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1.
对3种不同自燃倾向性煤样进行低温氧化实验,利用CO体积分数与煤体温度间变化的计算模型,求解出活化能和煤氧化过程发生转变的特征温度,同时结合热重-差示扫描量热（TG-DSC,theremogravimetric analysis-differential scanning calorimetry）实验结果,分析了不同自燃性煤氧化特性和活化能的低温表征规律。结果表明：1）低温氧化阶段,CO生成量、耗氧量和耗氧速率随着煤自燃倾向性增强而增大;不同煤样在实验过程中出现同样的CO生成量和耗氧速率急剧上升的温度拐点,且煤的自燃性越强,该拐点温度越低,同时CO体积分数的变化具有明显的阶段性。2）不同自燃性煤氧化阶段活化能变化规律存在显著差异,当各煤样的温度到达活性温度时,活化能快速减少,且活化能变化点对应于煤氧化过程发生转变的特征温度点。3）根据煤特征温度和活化能的变化规律,把煤低温氧化进程分为4个阶段,分别为表面氧化、氧化自热、加速氧化和深度氧化。  相似文献   

2.
为研究多因素对不同热工分区办公建筑总负荷指标的综合影响,在分析了单一因素对建筑总负荷指标影响规律的基础上,采用层次分析法对分别位于哈尔滨、兰州、重庆、广州的办公建筑负荷指标进行了评价。得到了窗户传热系数Kw、玻璃遮阳系数Sc、窗墙比R在不同热工分区办公建筑总负荷指标影响因素中的权重值,并对此进行了一致性检验。结果表明：对于严寒地区的哈尔滨和寒冷地区的兰州节能建筑,各因素重要程度为R > Kw > Sc;对于夏热冬冷地区的重庆和夏热冬暖地区的广州节能建筑,各因素重要程度为Sc > R > Kw。在建筑结构优化设计中应根据各热工分区负荷影响因素的比重不同进行优先控制相应因素。  相似文献   

3.
人工环境实验室对温度的控制精度低于工艺性环境要求,但冬季若采用分体式空调制热模式控制,实验室温度的波动范围过大,影响采集实验数据的准确性。提出冬季采用空调制冷模式联合电取暖器稳定人工环境实验室内温度的新方法,在背景实验中将新方法和传统空调制热温度控制方法进行对比,结果表明：采用新方法能大幅度提高人工环境实验房间温度的稳定性。为对新方法中空调的设定制冷温度与电取暖器功率匹配问题做进一步研究而进行探究试验,实验结果表明：空调制冷量Q1、测试房间热负荷Q2、电取暖器功率Q3和测试房间其他设备功率Q4存在匹配关系,当空调设定温度相同时,|Q1+Q2-Q3-Q4|值越小,人工环境实验室内温度波动频率越稳定,振幅越小。  相似文献   

4.
通过对医院信息化投入、医院运营管理对医疗效益的影响规律进行分析,根据重庆市某三级甲等医院在2009-2015年间的信息化投入、医院运营管理2个方面与医疗毛收入的数据资料,通过Pearson相关分析得到医疗毛收入与11个影响指标均相关（P<0.05）,通过熵值法,选择指标权重值大于0.08的指标有医院全年财务信息化投入x1、医院全年门诊量x4、医院全年入院患者人数x6、医院全年手术量x7以及医院初级职称人数x10,其权重分别为0.190、0.086、0.085、0.084、0.084。建立多因素回归分析的数学模型,得到了指标x1、x4、x6、x7、x10与医疗毛收入拟合函数,可决系数分别为0.948 8、0.927 1、0.994 1、0.993 0、0.948 1,医疗毛收入的回归方程的可决系数为0.996 3,因此,本研究通过熵值法得到的影响医疗毛收入的5个指标,并建立得到的回归方程可应用于医院信息化投入决策的制定,为医疗卫生管理提供新的依据。  相似文献   

5.
王坚  赵开军  乔枫  杨生龙 《作物学报》2012,38(4):632-638
利用OsGA20ox2基因序列构建不同长度的RNAi片段并导入水稻，获得不同高度的矮化植株。将这些矮化植株与野生型植株回交获得B1F2群体，卡方检测表明B1F2群体矮秆植株数和高秆植株数符合3∶1比例，表现为矮秆显性的遗传规律。对矮化植株的F5和B1F2群体株高、各茎节间长度和一些主要农艺性状方差分析显示, OsGA20ox2基因的RNAi能显著缩短株高和各节间长度(P<0.05)，RNAi干扰片段越长，使植株株高和节间长度缩短程度越大，可使株高降低24~42 cm，矮化22%~39%。在同一长度的RNAi干扰片段下，倒一节节间长度平均缩短与倒二节节间长度平均缩短非常相近，倒三节和倒四节节间长度平均缩短非常相近，总的缩短程度是倒四节>倒三节>倒二节>倒一节。这种近基部节间长度缩短幅度和比例较大的特点，利于提高水稻的抗倒伏能力，同时上部节间缩短幅度和比例较小，有效地保持合理株高，不使生物产量明显降低，有利于水稻的稳产和高产。OsGA20ox2基因的RNAi不影响如千粒重、结实率、穗长等其他主要农艺性状或影响很小。  相似文献   

6.
传统边坡可靠度分析往往在岩土参数服从线性Mohr-Coulomb（简称线性M-C）破坏准则的假设条件下进行,并且常常采用极限平衡法或有限元法计算安全系数。然而,岩土介质破坏准则具有一定的非线性。为能更加实际地描述岩土破坏机理和得到严格精确的解,基于非线性Mohr-Coulomb（简称非线性M-C）破坏准则,结合极限分析上限法和蒙特卡洛法,进行边坡可靠度上限分析。当非线性参数m=1时,与等效的线性M-C破坏准则进行对比计算,验证了方法的可行性。同时,将初始粘聚力、内摩擦角arctan（c0/σt）和非线性参数作为随机变量且服从截断正态分布,进行了参数变异性和敏感性影响分析。研究表明：非线性M-C破坏准则下,边坡可靠度随初始粘聚力、内摩擦角arctan（c0/σt）和非线性参数变异性的增大而减小;边坡可靠度随初始粘聚力和内摩擦角arctan（c0/σt）的增大而增大,随非线性参数的增大而减小。  相似文献   

7.
基于CuFe2O4纳米粒子能显著增强Luminol-EDTA体系的发光,首次建立了Luminol-EDTA-CuFe2O4 NPs化学发光新体系。紫外吸收光谱和化学发光光谱表明纳米CuFe2O4注入Luminol-EDTA体系后,未生成新发光物质,结合纳米CuFe2O4的特性,提出了CuFe2O4 NPs参与Luminol-EDTA体系可能的发光机理。研究发现芦丁能抑制Luminol-EDTA-CuFe2O4 NPs体系的化学发光,结合流动注射技术,将此化学发光体系应用于芦丁片中芦丁含量的测定。在优化实验条件下,芦丁浓度在2×10-8~2×10-5 mol/L范围内芦丁浓度的对数和相对化学发光值呈线性,芦丁浓度检出限（LOD）为1.21×10-9 mol/L。将本方法应用于芦丁片中的芦丁含量测定,回收率为97%~102%,RSD为2.54%（c=1×10-7mol/L,n=11）。  相似文献   

8.
不同种植方式对超级稻籽粒灌浆特性的影响   总被引：10，自引：1，他引：9  
为探明不同种植方式下高产水稻的籽粒灌浆特性,以超级稻品种淮稻9号和III优98为材料,应用Richards方程W=A/(1+Be–Kt)1/N对旱育中苗壮秧精量手栽、小苗机插、直播3种种植方式水稻强、弱势粒的灌浆过程进行了比较研究。结果表明,(1)不同种植方式下,超级稻产量差异极显著,手栽最高,机插次之,直播最低。与手栽和机插相比,直播的千粒重和结实率显著降低,而手栽和机插之间千粒重和结实率的变化因品种类型而异。(2)不同种植方式下超级稻强、弱势粒灌浆特征为明显的异步灌浆型。强势粒达到最大灌浆速率的时间(Tmax)早,最大灌浆速率(GRmax)、平均灌浆速率(GRmean)以及终极生长量(A)和起始生长势(R0)均明显大于弱势粒,而活跃灌浆期(D)和有效灌浆时间(T99)明显小于弱势粒。(3)与手栽和机插相比,直播强势粒的GRmax和GRmean显著降低,Tmax明显延迟,D、T99显著增加。弱势粒的GRmax和GRmean机插最大,手栽略小于直播,Tmax直播最早,机插次之,手栽最迟,D、T99手栽、机插、直播依次减少。(4)籽粒灌浆阶段特征方面,平均灌浆速率和贡献率均以中期最大,中期的贡献率强势粒和弱势粒分别达到60.53%和50.78%,不同种植方式间前、中、后各期在灌浆持续天数、平均灌浆速率和贡献率上的差异因粒位不同而异。(5)千粒重与强、弱势粒的GRmax、GRmean和D呈正相关,且与弱势粒的灌浆速率(GRmax和GRmean)显著相关,结实率与强、弱势粒的灌浆参数除强势粒的D外,均不显著相关。说明不同种植方式对超级稻的籽粒灌浆特性有明显影响,虽均为异步灌浆型,但其强、弱势粒的最大灌浆速率及到达最大灌浆速率的时间等灌浆特征参数均差异较大,在保持籽粒最终生长量和结实率稳定的条件下,提高籽粒的灌浆速率,特别是弱势粒的灌浆速率,对提高千粒重有重要的作用。  相似文献   

9.
土体的沉积作用和应力历史会影响土体自重应力的确定,也会影响地基最终沉降量的确定。鉴于e-lnp比e-lgp坐标图能更方便、精确地描述线性问题,根据e-lnp坐标图推导沉积作用对成层土、正常固结土、超固结土的自重应力与沉降影响的计算式。用该计算式对昆明滇池国际会展中心部分深厚软土地基的自重应力和最终沉降量进行计算,并用计算结果和不考虑沉积作用及应力历史影响的计算结果进行对比分析,结果表明,沉积作用对深厚软粘土自重应力和最终沉降量计算值的影响非常显著,并且土体厚度越厚、上覆荷载越大,其影响越明显。  相似文献   

10.
高光谱数据与棉花叶绿素含量和叶绿素密度的相关分析   总被引：9，自引：5，他引：4  
 通过获取棉花不同品种、不同种植密度单叶和冠层关键生育时期的反射光谱,与其相应的单叶叶绿素含量（CHL.C,下同）和冠层叶绿素密度（CH.D,下同）进行多元统计的逐步相关分析。结果表明,棉花冠层CH.D在其反射光谱762 nm波段处的相关系数达最大值（RCH.D=0.8134**,n=94）;对于一阶微分光谱,单叶CHL.C和冠层CH.D的敏感波段均发生在750 nm波段处,基于750 nm波段的微分数值,建立了棉花CHL.C和CH.D线性相关模型(RCHL.C=0.7382**,RMSE=0.1831,n=66;RCH.D =0.9027**,RMSE=0.3078,n=94）,为利用高光谱遥感技术精确提取反映棉花生长状况的叶绿素信息提供了依据。  相似文献   

11.
Summary The inheritance of resistance to coffee berry disease (CBD) has been studied by applying a preselection test to F2 progenies of a half diallel cross between 11 coffee varieties with different degrees of resistance and to sets of parental, F1, F2, B11 and B12 generations of crosses between resistant and susceptible varieties. True resistance to CBD appears to be controlled by major genes on three different loci. The highly resistant variety Rume Sudan carries the dominant R- and the recessive K-genes. The non-allelic interaction between these two genes is of a duplicate nature. The R-locus has multiple alleles with R 1R1alleles present in Rume Sudan and the somewhat less effective R 2R2alleles in a variety like Pretoria, which also has the K-gene. The moderately resistant variety K7 carries only the recessive K-gene. The arabica-like variety Hibrido de Timor (a natural interspecific arabica x robusta hybrid) carries one gene for CBD resistance on the T-locus with intermediate gene action. It probably inherited this gene from its robusta parent. There is circumstantial evidence that the resistance to CBD is of a stable nature, but it is advisable to accumulate in one genotype as many resistance genes as possible by combining in the breeding programme the resistance of Rume Sudan with that of Hibrido de Timor.  相似文献   

12.
According to the volatile combustion, the mathematical and physical models on the volatilization combustion of coal field fire area are established. The governing equations are analyzed by analytic method. The parameters such as volatilization combustion speed, the content of volatile component and the flame temperature are obtained at relatively high temperature environment. According to the solutions, the flame temperature of the volatilization combustion is calculated by the heat insulation temperature in the light of the low-heat value of the volatile component. Due to the free or forced convection in the actual fire area, the true temperature would be lower than the calculation. Through experiment, heating process takes the greatest impact on the heating surface but least on inner parts. The temperature is increased and the heating surface temperature will exceed the temperature and continue increasing, which indicates that the coal begins oxidation. While the airflow is increased, the temperature will be slightly increased. The temperature is descent more slightly in the coal temperature because of thermal radiation.  相似文献   

13.
Based on inevitability analysis of Tuyere coal and Raceway coke combustion numerical simulation, this paper retrospects previous study and summarizes two phase turbulent flow numerical model of pulverized coal and air, pyrogenation and radiation transmit-heat numerical model of pulverized coal volatile ash, combustion energy equation of coke grain. The authors put forward a new idea of boundary condition using CCD technique.  相似文献   

14.
N. L. Innes 《Euphytica》1964,13(1):33-43
F2 families from a diallel set of crosses involving Sakel (Gossypium barbadense) strains homozygous for each of the B genes, B 1 to B 7, were screened for resistance to leaf infection by Xanthomonas malvacearum. B 2B6 was the most resistant, with B 1B4, B2B4, B3B6 and B 4B6 slightly less effective than B 2B6. Other gene combinations exhibiting additivity, but conferring intermediate resistance only, were B 1B3, B2B3, B3B4, B3B5, B4B5, B4B7, B5B6, and B 5B7. B 1 and B 4 were each transferred to the Upland variety Wilds Sus 16/1. The synthesis of normal homozygous B 1 Wilds revealed that the gene d b, one of two duplicate genes causing dwarfing, was not present in Wilds Sus 16/1. B 7 when transferred to Wilds Sus 16/1 and to Acala 4–42, both susceptible Uplands, was much more effective in the latter variety, emphasising the importance of genetical background on the expression of major genes for bacterial blight resistance.Empire Cotton Growing Corporation  相似文献   

15.
四川盆地小麦籽粒的灌浆特性   总被引：8，自引：0，他引：8  
四川盆地小麦灌浆期长,粒重优势明显,但易受环境影响。2010-2011和2011-2012年连续2个小麦生长季,选用10个品种在3个地点进行灌浆特性研究,以揭示该区域小麦灌浆参数的基因型差异及环境效应。2年平均粒重48.25 g,灌浆分为渐增期(T1)、快增期(T2)和缓增期(T3) 3个阶段,各阶段持续时间为T3 (16.30 d)>T1 (13.41 d)>T2 (12.98 d),其灌浆速率分别为0.618、0.772和2.205 mg grain-1 d-1。3个阶段的干物质积累贡献率依次为21.21% (T1)、58.27% (T2)和20.53% (T3),可见快增期结束时可以积累80%左右的干物质量。基因型、地点和年份对除粒重以外的所有灌浆参数均有显著影响,以年份的效应最大。同一年中,粒重、最大灌浆速率、平均灌浆速率、缓增期灌浆速率、渐增期灌浆速率和快增期灌浆速率主要受基因型的影响,而其他参数则以地点效应大于基因型效应。粒重与平均灌浆速率、最大灌浆速率、快增期灌浆速率和缓增期灌浆速率呈极显著正相关。10个参试品种中,川麦42、川育23和川麦56具开花期早、灌浆速率高、灌浆时间长、粒重大等特征。  相似文献   

16.
The temperature rise rate in oxidation process of gangue and coal specimen from Jingang Coal Mine has been investigated and the sulphur configuration in various kinds of gangue has been quantitatively analyzed to explore their spontaneous combustion mechanism. It is proved that the content of FeS 2 is very high in gangue of Jingang coal mine. A great deal of heat is released with the oxidation of FeS 2 in pyrites, the accumulation of heat results in gangue spontaneous combustion when the temperature reaches a certain degree.  相似文献   

17.
This paper aims to clarify the genetic mechanism that is responsible for the accumulation of cannabigerol (CBG) in certain phenotypes of Cannabis sativa L. CBG is the direct precursor of the cannabinoids CBD, THC and CBC. Plants strongly predominant in CBG have been found in different fibre hemp accessions. Inbred offspring derived from one such individual were crossed with true breeding THC predominant- and CBD predominant plants, respectively. The segregations in the cross progenies indicate that CBG accumulation is due to the homozygous presence of a minimally functional allele, tentatively called B0, at the single locus B that normally controls the conversion of CBG into THC (allele BT) and/or CBD (allele BD). The fact that CBG accumulating plants have so far been found in European fibre hemp populations that are generally composed of BD/BD plants, and the observation that the here investigated B0 allele possesses a residual ability to convert small amounts of CBG into CBD, make it plausible that this B0 is a mutation of normally functional BD. Therefore, B0 is considered as a member of the BD allelic series encoding a CBD synthase isoform with greatly weakened substrate affinity and/or catalytic capacity.  相似文献   

18.
C. Mastenbroek 《Euphytica》1953,2(3):197-206
Summary Progenies of crosses of the following genetical types were inoculated with and selected for immunity from the races 1, 2, 4 and 2, 3, 4 of Phytophthora infestans, viz. (dominant symbols only) R1×R3, R1R3×r, R1R3×1, R1R3×R1, R3×R1R2, R3×R1R3, r×R1R3, R1R3×R1R2, R1R3×R1R2 and R1R3S.P. (spontaneously pollinated). One R3×R1R3 progeny, two R1R3×R1R3 progenies and six (out of ten) S.P. progenies segregated with a larger or smaller deficit of immune seedlings as was expected according to the hypotheses that were postulated before and which appeared to be in agreement with the observed segregations in the other progenies. There are insufficient data of unquestionable reliability to explain the deviating segregations with certation, linkage or irregular chromosomal behaviour; cytological investigations were not performed.  相似文献   

19.
The perennial grass giant reed (Arundo donax L.) has been proposed as a promising biomass energy crop in southern Europe. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of two fertilisation levels (F = 200–80–200 N–P–K kg ha?1; UF = 0–0–0 N–P–K kg ha?1) and two harvest times (A: autumn, W: winter) on the biomass quality of giant reed as a solid fuel for combustion. Different aged crops grown in central Italy (latitude 43°40′N, and longitude10°19′E) in the period of 1996–2005 were collected and analysed. Our results confirmed that giant reed biomass is characterized by a high content of ash and silicon. Giant reed showed an increase in ash content from F to UF and from A to W. The production of biomass from fertilised crops harvested in the autumn may thus be a good method for reducing the ash content by about 20%. The results also showed an improvement in biomass combustion quality in 10-year-old crops due to a lower ash content and higher SiO2/K2O and CaO/K2O ratios, which could contribute to a lower slagging tendency. This research should help to improve our knowledge of the chemical composition of giant reed and presents possible agronomic strategies to combine a high biomass yield with good combustion quality.  相似文献   

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