共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 21 毫秒
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Marti E Gerber V Wilson AD Lavoie JP Horohov D Crameri R Lunn DP Antczak D Björnsdóttir S Björnsdóttir TS Cunningham F Dérer M Frey R Hamza E Horin P Heimann M Kolm-Stark G Olafsdóttir G Ramery E Russell C Schaffartzik A Svansson V Torsteinsdóttir S Wagner B 《Veterinary immunology and immunopathology》2008,126(3-4):351-361
Allergic diseases occur in most mammals, although some species such as humans, dogs and horses seem to be more prone to develop allergies than others. In horses, insect bite hypersensitivity (IBH), an allergic dermatitis caused by bites of midges, and recurrent airway obstruction (RAO), a hyperreactivity to stable born dust and allergens, are the two most prevalent allergic diseases. Allergic diseases involve the interaction of three major factors: (i) genetic constitution, (ii) exposure to allergens, and (iii) a dysregulation of the immune response determined by (i) and (ii). However, other environmental factors such as infectious diseases, contact with endotoxin and degree of infestation with endoparasites have been shown to influence the prevalence of allergic diseases in humans. How these factors may impact upon allergic disease in the horse is unknown at this time. The 3rd workshop on Allergic Diseases of the Horse, with major sponsorship from the Havemeyer Foundation, was held in Hólar, Iceland, in June 2007 and focussed on immunological and genetic aspects of IBH and RAO. This particular venue was chosen because of the prevalence of IBH in exported Icelandic horses. The incidence of IBH is significantly different between Icelandic horses born in Europe or North America and those born in Iceland and exported as adults. Although the genetic factors and allergens are the same, exported adult horses show a greater incidence of IBH. This suggests that environmental or epigenetic factors may contribute to this response. This report summarizes the present state of knowledge and summarizes important issues discussed at the workshop. 相似文献
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Laura Elizabeth Joan Huson Edith Authié Alain Fran?ois Boulangé James Phillip Dean Goldring Theresa Helen Taillefer Coetzer 《Veterinary research》2009,40(6)
The protozoan parasite Trypanosoma congolense is the main causative agent of livestock trypanosomosis. Congopain, the major lysosomal cysteine proteinase of T. congolense, contributes to disease pathogenesis, and antibody-mediated inhibition of this enzyme may contribute to mechanisms of trypanotolerance. The potential of different adjuvants to facilitate the production of antibodies that would inhibit congopain activity was evaluated in the present study. Rabbits were immunised with the recombinant catalytic domain of congopain (C2), either without adjuvant, with Freund’s adjuvant or complexed with bovine or rabbit α2-macroglobulin (α2M). The antibodies were assessed for inhibition of congopain activity. Rabbits immunised with C2 alone produced barely detectable anti-C2 antibody levels and these antibodies had no effect on recombinant C2 or native congopain activity. Rabbits immunised with C2 and Freund’s adjuvant produced the highest levels of anti-C2 antibodies. These antibodies either inhibited C2 and native congopain activity to a small degree, or enhanced their activity, depending on time of production after initial immunisation. Rabbits receiving C2-α2M complexes produced moderate levels of anti-C2 antibodies and these antibodies consistently showed the best inhibition of C2 and native congopain activity of all the antibodies, with maximum inhibition of 65%. Results of this study suggest that antibodies inhibiting congopain activity could be raised in livestock with a congopain catalytic domain-α2M complex. This approach improves the effectiveness of the antigen as an anti-disease vaccine candidate for African trypanosomosis. 相似文献
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The KPMG study signaled the need for change in the veterinary profession, and the NCVEI was formed to follow up on the study's findings. As founding organizations, the AVMA, American Animal Hospital Association, and the Association of American Veterinary Medical Colleges remain committed to the cause, as do the NCVEI's corporate sponsors. In addition, it is clear that substantial change is also underway within the individual veterinary schools and colleges. The programs compiled should not be considered exhaustive because of the possibility that not all schools replied to the survey and because of ongoing changes. Widespread programmatic changes are being implemented in the veterinary schools and colleges, with short- and long-term implications for the veterinary profession. Such changes are not taken lightly in academia, and the schools and colleges are to be commended for their leadership and initiative. The momentum that is apparent can be expected to yield benefits for the veterinary profession well into the future. 相似文献
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The cause of haematuria often can be surmised based on a horse's signalment, recent history, and clinical signs that may accompany haematuria. The site, if not the cause, of haemorrhage can sometimes be revealed by examining that portion of the urinary tract palpable per rectum, by endoscopically examining the urethra and bladder, or by ultrasonographically examining the kidneys. When cystolithiasis or urethrolithiasis is determined to be the cause of haematuria, further examination is indicated to identify disease of one or both kidneys that might have precipitated formation of the urolith. Contrast-enhanced, cross-sectional imaging of the abdomen of small equids might be of value when a vascular anomaly of a kidney is suspected. Neoplastic cells can sometimes be found in the urine of horses suffering from neoplasia of the bladder or in peritoneal fluid of horses suffering from renal neoplasia. When a kidney is determined to be the source of haemorrhage, urine can be obtained for bacterial culture and cytological examination by passing tubing through the biopsy port of an endoscope into the ureter draining the kidney in question. Histological examination of tissue obtained by biopsy of the kidney or the mucosa of the bladder may be indicated when neoplasia of one of these organs is suspected. Immunohistochemical examination of endoscopically obtained tissue from a cystic carcinoma can identify whether the neoplastic cells express COX-2 receptors, thereby determining if treating the horse with a COX-2 selective NSAID might be effective. 相似文献
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Vaginal prolapse in sheep—Part IV: Cyclic changes in the vulva,vestibule, and vagina during the year
J.W. McLean M.Agr.Sc. B.V.Sc. Ph.D. J.H. Claxton B.Sc. 《New Zealand veterinary journal》2013,61(5):133-137
Extract Many English breeds of sheep exhibit a well-defined breeding season which begins in the autumn about February–March in the southern hemisphere and ends about July–August. Over this period, the oestrous cycle, in unmated ewes, is repeated at intervals averaging 16 to 17 days. At other times of the year, these breeds are in anoestrum during which the 'ovaries and the tubular parts of the reproductive system are relatively quiescent. 相似文献
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Lafuente P 《Journal of Feline Medicine and Surgery》2011,13(7):498-507
PATIENT GROUP: Young, male neutered, obese cats are predisposed to sustaining spontaneous capital physeal fractures, as well as fractures of the femoral neck secondary to metaphyseal osteopathy. PRACTICAL RELEVANCE: Although femoral head and neck excision generally leads to adequate limb function, and is appropriate for chronic fractures, it is a salvage procedure and irreversible. Ideally, for acute capital physeal fractures an attempt should be made to stabilise the fracture and save the coxofemoral joint. This requires early detection of the femoral fracture. CLINICAL CHALLENGES: Orthopaedic examination in cats can be challenging. Yet thorough assessment is needed to allow localisation of the pathology to the hip joint, and to rule out other orthopaedic conditions such as cranial cruciate ligament rupture. Stabilisation of these types of fracture may also prove challenging. AUDIENCE: This review is aimed at general practitioners who have some experience in orthopaedic surgical procedures, as well as those simply wishing to expand their knowledge of feline orthopaedic conditions. 相似文献