共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 46 毫秒
1.
cAMP evokes long-term facilitation in Aplysia sensory neurons that requires new protein synthesis 总被引：14，自引：0，他引：14
Behavioral sensitization leads to both short- and long-term enhancement of synaptic transmission between the sensory and motor neurons of the gill-withdrawal reflex in Aplysia. Serotonin (5-HT), a transmitter important for short-term sensitization, can evoke long-term enhancement of synaptic strength detected 1 day later. Because 5-HT mediates short-term facilitation through adenosine 3',5'-monophosphate (cAMP)-dependent protein phosphorylation, the role of cAMP in the long-term modulation of this identified synapse was examined. Like 5-HT, cAMP can also evoke long-term facilitation lasting 24 hours. Unlike the short-term change, the long-lasting change is blocked by anisomycin, a reversible inhibitor of protein synthesis, and therefore must involve the synthesis of gene products not required for the short-term change. 相似文献
2.
Svenningsson P Chergui K Rachleff I Flajolet M Zhang X El Yacoubi M Vaugeois JM Nomikos GG Greengard P 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2006,311(5757):77-80
The pathophysiology of depression remains enigmatic, although abnormalities in serotonin signaling have been implicated. We have found that the serotonin 1B receptor [5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT1B) receptor] interacts with p11. p11 increases localization of 5-HT1B receptors at the cell surface. p11 is increased in rodent brains by antidepressants or electroconvulsive therapy, but decreased in an animal model of depression and in brain tissue from depressed patients. Overexpression of p11 increases 5-HT1B receptor function in cells and recapitulates certain behaviors seen after antidepressant treatment in mice. p11 knockout mice exhibit a depression-like phenotype and have reduced responsiveness to 5-HT1B receptor agonists and reduced behavioral reactions to an antidepressant. 相似文献
3.
目的 研究舒肝解郁胶囊对抑郁模型大鼠脑内5-HT、DA及其代谢产物水平的影响。方法 将28只雄性SD大鼠随机分成正常对照组、模型组、舒肝解郁组、氟西汀组四组;采用慢性轻度不可预见性应激（CUMS）结合孤养方式建立抑郁大鼠模型,舒肝解郁组和氟西汀组大鼠于造模同时分别给予舒肝解郁胶囊和氟西汀干预;用库仑阵列电化学高效液相色谱法分别检测大鼠内侧前额叶皮质（mPFC）及海马CA3区 5-HT、DA及其代谢产物的含量。结果 应激21 d后,模型组与正常对照组比较,大鼠mPFC区5-HT、5－羟吲哚乙酸（5-HIAA）、DA和高香草酸（HVA）的浓度均显著降低,差异有统计学意义（P<0.01）,海马CA3区5-HT、DA和5-HIAA的浓度均显著降低,差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）;与模型组比较,舒肝解郁组和氟西汀组可显著增加大鼠mPFC区5-HT 、DA和HVA浓度,差异有统计学意义（P<0.01或P<0.05）,海马CA3区5-HT、DA和5-HIAA浓度显著升高,差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。结论 舒肝解郁胶囊能增强抑郁模型大鼠中枢5－HT和 DA神经递质系统的功能,这可能是其抗抑郁作用的神经生化机制之一。 相似文献
4.
[目的]探讨罗布麻（Apocynum venetum L.）叶总黄酮提物抗抑郁作用的机理。[方法]采用大鼠慢性应激抑郁模型,利用液相色谱-质谱串联法测定大鼠脑内单胺类神经递质[去甲肾上腺素（NE）、多巴胺（DA）和5-羟色胺（5-HT）]的含量。[结果]慢性应激抑郁组动物组织内DA、5-HT和NE含量与正常组相比均极显著降低（P〈0.01）。罗布麻总叶黄酮提取物处理组大鼠脑中DA和NE含量与慢性应激抑郁组相比显著或极显著上升,且随着剂量的增大,这种作用更加明显;70.0 mg/kg罗布麻叶黄酮提取物处理与盐酸氟西汀（3.5mg/kg）效果一致;但罗布麻叶总黄酮提取物处理组大鼠脑中5-HT含量与慢性应激抑郁组相比没有明显变化,阳性对照药氟西汀显著增加了抑郁大鼠脑组织中DA、NE和5-HT含量。[结论]该研究证实了抑郁症发病的神经递质假说,同时发现罗布麻叶可以逆转抑郁大鼠脑内单胺类物质NE、DA含量的降低,这也可能是其抗抑郁作用的机理之一。 相似文献
5.
Influence of life stress on depression: moderation by a polymorphism in the 5-HTT gene 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
Caspi A Sugden K Moffitt TE Taylor A Craig IW Harrington H McClay J Mill J Martin J Braithwaite A Poulton R 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2003,301(5631):386-389
In a prospective-longitudinal study of a representative birth cohort, we tested why stressful experiences lead to depression in some people but not in others. A functional polymorphism in the promoter region of the serotonin transporter (5-HT T) gene was found to moderate the influence of stressful life events on depression. Individuals with one or two copies of the short allele of the 5-HT T promoter polymorphism exhibited more depressive symptoms, diagnosable depression, and suicidality in relation to stressful life events than individuals homozygous for the long allele. This epidemiological study thus provides evidence of a gene-by-environment interaction, in which an individual's response to environmental insults is moderated by his or her genetic makeup. 相似文献
6.
Weisstaub NV Zhou M Lira A Lambe E González-Maeso J Hornung JP Sibille E Underwood M Itohara S Dauer WT Ansorge MS Morelli E Mann JJ Toth M Aghajanian G Sealfon SC Hen R Gingrich JA 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2006,313(5786):536-540
Serotonin [5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT)] neurotransmission in the central nervous system modulates depression and anxiety-related behaviors in humans and rodents, but the responsible downstream receptors remain poorly understood. We demonstrate that global disruption of 5-HT2A receptor (5HT2AR) signaling in mice reduces inhibition in conflict anxiety paradigms without affecting fear-conditioned and depression-related behaviors. Selective restoration of 5HT2AR signaling to the cortex normalized conflict anxiety behaviors. These findings indicate a specific role for cortical 5HT2AR function in the modulation of conflict anxiety, consistent with models of cortical, "top-down" influences on risk assessment. 相似文献
7.
【目的】研究5-羟色胺（5-hydroxytryptamine,5-HT）及5-HT1A受体在SD大鼠妊娠期子宫中的分布情况和变化规律。【方法】选取均为正常妊娠的30 只雌性SD大鼠分为妊娠3 d、妊娠5 d、妊娠7 d、妊娠13 d、妊娠19 d及产后第1天6组,处死各组大鼠,取子宫制作石蜡切片,经免疫组织化学SP 法染色后,进行观察分析。【结果】5-HT及5-HT1A受体免疫阳性产物广泛存在于子宫内膜上皮细胞、子宫腺上皮细胞、血管内皮细胞、基质细胞、蜕膜细胞、免疫细胞及肌纤维中;5-HT在妊娠7 d和妊娠13 d着色最深,5-HT1A受体在妊娠13 d着色最深。5-HT及5-HT1A受体免疫阳性产物相对表达量的T检验表明,子宫内膜5-HT在妊娠7 d和妊娠13 d的表达较妊娠3 d、妊娠5 d和产后极显著的增加（P＜0.01）,较妊娠19 d显著增加（P＜0.05）;子宫肌层5-HT在妊娠19 d的表达较妊娠7 d显著减少（P＜0.05）,较妊娠13 d极显著的减少（P＜0.01）。子宫内膜5-HT1A受体在妊娠13 d较妊娠3 d、妊娠5 d、妊娠19 d及产后极显著的增加（P＜0.01）,较妊娠7 d显著增加（P＜0.05）;子宫肌层5-HT1A受体在妊娠13 d较妊娠各个时期极显著增加（P＜0.01）。5-HT和5-HT1A受体在妊娠期子宫中的表达,具有极显著的正相关性。【结论】5-HT和5-HT1A受体在妊娠期子宫中的表达具有一定规律,5-HT通过5-HT1A受体参与妊娠的调节。 相似文献
8.
5-羟色胺4受体（5-HT4R）属于G-蛋白偶联受体超家族,广泛分布于中枢神经系统和外周组织中,调节多种神经递质的生理学效应.实验采用半定量RT-PCR的方法,检测和分析了猪5-HHTR的b亚型（5-HT4bR）基因mRNA在11种组织中的表达规律.结果发现,猪5-HT4bR在除肝脏以外的10种组织中都有表达,且不同组织内的表达量存在差异,其中脑组织和肠组织表达量较高.这一结果与5-HT4R基因在人和鼠上不同组织表达规律一致. 相似文献
9.
Crockett MJ Clark L Tabibnia G Lieberman MD Robbins TW 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2008,320(5884):1739
Serotonin (5-HT) has long been implicated in social behavior and impulsivity, but the mechanisms through which it modulates self-control remain unclear. We observed the effects of manipulating 5-HT function on behavior in the ultimatum game, where players must decide whether to accept or reject fair or unfair monetary offers from another player. Participants with depleted 5-HT levels rejected a greater proportion of unfair offers, but not fair offers, without showing changes in mood, fairness judgment, basic reward processing, or response inhibition. Our results suggest that 5-HT plays a critical role in regulating emotion during social decision-making. 相似文献
10.
The hyperthermic response of rabbits to apomorphine, a dopaminergic agonist, is abolished by prior treatment with p-chlorophenylalanine. If such 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT)-depleted animals are administered a peripherally acting decarboxylase inhibitor plus 5-hydroxytryptophan, central stores of 5-HT are regenerated and the hyperthermic response to apomorphine is restored in part. The effects of apomorphine in rabbits with elevated concentrations of 5-HT are not different from those in control animals. The behavioral effects of apomnorphine appear to be constant in all groups of animals tested. It is suggested that the hyperthermic effects of apomorphine in rabbits require the presence of 5-HT. 相似文献
11.
家蚕5-羟色胺受体基因的克隆及表达分析 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
【目的】5-羟色胺（5-HT）在许多生理过程中扮演重要角色,克隆介导5-HT生理效应的家蚕5-HT受体及组织表达分析,为研究家蚕5-TH受体基因功能奠定基础。【方法】利用基因组数据及半定量real-time PCR技术,鉴定克隆4种家蚕5-HT受体基因; 应用生物信息学方法分析5-HT受体在物种间同源性并构建系统进化树; 利用半定量real-time PCR方法分析它们在幼虫和成虫不同组织的表达情况。【结果】根据预测基因序列,设计特异引物,克隆得到4种5-HT受体基因序列,分别命名为5-HT1ABm、5-HT1BBm、5-HT2Bm、5-HT7Bm（GenBank登录号KM236100-KM236103）,其开放阅读框分别为1 395、1 341、1 881和1 497 bp,可编码464、446、626和498氨基酸。4种5-HT受体属于典型的G蛋白偶联受体。选择已报道的昆虫及脊椎动物的5-HT受体氨基酸序列进行比对并系统发生树构建,结果显示家蚕4种5-HT受体间的氨基酸序列相似度仅为30.4%。5-HT1A、5-HT1B、5-HT2、5-HT7 4种受体在昆虫中的相似性分别为45.4%、61.4%、48.4%、54.1%。另外,家蚕5-HT受体与其他昆虫甚至脊椎动物有较高的同源性,跨膜区的保守性比非跨膜区高。不同物种间的同一家族5-HT受体的相似性高于同一物种内不同家族5-HT受体的相似性,家蚕5-HT受体的进化关系与烟草天蛾最近。半定量real-time PCR结果显示,5-HT1ABm、5-HT1BBm在幼虫所有组织中均有表达。5-HT2Bm仅在幼虫的头、腹部神经索、精巢表达。5-HT7Bm在幼虫头部、腹部神经索、中肠、脂肪体、精巢、卵巢表达。5-HT1ABm、5-HT1BBm、5-HT7Bm在成虫中除雌性头部以外的组织中均有表达,而5-HT7Bm在雄蛾的生殖系统中表达量明显高于其他组织。5-HT2Bm在成虫中不表达。【结论】鉴定和克隆的4种家蚕5-HT受体基因,在昆虫和脊椎动物中具有较高的保守性,与烟草天蛾同源关系最近,它们在幼虫和成虫的组织表达模式具有多样性。 相似文献
12.
Neurokinin-1 receptor (NK1R) and mu-opioid receptor (muOR) agonists affected respiratory rhythm when injected directly into the preB?tzinger Complex (preB?tC), the hypothesized site for respiratory rhythmogenesis in mammals. These effects were mediated by actions on preB?tC rhythmogenic neurons. The distribution of NK1R+ neurons anatomically defined the preB?tC. Type 1 neurons in the preB?tC, which have rhythmogenic properties, expressed both NK1Rs and muORs, whereas type 2 neurons expressed only NK1Rs. These findings suggest that the preB?tC is a definable anatomic structure with unique physiological function and that a subpopulation of neurons expressing both NK1Rs and muORs generate respiratory rhythm and modulate respiratory frequency. 相似文献
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14.
选取小麦秸秆、污泥、猪粪三种原料制备的生物质炭为研究材料,通过盆栽试验,探究不同原料生物质炭对PAHs污染土壤中小白菜生长情况及对PAHs吸收积累的影响。结果表明:三种生物质炭对小白菜吸收PAHs均有一定的抑制作用,与对照相比,施用生物质炭小白菜对PAHs的吸收量降低14.53%~49.41%,三种生物质炭的抑制能力依次为麦秸炭猪粪炭污泥炭;相对于1%的施用量,施用2%的麦秸炭与猪粪炭小白菜中PAHs含量分别显著降低32.02%和21.40%,而污泥炭不同施用量对小白菜中PAHs总含量的影响无明显差异;生物质炭对小白菜吸收2~3环的低分子量PAHs的降低率为0~30.81%,对4~6环的高分子量PAHs吸收的降低率为30.72%~68.07%;施用2%的麦秸炭和猪粪炭,使小白菜的生物量显著提高20.03%和22.28%。因此,施用生物质炭可作为一种降低污染土壤中作物吸收PAHs,同时保障作物产量的有效技术途径。 相似文献
15.
茉莉花茶抗抑郁机理的初步研究 总被引：4，自引：2，他引：2
通过对小鼠体重、摄食量与糖水偏爱的检测,发现茉莉花茶有改善抑郁小鼠的一般状态的作用;在小鼠悬尾和强迫游泳的实验中,分别连续用茉莉花茶汤灌胃与茉莉花茶香气处理8d,能明显缩短小鼠的不动时间;分别检测小鼠大脑和血浆中的DA、5-HT、DOPA和5HIA,发现茉莉花茶具有一定的激活神经递质的作用.茉莉花茶在抗抑郁方面具有一定的效果. 相似文献
16.
Spinal sympathetic neurons: possible sites of opiate-withdrawal suppression by clonidine 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
Morphine, methadone, meperidine, fentanyl, and clonidine rapidly depressed transmission through sympathetic preganglionic neurons in cats with the spinal cord transected. Naloxone promptly antagonized this effect of the opiates but not that of clonidine which was reversed by alpha 2-adrenergic receptor antagonists. The independent depression of preganglionic neurons by clonidine may contribute to the ability of this drug to depress the symptoms of opiate withdrawal that are characterized by sympathetic hyperactivity. 相似文献
17.
罗非鱼消化道5-HT内分泌细胞的免疫组织化学研究 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
用链霉亲和素-生物素化过氧化物酶复合物(Strept Avidin Biotion -peroxidase Complex SABC )免疫细胞化学方法,对罗非鱼消化道内分泌细胞进行了免疫组织化学定位.结果表明:5-羟色胺细胞在消化道各段都有分布,其中胃体部密度最大,其次是幽门和喷门处,后肠的密度最小.本文主要讨论了5-HT内分泌细胞在罗非鱼消化道免疫细胞化学定位,可为鱼类的内分泌学提供主要依据. 相似文献
18.
褐牙鲆消化道内分泌细胞免疫组织化学的定位 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
应用过氧化物酶标记的链霉亲和素免疫组织化学技术,用抗5-羟色胺(5-HT)、生长抑素(SST)、胃泌素(Gas)、胰高血糖素(G lu)等4种抗哺乳动物血清对褐牙鲆消化道内分泌细胞进行免疫组织化学定位的研究.结果表明:5-HT免疫阳性细胞在消化道各段均有分布,胃各部分布较多,食管和肠管分布较少;SST在胃贲门部和胃体部数量较多,胃幽门部较少,食管和肠管各段均未检出;Gas分布于胃幽门部和前肠、中肠、后肠,从胃幽门部到后肠呈递减分布趋势,食管、胃贲门部和胃体部均未检出;G lu免疫阳性细胞分布于前肠和中肠,其余各段均未检出. 相似文献
19.
采用比色法和放射性免疫法测定了西农莎能奶山羊乳中RNA,S-HT,CAMP,CGMP和血清中LDH,AKP的含量为:0.432,0.408,0.405,0.473,0.194,0.405。其产奶量(300天)、产脂量、乳蛋白量、乳脂率、乳蛋白率的遗传力分别为0.297,0.323,0.313,0.387,0.401;遗传相关和表型相关分析表明生化性状与泌乳性能关系密切;通径分析表明RNA,S-HT,CAMP,CGMP之间对泌乳是正向协同作用。 相似文献
20.
Neurons receive thousands of synaptic inputs throughout elaborate dendritic trees. Here we determine the somatic impact of excitatory postsynaptic potentials (EPSPs) generated at known dendritic sites in neocortical pyramidal neurons. As inputs became more distal, somatic EPSP amplitude decreased, whereas use-dependent depression increased. Despite marked attenuation (>40-fold), when coactivated within a narrow time window (approximately 10 milliseconds), distal EPSPs could directly influence action potential output following dendritic spike generation. These findings reveal that distal EPSPs are ineffective sources of background somatic excitation, but through coincidence detection have a powerful transient signaling role. 相似文献