共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 121 毫秒
1.
考虑实际结构易受荷载、环境温度和测试噪声等不确定性因素的影响,笔者基于区间分析原理提出框架结构不确定性损伤识别方法。利用测试的结构加速度响应数据,建立向量自回归模型,并采用其系数矩阵主对角线的马氏距离作为损伤特征指标。基于粒子群算法建立区间优化求解方法,并与传统的区间组合法和区间叠加法对比。通过提出的区间重叠率指标和区间名义值分别实现损伤定位和损伤程度的识别。数值模拟和实验室框架结构试验结果表明,区间分析能在测试数据较少时实现损伤识别,为损伤识别在实际结构中的应用提供了理论基础和技术手段。 相似文献
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CT test analysis of meso damage and fracture process of concrete under tensile loading 总被引：3，自引：1，他引：3
对静力、动力拉伸荷载条件下混凝土的细观破损过程进行了CT试验研究,获得了试样内部裂纹萌生、扩展、贯通的全过程CT图像。通过对CT图像及图像兴趣区中整体统计区域、局部统计区域CT 数均值的分析,研究了混凝土拉伸荷载条件下细观破损过程。结果表明：静力拉伸荷载条件下,裂纹在界面的薄弱区域形成后逐渐往相邻的薄弱部位扩展,两个统计区域CT 数均值呈降低趋势,试样破坏时伴有少量骨料被拉断的现象;动力拉伸荷载条件下,裂纹从界面薄弱区域形成后追随最快的路径扩展,局部统计区域CT 数均值呈下降趋势,而整体统计区域CT数均值变化幅度较小,破坏后骨料沿界面脱离砂浆粘结,且试样破裂面更为平整;由于加载速率的提高,骨料被拉断的现象非常显著。 相似文献
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为揭示黄土梁峁丘陵区农业生态系统的动态变化和农业生产中形成的独特人地关系,为区域农业生态系统的可持续发展提供有效的理论依据,选取典型县域──永和县为研究案例。运用能值理论及方法,定量分析了永和县2000—2015年农业生态系统能值投入产出情况,并对其可持续发展能力进行综合研究。结果表明：（1）永和县农业生态系统的能值产投结构不断优化,农业生产效率逐渐提高,但系统对自然环境资源依赖较强且利用不充分,经济能值投入不足,制约了农业的发展;（2）从能值投入看,可更新环境资源能值为农业生产做出了很大的贡献,可更新有机能值投入逐渐减少,不可更新工业辅助能值投入逐渐增多; （3）从能值产出看,其产出量明显提高,种植业、林业、畜牧业趋于协同发展,且优势产业凸显。 16年间,永和县农业生态系统功能整体较好,可持续发展能力总体处于低程度的可持续发展状态（平均指数1.03）,但不够稳定。 相似文献
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为揭示黄土梁峁丘陵区农业生态系统的动态变化和农业生产中形成的独特人地关系,为区域农业生态系统的可持续发展提供有效的理论依据,选取典型县域──永和县为研究案例。运用能值理论及方法,定量分析了永和县2000—2015年农业生态系统能值投入产出情况,并对其可持续发展能力进行综合研究。结果表明:(1)永和县农业生态系统的能值产投结构不断优化,农业生产效率逐渐提高,但系统对自然环境资源依赖较强且利用不充分,经济能值投入不足,制约了农业的发展;(2)从能值投入看,可更新环境资源能值为农业生产做出了很大的贡献,可更新有机能值投入逐渐减少,不可更新工业辅助能值投入逐渐增多;(3)从能值产出看,其产出量明显提高,种植业、林业、畜牧业趋于协同发展,且优势产业凸显。16年间,永和县农业生态系统功能整体较好,可持续发展能力总体处于低程度的可持续发展状态(平均指数1.03),但不够稳定。 相似文献
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采用有限体积流固耦合计算方法、非线性有限元热结构耦合分析方法和局部应变法研究大面积比铣槽喷管三维再生冷却槽道在循环工作条件下的热结构变形与低周疲劳寿命,并对比分析了冷却剂质量流量与入口温度对铣槽喷管疲劳使用寿命的影响。计算结果表明,铣槽喷管热结构响应呈现复杂的三维效应,应变较大位置主要分布在与肋连接的内衬区域,喷管中部的残余应变量最大;冷却槽道低周疲劳寿命分布和热结构响应基本一致,最小寿命位于喷管中部与肋相连的内衬区域燃气侧;随冷却剂质量流量增加,铣槽喷管低周疲劳寿命不断提高;随冷却剂入口温度增加喷管尾部低周疲劳寿命值不断降低,而喷管中前部的低周疲劳寿命值却不断提高,当冷却剂入口温度为280K左右时,本文的铣槽喷管总体使用寿命达到最大。 相似文献
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长江经济带是中国经济社会发展水平较高的战略发展区域,现代化的农业生产方式为农业土地的可持续利用带来严重的压力,本研究旨在为长江经济带高质量、绿色发展提供科学依据、数据支撑与合理建议。本研究基于能值分析方法,通过对长江经济带2010—2018年投入产出项目计算并构建能值效率指标体系,对该地区农业投入产出的能值结构和效率进行深入研究。结果表明,长江经济带在2010—2018年间总能值投入和总能值产出均呈上升趋势,总能值产出始终低于投入,不可更新工业辅助能投入占比较高,农业土地利用结构不合理,资源利用效率较低,农业系统到2018年已发展为轻度不可持续状态,其中在这9年间对农业可持续状况影响最大的因素是投入结构。因此长江经济带需要积极调整农业投入结构,减小对外界辅助能值尤其是不可更新工业辅助能的依赖,提高资源利用效率,才能最终实现农业的可持续发展。 相似文献
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运用叶绿素荧光参数来指示植物早期休眠的状态,为调控植物休眠提供便捷有效的参考指标。以五味子一年生幼苗为试材,运用叶绿素荧光成像系统对五味子叶片休眠前的叶绿素荧光参数进行测定。结果显示,PSⅡ的最大量子效率Fv/Fm,光化学猝灭系数qP,非光化学猝灭系数NPQ的成像中叶脉变得突出;五味子进入休眠前,初始荧光Fo,qP及非调节性能量耗散Y(NO)显著升高,而最大荧光Fm,Fv/Fm,NPQ及调节性能量耗散Y(NPQ)显著降低。说明随PSⅡ反应中心原初光能转化效率降低,反应中心受到损伤失活,电子传递严重受阻,无法将过剩的光能以热的形式耗散,光损伤情况加重,光保护能力下降。综上,Fv/Fm,Y(NPQ)及Y(NO)或许可以作为指示五味子在休眠前期机体光合结构受到损伤的标准。 相似文献
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北京地区典型砖木结构农宅抗震加固性能研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
根据北京地区农村住宅调研结果,选取最典型的砖木(前檐砖柱支撑)结构,进行了加固前后的振动台试验。针对北京地区农村住宅砖木结构(砖柱支撑)未加固模型的振动台试验结果,提出了抗震加固措施,包括：加设钢筋混凝土窗框,增大前纵墙的抗侧刚度;采用水泥砂浆面层加固两面山墙、砖柱和窗下墙,提高墙体的承载和变形能力;加设钢圈梁,提高结构的整体牢固性。分析了模型加固前后振动台试验的损伤情况、频率和阻尼、加速度动力系数、位移和滞回曲线等结构动力特性参数。上述加固措施显著提高了此类砖木结构农宅的抗震能力,加固模型达到了“小震不坏、中震可修、大震不倒”的抗震设防目标。 相似文献
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一、影响轮胎使用寿命的几个因素
1．负荷与内压。充气轮胎的负荷能力，决定于轮胎内腔容积、内压和胎体强度，当轮胎在超负荷或低于标准内压条件下使用时，会大大增加胎体所受应力而变形，使轮胎与地面间的机械摩擦和胎体的内摩擦加剧，导致胎面的异常磨损，胎体的疲劳损伤、机械损伤和热损伤； 相似文献
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In With one-storey, two-span prestressed frames, a comparative study is done between under vertical and horizontal loads. The studies include the pattern of the plastic hinges occurring and, the demanded and available rotational capability of the hinges in critical sections. The relative height of compression zone and prestressed degree are considered. The result indicates that there is much difference in the pattern of the plastic hinge occurring when each plastic hinge has enough rotational capability. The beams can finish a full redistribution of internal force under vertical loads, but not under horizontal loads. Moreover, as increasing of the relative height of compression zone, a stronger rotational capability of hinges will be demanded to finish a full redistribution under vertical loads when a weaker rotational capacity will be needed under horizontal loads. 相似文献
12.
通过对核心区应用X形配筋增强的高强钢筋异形柱边节点和同等条件下未被增强的高强钢筋异形柱边节点进行拟静力试验研究,对比分析异形柱边节点的破坏特征、滞回曲线、承载能力、位移及延性、刚度退化、耗能能力等抗震性能指标。研究结果表明,配置HRB500高强钢筋异形柱边节点比配置600 MPa级的边节点承载能低,但滞回性能好,变形能力强,刚度退化推迟,耗能能力强;在核心区加入X形配筋,均可以改善高强钢筋异形柱边节点的破坏特征,使边节点抗剪能力、变形能力、耗能能力增强,刚度退化推迟,提高异形柱边节点抗震性能,配置HRB500高强钢筋的试件核心区应用X形配筋加强后抗震性能提高效果更好。 相似文献
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In order to investigate the seismic behavior of partially-restrained steel plate shear wall (Steel Plate Shear Wall, SPSW), the effects of partially-restrained connection on the hysteretic behavior, lateral bearing capacity, stiffness, energy dissipation of SPSW with strong and weak steel frame were simulated under low cyclic loading via equivalent strip model that had been verified by experiment. The results show that hysteretic behavior of SPSW has dual characters. The hysteretic curves of SPSW with strong surrounding steel frame become fat, and the hysteretic curves of SPSW with weak surrounding steel frame become narrow. With the increase of the bending capacity of PR connection, the hysteretic curves of SPSW become fat gradually, and the capacity of energy dissipation and lateral bearing increase. However, the effect on lateral stiffness of PR connection of SPSW with strong steel frame is higher than the one with weak steel frame. 相似文献
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In order to solve the structural damage identification problem of transmission tower, a two-step identification method based on change rate and dissipation rate of modal strain energy is proposed. The damage location is identified by the change rate of modal strain energy method. Then, the modal strain energy dissipation rate theory is analyzed further by using the element stiffness matrix after injury. As a result, a more accurate damage quantification equation method is introduced. This method requires only several modals of vibration. The numerical simulation results show that this two-step method can find the damage location and damage degree of transmission towers effectively. 相似文献
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By the hysteretic experiments and the finite element analysis of the proof-of-concept connections, the mechanical properties and energy dissipation capacity of the new steel beam-to-column connections are investigated. These connections are semi-rigid ones improved by adding threaded rods into the angle connections and can be designed to limit the structural damage only to the angles and threaded rods. It is found, by the comparative analysis of six connections tested with the same loading sequence, that the performance degradation of the connections may be resulted from the plastic damage, crack propagation of the angles and the buckling and fatigue crack of the rods. The rotation capacity and failure modes of the connections with threaded rods depend on the ability of anti-fatigue crack of the rods, and the better ductility the rods have, the better energy dissipation capacity the connections have. In addition, the hysteretic behavior and the deformation modes of the connections prior to the significant strength degradation or the fracture of the rods could be well simulated by the finite element method. Meanwhile, the stiffening effect from pre-stressing the angles, the plastic distribution of the angles and the degradation induced by the rod buckling were strongly verified by the FEA. Finally, the advantages and disadvantages of such new beam-to-column dissipative connections were analyzed, and the proposal for further connection improvement and in-depth study was made. 相似文献
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The Quasi static tests of one steel frame and two the composite deep beams infilled steel frames were carried out. The effects of the deep beams on the load capacity, ductility, hysteretic property and energy dissipation of pure steel structure were analyzed. It is found that the hysteresis curve is a straight line with the constant of the stiffness at the beginning and without residual deformation. And the hysteresis curve of specimen was full after yielding, and the skeleton curves had a clear plastic flow phase with triple linear. The lateral drifts of the beam specimens at failure were 1/25 and 1/22. The composite deep beams enhance the initial stiffness, yield load and maximum load bearing capacity of steel frame. Therefore, seismic performance of the composite deep beams is better. 相似文献
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A finite element model based on the flexibility method and a fiber section model of nonlinear beam column elements was adopted within the OpenSees framework. A typical multistory reinforced concrete 3D frame designed in accordance with the Chinese building code and a representative plane frame parallel to the X axis were used as examples. The relationships of the responses obtained from the plane and 3D models were studied by comparing global and local seismic responses of the frame, and by taking the responses of the 3D model under unidirectional earthquake action as a medium for comparison. Because the results show the global responses of the plane model are similar to those of the 3D model, it is reasonable to replace the 3D model with the plane model when examining global seismic responses. The local responses are evidently different. For the plane model under unidirectional action, numerous plastic hinges develop at the beam ends. Many more plastic hinges at column ends exist than in beams for the 3D model under bi directional action. Column ductility demands obviously exceed those of beams. The frame tends to develop a column sway mechanism, implying that simplified plane analysis model significantly underestimates the seismic responses of the 3D frame column. 相似文献
19.
HDPF加固钢筋混凝土柱抗震性能试验研究 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
为了研究高延性聚酯纤维加固钢筋混凝土柱的抗震性能,共进行了7根柱的低周反复试验,其中,3根在未加固状态下进行试验,4根柱粘贴高延性聚酯纤维加固后进行试验,针对位移延性系数、等效粘滞阻尼系数、总耗能、承载力和纤维带的应变进行了研究与分析。研究结果表明：未加固柱的承载力、耗能能力和延性都比较低,采用高延性聚酯纤维加固后的试件裂缝发展缓慢,加固后柱的承载能力、耗能能力、延性均有不同程度地提高;在塑性铰区域内增加局部配筋,能够提高纤维布的约束效果。 相似文献
20.
Rotary hinges are temporary joints connecting arch ribs with the abutments of rigid frame arch bridges during the vertically downward rotating construction process.We probed the mechanical properties of a rotary hinge.Its stress distribution was simulated in contact FEM during the vertically downward rotating construction of a rigid frame arch bridge.The results show that nearly the entire structure of the rotary hinge is in a low-stress state with only a minor area in a high-stress state.By strengthening some local structures,rotary hinge construction security could be satisfied by its mechanical properties during vertically downward rotating construction. 相似文献