共查询到19条相似文献，搜索用时 245 毫秒
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CLE多肽激素信号转导在植物维管系统发育分化中的作用 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
多肽激素参与植物的生长、发育及抗逆等许多生命过程,特别是作为信号分子在细胞与细胞之间的短距离信息交流中起着关键作用。原形成层/形成层细胞通过分裂与分化,在保持自身分生活性的同时,不断生成木质部和韧皮部细胞。近年来研究表明,CLE多肽激素及其类受体激酶通过独特的信号转导机制决定着维管形成层细胞的命运,在调节维管系统的发育方面具有重要的作用。以维管组织为重点,着重介绍CLE多肽激素在控制和影响拟南芥原形成层/形成层细胞分裂和分化方面的信号通路。尽管目前还不清楚CLE多肽激素如何影响木本植物维管形成层的起始、维持及分化,但随着杨树全基因组序列的获得,采用功能基因组学研究策略,将进一步了解林木植物中控制维管形成层细胞分生和分化的重要基因,从而实现调控次生维管系统发育、改良材性的目标。 相似文献
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木本植物次生维管系统形态建成的基因调控与信号转导研究进展 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
树木的次生生长决定着木材的产量,具有重要的经济价值.围绕着草本模式植物拟南芥和木本模式植物杨树,对近年来有关维管组织形态建成的信号机制与基因调控的研究进展进行概括,主要内容为:维管组织的功能与形成;维管形成层的细胞类型及基因表达特异性;木质部和韧皮部细胞极性的有关关键基因;维管形成层干细胞的分化机制;维管组织发育中的激素调控网络.重点对比拟南芥和杨树这2种模式物种之间的异同. 相似文献
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几种天南星科荫生观叶植物组织培养研究 总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6
以天南星科荫生观叶植物绿巨人，绿帝王，红帝王，金帝王为对象，通过不同细胞分裂素浓度及其与生长素不同比例搭配对比植体第一次分化影响，椰汁提取物，赤霉素对外植体芽第一次分化影响及继代过程中细胞分裂素对继代芽增殖的影响；试管苗生根条件，不同种类抗菌素抑菌效果的研究，总结出所选用的四个植物品种外植体分化及继代，生根所需的最适诱导及培养条件，繁殖系数可达３＾１２～４．５＾１２，为工厂化快速育苗提供了依据与手 相似文献
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为了揭示多氯联苯Aroclor1242对荻组培苗不定根分化影响的作用机制,以多氯联苯Aroclor1242为污染物,对处于分化和生长过程中的荻组培苗不定根全程持续暴露,研究Aroclor1242对荻组培苗不定根分化的影响,并利用玉米胚芽鞘伸长试验和拟南芥DR5::GUS报告基因应答反应定性分析Aroclor1242的类植物生长素生物效应。结果表明:2 mg/L、4 mg/L、6 mg/L和8 mg/L Aroclor1242暴露对荻不定根分化具有显著的促进作用,其不定根初根时间、不定根分化率达到100%时间以及侧根等均显著高于阴性对照,8 mg/L Aroclor1242对荻不定根分化促进作用最大,其初根时间比阴性对照提前9 d,比阳性对照提前2 d,不定根分化率达100%时间比阴性对照提前9 d,比阳性对照提前5 d;10 mg/L和20 mg/L Aroclor1242暴露对荻不定根分化表现出抑制作用。物质的类植物生长素定性分析发现,一定剂量的Aroclor1242对玉米胚芽鞘伸长无显著影响,但可以诱导生长素响应报告基因(DR5::GUS)阳性应答。以上结果表明,低剂量Aroclor1242可显著促进荻不定根分化而高剂量抑制,存在显著的剂量效应关系。Aroclor1242可能不是类植物生长素,但可能会通过影响植物内源生长素水平影响荻不定根分化。该发现为进一步深入研究PCBs不同同系物的毒理学及其植物修复机制提供了新的线索。 相似文献
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生长素结合蛋白研究进展 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
植物细胞信号转导分子机制：植物个体以细胞为单位感受并传递各种环境刺激(如干旱、高盐、养分亏缺等)并做出适当的反应以维持其生存。植物细胞能够识别、感受各种不同的内外源刺激信号，并进而通过一定的分子机制将所识别和感知的信号传递及转化成一定的生理生化效应。因此，深入地探讨细胞及分子水平的信号转导机制是阐明植物整体水平信息传递以及对环境胁迫的适应机制的基础。近10a来，随着植物生理学、细胞生物学、遗传学、发育生物学、分子生物学等的交叉渗透，在细胞及分子水平阐明各种内外源刺激信号调控细胞生理生化活动的分子作用机制(即细胞信号转导机制)的研究已成为植物科学基础理论研究的前沿领域。近年来随着植物分子生物学及生物化学的发展，生长素结合蛋白(ABP)、输出载体基因的克隆及其作用机理、生长素响应基因等方面的研究得到较大的进展使得在分子和细胞水平上研究生长素的作用机理成为可能。下面将就生长素结合蛋白的研究进展作一介绍。 相似文献
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以3个非洲菊品种的叶柄为材料,研究了不同激素及其浓度对非洲菊离体培养再生的影响。结果表明:3个品种的叶柄在含单一细胞分裂素6-BA的培养基上培养时都不能被诱导出愈伤组织;而在仅含生长素NAA的培养基上培养时均可被诱导出愈伤组织,并且在其愈伤组织发生部位都有不定根发生,但只有品种6267能从不定根发生部位直接分化出不定芽;当在含NAA的培养基上再附加6-BA时也可被诱导出愈伤组织,但无不定根发生。所产生的愈伤组织在分化培养基上培养时只有由品种Ⅱ叶柄在同时含有NAA和6-BA的诱导培养基上产生的愈伤组织才可以分化出不定芽。表明愈伤组织的诱导与分化、不定芽和不定根的发生与品种及培养基中的激素种类有关。 相似文献
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以多年生黑麦草成熟种子为外植体进行了愈伤组织诱导和分化的研究。结果表明:dicamba替代2,4 D,蔗糖替代麦芽糖可以显著提高愈伤组织诱导率和植株再生率;在一定的浓度范围内(3～9mg·L-12,4 D)2,4 D浓度的升高可明显提高愈伤组织的诱导率,但同时却降低了分化率;在愈伤诱导培养基中同时使用两种生长激素(2,4 D和NAA)的效果要好于单独使用一种生长激素(2,4 D)的效果;水解酪蛋白、脯氨酸和谷氨酰胺浓度的增加并没有促进植株再生率的升高。 相似文献
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植物性别分化研究进展 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
综述了植物性别分化分子水平上 3个层次的研究进展 ,包括 :分化程序 ,即特定大分子标记物主要是特异蛋白质和同工酶的分析 ;诱导信号 ,即激素和多胺二者的代谢及诱导作用 ;性决定基因的鉴定与表达。 相似文献
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激素处理南方红豆杉扦插生根的研究 总被引：10，自引：5，他引：5
应用吲哚乙酸、吲哚丁酸、奈乙酸三种不同的生长素对插条进行处理,探讨它们在不同扦插基质上的生根率。基质配比采用（４,４）单形重心设计,结果重心设计,结果是：三种生长素中以吲哚乙酸对扦插生根的影响最好,基质以４５％黄心土和５５％珍珠岩配比效果最好。插穗浸泡时间不同对扦插生根率也产生了显著影响。 相似文献
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DING Xingcui CAI Hanjiang China National Bamboo Research Center Hangzhou P.R.China 《中国林业科技(英文版)》2007,6(2):54-61
By determination of the change of endogenous hormone Zr, iPA, GA3, IAA and ABA during different flower bud differentiation stages of Phyllostachys praecox, which is identified through both field observation and lab analysis, and with the reference to the previous research achievements on bamboo flowering, the flowering mechanism assumption of Phyto-Hormone Regulation and Gene Activation of Ph. praecox is induced in this article： Bamboo flower bud differentiation can be divided into 3 stages, i.e. flower bud induction, flower bud initiation and flower bud development; Bamboo leaves sense and receive flowering signals from environments to change its hormone level, esp. ratios of iPA/ABA and iPA/GA3; Flowering gene is activated once the ratios of iPA/ABA and iPA/GA3 reach a proper threshold, and it produces DNA and RNA carrying flowering code and transports them to top or side buds nearby, and then protein necessary for flower bud differentiation comes out, as a result of which the flower bud induction is trigged and started, followed by flower bud initiation and development. In the induction stage, ratio of C/N is nearly constant, but increases in the initiation stage. Therefore it clarifies that the rising of C/N ratio does not bring about bamboo flowering initially, and it is a follow-up reactions of process initiation of bamboo flowering. It proves that bamboo rhizome is directly involved in the flower bud differentiation. This assumption can well explain mysterious phenomena of bamboo flowering, and by integrating the current several assumptions, answer the difficult and perplexing questions regarding bamboo flowering which have not been answered by the present assumptions. 相似文献
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Naoki Negishi Katsuhiko Nakahama Nobuaki Urata Mikiko Kojima Hitoshi Sakakibara Akiyoshi Kawaoka 《New Forests》2014,45(4):577-587
Eucalyptus globulus is the one of the most economically important trees for pulp and paper industries due to its fast growth and short harvesting cycle. However, E. globulus is well known as a woody plant that is hard to propagate vegetatively. In this study, we found wide distribution of rooting ability among seven independent genotypes we tested. Analysis of the mechanism of adventitious rooting by using the auxin transport inhibitor, N-naphthylphthalamic acid, revealed that polar auxin transport is crucial in root formation. The gravitropism of the stem was highly correlated to the percentage of adventitious root formation. Hormonal analysis showed that the levels of indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) were the same between difficult-to-root and easy-to-root genotypes, whereas levels of IAAsp (indole-3-acetyl aspartic acid) were higher in the difficult-to-root genotype, indicating that IAA metabolism might play an important role in adventitious root formation in this species. Levels of several cytokinins exhibited differences between genotypes that varied in their cutting performance and rooting ability. Furthermore, higher level of cytokinin in elongating shoots were correlated with rooting percentage. Taken together, our results indicate that both auxins and cytokinins play a role in adventitious root formation in E. globulus, and that a complex interplay between the levels of auxins and cytokinins and their metabolism might result in root formation in this commercially important plant. 相似文献
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Somatic embryogenesis (SE) in Eucalyptus spp. has been limited to germinated seeds, flowers, lignotubers or zygotic embryos. The low yield of somatic embryos from leaf explants has hampered progress, even though leaves offer a more viable source of clonal explants from superior selected genotypes. It was hypothesised that SE from leaf explants could be enhanced through pairing of synergistic exogenous plant growth regulators, such as natural auxins with natural cytokinins. Callus and embryo induction using 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D), α-naphthalene acetic acid (NAA), indole acetic acid (IAA), and indole butyric acid (IBA), each at either 1.0 or 3.0?mg L?1, indicated that IAA and IBA favoured significantly higher numbers of embryos compared with 2,4-D or NAA. Hence, IAA and IBA were used for subsequent experiments, combining them (at 1.0?mg L?1) with either the synthetic cytokinin, kinetin, or the natural cytokinin, trans-zeatin, both at 0.1?mg L?1. The combination of trans-zeatin and either IAA or IBA resulted in a significant increase in SE (e.g. 86 ± 17.2% and 23 ± 3.2% for IAA with trans-zeatin and kinetin, respectively), compared with kinetin, or with these auxins alone. Embryo maturation and plantlet regeneration was highest in those calli that were induced with IAA and trans-zeatin, indicating that maturation was dependent on auxin depletion, based on the stability of the analogue used for induction. For the E. grandis clone under study, the use of synergistic plant growth regulators significantly enhanced SE from leaf explants, thus presenting the opportunity to benefit from the advantages that SE offers over conventional organogenesis. 相似文献
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黑荆的茎尖培养和植株再生 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
试验以黑荆实生幼苗的茎尖作外植体,利用MS改良配方作基本培养基,补加不同种类和浓度的激素,分析了影响黑荆组培中诱导增殖和生根阶段的主要因素,摸索出各阶段的最适培养基,成功地培养出根系完整的黑荆试管苗并移栽成活。结果表明:(1)诱导增殖阶段的主要影响因素是分裂素浓度,在一定范围内,浓度越高,增殖率也越高,但不定芽伸长生长减缓;(2)影响生根的因素有无机盐浓度、分裂素浓度及生长素浓度,其中分裂素抑制生根,低盐浓度培养基有较高生根率;生长素在一定范围内促进生根,超过一定浓度时抑制生根。 相似文献