±0.891)ng/ml、(26.792±1.003)ng/ml(P≤0.01);血清胰岛素(18.103±1.035)ng/ml、(23.983±1.600)ng/ml(P≤0.01) ,血清氨基氮(0.102±0.003)mM/ml、(0.140±0.004)mM/ml,血清氨氮(0.206±0.012)mM/ml、(0.086±0.006)mM/ml(P≤0.01)。结果表明 ,小麦经保护处理后能够显著促进采食量并提高内分泌水平。这对于提高饲料利用率、促进生长具有重要意义。 相似文献
3.
本文旨在研究酪啡肽及其酪蛋白水解肽对早期断奶仔猪分泌型免疫球蛋白A(SIgA)和细胞因子水平的影响。24头仔公猪随机分为对照组(正常哺乳28d断奶)、试验Ⅰ组(添加β-酪啡肽-7)和试验Ⅱ组(添加酪蛋白酶解物)。试验组于21d断奶,再连续添加酪蛋白胃蛋白酶解液或β-酪啡肽-710d,每天2次(共20mL),至32d,3组动物各随机取6头同时剖杀,取血、胃食糜和空肠食糜。观察其血清IL-2、TNF-α和胃肠内容物中SIgA的含量变化。结果表明:添加酪蛋白水解液组仔猪血清中IL-2的水平比对照组高75.9%,差异极显著(P<0.01);试验Ⅰ组血清中IL-2水平比对照组高35.7%,差异显著(P<0.05)。血清中TNF-α水平试验组略低于对照组。在对照组、试验Ⅰ和Ⅱ组仔猪的空肠食糜中均检测到SIgA,平均含量分别为(6.48±0.85)ng/g、(6.30±0.85)ng/g和(8.71±0.54)ng/g。与对照组相比,试验Ⅱ组差异极显著(P<0.05);胃食糜中未检测到SIgA。提示乳源活性肽对早期断奶仔猪细胞免疫和黏膜免疫活性具有一定的促进作用。 相似文献
4.
不同来源肽对培养液中瘤胃细菌蛋白产量的影响 总被引：12，自引：1，他引：12
试验研究了大豆肽、玉米肽和瘤胃液肽对培养液中瘤胃细菌蛋白产量的影响。结果表明:培养液中氨基氮含量越高,细菌生长速度越快,菌体蛋白氮产量显著增加(P<0 01或P<0 05)。培养初期(0～6h),细菌生长快,菌体蛋白氮产量也显著增加(P<0 01或P<0 05);培养后期(6～24h),细菌生长缓慢,菌体蛋白氮产量处于平稳期(P>0 05)。对于不同来源肽来说,瘤胃液肽和大豆肽对细菌生长的促进作用要明显好于玉米肽(P<0 05)。结果表明:瘤胃细菌生长需要肽营养,肽可能是细菌生长的限制性因素之一。 相似文献
5.
安装永久性瘤胃瘘管的山羊4只,采用4×4拉丁方设计,选用不同比例稻草、苜蓿干草、羊草与配合精料组成4种日粮,研究对瘤胃内环境的影响。结果表明:瘤胃液pH值、氨氮浓度和尿素氮浓度在5.94～6.43、16.42～29.82、0.48～0.78mg/100ml内波动,各组间差异不显著;4组瘤胃液FAA浓度为25.58～26.86mg/100ml,组间差异不显著(P>0.05);PAA中,A组(22.82mg/100ml)极显著低于B组(24.25mg/100ml)和D组(25.73mg/100ml)(P<0.01),B组和C组(23.53mg/100ml)显著低于D组(P<0.05)。 相似文献
6.
伊普异黄酮对山羊瘤胃代谢及瘤胃液性激素含量的影响 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
本试验旨在研究伊普异黄酮(IP)对山羊瘤胃代谢以及对瘤胃液雌二醇和睾酮含量的影响.全文包括2组试验:试验Ⅰ为体外培养试验,瘤胃液来自3只装有永久性瘤胃瘘管的本地成年雌性山羊,以0.6 g草粉和0.3 g精料为底物,研究不同浓度IP(0、10、50、100和200 mg/L)对山羊瘤胃代谢的影响;试验Ⅱ为动物试验,选用4只装有永久性瘤胃瘘管的本地成年山羊,采用自身对照设计,试验期在精料中添加IP(1 mg/g精料).试验Ⅰ结果表明,培养液中IP浓度为100和200 mg/L时能显著加强瘤胃代谢,pH水平显著下降,氨态氮(NH3-N)浓度和微生物蛋白(MCP)浓度显著升高;试验Ⅱ结果表明,IP有加强瘤胃氮代谢趋势;显著提高乙酸(A)含量(P<0.01)及其比例,使丙酸(P)比例及丙酸/乙酸(P/A)比值显著下降(P<0.01);瘤胃液中17β-雌二醇和睾酮含量显著上升(P<0.05).提示,IP可以直接作用于瘤胃微生物,加强瘤胃氮代谢,改变瘤胃糖代谢,改变瘤胃微生物发酵类型;显著提高瘤胃液17β-雌二醇和睾酮的水平. 相似文献
7.
本试验通过研究日粮中添加不同水平的烷基多糖苷(alkyl polyglycoside,APG)对山羊瘤胃发酵特性的影响,考察APG在饲料添加剂领域的潜在用途.试验选用4头体重为(19.5±0.8)kg装有瘤胃瘘管的黑山羊,按4×4拉丁方设计,分别在山羊标准精料中添加0、5、10和20 mL/kg的APG,试验期48 d.试验结果表明,APG对山羊瘤胃pH没有显著影响(P>0.05);APG极显著地增高了山羊瘤胃氨氮浓度、总挥发性脂肪酸(TVFA)、乙酸含量以及乙酸与丙酸含量的比值(P<0.01),还使戊酸含量和乙酸摩尔百分比显著增高(P<0.05),但是对丙酸、丁酸、异丁酸、异戊酸含量以及除乙酸外其他各酸的摩尔百分比皆无显著影响(P>0.05).由此可知,添加APG不影响山羊瘤胃pH,极显著提高氨氮浓度,提高TVFA和乙酸含量,改善了山羊瘤胃发酵特性. 相似文献
8.
选择6头健康、体重相近的安装有永久性瘤胃瘘管的周岁大足黑山羊羯羊,按重复3×3拉丁方试验设计,随机分为3组,对照组饲喂基础日粮,2个处理组分别在基础日粮上给每头羊日喂15 g复方Ⅰ和复方Ⅱ。结果表明:复方Ⅰ能极显著降低山羊血清葡萄糖、尿素氮、总胆固醇及高密度脂蛋白胆固醇等浓度(P<0.01),显著降低血清肌酐、甘油三酯及乳酸等浓度(P<0.05);复方Ⅱ能极显著降低山羊血清尿素氮浓度(P<0.01),显著降低血清葡萄糖、肌酐及总胆固醇等浓度(P<0.05);复方Ⅰ能极显著提高山羊血清免疫球蛋白A/G/M、补体3/4和C-反应蛋白等浓度及白细胞介素-2水平(P<0.01),显著提高血清一氧化氮浓度和一氧化氮合成酶活性(P<0.05);复方Ⅱ能极显著提高山羊血清免疫球蛋白A/G/M和补体3/4等浓度及白细胞介素-2水平(P<0.01),显著提高山羊血清C-反应蛋白浓度(P<0.05);复方Ⅰ能极显著增强山羊血清总抗氧化能力和提高谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶活性(P<0.01),显著提高血清总超氧化物歧化酶活性(P<0.05);复方Ⅱ能极显著增强山羊血清总抗氧化能力(P<0.01),显著提高血清谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶活性(P<0.05)。研究结果提示,2种复方均能改善山羊营养和健康状况,增强山羊免疫机能,且复方Ⅰ作用效果优于复方Ⅱ。 相似文献
9.
为了鉴定脂多糖(LPS)对体外培养的山羊瘤胃上皮细胞炎性因子表达及浓度的影响,试验采用体外培养细胞法培养山羊瘤胃上皮细胞,添加不同浓度的LPS(1,5,10,50,100 mg/L)刺激山羊瘤胃上皮细胞,用MTT法筛选最佳刺激浓度,收集细胞;经qRT-PCR法分析核因子κb(p65)[NF-κb(p65)]、肿瘤坏死因子α(TNFα)、白细胞介素1β(IL-1β)、白细胞介素6(IL-6)基因mRNA相对表达量。结果表明:50 mg/L组细胞抑制率(IR)接近10%,初步确定LPS抑制细胞生长最佳浓度为50 mg/L; 50 mg/L组NF-κb(p65)的mRNA相对表达量极显著高于其他浓度组(P0. 01); 10 mg/L组TNFα的mRNA相对表达量极显著高于1,5,100 mg/L组(P0. 01),50 mg/L组次之; 10 mg/L组IL-1β的mRNA相对表达量极显著高于其他浓度组(P 0. 01),50 mg/L次之; 50 mg/L组IL-6的mRNA相对表达量最高,极显著高于1 mg/L组和100 mg/L组(P0. 01),与5,10 mg/L组相比差异不显著(P0. 05)。说明LPS体外诱导山羊瘤胃上皮细胞炎性反应的最佳浓度为50 mg/L。 相似文献
10.
《动物营养学报》2016,(9)
本试验旨在研究高精料饲粮添加槲皮素对山羊瘤胃发酵、瘤胃菌群数量及血清指标的影响。采用随机区组设计,将12头装有永久性瘤胃瘘管的波杂山羊(波尔山羊×长江三角洲白山羊)随机分为对照组(不添加槲皮素)和试验组(槲皮素添加量为100 mg/kg BW),每组6头。试验期42 d,分别在第35、38和41天晨饲后0(08:00)、2、4和8 h采集瘤胃液;在第36、39和42天晨饲后0、6 h采集颈静脉血液。结果表明:与对照组相比,高精料饲粮添加槲皮素,显著提高了瘤胃液p H(P=0.047)及异丁酸(P=0.001)和戊酸(P=0.034)浓度;显著提高了血清总抗氧化能力(P=0.031)、还原型谷胱甘肽含量(P=0.002)和尿素氮浓度(P=0.006),同时显著降低了血清钾离子浓度(P=0.042);对瘤胃液厚壁菌门和拟杆菌门细菌数量无显著影响(P0.10)。结果提示,高精料饲粮条件下,添加槲皮素可提高山羊瘤胃液p H,增强机体抗氧化能力,对山羊健康具有潜在的保护效应。 相似文献
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Ovine scrapie was first recorded in Cyprus in 1985. Subsequently four dairy goats kept in two mixed flocks with affected sheep developed characteristic clinical signs similar to those seen in sheep. Fifteen goats from the two flocks were examined histologically and neurological lesions consistent with a diagnosis of scrapie were found in the four animals and in three others which had subsequently developed early neurological signs. These lesions were similar to those of naturally-affected sheep although neuronal degeneration and vacuolation were more severe in some cases. 相似文献
13.
Slocombe JO McMillan I 《The Canadian veterinary journal. La revue veterinaire canadienne》1985,26(10):323-327
In late December 1984, 1853 institutional veterinarians and small and mixed animal clinics across Canada were sent a questionnaire in order to assess the status of Dirofilaria immitis in Canada in 1984 and 35% of them responded. Veterinarians reported that 97,794 dogs were blood-tested to check for microfilariae and 1417 dogs (1.45% of those tested) were found with heartworm. Another 34 dogs were amicrofilaremic, but were diagnosed as having heartworm disease, to give the total number diagnosed in 1984 as 1451 (1.48%). Heartworm was reported from all provinces except Prince Edward Island and Newfoundland but most (1310) of the cases were in Ontario. In Quebec, 126 cases were reported mostly from west of Montreal.
Heartworm was found most frequently in companion dogs over three years of age maintained mainly outdoors in rural areas. About 27% of the cases were observed with clinical signs of heartworm disease and 72% had a history of not having left Canada. Southwestern Ontario continued to be the primary focus of the infection.
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Slocombe JO McMillan I 《The Canadian veterinary journal. La revue veterinaire canadienne》1984,25(9):347-350
In late December 1983, 2 800 veterinarians across Canada were sent a questionnaire in order to assess the status of heartworm disease in Canada in 1983 and 26% of them responded. Veterinarians reported that 59 504 dogs were blood-tested to check for microfilariae and 771 dogs (1.30% of those tested) were found with Dirofilaria immitis. Heartworm disease was diagnosed in all provinces except New Brunswick and Newfoundland but most (733) of the cases were in Ontario.
Heartworm disease was found most frequently in companion dogs over three years of age maintained mainly outdoors in rural areas. About 31% of the cases were observed with clinical signs of heartworm disease and 64% had a history of not having left Canada. Southwestern Ontario continues to be the focus of the infection and most of the dogs there had not left the province previously.
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Slocombe JO Villeneuve A 《The Canadian veterinary journal. La revue veterinaire canadienne》1993,34(10):630-633
In late November 1991, 1883 clinics in Canada were sent a questionnaire to assess the status of Dirofilaria immitis in dogs in 1991 and there was a 60.0% response. There were 344,031 dogs tested for heart-worm (HW), 627 were found infected and the prevalence of HW infection was 0.18%. There were 417 dogs with HW in Ontario, 116 in Manitoba, 38 in Quebec, 53 in British Columbia, three in Alberta, and one in Nova Scotia. In British Columbia, all of the infected dogs but one were from the Okanagan valley which, as from 1991, is a new focus of infection in Canada. Most dogs with HW had not been on preventive medication in 1990, and the prevalence among dogs tested and unprotected was 0.59%. That prevalence was considerably higher in endemic areas. Companion dogs, over three years of age and maintained primarily outdoors in rural areas, were most frequently infected. One cat was diagnosed with D. immitis and 33 dogs had Dipetalonema reconditium. 相似文献
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Owen J Slocombe D McMillan I 《The Canadian veterinary journal. La revue veterinaire canadienne》1986,27(9):324-328
In late December 1985, 1485 institutional veterinarians and small and mixed animal clinics across Canada were sent a questionnaire in order to assess the status of Dirofilaria immitis in Canada in 1985 and 44% of them responded. Veterinarians reported that 137,300 dogs were blood-tested to check for microfilariae and 1210 dogs were found with heartworm. Another 36 dogs were amicrofilaremic but diagnosed with heartworm disease to give the total number diagnosed in 1985 as 1247 (0.91%).
Heartworm was reported from all provinces except Prince Edward Island, Newfoundland and Saskatchewan but most (1126) of the cases were in Ontario. Southwestern Ontario continued to be the primary focus of the infection in Canada. From Quebec, 91 cases were reported mostly from and around Montreal. From Manitoba, 19 cases were reported from Winnipeg and surrounding areas. Heartworm was found most frequently in companion dogs over three years of age maintained mainly outdoors in rural areas. About 28% of the cases were observed with clinical signs of heartworm disease and 78% had a history of not having left Canada.
相似文献19.
Slocombe JO McMillan I 《The Canadian veterinary journal. La revue veterinaire canadienne》1989,30(6):504-508
In late November 1988, 1581 small and mixed animal clinics and institutional veterinarians across Canada were sent a questionnaire in order to assess the status of Dirofilaria immitis in Canada in 1988, and 46% of them responded. Veterinarians reported that 181,577 dogs were blood-tested for heartworm disease and 367 dogs were found with D. immitis microfilariae. Another 60 dogs were amicrofilaremic but diagnosed with heartworm disease to give the total number of cases diagnosed in 1988 as 441 (0.24%). 相似文献
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In late November 1989, 1732 clinics and institutional veterinarians were sent a questionnaire to assess the status of Dirofilaria immitis, and 51.7% responded. Of 247,716 dogs tested, 394 had D. immitis microfilariae and 51 were amicrofilaremic for a total of 445 cases and heartworm prevalence of 0.17%. Most (408) of these dogs had no preventive medication and the prevalence among dogs tested and unprotected was 1.01%. That prevalence was considerably higher in endemic areas. Thirty-seven dogs with heartworm had preventive medication. Heartworm was most frequent in companion dogs over three years of age maintained outdoors in rural areas. About 75% of the cases had never left Canada, 26% had clinical signs and 125 were not treated.
Heartworm was reported from British Columbia, Manitoba, Ontario, Quebec, Nova Scotia and Newfoundland, but 383 cases were in Ontario. South-western Ontario was the primary focus of infection. There were 33 cases in Quebec and 24 in Manitoba, mainly found in and around Metropolitan Montreal and Winnipeg respectively.
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