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研究模拟大田养蜂生产,在花期蜂蜜生产过程中通过对照实验,跟踪检测使用氯霉素的生产蜂群的蜂蜜中氯霉素残留量变化趋势,揭示以氯霉素为代表的抗生素残留在蜂群中残留量的变化规律,评估了不同管理水平下氯霉素残留量衰减率,以发现有效消除蜂群氯霉素残留的方法。研究证明,在养蜂生产中一次氯霉素的使用会对蜂蜜品质造成长期影响,同时取蜜次数、蜂群群势及用药剂量均与蜂蜜氯霉素残留量变化相关。生产中取蜜次数与氯霉素残留量负相关,强群势蜂群有助于加快蜂蜜中氯霉素残留量递减速度,但当蜂蜜中氯霉素残留量降至1.5μg/kg后,增加取蜜次数对蜂蜜氯霉素残留量影响不明显。大用药剂量将导致蜂蜜中氯霉素残留量激增,降解时间延长。使用清洁蜂箱和巢脾能有效消除蜂蜜生产中氯霉素的残留。 相似文献
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1蜂蜜投料操作工艺流程介绍
领取蜂蜜:按照生产计划到原料库领取蜂蜜,核对所取蜜的品种,是否有异味,是否有杂质,是否过期变质,重量是否准确等,符合要求后办理出库手续将蜜送到生产车间.
选蜜配蜜:对原料蜜的色泽、气味、水分含量、蜜种和淀粉酶值(鲜度指标)等按照检测结果搭配,其中淀粉酶值一般要求在8以上.不得含有有毒物质,使其符合现行蜂蜜国家标准.
注意事项:
(1)严格按照设备操作规程操作.
(2)清洗外包装污物,防止进入蜂蜜当中.
(3)生产前中后要注意卫生,及时打扫.下班时检查水电气是否关闭,确认无误后再离开车间. 相似文献
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游离重金属污染蜂蜜,主要是由于蜂蜜生产、加工、包装、储存过程中直接接触了含有铅、锌和铁等金属的容器和设备。蜂蜜被污染,这是一种化学反应的过程。被污染的程度,与蜂蜜的浓度、蜜温的高低、蜂蜜接触金属容器的时间长短等多种因素有关。蜂蜜浓度低(必然含水量高,酸性强),蜜温高、接触时间长,污染的程度就重。反之,则污染程度就轻。由此可见,防止游离重金属污染蜂蜜,首先要尽可能地不用镀锌桶、铁桶等没有涂染或涂料脱落的金属器皿装蜜。有条件的可建造贮蜜池,避免蜂蜜与金属接触。其次,要 相似文献
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为了解决产羔房存在的投料劳动强度大、饮水卫生无法保证等问题,笔者基于单片机、自动控制、无线传输及数字处理等技术,设计了智能产羔房自动投料及饮水系统,并自主研发了水质检测模块,详细阐述了该自动投料及饮水系统各模块的原理及程序流程设计,包括自动投料、称重、水质检测硬件电路等。结果表明:所设计的自动投料及饮水系统运行稳定,数据采集稳定,历史记录可追溯,降低了人工投料强度,提高了饲喂效率,保证了种羊的充足饮水及水质卫生。说明设计研发的自动投料及饮水系统能为畜牧养殖智能化管理及科学研究提供技术支持和可靠的数据来源。 相似文献
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1接收方法
人工接收。用人力将袋装原料从输送工具上搬入仓库、堆垛、拆包和投料，劳动强度大，生产效率低，费用高。 相似文献
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<中国养蜂>2003年第6期,苏松坤、陈盛禄二位教授撰写的"天然成熟蜜生产模式"一文中提出:"提高蜂产品质量是蜂业持续发展的关键.建立中国特色的天然成熟蜜生产模式是解决蜂蜜质量问题的必由之路".关于蜂蜜质量文中指出:"蜂蜜质量必须做到尽可能生产天然成熟蜜.进入流蜜期,视进蜜情况确定取蜜时间,到了流蜜盛期,待蜂蜜酿制成熟,即蜜房封盖或呈鱼眼状才能分离,不要见蜜就取".关于取蜜方法,文中介绍了"国外用浅继箱生产天然成熟蜜的方式.自动化程度高,设备投资大,一般蜂场无法承受". 相似文献
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春季管理是养蜂生产的关键环节,也是蜂群发展最困难的阶段,因此受到广泛关注.分析春季繁殖的条件、蜂群的生物学特征和快速繁殖所需的条件,结合春季繁殖阶段的管理任务,综述冷暖分区饲养法在春季繁殖中的应用,旨在能够更好地完善和推广此项技术,为模式化养蜂技术的发展奠定基础. 相似文献
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2013年8月,在北京动物园马来貘馆,采用瞬时扫描取样法、焦点动物取样法和全事件取样法,对5只马来貘的行为和室外运动场空间的选择利用进行了研究。结果表明,马来貘在室外运动场主要使用草地、土地、深水水池和水泥地,较少使用浅水地面,回避乱石地;运动型刻板行为多发生在门口或角落处的水泥地面上。为躲避游人干扰和日光暴晒,马来貘对室内的利用强度显著高于室外（P=0．011）。马来貘在室外运动场将较多的时间用于卧息、游泳和走动,其次是站立、刻板行为和采食,仅将很少的时间用于其他行为（包括饮水、排便、嗅闻、惊跳、跑动、张望、发声等）。根据此次研究和评估结果,建议改造室外运动场基底和围栏;设置深水游泳池、足够的树荫;动物轮换展出;改进饲喂方式,减少口部刻板行为和齿槽感染的发生。 相似文献
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对雁鸣湖(大山水库)的黑斑狗鱼Dybowski的种群结构、生长特征、摄食及繁殖进行了调查研究。由于环境的恶化,过度捕捞,水质的污染等原因,其渔业资源正处于匮乏状态,鉴于目前的状况,应采取相应的措施,对产卵期和产卵场进行保护,禁止非法过度捕捞,走渔业可持续发展道路。 相似文献
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Background: Feeding behavior study is important for animal husbandry and production. However, few studies were conducted on the feeding behavior and their relationship with feeding efficiency in Pekin ducks. In order to investigate the feeding behavior and their relationship with feed efficiency and other economic traits in Pekin ducks, we selected 358 male Pekin ducks and recorded feeding information between 3 to 6 wk of age using automatic electronic feeders, and compared the feeding behavior under different residual feed intake(RFI) levels.Results: We observed that total feed time, daily feed intake and feed intake per meal had strong positive correlations with feed efficiency traits; moreover, strong correlation between feed intake per meal and body weight was found(R=0.32, 0.36). Daily feeding rate meal and meal duration had weak correlations with feed efficiency(R=0.14~0.15). The phenotypic correlation of between-meal pauses, with feed efficiency was not observed. When daily changes were analyzed, high RFI ducks had the highest feed consumption over all times, and obvious differences in daily visits were found among different RFI level animals during the middle period; these differences were magnified with age, but there was no difference in daily meal number. Moreover, our data indicate that high RFI birds mainly take their meals at the edge of the population enclosure, where they are more susceptible to environmental interference.Conclusions: Overal, this study suggests that the general feeding behaviors can be accurately measured using automatic electronic feeders and certain feeding behaviors in Pekin ducks are associated with improved feed efficiency. 相似文献
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为了给南方湿热气候地带肉牛的育肥提供参考,文章从肉牛育肥生产的4个重要环节论述了如何选择开始育肥的时间、育肥的期限、架子牛的始重和育肥饲料,以提高在南方(尤其是岭南地带)肉牛育肥的生产效益。建议在岭南湿热地带育肥肉牛开始时间以10月下旬或11—12月份较佳;育肥架子牛年龄、体重应尽量接近,周岁以上犊牛年龄相差以不超过2～3个月为宜,体重差异应控制在1个标准差以内;育肥模式可选择秋末、冬春的非热季节3～6个月短期育肥、从第1年的1月底或2月初开始的跨年度12个月育肥和从第1年秋末开始的跨3个年度的18～24月的长期育肥3种育肥模式;育肥饲料应按照育肥阶段提前准备,渐进式地更换饲料品种类型和数量;并从牛的种质、驱虫防病、每日最佳投料时间和确定产品适时上市等方面提出了持续增加育肥生产效益的可选择环节。 相似文献
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The influence of the feeding frequency on the fermentation in the bovine rumen was investigated by a single reversal trial with restricted supply of feed. The study comprised 6 rumen-fistulated dairy heifers fed a complete diet, low in crude fibre, at 2 frequencies. The effect of the treatment was assessed by the parameters: Concentration of microbial metabolites, total counts of microorganism, concentration of adenosine triphosphate (ATP), and fermentative activity in the rumen.Frequent feeding compared to feeding twice daily resulted in marked reduction of the diurnal variation in the concentration of ruminai metabolites without significant influence on the daily means of total VFA and pH, but the molar composition of the VFA mixture and the production rate of VFA were highly affected. The implications of these observations for improved feed utilization to milk production and fattening are discussed.Pronounced increment of the concentration of ATP was found by frequent feeding, but the total counts of microorganisms were found almost unaffected. Since the rate of fermentation was highly correlated with the concentration of ATP, the ATP pool may be an indicator of the fermentative activity of rumen microorganisms. 相似文献
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Two experiments were conducted to evaluate the effect of feeding rations in the form of mash, pellets or ground pellets on the performance of the broiler chicken when the ration contained varying levels of fat.
When a low‐fat ration was fed, chicks consuming pellets or ground pellets gained more body weight, consumed more food and utilised food more efficiently than chicks fed mash. Concurrently, feeding of this ration as pellets or ground pellets increased the quantitative gain in carcass dry matter, fat and gross energy. These increases were accompanied by an improved efficiency of metabolisable energy utilisation. The response of chicks to feeding the low‐fat ration in the form of ground pellets indicates that the pelleting process per se caused a change in the ration constituents which improved efficiency of energy utilisation and increased weight gain. The observation that the performance of pellet‐fed chicks surpassed that of chicks fed ground pellets suggests that feeding pellets was inducing a response beyond that which could be attributed to the beneficial effects of the pelleting process per se. In general, increasing the fat level by 10 per cent of the ration decreased the chicks’ response to pelleting although, in the case of efficiency of energy utilisation, the beneficial influence of pelleting was still apparent. 相似文献