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溴氯海因对家蚕病原菌的杀灭效果试验初报 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
溴氯海因(bromochlorodimethylhydantoin)是一种新型消毒剂。体外抑菌试验结果表明,溴氯海因消毒液对家蚕病原细菌和真菌的抑制作用较强,最小抑菌浓度范围分别为0.15~0.3、0.1~0.3 mg/L,最低杀菌浓度范围分别为0.6~1.2、0.6~2.4 mg/L。生物学试验表明,当有效溴氯质量浓度分别为0.6、1.2 mg/L时,对家蚕病原细菌和病原真菌的杀灭效果均达到100%,并且该消毒剂对家蚕生长发育、茧质无不良影响。药效稳定性试验表明,溴氯海因粉剂存放12个月后,其有效溴氯质量浓度未发生改变,药效稳定性良好。 相似文献
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为研究规模化鸡场五种常用消毒剂(过氧乙酸、聚维酮碘、稀戊二醛、月卞三甲氯铵、烧碱)对金黄色葡萄球菌、大肠杆菌和沙门氏菌的消毒效果,采用倍比稀释法分别测定这五种消毒剂的最低抑菌浓度(MIC)和最低杀菌浓度(MBC)。结果显示:五种消毒剂中,月卞三甲氯铵对金黄色葡萄球菌和肠炎沙门氏菌的最低抑菌浓度最小,过氧乙酸对大肠杆菌的最低抑菌浓度最小;月卞三甲氯铵对金黄色葡萄球菌和肠炎沙门氏菌的最低杀菌浓度最小,过氧乙酸对大肠杆菌的最低杀菌浓度最小。试验表明,月卞三甲氯铵对金黄色葡萄球菌和肠炎沙门氏菌的杀菌作用最强,过氧乙酸对大肠杆菌的杀菌作用最强。 相似文献
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北京某公司新近推出一种可杀灭和防治多种细菌病毒的消毒机——QQ消毒机,QQ消毒机使用食盐为原料即可生产含氯消毒液。该产品生产出的含氯消毒液不但无毒、无副作用,而且易于降解,对环境不会产生二次污染,经北京市疾病预防控制中心检测证明,该产品生产的消毒液效果良好。QQ消毒机在养殖场的用途广泛,可用于畜禽饮水、禽畜舍、环境、器具等消毒。 QQ消毒机生产出的消毒液主要成分为次氯酸钠、活性氧原子等杀菌因子,众所周知次氯酸是一种强氧化剂,消毒效力强,真正高效、广谱,杀菌、杀病毒、杀真菌效果好。对于像季胺盐等消毒剂消毒芽胞… 相似文献
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《畜牧兽医科技信息》2016,(11)
正本类消毒剂包括单链季胺盐和双长链季胺盐两类,前者只能杀灭某些细菌繁殖体和亲脂病毒,属低效消毒剂;后者可杀灭多种微生物,包括细菌繁殖体,某些真菌和病毒。季胺盐类可与乙醇或异丙醇配成复方制剂,其杀菌效果明显增加。季胺盐类消毒剂的特点是对皮肤粘膜无刺激,毒性小,稳定性好,对消毒物品无损害等。1消毒药的有效成分十二烷基二甲基苄基氯化铵(1227)苯扎氯铵(洁尔灭),C22H40Cl N)分子量340 相似文献
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副猪嗜血杆菌病的诊断及其消毒剂筛选 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
剖检临床疑患副猪嗜血杆菌病病猪,取病料涂片镜检,分离培养及纯培养,然后用现制的副猪嗜血杆菌菌悬液进行不同消毒剂的消毒效果试验。通过对卫康、百毒杀、康唯消、优氯净和农福5种消毒剂的最小抑菌浓度、最小杀菌浓度的测定和悬液定量杀菌试验,显示卫康、百毒杀、康唯消、优氯净和农福的最小抑菌浓度分别是1∶2560、1∶640、1∶1280、1∶1280和1∶2560;卫康、农福的最小杀菌浓度和悬液定量杀菌率均为1∶2560和99.9%;因此认为以复合型消毒剂卫康和农福消毒效果最佳。 相似文献
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Comparison of the amounts of endotoxin released from Escherichia coli after exposure to antibiotics and ozone: an in vitro evaluation 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Shinozuka Y Uematsu K Takagi M Taura Y 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2008,70(4):419-422
Antibiotic therapy administered for treatment of gram-negative bacterial infections can exert a negative effect in the form of endotoxin shock. Therefore, a sterilization method that releases little endotoxin is required. This in vitro study aimed to compare the amounts of endotoxin released from Escherichia coli exposed to antibiotics (aminobenzylpenicillin, kanamycin, oxytetracycline, sulfadimethoxine and enrofloxacin) or ozone. The bacterial growth and amount of endotoxin released were measured at specific time points. Compared with antibiotic treatment, ozone sterilization induced release of smaller amounts of endotoxin from the bacteria. Moreover, no major differences were observed when ozone was used against the purified endotoxin. We conclude that compared with antibiotic treatment, ozone sterilization may release smaller amounts of endotoxin. 相似文献
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随机选择24头出生时间相近的健康杜×长×大外三元仔猪,分为2个组,每组3个重复;每个重复4头。分别在仔猪刚出生、3日龄及5日龄灌服10％灭菌脱脂奶（对照组）或含有屎肠球菌活菌（5×10。～6×10。CFU／mL）的10％脱脂奶重悬液（处理组）,每次2mL／头,仔猪25日龄断奶。记录哺乳期仔猪腹泻发生率。断奶当天屠宰仔猪,采集肠道内容物及黏膜样品,检测盲肠内容物主要菌群的数量、各肠段pH值和结肠内容物乳酸含量,用实时定量PCR检测空肠黏膜化学屏障相关基因的表达量。结果显示,屎肠球菌使仔猪盲肠的乳酸菌比率升高8．98％,致病性肠杆菌的数量和比例分别下降28．68％（P〈0．05）和13．01％,仔猪腹泻率也下降了43．21％,但不影响细菌总数和乳酸菌数量,也不影响肠道pH值、结肠乳酸含量以及空肠黏膜MUC2、pBD-1和PMAP-37mRNA的表达量,却显著下调LYSmRNA的表达。结果表明,口服屎肠球菌改善哺乳期仔猪肠道菌群组成,促进肠道健康,同时它对溶菌酶基因表达的抑制作用可能是维持乳猪肠道微生态稳定的重要因素之一。 相似文献
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Guangdou Qi Zhifei Pan Yuki Yamamoto Fetra Jules Andriamanohiarisoamanana Takaki Yamashiro Masahiro Iwasaki Ikko Ihara Suchon Tangtaweewipat Kazutaka Umetsu 《Animal Science Journal》2019,90(2):297-303
The introduction of biogas plants is a promising way to recycle organic wastes with renewable energy production and reducing greenhouse gas. Application of anaerobic digestate as a fertilizer reduces the consumption of chemical fertilizers. In this study, the survival of pathogenic bacteria and plant growth promoting bacteria (PGPB) in two full‐scale biogas plants operated at mesophilic condition were investigated. Feedstock and anaerobic digestate samples were collected from biogas plants and bacteria load in samples were detected using standard dilution plate method. Pathogenic bacteria were reduced to not detected level through mesophilic digestion tank except for Campylobacter. However, it could be reduced by 98.7% through a sterilization tank. Bacillus was detected at 8.00 and 7.81 log10 CFU/g dry matter in anaerobic digestates, and it was also resistant to sterilization tank. Bacillus spp. is considered to be the safe bacteria that hold remarkable abilities for promoting plant growth. The results showed that treatment at biogas plants is effective to reduce pathogenic bacteria in dairy manure, and sterilization could further reduce the sanitary risks of pathogenic bacteria relating to anaerobic digestate application. Anaerobic digestates could also be utilized as bio‐fertilizer as the high load of plant growth promoting bacteria. 相似文献
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为了解贵州省某舍饲鸭场环境中菌落分布情况以及市售五种常用消毒剂(苯扎溴铵、月苄三甲氯铵、复方戊二醛、戊二醛癸甲溴铵、聚维酮碘)的灭菌效果。通过采集鸭场空气、粪便、垫料、饮水样本进行菌落总数测定;分别配制最小杀菌浓度的苯扎溴铵、月卞三甲氯铵、复方戊二醛及戊二醛癸甲溴铵4种消毒剂,采用雾线、喷洒消毒方式对舍饲鸭场空气、漏缝地板、料槽、蛋框及运输车车轮进行现场消毒;配制最小杀菌浓度的聚维酮碘,采用涂抹方式对鸭蹼部皮肤进行涂抹消毒;最后分别测定鸭场空气、漏缝地板、料槽、蛋框、运输车车轮及鸭蹼样本消毒前后的菌落总数并计算5种消毒剂对细菌的杀菌率。结果显示：舍饲鸭场空气菌落总数为3.79×104 CFU/m3,超出NY/T 388-1999畜禽场环境质量标准规定数值(25000 CFU/m3);粪便菌落总数为2.67×107 CFU/g,超出GB18596-2001畜禽养殖业污染物排放标准规定数值(1.03×106CFU/g);垫料菌落总数为3.7×106CFU/g,超出NY/T1167-2006畜禽场环境质量及卫生控制规范规定的清洁土壤数值(5×104CFU/g);饮水菌落总数为12 CFU/mL,符合GB 5749-2006生活饮用水卫生标准(100CFU/mL)。5种消毒剂对鸭场进行现场消毒试验,复方戊二醛对漏缝地板、蛋框、运输车车轮的细菌杀菌率最高,分别为96.78%、81.31%、87.5%;戊二醛癸甲溴铵对鸭舍空气、料槽的细菌杀菌率最高,分别为34.85%、74.35%;聚维酮碘对鸭蹼部皮肤细菌杀菌率为72.45%;4种消毒剂对漏缝地板、料槽、蛋框、运输车车轮消毒效果良好,对空气的消毒效果不理想;聚维酮碘对鸭蹼部皮肤消毒效果不理想。结果表明：该舍饲鸭场存在大量超过国标菌落总数的安全隐患,通过对该鸭场微生物菌落计数及现场消杀试验,在一定程度将菌落总数控制在了合理范围。研究结果旨在为掌握舍饲鸭场微生物菌落分布情况,制定舍饲鸭场消毒程序以及科学防控养鸭场细菌性疾病提供参考依据。 相似文献
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OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the mechanical properties of 5 types of fishing material, 2 sterilization methods, and a commercially designed crimp-clamp system for the extra-articular repair of the canine stifle joint. STUDY DESIGN: Experimental study. SAMPLE POPULATION: Animals were not used in this study. METHODS: Two brands of monofilament nylon fishing line and 3 brands of monofilament nylon leader line were used to determine the effect of steam and ethylene oxide sterilization on strength and elongation of the material. A strand of 36-kg test monofilament nylon fishing material was wrapped around 2 rods or knotted to form a loop around 2 rods on a materials-testing machine. Ten trials of each brand of unsterilized, steam-sterilized, and ethylene oxide-sterilized fishing material were tested. A strand of each material was elongated to failure at a constant displacement of 1,000 mm/min to determine strength. A strand of each material was cycled 10 times to a load of 50 N to determine percent elongation. The brand of fishing material with the greatest strength and least elongation was crimped to form a loop around 2 rods on a materials-testing machine and tested as described above. ANOVA was used to determine the effect of sterilization method, brand of material, knot, wrap, and crimp on strength and elongation of the material, and a post-hoc t test was used when significant differences were found. A Student t test was used to compare fixation techniques (wrap, knot, and crimp). RESULTS: Sterilization by steam or ethylene oxide had no significant effect on the strength of the nylon fishing material. Steam sterilization resulted in significant increases (2- to 4-fold) in elongation of most nylon fishing material when compared with unsterilized material. Ethylene oxide sterilization had minimal effect on elongation of the fishing material. Mason leader line showed no significant change in strength or elongation regardless of sterilization method. Significantly less strength and significantly less elongation were demonstrated in Mason leader line that was crimped as compared with Mason leader line that was knotted. CONCLUSION: Ethlylene oxide was the preferred method of sterilization to preserve strength and minimize elongation of the fishing material. Of the materials tested, Mason leader line had the least elongation and the greatest preservation of strength when ethylene oxide was used as the sterilization method. Mason leader line and Sufix fishing line were comparable choices when steam was used as the sterilization method. Significantly less elongation was demonstrated in crimped Mason leader line as compared with knotted Mason leader line. CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Of the materials tested, Mason leader line and Sufix fishing line had the best mechanical properties for extracapsular stabilization of the canine stifle joint. Crimping is an attractive alternative to knotting and results in a reduction in elongation of the nylon fishing material. 相似文献
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牛床再生垫料生产技术模式和产业需求分析 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
《中国畜牧杂志》2017,(3)
牛床垫料是奶牛散栏饲养模式中不可或缺的生产资料,常见的垫料材料有沙子、秸秆、木屑等。近年来将固体牛粪加工成牛床再生垫料受到普遍关注并在生产中得到了较好的应用。该垫料是通过特定的处理设备,将奶牛的新鲜粪尿经固液分离、厌氧或好氧发酵加温杀菌后,形成的一种可用于铺垫卧床的牛粪固体产品。本文重点围绕牛粪资源垫料化利用的固液分离直接利用、厌氧发酵、好氧发酵等3种生产模式,比较了不同工艺处理后成品的物料特性,含水率、病原菌和寄生虫卵等参数指标,及其对奶牛舒适性、健康及饲养成本的影响,分析了牛床再生垫料生产过程的水分控制、杀菌消毒等关键技术环节,阐述了固体牛粪作为垫料需要解决的技术瓶颈及产业技术需求,并对未来的推广应用前景进行了展望。 相似文献
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陶瓷膜超滤技术应用于桑椹汁的澄清与除菌加工 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
陶瓷膜超滤果汁具有澄清效果好、口感纯正的优点。将陶瓷膜超滤技术应用于桑椹汁的加工,对加工桑椹汁的澄清度、除菌效果以及主要理化指标进行测定,并作感官评价。在膜孔径0.5μm、操作压力0.15 MPa的条件下,桑椹汁的透光率可达68.2%,色泽与风味良好,细菌及芽孢的去除率分别达95.5%、98.7%,0～4℃下冷藏3个月仍清澈透明、无异味。结果表明采用陶瓷膜超滤技术加工的桑椹汁在澄清、除菌效果以及低温贮藏的稳定性方面与传统加工方法相似,但口感有明显改善,因此该技术可应用于桑椹汁的加工。 相似文献
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探讨不同的灭菌条件,对实验动物配合颗粒饲料(鼠料)中营养成分的影响。采用不同时间的高压蒸汽(121℃、0.14 MPa)(蒸汽灭菌)和不同剂量的60 Co-γ射线照射(照射灭菌)对鼠料灭菌,依据国标做细菌培养,观察灭菌条件及效果,并对鼠料进行营养成分的测定。结果表明,20 min蒸汽灭菌和20.0 kGy剂量60 Co-γ射线照射时细菌培养为阴性;蒸汽灭菌比照射灭菌更容易造成营养成分的破坏,两种方法差异显著(P<0.05),且不同时间下水分、粗蛋白、粗脂肪、赖氨酸、蛋氨酸、胱氨酸、苏氨酸、异亮氨酸及维生素的损失都有显著差异(P<0.05),矿物质除铁外损失无显著差异(P>0.05);不同剂量照射下,各种营养成分的损失差异不显著(P>0.05)。鼠料消毒灭菌的适宜条件为20 min蒸汽灭菌或20.0 kGy照射灭菌;蒸汽灭菌对鼠料的营养成分影响较大,而照射灭菌则影响较小。 相似文献
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“杀菌灵”对家蚕细菌病的防治效果试验 总被引：3，自引：1，他引：2
高效、广谱家蚕细菌病防治新药剂“杀菌灵”可兼治由革兰氏阳性菌和阴性菌引起的家蚕细菌性败血病。 6 2 5 μg/mL的“杀菌灵”给药 6h可防治由黑胸败血病菌引起的黑胸败血病 ,2 5 0 μg/mL的“杀菌灵”在 3d内给药 2 4h +6h +6h ,可防治由黏质沙雷氏菌感染引起的灵菌败血病。“杀菌灵”对家蚕无明显毒副作用。农村养蚕试验也证明“杀菌灵”对家蚕细菌病具有较好的防治作用。 相似文献