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“陆地棉新品种选育”是省科委在“六五”后期下达由我所负责主持的一项重点科研项目,编号为1984—5(1)。这项研究的基础工作是从1983年开始的。1986年,随着我所承担了“七五”国家棉花育种攻关项目“专用棉新品种选育”(编号为75—02—07—02)子专题“耐旱棉新品种选育”的任务,使这项研究更加深入一步,至1991年,已经按照科研项目和科技合同的要求,圆满完成了省科委和国家交给我们的任务。下面,仅就“赣棉8号”的选育与 相似文献
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超高产夏大豆种质JN96-2343创新研究初报 总被引：4，自引：1，他引：3
“JN96—2343”大豆种质为优质双高种质，其蛋白质含量为45．3％，脂肪为20．1％，在适宜的肥水条件下，667m^2产量可达300kg以上。“JN96—2343”大豆种质叶片小，株型紧凑，荚粒数多，单株生产力高。高抗倒伏，适宜密植，生育期95-l00d。“JN96—2343”百粒重弹性大，可广泛用于豆制品及饲料加工业，也可做生豆芽或青豆苗的专用品种。 相似文献
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大豆新品种辽豆１０号及其丰产栽培技术“辽豆１０号”是辽宁省农科院油料作物研究所研究员张仁双和杨伯玉等科技人员，在１９８２年以“辽豆３号”为母本，用”辽８２—５１”做父本，采取有性杂交的定向培育的方法，精心选育成功的高产、优质、多抗大豆新品种，具有国内... 相似文献
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武夷岩茶综合做青机做青程序的探讨 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
1 目前普及的综合做青机做青程序及工作原理采用日光萎调或热风萎凋 ,当青叶达萎调适度后 ,经冷却摊凉 2 0— 30ｍｉｎ后进入做青过程。目前生产中常用的做青程序是 :“吹风 (热风或冷风 ) ,机械摇动 ,停止静置”简称“吹—摇—停”。吹风时间由多到少 ,摇青 ,静置时间由少到多 ,经多次反复达到做青要求。工作原理是 :“吹风”加速叶片水份蒸发 ,吹风后叶子呈萎软状态即“退青”。吹风后机械转动摇青 ,促进梗中水分和营养物质向叶肉细胞输送 ,同时破坏叶片边缘叶细胞组织。摇青停止后青叶呈复苏状态 ,即“还阳” ,随着静置时间延长 ,叶片水… 相似文献
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2004年热带、亚热带地区春大豆国家区域试验概况 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
2004年热带、亚热带地区首次实施的春大豆国家区域试验，在海南、广东、广西、江西、福建的9个区试点进行，有来自5个育种单位的13个品种参加。本文分析了春大豆区试的概况，并对区试有关问题进行了分析和探讨。参试的13个品种（系）产量在133．9-180．6kg／667m^2之间，“粤春03—4”在海南省农科院产量创造了253kg／667m^2记录。有7个参试品种比对照增产，其中“泉豆937”、“桂0120—1”、“粤春03—4”、“福豆234”、“粤春03—5”比对照显著增产。另外，一些参试品种具有较好的品质，“粤春03—4”、“粤春03—5”两个品系的蛋白质含量分别为41．08％和42．64％，油份含量分别为21．87％和21．53％，属于高油大豆。“福豆234”、“粤春03—1”、“粤春03—2”、“桂0118—1”、“桂0112—1”，蛋白质含量分别为46．33％、46．56％、43．95％、45．12％、44．39％，属于高蛋白品种。 相似文献
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鹿苑茶机械化加工技术研究 总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1
对鹿苑茶各工序的机械化加工技术进行初步研究,结果显示,机械化制作的鹿苑茶能够达到手工制作的品质要求。工艺流程及选用的设备为:鲜叶—摊放—杀青(6CST-40型滚筒连续杀青机)—二炒(6CST-40型滚筒连续杀青机)—闷堆—做形(6CSG-50型双锅曲毫炒干机)—放泡(6CSG-50型双锅曲毫炒干机)—干燥(6CHP-60型名茶烘焙机)—增香(6CHP-60型名茶烘焙机)。通过正交试验对鹿苑茶做形条件进行优化,结果表明:在做形温度150℃左右,茶叶含水量40%,投叶量2Kg左右的条件下,干茶外形条索紧细,“环子脚”明显。在做形后期升高温度,能够较好形成“鱼子泡”的品质。 相似文献
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大豆新品种“东豆100号”是辽宁东亚种业有限公司选育，母本为“开交7310A-1-4”，父本为“开交7305—9—1—16”，2009年通过国审。该品种具有高产，稳产等特点，产量约为3000kg/hm^2。抗大豆花叶病毒病，轻感霜霉病，易感孢囊线虫病。生育期131d，适应区域较广。 相似文献
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Joseph E. Laferriere Charles W. Weber Edwin A. Kohlhepp 《Plant foods for human nutrition (Dordrecht, Netherlands)》1991,41(3):277-282
Teas of plant origin traditionally consumed by the Mountain Pima of Chihuahua, Mexico, were analyzed for mineral nutritional content. Fe, Cu, Zn, Ca, and Mg composition was determined for native teas made from shoots ofTagetes lucida, T. filifolia, Elytraria imbricata, andHolodiscus dumosus, and from root xylem ofCeanothus depressus andPhaseolus ritensis. Native uses of these teas are also described. 相似文献
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Lakshman Lal 《Potato Research》1987,30(2):329-334
Summary The effects of the leaves of five plant species, one from each of the generaAmbrosia, Anemone, Eupatorium, Eucalyptus andLantana, on potato tuber moth were investigated under indigenous storage conditions at the Central Potato Research Station, Shillong
(1800 m above sea level). Their action was compared with that of a biological insecticide (spores ofBacillus thuringiensis), a chemical insecticide (carbaryl), and an untreated control. The data collected after six months storage on tuber damage,
sprout damage and the rotting indicated that the leaves ofLantana aculeata provided most protection to the tubers, reducing damage from over 70% in the check to below 5%, and sprout damage from over
45% to below 3%. Next best wasEucalyptus globulus followed byB. thuringiensis. They may be used on tubers stored for table use or for seed as they had no adverse effect on germination or on the yield
of a subsequent crop. 相似文献
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《Journal of Crop Improvement》2013,27(2):81-114
Summary The efficiency of N fertilizers is usually poor; often less than 50% of the applied N is taken up by the crop. This review focuses on various N fertilizers with respect to the significance of different N loss pathways, namely (i) ammonia volatilization, (ii) dinitrogen and nitrogen oxide emissions, and (iii) nitrate leaching. Further, the significance of biological N immobilization, ammonium fixation and, finally, the impact of nitrate vs. ammonium uptake on crop yield are also discussed. The reviewed literature shows that N fertilizers may differ markedly in their susceptibility to losses. There is, however, considerable scope to improve N efficiency of each N source by proper N management practices. 相似文献
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Tatiana G. Polotow Sandra C. Poppe Cristina V. Vardaris Douglas Ganini Maísa Guariroba Rita Mattei Elaine Hatanaka Maria F. Martins Eduardo F. Bondan Marcelo P. Barros 《Marine drugs》2015,13(10):6117-6137
Health authorities worldwide have consistently recommended the regular consumption of marine fishes and seafood to preserve memory, sustain cognitive functions, and prevent neurodegenerative processes in humans. Shrimp, crabs, lobster, and salmon are of particular interest in the human diet due to their substantial provision of omega-3 fatty acids (n-3/PUFAs) and the antioxidant carotenoid astaxanthin (ASTA). However, the optimal ratio between these nutraceuticals in natural sources is apparently the key factor for maximum protection against most neuro-motor disorders. Therefore, we aimed here to investigate the effects of a long-term supplementation with (n-3)/PUFAs-rich fish oil, ASTA-rich algal biomass, the combination of them, or krill oil (a natural combination of both nutrients) on baseline redox balance and neuro-inflammation indexes in cerebellum and motor cortex of Wistar rats. Significant changes in redox metabolism were only observed upon ASTA supplementation, which reinforce its antioxidant properties with a putative mitochondrial-centered action in rat brain. Krill oil imposed mild astrocyte activation in motor cortex of Wistar rats, although no redox or inflammatory index was concomitantly altered. In summary, there is no experimental evidence that krill oil, fish oil, oralgal biomass (minor variation), drastically change the baseline oxidative conditions or the neuro-inflammatory scenario in neuromotor-associated rat brain regions. 相似文献
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Youna Hemery Ulla Holopainen Anna-Maija Lampi Pekka Lehtinen Tanja Nurmi Vieno Piironen Minnamari Edelmann Xavier Rouau 《Journal of Cereal Science》2011
Wheat bran is a composite material made of several layers, such as pericarp, testa and aleurone. It could be fractionated into purified fractions, which might either be used as food ingredients, or serve as a starting material for extraction of bioactive compounds. The aim of this work was to evaluate the potential of using electrostatic separation as a way to obtain purified fractions from wheat bran. Ultrafine-ground bran obtained either by cryogenic grinding or by grinding at ambient temperature was used as starting material. The ultrafine bran was then charged by tribo-electrification and introduced in a chamber containing two high voltage electrodes, where bran particles were separated depending on their acquired charge, allowing positively and negatively charged fractions to be collected separately. The particle size distribution, microstructure and biochemical composition of the obtained fractions were studied. The charge of the particles was influenced by their biochemical composition: particles rich in highly branched and cross-linked arabinoxylans (pericarp) were separated from particles rich in β-glucan, ferulic acid and para-coumaric acid (aleurone cell walls). The testa and the intracellular compounds from aleurone were not highly charged, neither positively nor negatively. The most positively charged fraction represented 34% of the initial bran, and contained 62% of the ferulic acid present in the initial bran. The yield of the separation process was good (5.4% loss), and could be further increased. 相似文献
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M. I. Siri P. Villanueva M. J. Pianzzola L. Franco Fraguas G. Galván M. Acosta F. Ferreira 《Potato Research》2004,47(3-4):127-138
Summary The in vitro antimicrobial activity of extracts from accessions ofSolanum commersonii Dun. collected in the south of Uruguay was investigated against five microorganisms including the pathogenRalstonia solanacearum. A total of 30 extracts corresponding to organic and aqueous extracts were studied. Interestingly, most of the positive results
for growth inhibition were againstR. solanacearum. The extracts were also analyzed for the presence of glycoalkaloids and lectins. Six of the ten aqueous extracts showed lectin
presence and a wide variation in the type and amounts of glycoalkaloids, was found. Results indicate that there is no clear
relationship between the antimicrobial activity against the five microorganisms screened and the presence or amounts of lectins
and glycoalkaloids, traditionally regarded as possible antimicrobial metabolites in theSolanum genus, which indicates the presence of as yet unidentified antimicrobial compounds. 相似文献
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Novel food and non-food uses for sorghum and millets 总被引：4，自引：3，他引：4
Sorghum and millets have considerable potential in foods and beverages. As they are gluten-free they are suitable for coeliacs. Sorghum is also a potentially important source of nutraceuticals such antioxidant phenolics and cholesterol-lowering waxes. Cakes, cookies, pasta, a parboiled rice-like product and snack foods have been successfully produced from sorghum and, in some cases, millets. Wheat-free sorghum or millet bread remains the main challenge. Additives such as native and pre-gelatinised starches, hydrocolloids, fat, egg and rye pentosans improve bread quality. However, specific volumes are lower than those for wheat bread or gluten-free breads based on pure starches, and in many cases, breads tend to stale faster. Lager and stout beers with sorghum are brewed commercially. Sorghum's high-starch gelatinisation temperature and low beta-amylase activity remain problems with regard to complete substitution of barley malt with sorghum malt . The role of the sorghum endosperm matrix protein and cell wall components in limiting extract is a research focus. Brewing with millets is still at an experimental stage. Sorghum could be important for bioethanol and other bio-industrial products. Bioethanol research has focused on improving the economics of the process through cultivar selection, method development for low-quality grain and pre-processing to recover valuable by-products. Potential by-products such as the kafirin prolamin proteins and the pericarp wax have potential as bioplastic films and coatings for foods, primarily due to their hydrophobicity. 相似文献
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Tovar LR Olivos M Gutierrez ME 《Plant foods for human nutrition (Dordrecht, Netherlands)》2008,63(4):189-194
Pulque is made by fermenting the agave sap or aguamiel of Agave atrovirens with a whole array of microorganisms present in the environment including several lactic acid bacteria and yeasts such as
Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Ascorbic acid was determined in pulque and aguamiel, respectively. Phytase activity in lees, liquid and freeze-dried pulque was assayed by measuring the appearance of phosphate from phytate by a colorimetric method likewise phosphate from phytate
present in fresh corn tortilla was measured after in vitro incubation with pulque. Iron, zinc, calcium, magnesium and selenium contents were measured in pulque and corn tortilla as well as in nixtamalized corn flour (NCF), the latter is used to make instant tortilla, since corn provides
most of the energy as well as most of the phytate in the Mexican rural diet. Pulque showed phytase activity but much less ascorbic acid and iron than previously reported; additionally, phytase in pulque hydrolyzed most of phytate’s corn tortilla. Lees, which is mostly made of pulque’s microbiota, significantly accumulated iron and zinc but no selenium. NCF was fortified with iron by the manufacturers but
poorly blended. There were significant differences on selenium content between tortillas samples, apparently some soils in
central Mexico are selenium deficient. Moderate pulque intake appears to increase the bioavailability of iron and zinc bound by phytate in corn. 相似文献