共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 62 毫秒
1.
Víctor Hugo Durán Zuazo Carmen Rocío Rodríguez Pleguezuelo Baltasar Gálvez Ruiz Saray Gutiérrez Gordillo Iván Francisco García-Tejero 《International Journal of Fruit Science》2019,19(2):136-150
Mango (Mangifera indica L.) is one of the most important fruit crops in tropical and subtropical regions worldwide. On the coast of Granada and Malaga (SE Spain), irrigated subtropical fruit species have been introduced and cultivated on terraces with a considerable economic importance as the only European production region. The subtropical fruit production in this zone is possible with intensive irrigation on terraces, which are economically more profitable than traditional rainfed crops (almond and olive), which have been replaced or abandoned. A 2-year monitoring period was conducted using drainage lysimeters to determine the crop coefficients (Kc) and fruit yield in mango (Mangifera indica L. cv. Osteen) orchards. Also, some quality parameters such as titratable acidity, total soluble solids, and vitamin C were evaluated under these conditions. The averaged Kc values of mango trees varied within production cycle of 0.43, 0.67, and 0.63 at flowering, fruit set, and fruit growth, respectively. In this study, the fruit yield under full water requirements (100% ETC) averaged 24.1 kg tree?1, amounting to 21.2 kg ha?1 mm?1 in terms of water-use efficiency. The quality parameters of the mango fruits harvested in the study area were satisfactory. Thus, this study highlights the need to optimize the irrigation-water use according to actual mango requirements, thereby achieving more sustainable Mediterranean subtropical farming in orchard terraces. 相似文献
2.
Ripening of mango fruit is markedly delayed when the pressure in the storage chamber is reduced below 100 mm Hg, and fruit storage life is thus prolonged. The prolongation of storage life is inversely related to the pressure; control fruit stored at 760 mm Hg started to ripen after 16 days in storage at 13°C, while fruit stored at 100 and 75 mm Hg after 25 and 35 days, respectively. Fruit stored at 50 mm Hg remained unripe for 35 days. No effect on ripening was recorded at pressures above 250 mm Hg, while at pressures below 50 mm Hg the fruit desiccated. All fruits stored at subatmospheric pressure ripened 3–4 days after transfer to shelf life at 25°C. However, green mango fruits of the colored cultivars like ‘Haden’ and ‘Maya’, stored at subatmospheric pressure for a prolonged period, did not develop the proper red or orange color during shelf-life, but turned pale yellow instead. Treatment with ethylene upon removal from storage slightly improved color development in these fruits. 相似文献
3.
4.
Haithem E. Mohamed 《The Journal of Horticultural Science and Biotechnology》2013,88(4):568-573
SummaryThe effect of ethrel in aqueous solution and ethylene released from ethrel was evaluated on fruit ripening of ‘Kitchner’, ‘Dr Knight’ and ‘Abu-Samaka’ mango. Ripening was enhanced in all treated fruits of the three cultivars at all concentrations used. The ripening rate progressively increased with increase in concentration. Ethylene released from ethrel was more effective in triggering fruit ripening than dipping fruits in aqueous solution of ethrel. Depending on concentration and cultivar, ripening was 1–3.d faster in fruits dipped in 500 and 1000 ppm ethrel and 1–5.d earlier in fruits treated with 250, 500 and 1000 ppm ethylene released from ethrel, compared with untreated fruits. The effect on fruit ripening was indicated by enhanced climacteric peak, increased skin colour, increased total soluble solids and decreased flesh firmness. 相似文献
5.
Rafael Diaz-Sobac Laura Prez-Flores Jaime Vernon-Carter 《The Journal of Horticultural Science and Biotechnology》2013,88(1):126-128
SummaryThe potential effect of a hydrodispersion of maltodextrin, carboxylmethylcellulose, propylene glycol and sorbitan esters, on the reduction or prevention of spoilage caused by the fungus Colletotrichum gloeosporioides which produces anthracnose and by the fruit fly Anastrepha oblicua, was investigated as a coating for mango (Mangifera indica cv. Manila) fruit from commercial orchards in Jalcomulco, Veracruz, México. Coated and control mangoes were stored at 15 and 25?C and 85±5% r.h. Every 3 d, the coating was removed by washing with water, to determine the time necessary to minimize the damage caused by the anthracnose and the fruit fly larvae. In uncoated mangoes, larval growth and anthracnose manifestation occurred within 6 d at both storage temperatures. In coated mangoes, fruit fly larvae proliferation was avoided and anthracnose incidence was reduced. The results suggested that coatings should be remained for 9 d to avoid fruit fly larvae proliferating and minimize anthracnose incidence by 70%. Applying coatings may be part of a set of superficial treatments to guarantee the phytosanitary certification of tropical fruits such as mangoes. 相似文献
6.
杧果种质遗传多样性的RAPD分析 总被引：15，自引：2，他引：15
对杧果不同生态型、不同胚性、不同果形与果色的38份品种和1个近缘种—扁桃进行了RAPD分析,19个引物在39份种质中共扩增出223条带,其中多态性带为196条,多态性带的百分率为87.89%,表明品种间存在着广泛的遗传基础。利用UPGMA进行聚类分析,在相似性系数0.755的水平上将38个品种分成3组,该结果与传统上以胚型为依据进行品种类群划分比较吻合。发现了多个与胚性密切相关和1个与果皮颜色密切相关的RAPD标记,并就部分品种的系谱关系、胚性和果皮颜色的遗传进行了探讨。 相似文献
7.
Fruit weight is strongly correlated to ovary weight in olive as big-fruited cultivars have larger ovaries and flowers at bloom. We tested the hypothesis that larger ovaries imply stronger sinks and therefore reduce fruit set, expressed as number of fruits. Flower/fruit load per centimeter of shoot was assessed every month from flowering to harvest, on sample shoots of many different olive cultivars differing in fruit size. Data were taken for two years: 2007 and 2008. Additionally, in 2008, a fruit thinning experiment was carried out by leaving a single fruit per shoot, to assess the maximum potential fruit weight achievable by each cultivar. Results indicated that fruit size was mostly genetically determined as thinned fruits of small-fruited cultivars, although bigger than control fruits, never got as big as fruits from large-fruited cultivars, confirming that large ovaries are a prerequisite for large fruits. Among all cultivars, the number of flowers per inflorescence, the number of inflorescences, and the number of flowers per centimeter of shoot were not correlated to average flower weight while total flower mass per centimeter of shoot was positively correlated to average flower weight (i.e. large flowered/fruited cultivars had greater total flower mass). However, one month after bloom and thereafter, all parameters were negatively and exponentially correlated with fruit average weight across cultivars, except fruit mass per centimeter of shoot which was generally not correlated to fruit average weight, except in one year, at harvest, when fruit mass per centimeter of shoot was positively correlated to fruit average weight. These results suggest that fruit set is a consequence of, and inversely proportional to flower/fruit size in olive. 相似文献
8.
K. V. Ravishankar Lalitha Anand M. R. Dinesh 《The Journal of Horticultural Science and Biotechnology》2013,88(2):198-201
SummaryDNA-based RAPD (Random Amplification of Polymorphic DNA) markers have been used extensively to study genetic relationships in a number of fruit crops. A wide genetic diversity exists in the mango fruit in India. Present day commercial cultivars originated mainly from this subcontinent. In this study, 18 commercial mango cultivars, traditionally grown in western, southern, northern and eastern parts of India, were selected to assess genetic relatedness. Total genomic DNA was extracted and subjected to RAPD analysis using 30 arbitrary 10-mer primers. Of these, 27 primers amplified mango genomic DNA. None of these primers produced unique band pattern for each cultivar. RAPD data were used to calculate a squared Euclidean distance matrix, and based on this cluster analysis was done using a minimum variance algorithm. Cluster analysis clearly showed two groups—the first consisting of western, northern and eastern mango cultivars and the second group consisting of southern cultivars. From the analysis of results, it appears the majority of mango cultivars originated from a local mango genepool and were domesticated later. 相似文献
9.
10.
11.
Post-harvest micro-flora on major cultivars of Indian mangoes 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
S.N. Jha P. JaiswalK. Narsaiah R. BhardwajR. Sharma R. KumarA.L. Basediya 《Scientia Horticulturae》2010
This study examined the surface micro-flora on nine major mango varieties collected from nine states of India in three different harvesting stages (early, mid and late). Mango surface supported substantial microbial component, including various species of bacteria, filamentous fungi and yeasts. Total microbial population was in the range of 105–108 and was significantly different in different cultivars as well as harvesting stages. However, all the mango varieties invariably showed highest microbial population in third harvesting stage. Comparative microbial population of yeast, mold and bacteria showed significant variation in different mango varieties at the third harvesting stage except for Alphonso from Maharashtra and Karnataka. Microbial population on mango fruit surface was strongly influenced by climatic factor, stages of fruit development and varietal specificity. 相似文献
12.
杧果采前喷施茉莉酸甲酯对其抗病性和采后品质的影响 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
以‘台农1号’杧果（Mangifera indica L.‘Tainong 1’）为试材,研究了采前喷施茉莉酸甲酯（MeJA）处理对杧果抗病性和采后品质的影响及其相关机理。结果表明,与对照果实相比,50 μmol · L-1 MeJA采前处理显著降低了采收时的病果率和贮藏期的病情指数,抑制了接种炭疽病菌果实的病斑直径;有利于杧果贮藏品质的保持,提高了果肉中维生素C含量,延缓了可溶性糖含量的升高和可滴定酸含量的降低;同时,采前MeJA处理可以提高杧果果皮中苯丙氨酸解氨酶（PAL）、过氧化物酶（POD）、多酚氧化酶（PPO）和β–1,3–葡聚糖酶（GLU）等防御酶的活性,提高贮藏早期的过氧化氢（H2O2）水平,抑制贮藏后期H2O2和MDA含量的积累。这些结果表明,采前MeJA处理提高杧果抗病性和保持果实品质与激活杧果的防御系统及降低膜脂过氧化程度有关。 相似文献
13.
《International Journal of Fruit Science》2013,13(4):77-91
Abstract The optimum leaf number required for normal fruit growth in the regular bearing mango cultivar ‘Amrapali’ and the biennial bearing cultivars ‘Chausa’, ‘Dashehari’ and ‘Langra’ were studied by isolating individual fruits with known numbers of supporting leaves by shoot girdling at the time of fruit set. There were significant differences in the leaf area (249.01-1817.10 cm2), fresh weight (7.0-77.0 g) and dry weight (3.7-50.0 g) of leaves on shoots having 30, 20, 10 and 5 leaves as compared with control in different cultivars. In both types of cultivars, there was a progressive reduction in fruit size in terms of total fruit, pulp, peel, and seed weight with decreasing numbers of supporting leaves, however, a minimum reduction (2.4%) in fruit growth in ‘Amrapali’ was noticed with 30 supporting leaves. A nonsignificant difference in photosynthetic rate with varying number of leaves was found but its efficiency in leaves was higher in ‘Amrapali’ as compared with biennial bearing cultivars. Starch accumulation in the leaves was reduced by shoot girdling. The stomatal resistance of the leaves of girdled shoots was comparable with that of leaves on control shoots. In all the cultivars except ‘Amrapali’ it was observed that 30 leaves, the maximum retained on a shoot, could not support the growth of a single fruit to normal size. The data on rate of photosynthesis in different pool size of leaves and fruit growth in girdled and nongirdled shoots clearly show that fruit development depends not only on the current assimilates but also to a great extent on reserves. A 14CO2 feeding experiment showed a higher rate of carbon fixation in the leaves of girdled shoots than in the control shoots, but the translocation of 14C assimilated to the developing fruits on the girdled and control shoots was comparable. The results also indicated that developing fruits are major sinks for current photosynthates as more than 60 percent of the 14C exported from the treated leaf was found in the fruit in all instances. 相似文献
14.
《Scientia Horticulturae》2001,89(3):171-193
Postharvest heat disinfestation treatments have emerged over the past decade as viable non-chemical control methods for fruit flies in mango fruit around the world. The physiological responses of mango fruit both during and following a heat treatment determine the eventual eating quality of the fruit. This review describes the methods used to heat treat mango varieties for insect disinfestation. The physiological effects of heat treatments, particularly pretreatment conditioning and hot water treatments, on the fruit are covered in detail. 相似文献
15.
16.
W. Hugh Smith 《The Journal of Horticultural Science and Biotechnology》2013,88(3):284-291
SummarySeveral pollination studies carried out on different, self-incompatible almond cultivars and seedlings have shown the presence of variable levels of fruit set following self-pollination that could be attributed to partial self-incompatibility (PSI). PSI is an intermediate reproductive behaviour, described in some angiosperm species, which indicates that self-incompatibility is a quantitative and plastic trait. The present study was performed to substantiate the occurrence of PSI in almond by studying ten cultivars that are traditionally considered to be self-incompatible (four of which had previously shown fruit set after self-pollination). These cultivars were analysed by microscopic observations of the progression of pollen tubes through the pistil following controlled self-pollination, determinations of fruit set after bagging flower buds, and molecular identification of the parentage of the fruits obtained using consensus PCR-primers for Prunus S-RNase alleles. The results showed that, in nearly all cases, the pollen tubes did not enter the ovary and, from a total of 5,349 bagged flower buds, only 17 fruits were obtained. In all cases, PCR analysis of the plants obtained after germination of these seeds showed a band corresponding to an S-RNase allele not present in the maternal progenitor, clearly indicating that they could only have arisen from cross-pollination.Therefore, the low fruit set values observed in some of the cultivars studied were not due to a breakdown in the self-incompatibility response that confers PSI, but to very low rates of contamination with foreign pollen. These results corroborate the self-incompatibility phenotype of the cultivars studied here, and highlight the importance of ascertaining the identity of the parentage in any progeny obtained after bagging. 相似文献
17.
Amylase activity in developing mango fruits increased parallel to the increase in fruit weight. During ripening there was a decrease in starch content and an increase in the reducing and non-reducing sugars. The enzyme preparation which was extracted from acetone powders of mango fruit was inhibited by inhibitors of both α- and β-amylases, and mercapto-ethanol reversed the inhibition by p-hydroxymercuribenzoate. Polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis of the solubilized enzyme has shown only one main band of amylase activity and has indicated the presence of a proteinaceous amylase inhibitor in the fruit pulp. Changes taking place during development and ripening, as well as the nature of the amylolytic activity in mango fruits, are discussed. 相似文献
18.
H.C. Passam 《Scientia Horticulturae》1982,16(2):171-177
The fruit characteristics and storage potential of some local and introduced mango cultivars grown in Trinidad were compared. At ambient temperature (28–32°C), fruit could be stored satisfactorily for between 3 and 8 days, after which ripening rapidly occurred. At 14°C, storage life was increased to as much as 18 days (cultivar ‘Graham’). Enclosure of fruits individually in polythene bags increased storage life at either ambient or 14°C temperature, while treatment with 3% Sta-fresh wax increased storage at ambient but not at 14°C. In the case of ‘Doodooth’, which was highly susceptible to anthracnose, treatment of fruit with hot water (52 ± 2°C) containing 500 or 1000 mg l?4 benomyl for 5 min reduced the incidence of disease. Results are discussed in relation to the export potential of mangoes. 相似文献
19.
N. Krishnapillai R. S. Wilson Wijeratnam 《The Journal of Horticultural Science and Biotechnology》2017,92(2):206-213
Sap burn injury and postharvest diseases are major causes of mango fruit quality deterioration, resulting in considerable postharvest losses in many countries. Susceptibility of selected cultivars of mango in Sri Lanka to sap burn injury and the incidence of anthracnose and Aspergillus rot of mango were examined in this study. Volatile components of non-aqueous (oil) phase were investigated using GC-MS, and artificial inoculation studies were carried out to assess disease resistance with Colletotrichum queesnlandicum (KC 820802) and Aspergillus niger (KC 820801). It was observed that the popular ‘Karuthakolumban’ and ‘Willard’ mangoes with high sap flow at harvest and high sap burn incidence were more susceptible to sap burn injury compared with ‘Chembaddan’ and ‘Ambalavi’ mangoes. Cultivar variations in susceptibility to Aspergillus rot of mangoes are reported for the first time in this study, where ‘Willard’ mangoes were more resistant to Aspergillus rot than other cultivars. The sap exudates of ‘Ambalavi’ and ‘Karuthakolumban’ mangoes were observed to contain the preformed antifungal compounds 5-pentadecyl resorcinol and 5-(Heptadeca-8,11- dienyl) benzene1,3-diol, with variety ‘Ambalavi’ showing a high resorcinol level. These cultivars were found to be resistant to anthracnose disease. These results suggest that presence of sap volatiles is cultivar dependent and could be used to identify cultivars resistant to postharvest diseases and sap burn. 相似文献
20.
Prunus avium L. is one of the most important temperate zone fruits in the world. Most of the cherry cultivars always have difficulties of fertilization and fruit set due to self-incompatibility, so they need suitable and compatible pollinizers for commercial fruit production. In this experiment, pollination compatibility of cherry cultivars of ‘Napoleon’, ‘Burlat’, ‘Zhan’, and ‘Lambert’ was studied as both pollen recipients and donors. To determine the compatibility or incompatibility of pollinizers, percent of fruit set was calculated. This research was carried out as a factorial experiment in a randomized complete block design. The final average fruit set in studied cultivars was different under self or cross-pollination. The results showed that ‘Napoleon’, ‘Zhan’ and ‘Lambert’ cultivars are the suitable pollinizers for ‘Burlat’. Also, ‘Burlat’ is a cultivar which produced many fruits under self-pollination. Therefore, ‘Burlat’ can be used as monoculture for orchard establishment. Results showed that cultivar ‘Napoleon’ was cross-incompatible with ‘Lambert’. ‘Zhan’, ‘Napoleon’ and ‘Lambert’ cultivars are founded self-incompatible and require cross-pollinations to obtain fruits.
相似文献