共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 203 毫秒
1.
对31个烤梨及其鲜梨品种的13项品质指标进行测定,分析其品质指标变化,并对各项品质指标进行相关性分析,通过主成分分析筛选核心指标,采用频数分布对核心指标进行分级,运用层次分析法确定品质评价指标权重以及评分标准,最后采用K类中心聚类分析和判别建立烤梨品质判别函数。结果表明,不同烤梨及其鲜梨各品种间品质指标离散程度有差异;相关性分析得出除果肉L*值外,其他指标间存在不同程度的相关性;通过主成分分析筛选出8项指标为烤梨品质评价核心指标;综合考虑8项指标对烤梨品质的影响程度并进行分级,通过层次分析法确定8项指标的权重系数,由此建立烤梨评分标准;确定烤梨品质判别函数。不同烤梨品种品质可用8项指标进行综合评价,其中以雪青烤梨品质为优,鸭梨、雪花梨、佛见喜等13个品种烤梨品质为良,均可作为烤梨的优选品种。 相似文献
2.
为了探究新疆不同春小麦品种的品质特性,建立可靠的小麦品质评价体系,为新疆春小麦品质综合表现较为突出的品种的推广、选育及大规模的品质评价奠定基础。以9个新春系列小麦品种为试验材料,对其品质相关的14个指标进行测定,运用相关性分析、主成分分析和聚类分析方法对其品质进行分析和综合评价。结果表明利用相关性分析,14个单项测定指标之间存在或大或小的相关性,从而导致它们所提供的信息发生部分重叠;进一步通过主成分分析将14个单项指标转化为5个相互独立的综合指标,5个主成分的累计方差贡献率达94.46%,涵盖了原始测定指标所携带的绝大部分信息;通过隶属函数分析结合权重系数,得到不同小麦品质的综合评价值（D值）;最后,通过聚类分析将9个小麦品种按品质优劣划分为3种类型,其中品质一般的1个品种,品质良好的4个品种,品质优的4个品种。‘新春37号’、‘新春41号’和‘新春38号’品质综合表现较为突出,可为新疆优质春小麦品种选育提供参考依据。 相似文献
3.
为有效评价不同中强筋小麦品种面粉加工品质的差异,以 72 份中强筋小麦品种为研究对象,对 10 个小麦面粉加工品质性状进行考察,利用变异系数分析、相关性分析、主成分分析、聚类分析对供试材料面粉加工品质进行综合评价并对其分类。结果表明,在 10 个品质性状指标中,容重的变异系数最小（1.64%）,稳定时间的变异系数最大（50.17%）;各品质性状间呈现不同程度的相关性,蛋白质含量与湿面筋含量相关性最强（0.94）。通过主成分分析将 10 个品质性状划分为 3 个主成分因子,累计贡献率达 83.16%,可代表中强筋小麦 10 个品质性状指标的大部分信息;第 1 主成分可概括为蛋白质质量因子,第 2 主成分为高容重、低弱化度因子,第 3 主成分为吸水率因子。聚类分析将 72 份小麦品种分为三大类群,类群Ⅰ表现为高稳定时间特征,聚集了 37 个小麦品种;类群Ⅱ聚集了综合品质表现较差的 28 个小麦品种,整体表现为低吸水率、低沉降值、低稳定时间、低形成时间的特征;类群Ⅲ聚集小麦品种最少,共 7 个品种,其湿面筋含量、吸水率、稳定时间表现适中。 相似文献
4.
甜玉米的蒸煮品质品尝鉴评是评价食味品质的重要环节。了解普通消费者评价甜玉米食味品质的标准及偏好性可以使育种家在改良甜玉米品质和培育优质品种时更有针对性。以17份甜玉米种质为试验材料,在专业鉴评的基础上,请95名普通消费者进行了品尝鉴评,并对获得的评价数据进行调查。普通消费者的评价结果总体上和专业鉴评结果相一致;与好吃程度相关性最高的是风味和甜度,相关系数均在0.950以上;女性普通消费者中果皮厚度与好吃程度的相关系数高达0.930以上,显著高于男性的0.892,而女性消费者中好吃程度与光泽度的相关系数则只有0.501,明显低于男性的0.666。上述结果表明,与普通消费者整体喜好度相关性最高的是风味和甜度;女性消费者对果皮厚度的重视程度高于男性,而男性消费者对光泽度的重视程度高于女性。这些初步调查结果可为育种家们开展更有针对性的甜玉米食味品质改良提供参考依据。 相似文献
5.
利用双螺杆挤压机挤压加工米粉,研究操作参数对米粉理化品质的影响。结果表明,原料含水量、机筒温度、螺杆转速和喂料速度等4个操作参数对米粉糊化度、色差和感官评价3个目标参数均具有显著的影响。随着原料含水量增加,糊化度先升高后降低,色差△E降低,含水量为40%时品质最好;随着机筒温度增加,糊化度升高,色差△E增大,机筒温度为100℃时品质最好;随着螺杆转速增加,糊化度、色差△E增大,螺杆转速为120 r/min时品质最好;随着喂料速度增加,糊化度、感官评价和色差△E先减小后增加,喂料速度为6 r/min时品质最好,12 r/min时品质最差。 相似文献
6.
为了解烟丝气流干燥过程中工艺参数的变化对烟丝糖苷类致香成分的影响,采用同时蒸馏萃取和GC/MS法分析了烟丝中的糖苷类致香成分,并进行了感官品质评吸。结果表明:①糖苷类致香成分总量与超级回潮机出口烟丝含水率及干燥机混合风温度呈负相关性;②改变气体流量,对糖苷类致香成分总量没有显著影响;③卷烟感官品质香气项得分随着糖苷类致香成分总量的增大而提高。因此,在实际生产中,可有针对性地调节气流干燥过程中的工艺参数,尽可能多地保留烟丝中的糖苷类致香成分,优化卷烟香气品质的设计要求。 相似文献
7.
针芽形名优绿茶滚筒杀青工艺研究优化 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
为了研究针芽形名优绿茶的滚筒杀青工艺对其感官品质及品质成分的影响,并优化提出最佳滚筒杀青工艺参数,以针芽形名优绿茶的外形、香气、滋味的感官审评结果为依据,多指标评价优化滚筒杀青工艺参数,并考察滚筒杀青时间、温度、投叶量对针芽形茶主要品质成分的影响。结果显示：多指标评价优化的针芽形名优绿茶最佳滚筒杀青工艺参数,即温度270℃、时间90 s、投叶量125 kg/h;杀青温度对氨基酸总量、咖啡碱含量具有显著影响,对茶多酚含量具有极显著影响;杀青时间对水浸出物、茶多酚、氨基酸含量具有显著影响;投叶量对咖啡碱含量具有显著影响。 相似文献
8.
9.
以香菇基因组数据为基础,对其细胞核基因组的密码子偏好性及偏好性形成因素进行分析。香菇细胞核编码基因的GC含量为48.66%,同义密码子第3位中碱基T（T3s）的出现频率最高（36.07%）,同时高表达基因的GC、GC3以及GC3s含量均显著高于基因组水平;相关性分析结果显示基因表达与序列C3s含量、GC3、GC3s、GC含量、C含量以及CAI呈显著正相关;香菇基因组编码序列中共29个高频密码子,结合转录组筛选高表达和低表达基因的基础上鉴定出16个最优密码子;偏好性形成影响因素分析表明,香菇基因组密码子偏好性形成受中性突变和选择压力影响。本研究可以为采后香菇关键基因功能解析,开展香菇采后品质劣变机制研究提供参考。 相似文献
10.
11.
HE Yan song ZHAO Qin XU Zhong ming YANG Zhen dong ZHANG Yuan yuan b 《保鲜与加工》2009,(3):283-287
Noise samples of motorcycles at different engine speeds taken at the position of the ear of a motorcycle operator are selected as the evaluation stimuli to investigate sound preferences of motorcycle sound quality. Subjective testing is carried out via the paired comparison method. Precise calculation of the misjudging rate is adopted to ensure test result reliability. Formulae between subjective preference scores and psychoacoustic parameters are obtained through linear correlation and multi dimensional regression analysis. The results indicate that loudness and roughness are two predominant metrics influencing preference evaluation for motorcycle noise, and the nonlinear equation better describes the dependence of subjective preference scores on psychoacoustic parameters than the linear one. 相似文献
12.
Jung-Sun Baek Ei Ei Cho Deog-Bae Lee Nam-Jin Chung 《Journal of Crop Science and Biotechnology》2018,21(2):155-163
This study was carried out to develop an evaluation method to predict rice seedling establishment (SE) under low-temperature conditions. Two Korean-bred japonica cultivars, Shindongjin and Hopum were used in the experiment. Fresh seeds were treated with an accelerated aging (AA) at 40°C and 100% RH for 1-15 days. The SEs of the fresh and AA seeds were evaluated in nursery beds at 17°C, and their correlation coefficients with seed vigor values measured by 9 test methods including standard germination test (SGT), cool germination test (CLT), cold germination test (CDT), seedling growth rate test (SGRT), ascorbate peroxidase (APX), peroxidase (POX), superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and α ‐amylase (AMY) activities. The percentage of SE decreased slowly from 75 to 0% with an increasing of AA period from 0 to 15 days. The result of nine vigor tests showed different correlations with the SE. SGT, CLT, SGRT, and POX were significantly correlated with the SE. In the correlation analysis with only short-term aging seeds (1-7 days), the SE was very highly correlated with SGT, CLT, CDT, SGRT, POX, and CAT. These results suggest that seed vigor values measured by several methods including SGT and POX could be used as a reference value to secure SE at low temperatures in nursery bed rice seedling culture. 相似文献
13.
Car interior noise induced by windshield wiper system is tested for four different types of cars under high and low wiping speeds,and sound samples for subjective annoyance study are prepared. Grouped pair-wise comparison is adopted for the subjective evaluation test. The characteristic of subjective values and relation of four psychoacoustic parameters to the subjective annoyance are analyzed in two wiping speeds and various wiping patterns. The results indicate that the annoyance caused by wiper noise at high speed is higher than that at low speed,and downwards wiping noise is more annoying than upwards wiping noise. The work concluded that the subjective annoyance of noise from wiper system could be described by binaural loudness and fluctuation. 相似文献
14.
花生单株生产力与主要农艺性状间的相关性研究 总被引：5，自引：1，他引：5
为了解各主要农艺性状对花生单株生产力影响的主次关系,利用来源于5个国家的126份花生栽培种资源为试验材料,通过表型相关性分析和灰色关联度分析相结合的方法,探讨了12个农艺性状与单株生产力之间的密切程度。结果表明：单株总果数和单株饱果数对花生单株生产力的影响最大,其次为结果枝数和百仁重;而主茎高、侧枝长、出仁率和公斤果数对其影响较小。单株总果数、单株饱果数、结果枝数与单株生产力的表型、遗传型和环境相关系数大小基本一致,而出仁率与单株生产力之间的环境相关系数为0.185,显著小于表型(0.521)和遗传型(0.650)相关系数;且从单个性状的广义遗传率来看,单株总果数、单株饱果数和结果枝数的广义遗传率均小于50%,百仁重的广义遗传率为88.8%。综上所述,在选育高产花生新品种的过程中,首先应注重大籽品系的选育,其次考虑单株果数和结果枝数多的品系。且通过单株果数和结果枝数性状来选育高产花生新品种时,需考虑环境因素对产量的影响。 相似文献
15.
Dilip R. Panthee Joanne A. Labate Margaret T. McGrath Andrew P. Breksa III Larry D. Robertson 《Euphytica》2013,193(2):169-182
Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) is the second most highly consumed vegetable in the world after potato. Traits including physicochemical (lycopene, total titratable acid (TTA), total soluble solids (TSS) and vitamin C), morphological (fruit shape and size) and colors contribute to the overall fruit quality of tomato. The primary objective of the present study was to evaluate vintage tomato varieties representing a wide genetic background for fruit quality including physicochemical, morphological and color traits in multiple environments and to analyze consistency of their performances across locations. In order to achieve this objective, we acquired 44 vintage tomato varieties and evaluated them in five environments (NC, NY, OH in 2009, and NC and OH in 2010). Analysis of the data revealed that there was a significant (p < 0.01) difference among genotypes and environments for all quality traits, Genotype × Environment interaction was significant (p < 0.01) for all quality traits except for TSS. Broad-sense heritability of physicochemical traits ranged from 5.8 % (lycopene) to 35.7 % (TTA) whereas that for morphological traits ranged from 8.1 % (proximal eccentricity) to 97.3 % (fruit shape index external 1), and color from 69.0 % (a*-value) to 99.3 % (b*-value). Pearson’s correlation analysis indicated that estimated lycopene content was negatively correlated with the other physicochemical traits whereas vitamin C, TSS and TTA were positively correlated with each other. Principal component analysis (PCA) based on phenotypic data identified five components explaining at least 82 % of the total variation. Cluster analysis based on phenotypic data revealed the clusters of vintage tomato varieties were not distinct whereas single nucleotide polymorphism data revealed three distinct populations. This information including heritability and correlation coefficients from the present study may be useful to tomato breeding programs to choose germplasm, improve the response to selection and simultaneously improve multiple traits for tomato fruit quality. 相似文献
16.
研究旨在探索黄瓜集约化穴盘商品成苗质量快速检测方法,为商品苗成苗形成定性标准及苗期病害的及早隔离防治提供参考。试验抽样采集70份北京、河北和山东地区集约化育苗场生产的黄瓜穴盘商品苗样品,对株高、茎粗、干/鲜质量和壮苗指数等生理指标进行系统检测,同时对严重影响黄瓜种苗生产交易的霜霉病带菌情况进行PCR检测。结果表明,北京地区采集的55株样品平均壮苗指数0.078,霜霉病检出率34.55%;河北地区采集的10份样品平均壮苗指数0.079,霜霉病检出率80.00%;山东地区采集的5份样品平均壮苗指数0.101,霜霉病检出率20.00%。另外,研究发现黄瓜商品苗根干重与壮苗指数相关性高达0.995且呈显著正相关,可以作为快速评价黄瓜穴盘商品苗形态生理质量的可靠依据;同时,PCR技术可以作为早期评价黄瓜穴盘商品苗健康质量的重要手段。本研究可为快速精准评价黄瓜种苗质量和进行质量控制提供科学依据,亦可为其他蔬菜种苗质量评价提供科学参考。 相似文献
17.
A. Lichter T. Kaplunov Y. Zutahy A. Daus V. Alchanatis V. Ostrovsky S. Lurie 《Postharvest Biology and Technology》2011,59(1):25-33
Rachis browning of table grapes after harvest is a significant problem, and water loss is considered the primary factor in browning. The major rachis desiccation and browning occurs during marketing at ambient temperatures and relative humidity (RH) which create high water vapor pressure deficits (WVPD). In this study the effect of WVPD and its components on rachis browning were examined on the two white seedless cultivars ‘Superior’ and ‘Thompson’. The grape clusters were stored at 20 °C or at 10 °C with low (70%) or high (>95%) RH, thus creating 4 WVPD levels. At each WVPD the clusters were held in open punnets, punnets sealed with low density polyethylene film or microperforated polyethylene, and examed every 2 or 3 d for weight loss, berry firmness, rachis dry weight and subjective rachis index. In addition, the rachis were photographed and image analysis employed to identify the level of browning. The results show that image analysis gave very similar patterns to subjective evaluation of rachis browning with correlation coefficients up to 0.90. However, image analysis detected an increase in browning before subjective evaluation. There was poor overall correlation between cluster weight loss and rachis dry weight to browning for ‘Superior’ grapes but a good correlation for ‘Thompson’. Rachis of ‘Superior’ suffered extensive browning at 20 °C even at high RH while rachis of ‘Thompson’ remained relatively green under similar conditions. ‘Thompson’ grape rachis remained green during the entire examination period (11 d) when held at high RH in either 10 °C or 20 °C. At high WVPD, microperforated packaging offered better control of browning in ‘Superior’ grapes than closed packaging, while clusters of ‘Thompson’ retained green rachis after 4 d in open punnets, and after 7 d in covered punnets. In summary, detailed analysis of rachis browning shows that water loss is an important but not the only factor in browning. Quantitative and objective measurement of rachis browning is likely to facilitate better communication of experimental data and higher resolution of processes which lead to browning. 相似文献
18.
为解决当前烤烟质量分类费时费力且主观偶然性强的问题,采用高效液相指纹图谱技术,对来自多个省份的典型烟叶产区共14批B2F下限等级烟叶进行图谱信息采集,并基于14批烟叶图谱进行主成分提取、相关性分析和聚类分析。选取前5个主成分进行分析。相关性分析表明,钾和主成分值之间呈极显著相关。聚类分析表明,来自多个省份典型烟叶产区的烟叶可大致分为3类。其中第1类样品与第2类样品的钾含量差异明显;第2类样品中氯的含量明显高于第1、3类样品。试验结果表明,烟叶的HPLC指纹图谱可以作为烟叶质量控制的新方法,此方法可以提高烟草品质判别效率,降低人工评价的个体差异。 相似文献
19.
《Medicinal Plant》2014,(8)
[Objective] To determine the conten of mineral elements and analyze the characteristic elements in Gynostemma and evaluate its quality. [Methods] The content of 18 elements in Gynostemma samples of different producing areas were determined by the method of ICP-OES. The principal component analysis of SPSS was applied for the evaluation of characteristic elements in Gynostemma. [Results] The 18 mineral elements had good linear relationship. By principal components analysis,it concluded that four major factors could be used to evaluate the quality of Gynostemma. 12 mineral elements were the characteristic elements of Gynostemma. And according to the clustering results,the content of mineral elements in samples had correlation with their producing areas. [Conclusions]The method was accurate,reproducible and of high sensitivity,which could be used as the method for quantitative determination of mineral elements in Gynostemma. The clustering results indicated that 10 samples were clustered into 2 classes. 1,2,4,5,3,7 and 10 were clustered into a class and 6,9 and 8 were clustered into another class. 相似文献
20.
应用模糊综合评价研究了蛇床子素和多杀菌素两种生物农药拌粮防治储粮害虫的同时对玉米储藏品质的影响。在玉米储藏4个月、8个月和10个月时,分别构建稻谷储藏品质变化的模糊综合评价模型的指标矩阵,先用极差变换及线性比例变换对指标矩阵进行无量纲化处理,再用夹角余弦法确定权重向量,最后得到模糊综合评价值,并用拉依达检验法检验,确定了该评价模型的可行性。结果显示:综合评分值H和F均小于2s(2s相当于显著水平α=0.05),由此可以看出,各样品不显著,即拌以0.5 mg/kg、0.75 mg/kg、1.0mg/kg的1%蛇床子素粉剂和0.5mg/kg、1.0mg/kg、1.5mg/kg的0.5%多杀菌素粉剂的两种生物农药对玉米的储藏品质在10个月内没有显著影响,并且为粮食品质储藏研究工作提供了一个重要的认识工具。 相似文献