共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 421 毫秒
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通过形态学观察和系统发育分析我国东北地区黑龙江省和辽宁省采集的块菌属(Tuber)标本。结果表明:该"黑块菌"在形态特征上与印度块菌(T.indicum)较为相近,在系统发育树上均位于印度块菌复合群所在的分支,但采自黑龙江省齐齐哈尔市和牡丹江市的样品分别位于不同的亚分支,辽宁省朝阳市的样品与齐齐哈尔地区的样品亲缘关系更近。结合宿主植物与地理位置等数据,本文将其定义为印度块菌的不同地理生态型。本研究是印度块菌在黑龙江省的首次发现,拓宽了对印度块菌资源分布范围的认识,对深入研究块菌属生物多样性与地理分布型及指导菌根合成、人工种植均具有较重要的科学意义。 相似文献
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《中国食用菌》2017,(4)
印度块菌(Tuber indicum Vittadini)、夏块菌(Tuber aestivum Vittadini)和白块菌(Tuber panzhihuanense DengWang)是经济价值较高的菌根食用菌。通过对印度块菌、夏块菌和白块菌与板栗(Castanea mollissima Blume)合成菌根苗的技术进行探讨,结果表明使用印度块菌、夏块菌和白块菌孢子液接种板栗树苗,10个月后均能形成大量外生菌根。菌根苗移栽后,接种夏块菌的板栗苗苗高最高,与接种白块菌和印度块菌的板栗苗相比高差异显著,但接种白块菌的板栗苗与接种印度块菌的板栗苗相比苗高差异不显著。接种夏块菌的板栗苗与接种白块菌板栗苗间地径差异不显著,二者与接种印度块菌的板栗苗间地径差异均显著。 相似文献
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欧洲块菌人工栽培技术研究 总被引：10，自引：2，他引：10
黑孢块菌、白块菌、勃良第块菌等是分布于西欧地区的著名美味食用菌。法国科学家最早开展了块菌人工驯化及其栽培技术研究，开创了菌根食用菌人工栽培的先河。这一技术在欧洲得到了推广，成为新兴产业；近年来，新西兰和澳大利亚等国也试验成功。本文对块菌菌根化苗生产及种植园经营技术进行综述。 相似文献
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印度块菌(Tuber indicum Vittadini)、夏块菌(T.aestivum Vittadin)i是经济价值较高的菌根食用菌。本文对印度块菌、夏块菌与化香树(Platycarya strobilacea Sieb.et Zucc).合成菌根苗的技术进行了研究,结果表明用印度块菌、夏块菌孢子液接种化香树苗后,第三个月发现已形成根尖淡乳色,基部淡黄色、黄褐色的外生菌根。外生菌根为单轴状、羽状和不规则分支状,单根菌根长300μm~4 000μm,直径为200μm~500μm;平坦或从菌根延伸出外延菌丝。印度块菌与化香树形成的外延菌丝为透明、半透明、絮状。夏块菌与化香树形成的外延菌丝为黄绿色、羊毛状。菌根老化后变暗褐或萎缩;两种块菌与化香树形成的菌根在显微镜下有明显的差别。 相似文献
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云南楚雄地区永仁县块菌生态的调查研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
本文对云南楚雄地区永仁县块菌的分布、生长条件、共生树种、块菌发生林的生态环境特征及菌根组织形态等内容进行调查研究，旨在为科学合理利用块菌自然资源和开展块菌的半人工栽培技术与途径提供理论基础。 相似文献
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印度块菌的生态考察及纯菌种分离 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
块菌在欧洲被称为“黑钻石”。印度块菌（见《中国食用菌》１１卷３期）。因独特持久的芳香,常被猪、野兔觅食。经试制的块菌酒,清香诱人,口感极佳,有开发价值。因菌窝常被破坏,孢子发芽率很低,导致产量极为稀少。为挽救这一珍稀资源,进行半人工栽培,势在必行。云... 相似文献
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我国块菌采收和贸易问题浅议 总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1
在对我国块菌产地块菌贸易中块菌质量作了调查和统计分析的基础上，结合我国块菌采收和贸易过程中存在的问题和国外黑孢块菌等采收的经验，提出了改进我国块菌产地资源保护和利用方式以及开展黑孢块菌等人工栽培的建议。 相似文献
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块菌资源多样性及其地理分布 总被引：8，自引：0，他引：8
块菌属真菌为地下真菌类的子囊菌 ,通常与林木根系具有共生关系。块菌又是重要的野生食用菌 ,其子囊果含有较高的营养成分 ,商业价值为世人所瞩目。块菌主要分布在北半球的西欧地区 ,全球描述的块菌属真菌在 6 0种以上 ,其中 ,黑孢块菌TubermelanosporumVit tad、白块菌TubermagnatumPico、夏块菌T .aestivumVit tad、勃良第块菌TuberuncinatumChatin等 ,均为重要的商业块菌。被誉为林中“黑钻石”的黑孢块菌 ,是其中价值较高的一种 ,为西欧许多国家最喜爱的食品之一 ;该菌最早发现于法国的P啨ｒｉｇｏｒｄ省 ,法国、意大利、西班牙为其主产区。我国自 80年代中期以来开展了块菌资源及生态学研究 ,先后发现二十多种块菌 ,其中 ,中国块菌T .sinenseK .TaoetLiu、太原块菌T .taiyuanseLiu、巨孢块菌T .gigantosporumY .Wang、刘氏块菌T .liuiA .S .Xu、西藏块菌T .xizangenseA .S .Xu等为块菌属新种。喜峰块菌TuberhimalayenseZhangetMinter、拟喜峰块菌Tu berpseudohimalayenseMorensetal.等 ,为我国特有的高山块菌 ,西南横断山区及喜马拉雅山系为其主要分布区。我国目前出口欧洲的块菌种类主要是西南出产的印度块菌 ,该菌子囊果与黑孢块菌极其相似。在综合国内外有关文献资料的基础上 ,本文分别列举了分 相似文献
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块菌资源多样性及其地理分布 总被引：10，自引：4，他引：6
2 我国主要块菌的形态比较印度块菌 (Ｔ .ｉｎｄｉｃｕｍ :该菌子囊果与黑孢块菌极为相似 ,一般不易区别 ,仅可通过显微镜对产孢组织 (ｇｌｅｂａ)及子囊孢子壁文饰 (ａｓｃｏｓｐｏｒｅｗａｌｌｏｒｎａｍｅｎｔａｔｉｏｎ)结构上的差异进行分别。印度块菌子囊孢子数目通常多 相似文献
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Research mapping is a method of organising research information as part of a process of formulating a research policy in a specific area. A research mapping project was undertaken in the UK, which aimed to map existing and future research into public and green space, to identify gaps in order to help set priorities for future research, and to develop a freely accessible and searchable database of this research. The mapping was structured around two axes. The first axis was of research themes based on The Value of Public Space but developed further and broken down into sub-themes. The second axis was a typology of green and public space based around Planning and Policy Guidance Note 17 (PPG17) with elaboration from Green Spaces, Better Places. Research dating back to 10 years was collected together with information on recently completed, ongoing and planned UK research. Only research meeting specific quality criteria was included. Some information was also collected at a seminar where attendees from a range of organisations were invited to offer their perspectives on where research priorities should be directed. All the material was analysed and the main trends were identified. Three key cross-cutting themes common to much of the research were identified. These are the general lack of baseline surveys against which to assess progress over time; methodological issues, especially the need to standardise data collection methods and techniques; the classification of social groups, currently considered to be too crude.It was found that most research has been undertaken on physical aspects, such as planning and on biodiversity. Economic values have also been a focus, but on a smaller scale. Social research is quite well covered but very patchy. Management is better covered than maintenance. By far the weakest area represented in the research is health and well-being, both in terms of social groups and types of green space. Priorities for further research were then identified. 相似文献
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为系统梳理生物炭对土壤微生物活动、群落等方面影响的研究进展和未来发展趋势，以2007-2020年Web of Science核心合集数据库中针对生物炭调控土壤微生物的文献为样本，采用文献计量学软件CiteSpace对文献的年发文量、研究力量和研究热点进行了可视化分析。从论文数量和质量来看，近年来以生物炭为主题对土壤微生物研究的发文数量呈现急剧增长趋势，发文数量最多的国家是中国和美国。文献排名TOP 10的科研机构有中国科学院、浙江大学和康奈尔大学等，作者分析显示科研团队之间存在深入的学术交流。基于关键词聚类分析和突现词分析，研究主题热点集中在不同材质、温度等条件制备的生物炭对土壤微生物群落结构、细菌和古菌的影响。该领域未来应更加注重生物炭改变土壤微生物的内在机理研究，提高生物炭和土壤微生物的联合作用关注度。 相似文献
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The Mediterranean region is facing many challenges, some of which can be addressed by nature-based solutions such as urban forests and green space. However, at best, urban forest research from Mediterranean countries has been only briefly addressed in review papers up to date. This Scopus-based review paper provides first insights into the development of urban forest research in the Mediterranean in the 20-year period from 1996 to 2015. The purpose of the review was to a) analyse distribution of urban forest research in the Mediterranean and identify countries that are forerunners based on the number of publications, b) to analyse distribution of research themes across the Mediterranean and per country, and hence point to research gaps and needs. Researchers from Italy, Turkey and Spain were the most productive in the analysed period. Research is mainly concentrated in the North, while it is scarce to non-existent in South and Eastern Mediterranean countries (excluding Turkey and Greece). Papers dealing with pollution, human health and sociocultural values were the most frequent. Some countries exhibited research specialisation with regard to certain themes. For instance Italian researchers mostly focused on topics related to pollution and urban forest management, the majority of Spanish papers addressed urban forests in the context of human health, while sociocultural values were the main research theme for researchers from Turkey. Papers were analysed also based on research methods, approaches and study locations. Suggested future research includes analysis of the quality of knowledge related to urban forests in the Mediterranean as well as of collaboration between researchers, research institutions and countries. 相似文献
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综述了栽培季节、栽培方式、遮阳网、LED灯、合理施肥等不同栽培措施对番茄风味品质影响的研究现状,其中栽培方式主要包括土壤栽培、水培和气雾栽培;肥料包括氮、磷、钾肥,微量元素肥,有机肥等。分析了不同栽培措施对番茄果实风味品质主要指标的影响,并讨论了未来的研究趋势。 相似文献