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富士苹果施钙肥效应 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
以8年生富士苹果(Malusdomesticacv.Fuji)为试材进行不同组合钙肥试验,结果表明,土施CaSO4肥显著提高了土壤总钙、交换性钙和果实钙含量,以3.5kg/株CaSO4处理效果最显著;将3.5kgCaSO4分为幼果期和膨大期2次使用增钙效果明显,分期施肥无论配合秋施有机肥还是春季喷氨基酸钙都极显著提高了果实钙含量,以S2+1.5AM处理(春施2kgCaSO4+喷3遍氨基酸钙+夏施1.5kgCaSO4+秋施5kg苹果专用有机肥)的钙含量最高,达到179.17mg/kg;秋施苹果专用有机肥明显提高果实钙含量,增加根系和枝条的贮藏钙,以10kg/株配合春施1kg/株CaSO4的效果较好。当有机肥施用量达到15kg/株或CaSO4超过3.5kg/株时增钙效果下降。交换性钙、土壤及果实Ca/Mg比值与果实钙含量呈正相关,土壤速效磷、钾、果实N/Ca比值与果实钙含量呈显著负相关。不同施肥处理果实的N/Ca比值和Ca/Mg比值差异显著,采收时富士果实N/Ca比值<17,Ca/Mg比值≥7,贮藏期间的苦痘病发生率较低。有利于富士苹果钙素营养的施肥组合是秋冬施有机肥加钙化肥、幼果期喷钙和果实膨大期土施钙肥。 相似文献
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对苹果树叶面喷钙保的效果进行试验.结果表明,喷施钙保可以显著减少果实苦痘病,提高果肉及果皮含钙量、果实可溶性固形物含量、硬度、耐贮性和产量.其增产提质效果优于喷施氨基酸钙肥. 相似文献
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以口感型番茄农博粉18109为试验材料,采用设施内土壤栽培方式,共设置A、B 2种试验,A为基肥增施不同类型钙肥试验,B为基肥增施不同类型钙肥+叶面肥试验,研究不同钙肥对番茄品质及脐腐病的影响。结果表明,与常规施肥相比,基肥增施过磷酸钙,番茄的可溶性固形物和可溶性糖含量分别增加和显著增加4.81%和8.87%;增施钙镁肥番茄的可溶性固形物、维生素C和可溶性糖含量分别显著增加8.20%、5.95%和8.49%。在配合喷施叶面肥（氨基酸钙）的情况下,与常规施肥相比,基肥增施硝酸钙,番茄果实的可溶性固形物含量显著提高9.23%;增施钙镁肥,番茄果实可溶性固形物、维生素C含量分别显著增加7.58%和7.70%,且裂果数显著降低了77.78%,未发现脐腐病果实,产量显著增加43.82%。此外,与常规施肥相比,基肥增施3种钙肥,显著提高了土壤中水溶性钾含量,配合补充叶面肥,土壤中水溶性钙的含量也分别显著提高131.75%、138.10%、146.03%。综上,选择最优处理B3作为口感型番茄生产中的施肥推荐量。 相似文献
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对于苹果苦痘病一般认为是因果实缺钙引起的生理病害,也有学者认为,果实中的氮过多,氮、钙比例失调是苦痘病发生的主要原因。另外,苹果苦痘病的发生与果实中的(K Mg)/Ca有关,当这一比值升高时,会加重苹果苦痘病的发生。为此,我们在1995年选取部分苦痘 相似文献
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苹果苦痘病与果实内矿质养分平衡状况的相关性分析 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
对大连瓦房店地区苹果苦痘病病害程度不同的红富士苹果果实进行了氮、磷、钾、钙、镁、铁、锰、铜、锌、硼、钼含量的测定。结果表明:苦痘病的病害程度与苹果果实内的含氮量呈极显著正相关关系,即苦痘病越严重,果实内的含氮量越高;苦痘病的病害程度与苹果果实内的氮/钙比呈极显著正相关关系,即果实内氮含量越高,钙含量越低,苦痘病越严重;病害程度与苹果果实内的钙/(钾+镁)比呈极显著负相关关系;病害程度与果实内的铜含量呈极显著正相关关系;病害程度与果实内的磷、钾含量无显著的相关关系。试验得出:苹果果实内氮含量过高,是导致苦痘病发生的重要因素。 相似文献
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为探明钙肥对红富士苹果光合作用及各营养元素之间的相互关系,以盛果期的矮化红富士为材料,在幼果期及果实膨大期喷不同种类的钙肥:翠康钙宝、钙宝2000、氨基酸钙、基因钙.结果表明:①钙肥可明显提高叶片的光合速率、蒸腾速率和气孔导度,降低胞间二氧化碳浓度;不同钙肥间,钙宝2000光合作用最强,其次为基因钙和氨基酸钙.②钙肥能提高各营养元素的含量,但易与各营养元素形成促进和拮抗的双重关系,即Ca促进了B、K的吸收,但与N、P、Zn、Fe发生拮抗,而对Mn的作用不明显.③试验中,以幼果期和膨大期均喷钙的效果最好,而不同钙肥间,基因钙和氨基酸钙的效果最好. 相似文献
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在大田条件下,研究了单施有机肥和有机肥配施化肥(混施)处理对苹果果品钙素吸收及土壤养分的影响。结果表明:单施有机肥土壤剖面硝态氮变化量不大,但可显著增加0~30 cm土层有机质含量,而混施可造成深层土壤硝态氮的累积,累积可达到120 cm土层。单施有机肥显著提高了果品钙素含量,与混施相比单施有机肥处理下SOD酶活性增加了21.82%,果实硝态氮含量降低了77.46%,说明当地有机肥的施用量基本维持了果园生态系统的碳、氮平衡,单施有机肥促进了果品钙素的吸收,对改善果实品质,促进果实硝态氮的转化,调节土壤硝酸盐含量变化有着很好的效果,而混施土壤硝态氮的累积可能在一定程度上抑制了苹果树对钙素的吸收。 相似文献
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以苹果M9T337矮化砧木幼苗为试材,设置对照(CK)、菌肥120 g+正常施肥(T1)、菌肥240 g+正常施肥(T2)、菌肥360 g+正常施肥(T3)4个处理。研究不同微生物菌肥施用量对苹果营养生长、土壤特性及植株养分吸收的影响,以期为提高苹果品质及可持续发展提供参考依据。结果表明:不同微生物菌肥施用量显著促进了苹果的营养生长和根系活力的提高,总生物量、总根长、根尖数、根表面积和根系活力分别较CK提高了35.2%、11.9%、59.4%、10.7%和65.1%,以T3处理效果最好。不同微生物菌肥施用量能够显著改善土壤的理化性状,增加土壤碱解氮、速效磷、速效钾和有机质含量,与对照相比分别提高了63.1%、47.2%、35.5%、72.3%。同时脲酶、磷酸酶及蔗糖酶的活性相对于CK分别提高了79.5%、50.8%、75.4%。植株全氮、全磷、全钾含量较CK分别提高了66.5%、78.2%和76.8%。表明微生物菌肥能够提高苹果M9T337幼苗的生长,在苹果的生长过程中起积极作用。 相似文献
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燕山板栗钙、镁、硼、锌施肥效果的研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
针对燕山板栗施肥不均衡、不合理现状,进行钙、镁、硼、锌营养元素施肥量试验。测定其产量及土壤与叶片养分含量,分析施肥量与上述指标的相关性。结果表明:在缺乏营养元素的板栗土壤上施用镁、硼、锌肥均有明显增产效果;各元素施肥经济合理推荐量为镁肥∶硼肥∶锌肥比例为1∶1∶1。 相似文献
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The chemical analyses of leaves of young apple trees on three clonal rootstocks with four different virus infections were compared. The trees were grown on plots that had received different N, P and K treatments for 40 years.The viruses reduced leaf-N most in the one-year-old trees, and the effect was greater than that of 63 units per acre of fertilizer-N. Interactions occurred between virus and rootstocks; the leaf-N of trees on MM. 111 was reduced more by the viruses than that of trees on the other rootstocks. The omission of fertilizer-N had little effect on the leaf-N in one-year-old trees, but as they aged the effect became significant.Fertilizer, virus and rootstock treatments all affected the levels of leaf-P. Virus effects were greatest on the leaf-P with rootstock MM. 104 and least with MM. 111, and leaf-P with MM. 104 was generally higher than that of trees on the other rootstocks. The omission of fertilizer-N increased leaf-P more than did the application of fertilizer-P.Rootstock and fertilizer treatments affected the level of leaf-K throughout the experiment, but virus effects were significant only in the two-year-old trees.Magnesium and calcium levels in the leaves were affected by fertilizer, root-stock and virus treatments. The presence of viruses usually reduced both magnesium and calcium, and trees on MM. 106 were generally higher in leaf-Mg and Ca than trees on the other rootstocks. The effects of the latent viruses on nutrition as indicated by leaf analysis were less than those shown on growth and flowering. 相似文献
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Effects of Time of Application of Inorganic Nitrogen Fertilizers on Apple Trees in a Grassed Orchard
Sulphate of ammonia, calcium nitrate or Nitrochalk was applied as a single annual dressing in October, December, February, April, June or August to Cox’s Orange Pippin apple trees on M.2 rootstock over a 14-year period, whilst control trees received no supplementary nitrogen.The treatments affected the soil physical and chemical conditions, sward composition, and leaf and fruit mineral composition but, despite these effects, there were no long-term differences in tree growth or cropping between the kinds of fertilizer used or their times of application.Nitrogen effects were progressive ; in the first four years there was a time X kind interaction on cropping; in the next five years only the time of application affected cropping and in the final five years neither time nor kind had differential effects on cropping, although N increased yield compared with the control. Growth was also increased by the N treatments but, again, only in the latter years of the experiment.Leaf N was highly correlated with rainfall during March to August. In all but the first two and the last of the 14 years, rainfall was above the long-term average for the site.February appeared to be the best month in which to apply sulphate of ammonia and calcium nitrate, and December for Nitrochalk application. 相似文献
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以不施有机肥、过量施用和适量施用有机肥为处理,研究了有机肥对矿质元素积累和分布的影响。结果表明:施用有机肥可以促进元素向地上部运输;有机肥施用过量以后,根系累计钙、镁、锂、钼有所增加,但是叶片中含量反而减少。所以有机肥有利于植物的生产,但不是越多越好。 相似文献
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追施不同氮肥对日光温室甜椒产量和品质的影响 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
以甜椒为材料,研究追施不同氮肥对甜椒产量和品质的影响。结果表明:在追施含氮量相同的不同氮肥条件下,各处理甜椒叶片的叶绿素含量和光合速率与普通土不追肥相比都有显著的提高,而不同氮肥处理间却没有显著差异;各追肥处理下的甜椒果实中VC、粗蛋白和总糖含量比不追肥都有明显的提高,各处理间互有高低差异不明显,追施硝酸钙处理下甜椒果实中硝酸盐含量明显的高于不追肥处理,而追施尿素和碳酸氢铵处理与不追肥相比还稍有下降;各追肥处理下甜椒产量较不追肥有显著的提高,处理间也无明显差别;尿素和碳酸氢铵的利用效益较好。 相似文献