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聚氨酯木材胶粘剂的研究(Ⅰ)--化学组成对粘接力学性能的影响 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
以多亚甲基多苯基多异氰酸酯（PAPI）和聚醚多元醇为原料合成了一种单组分、室温湿固化的端异氰酸酯聚氨酯胶粘剂。本研究考察了物料的化学组成对胶粘剂粘接木材的力学性能产生的影响。实验表明,与改性二苯基二异氰酸酯（MDI）相比,PAPI合成的胶粘剂对木材粘接干压剪强度提高了60％;将相对分子质量（Mw）为800、1000和2000的聚氧化乙烯二醇（PED）、Mw为300和3000的聚氧化丙烯三醇（N303和N330）以及聚四氢呋喃一氧化丙烯二醇（NG220）按优化的比例复合使用,以改性胺和有机锡复合催化,可有效提高粘接木材的干和湿压剪强度、固化速率以及木破率。Fr-IR光谱证实聚醚多元醇的-OH与PAPI的-NCO反应生成了氨基甲酸酯（-NHCOO-）,但N—H和G=O均以氢键形式存在。 相似文献
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乳液型聚氨酯胶粘剂的研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
本研究的胶粘剂是以蓖麻油和甲苯二异氰酸盐为主要原料进行反应，同时加入乙烯共聚物及水溶性松香皂化酯，形成乳液型聚氨酯胶粘剂。主要用于未经处理的聚乙烯薄膜之间的粘接以及聚乙烯薄膜与纸的粘接。 相似文献
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《技术与市场》2001,1(1):22
木材加工工业是应用胶粘剂数量最多的工业部门，目前世界范围内的木材用胶粘剂通常为脲醛树脂、酚醛树脂、三聚氰胺树脂、白乳胶及少量动植物蛋白胶和氯丁胶。这些胶粘剂的历史发展悠久，用量也最大。统计资料显示国外（如日本、德国）木材胶粘剂的产量占胶粘剂总产量的４７％，国内使用数量占合成胶粘剂总产量的７０％～７５％。然而上述木材胶存在固化时间长、初粘性差、固化时往往需要加温或加压等致命缺点，因此开发生产新型木材胶具有重要意义。产品特点１．固化时间短：在常温和不加外压的情况下，０．５ｈ～３ｈ即可固化，时间比现用木材胶缩短了１０倍～２０倍。２．粘接强度高：对木材的胶粘强度与白乳胶和其他树脂胶的相同或更高。３．初粘性好：能在０．５ｍｉｎ～３ｍｉｎ内初粘。４．产品没有毒性、刺激性和腐蚀性，价格便宜，原料来源丰富。若将该产品用于胶合板生产，可改变传统的加温加压粘接工艺，节省设备投资。用于家具制造可迅速常温不加压固化，缩短生产周期。本项产品的推广使用将给木材加工行业带来新的生命力。技术水平近年来，国内外科技工作者在木材胶的研究方面始终滞留在对现行木材胶的改性方法上。试验证明，如果不从根本上改变胶粘剂的结构，很难达到预期目的。我们在查阅... 相似文献
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以多亚甲基多苯基多异氰酸酯(PAPI)和聚醚多元醇为原料合成了一种单组分、室温湿固化的端异氰酸酯聚氨酯胶粘剂。本研究考察了物料的化学组成对胶粘剂粘接木材的力学性能产生的影响。实验表明,与改性二苯基二异氰酸酯(MD I)相比,PAPI合成的胶粘剂对木材粘接干压剪强度提高了60%;将相对分子质量(MW)为800、1 000和2 000的聚氧化乙烯二醇(PED)、MW为300和3 000的聚氧化丙烯三醇(N303和N330)以及聚四氢呋喃-氧化丙烯二醇(NG220)按优化的比例复合使用,以改性胺和有机锡复合催化,可有效提高粘接木材的干和湿压剪强度、固化速率以及木破率。FT-IR光谱证实聚醚多元醇的—OH与PAPI的—NCO反应生成了氨基甲酸酯(—NHCOO—),但N—H和C O均以氢键形式存在。 相似文献
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在现代木材加工工业生产中，对胶粘剂的依赖性不断增强，胶接质量已越来越成为影响木制品质量的一个重要因素。影响木材胶接性能的因素很多，有木材密度、树种等木材固有的因素，也有被胶接木材的含水率、表面粗糙度等加工过程中所产生的因素。本文从木材的干燥质量，主要是木材的含水率入手，对于不同树种满足集成材胶接对含水率的要求做了初步探索，并给出了相应的干燥工艺，这对于实际生产有着一定的指导意义。 相似文献
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胶粘荆，尤其是环氧胶粘剂的应用已扩展到许多领域，为各行各业简化工艺、节约能源、降低成本、提高经济效益提供了一条有效的途径，正在越来越多地代替机械联结。然而，一般的胶粘剂粘接强度低，只能满足日常生活和工程的一般粘接强度的需要。 相似文献
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陈宏 《林业机械与木工设备》2001,29(10):18-19
１ 木材含水特性及单板干燥规律 木材中所含的水分可分为两部分。一部分存在于木纤维中，称为吸附水；当木纤维吸附水达到饱和后，再多余的水就存在于细胞腔中，这种水称自由水。当吸附水刚刚达到饱和，而无自由水时，木材的含水率称为临界含水率。不同树种的临界含水率各不相同，一般都在２５％～３５％之间。临界含水率是影响木材物理、力学性质的临界线。试验证明，当木材含水率小于临界含水率时，木材强度也随之明显变化：含水率越低，木材强度越高；反之，木材强度越低。单板干燥的目的就是通过加热方式，强制蒸发掉单板中的水分，降低… 相似文献
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Alireza Bastani Stergios Adamopoulos Holger Militz 《Wood material science & engineering》2017,12(4):236-241
The shear strength of furfurylated, N-methylol melamine (NMM) and thermally modified wood bonded with emulsion polymer isocyanate, polyvinyl acetate (PVAc), and polyurethane (PU) adhesives was examined. Furfurylation and NMM modification of Scots pine had a significant negative effect on the bonding strength with all adhesives irrespective of the treatment intensity. The obtained low-shear strength values were related to the brittle nature of the wood after modifications rather to the failure of the bondline. PVAc showed a better bonding performance with both furfurylated and NMM modified wood while the combination of furfurylated wood and PU gave the highest reduction in bonding strength (47–51%). Shear strength also decreased significantly after thermal modification in both Scots pine (36–56%) and beech (34–48%) with all adhesives. With the exception of thermally modified beech samples bonded with PU, bondline was found to be the weakest link in thermally modified wood as it was revealed by the wood failure surfaces. Bondline thickness and effective penetration of adhesives did not relate to the shear strength of all modified wood materials. The lower shear strength of modified wood could be attributed to other factors, such as the reduced chemical bonding or mechanical interlocking of adhesives, and the reduced strength of brittle modified wood substrate. 相似文献
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This investigation was conducted to determine the feasibility of using a two-component polyurethane （PUR） adhesive, with special waterproof properties, in constructing wooden structures. We designed and conducted tests to compare the shear strength and adhesion performance of PUR with polyvinyl acetate （PVAc） adhesive on block-shear specimens constructed of oriental beech （Fagus orientalis L.）, fir （Abies alba Mill.）, poplar （Populus deltoides Bartr.）, white oak （Quercus alba L.）, sycamore （Platanus orientalis L.） and white walnut （Juglans cinerea L.）. The values of the percentage of wood failure were also determined in specimens constructed with each adhesive. The highest shear strength values of both adhesives were obtained in specimens constructed of beech, while the lowest shear strength values were obtained in fir and poplar specimens. Average shear strength of the PUR adhesive was 16.5% higher than that of the PVAc adhesive. Specimens constructed of fir, poplar and sycamore were characterised by the highest percentages of wood failure, whereas the lowest average percentages of wood failure were obtained in beech and oak specimens. With the exception of oak specimens, there was no statistically significant difference between percentage of wood failure among the PUR and PVAc adhesives. Generally, the PUR adhesive showed an acceptable adhesion performance on wood materials used in our study. 相似文献
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D. Mannes S. Sanabria M. Funk R. Wimmer K. Kranitz P. Niemz 《Wood Science and Technology》2014,48(3):591-609
In this work, the sorption and moisture diffusion behaviour of historically relevant glutin-based adhesives (i.e. bone glue, hide glue, fish glue) is characterized. The adhesive’s sorption isotherms were assessed on thin film samples revealing fundamental differences between the glutin-based adhesives and the synthetic reference adhesive (polyurethane). Furthermore, the water vapour diffusion parallel to the fibre was examined by means of neutron imaging on bonded two-layer samples of Norway spruce wood. In contrast to previous studies using neutron imaging, a new evaluation approach is presented, which allows for nonzero initial moisture conditions and takes into account and compensates for the geometry changes in the sample caused by swelling and shrinkage, thus allowing for a characterization of the diffusion behaviour within the glue line. The diffusion coefficients determined with neutron imaging were interpreted in terms of a theoretical model which takes into account the glue line microstructure. Although the diffusion coefficients were on average larger values for the glutin-based adhesives compared to the reference polyurethane adhesive, the significant variation observed in the sorption measurement is not reflected. This can partially be ascribed to excessive penetration of the adhesives into the wood substrate in fibre direction, which impedes a continuous adhesive layer. Furthermore, deformation and densification of the wood structure was assessed in the vicinity of the adhesive joint. This effect can be ascribed to the surface roughness, which results in very high local stresses leading to buckling and deformation of the tracheids. This situation is similar to that found for adhesive joints in or close to the fibre direction such as finger or butt joints. 相似文献
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《Wood material science & engineering》2013,8(4):185-189
Abstract One of the main disadvantages of wood is hygroscopicity resulting from its polar character. The sorption–desorption of water causes unwanted swelling and shrinkage in wood. Thermal modification substantially reduces this inconvenient feature. Unfortunately, the same chemical changes that reduce water sorption alter the polar character of the material and result in poorer wetting of thermally treated wood by waterborne adhesives. Gluability of thermally modified beech (Fagus silvatica L.) and birch (Betula pubescens Ehrh.) wood with two commercial amino resins, melamine–urea–formaldehyde (MUF) and melamine–formaldehyde (MF), and a two-component polyurethane (PUR) adhesive was investigated. Both wood species were modified according to two temperature regimes: 160°C and 190°C. Shear strengths of the joints were then determined according to EN 205:2003 standard. The results showed that thermally modified beech and birch wood can be effectively glued not only with commercially available PUR adhesives, but also with aqueous MF and MUF resins. The resultant shear strengths of the joints were limited by the strength of the thermally modified substrate. 相似文献
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《Wood material science & engineering》2013,8(2):93-100
Abstract The shear fracture properties of green-glued one-component polyurethane (PUR) wood adhesive bonds subjected to kiln drying were investigated. The local shear strength and fracture energy of the wood adhesive bonds were determined from experimentally recorded complete shear stress versus deformation curves of the bond line. A stable test set-up and small specimens that were anti-symmetrically loaded were used in order to get a uniform and pure state of shear stress. Different moisture contents (MCs) and pressing times were investigated. The fracture properties of conventionally dry-glued wood adhesive bonds and of solid wood were used as reference. The results show that the fracture energy of green-glued bonds with PUR adhesive is dependent on the MC of wood and on the pressing time. The same fracture energy and strength can be obtained by green gluing as by dry gluing, but there seems to exist a maximum MC of sapwood, in the range between 78% and 160%, and a minimum pressing time, in the range between 3 h and 48 h, for which it can be achieved. Both dry- and green-glued polyurethane adhesive bonds were more ductile than solid wood. 相似文献
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以玉米酒精粕(DDGS)为原料、聚酰胺环氧氯丙烷树脂(PAE)为交联剂、水溶性豆粕(SM)为增强剂制备玉米酒精粕基木材胶黏剂,对比了DDGS与SM蛋白质含量及其氨基酸种类与含量,测试了胶黏剂黏度与制备胶合板的胶合强度,表征了固化胶黏剂功能性基团、热稳定性、断面形态,解析了DDGS基胶黏剂组分对性能的影响规律与增强作用机制。结果表明:与SM相比较,DDGS中蛋白含量低46.3%,蛋白质亲水侧链氨基酸含量低22.0%,疏水侧链氨基酸高43.4%,DDGS蛋白溶解性和反应活性低于SM蛋白;当原料m(DDGS)∶m(SM)=3∶1时,胶黏剂制备胶合板耐水胶合强度为0.91 MPa,较DDGS胶黏剂提高727.3%,达到国家Ⅱ类胶合板标准要求,同时原料成本降低29.2%;相比SM胶黏剂,m(DDGS)∶m(SM)=1∶3时,胶黏剂制备胶合板耐水胶合强度提高7.5%,达1.43 MPa,其原因是SM的加入提高了胶黏剂交联密度;胶黏剂黏度降低了32.4%,更容易渗透到木材孔隙中形成机械结合力;DDGS中含有7%纤维,可以对胶黏剂产生物理增强作用,阻碍裂隙延伸,提高内聚力。因此,利用DDGS为原料可有效制备耐水木材胶黏剂并用于胶接人造板,有利于推动蛋白基木材胶黏剂的工业化应用。 相似文献
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采用铜氨(胺)季铵盐(ACQ-D)防腐剂处理马尾松木材,以水性高分子异氰酸酯(API)、聚氨酯(PUR)和间苯二酚-苯酚-甲醛树脂(RPF)为胶黏剂制备防腐材胶合试样,研究胶黏剂种类和防腐剂处理浓度对马尾松胶合强度的影响。结果表明:API、PUR、RPF适用于ACQ处理马尾松的胶合,平均剪切强度和木破率均达到GB/T 26899—2011《结构用集成材》要求。胶黏剂种类对防腐材胶合强度有显著影响,表现为PUR和RPF的剪切强度优于API。与未处理材相比,ACQ处理对API胶合有负面影响,对PUR胶合有增强效应,对RPF胶合没有显著影响。在ACQ浓度为0.1%～1.0%范围内,胶合强度没有显著变化。 相似文献
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The effects of mass concentration,the reaction temperature and the reaction time of soy protein isolate(SPI) and sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) on the adhesive strength of the modified SPI adhesives has been studied through orthogonal experiments.And the adhesive mechanism of the modified SPI adhesives was discussed.The results show that the optimum formula conditions are as follows:mass concentration of SPI was 14%,that of SDS 1%,reaction temperature 35℃and the reaction time 3 h.Under the optimum conditions, the dry adhesive strength of the modified SPI adhesives was 1.82 MPa,the wet adhesive strength was 0.82 MPa,the viscosity was 5.8 Pa·s,the solid content was 12.96%.After SDS was added into SPI, the composites of SDS-SPI were formed,the internal hydrophobic groups among the SPI molecule structure were turned out and the water resistance of the modified SPI adhesives was enhanced with an increase of the modification time.When the concentration of SDS was over a defined value,the disulfide bond was broken and the modification effect of SDS went bad. 相似文献