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1.
莫利CMS是一种重要的细胞质雄性不育系统,在油菜杂种优势利用上具有重要应用价值,目前在印度的芥菜型油菜中得到广泛应用。为了将莫利CMS引入甘蓝型油菜,本研究通过甘蓝型油菜与芥菜型油菜莫利CMS材料进行杂交、多代回交自交获得莫利CMS的甘蓝型油菜材料。根据莫利不育胞质相关分子标记orf 108-O检测、花粉活力鉴定及自交结实情况进行选择,最终选出连续2代花粉活力低于3%且自交不结实的CGZ 909作为候选不育系材料;连续2代花粉活力大于90%且自交结实正常的CGZ 924、CGZ 925作为候选恢复系材料。候选恢复系材料给候选不育系材料授粉所得F1代自交结实正常,实现了莫利CMS在甘蓝型油菜中的三系配套。本研究为下一步基于莫利CMS的甘蓝型油菜杂种优势利用奠定了基础。  相似文献   

2.
PPR蛋白对植物的生长发育、逆境抗性以及育性具有重要的调节作用。本研究根据氨基酸序列的保守性,利用CODEHOP方法,通过简并引物扩增甘蓝型油菜基因组DNA,得到PPR基因片段。结合RACE技术,在甘蓝型油菜品系120中扩增得到了PPR基因cDNA的全长序列。分析发现该PPR基因编码一个含636个氨基酸的蛋白质,具有11个PPR基序,不含有内含子,具有典型的PPR基因特征,命名为BnPPR636。Blast比对发现,BnPPR636与白菜P2克隆的一个未知蛋白的氨基酸序列一致性最高,达到75%。RT-PCR分析表明,BnPPR636在花中的表达量最高,在根与角果中的表达量次之,叶和茎中较低。进化树分析表明,BnPPR636蛋白与其他植物中和CMS育性恢复有关的PPR蛋白序列的一致性较高。以基因组DNA为模板,利用染色体步移技术,得到了BnPPR636基因起始密码子上游1145bp的DNA片段。经生物信息学软件分析表明,该序列具有典型的启动子序列特征,并含有许多相关的顺式作用元件,可能参与调节花和根的发育。  相似文献   

3.
以甘蓝型油菜恢复系Q 16C和不育系2116A为亲本构建F2群体,根据BSA法的构建原则,使用F2群体分别构建了可育基因池与不育基因池。运用98对SSR引物对油菜亲本及基因池进行了多态性分析,结果表明,有1对引物(OS 31)能在亲本和基因池间表现出多态性,使用该引物继续对F2群体的230个单株进行分析,表明标记(OS 31)与恢复基因Rfp的遗传距离为0.08cM,可作为恢复系辅助育种的候选标记。  相似文献   

4.
为了获得甘蓝型油菜萝卜细胞质雄性不育(Cytoplasmic male sterility,CMS)高含油量双低品质恢复系,以Ougra-CMS不育胞质杂交种Oug-F1(S(Rfrf))为不育基因和恢复基因供体,高含油量双低亲本D89-44(N(rfrf)为受体,通过杂交、多代同交以及最后自交对恢复基因进行了定向转育...  相似文献   

5.
以春性恢复系与半冬性品种(系)杂交后选育的16份新春性恢复系及其4个亲本系[2个半冬性甘蓝型油菜品种(系)和2个春性甘蓝型恢复系]、2个春性甘蓝型不育系为材料, 利用SSR、SRAP和AFLP分子标记技术分析材料间的遗传差异, 同时利用以上2个春性不育系分别与12个新春性恢复系和1个春性亲本恢复系Ag-5进行NCII双列杂交, 测定其杂种优势及杂种表现。16份新恢复系中除931和帐23外, 其余的14份新恢复系与2个不育系的遗传距离均大于其春性亲本恢复系与相应不育系的遗传距离, 说明导入半冬性品种遗传成分能扩大春性恢复系与不育系间的遗传差异; 配制的26个杂交组合中, 其双亲中不育系所对应保持系单株产量为高亲值的组合有15个, 其中13个组合单株产量超亲优势都强于所对应不育系与亲本恢复系Ag-5所配杂交组合, 说明导入半冬性品种遗传成分可增强甘蓝型春油菜杂种优势; 12个新恢复系分别与2个不育系所配24个组合中18个组合的单株产量都分别超过所对应不育系与亲本恢复系Ag-5所配杂交组合, 说明导入半冬性品种遗传成分能提高甘蓝型春油菜杂种的产量; 新恢复系与2个不育系杂交后代的抗病性均强于其亲本恢复系与相应不育系杂交后代的抗病性, 说明导入半冬性品种遗传成分能提高春性甘蓝型油菜杂交种抗菌核病的能力。研究结果表明, 半冬性甘蓝型油菜品种可能为春油菜杂交育种提供有价值的遗传资源。  相似文献   

6.
大白菜CMS96细胞质雄性不育分子特性研究   总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6  
大白菜CMS96细胞质不育系是由大白菜株系与甘蓝型油菜细胞质不育源杂交、多代回交后获得的。该不育系生长势旺、不育性稳定,不育度和不育株率均为100%,蜜腺正常,在大白菜杂种一代生产中具有广阔的应用前景。为了定位大白菜CMS96细胞质不育所属的类型和获得其不育有关的特异序列,依据atp9、coxI、orf138和orf224保守序列设计4对引物,对3组11份大白菜材料线粒体DNA进行PCR扩增,每组材料内包含同核异质PolCMS、OguCMS、CMS96三种大白菜不育系和一种共用保持系。结果表明,atp9和coxI引物在所有材料中均有扩增产物,供试材料间没有差异;而orf138和orf224引物扩增产物存在差异。orf138引物仅在全部OguCMS和CMS96不育系中扩增出309bp特异带,而保持系和PolCMS不育系没有扩增产物;orf224引物仅在所有PolCMS中扩增出689bp特异带,而保持系、OguCMS和CMS96不育系没有扩增产物。同时,对保持系和不育系花组织mRNA进行RT-PCR分析,进一步验证了orf138和orf224引物扩增产物的特异性和一致性。同源性分析结果表明,利用orf138引物所获得的309bp大白菜mtDNA特异片段均与萝卜OguCMS、甘蓝型油菜OguCMS萝卜体细胞杂种所具有的Oguorf138高度同源,二者有172个核苷酸完全相同,有58个氨基酸完全相同;orf224引物所获得的689bp大白菜mtDNA特异片段与甘蓝型油菜的Polorf224高度同源,二者有677个核苷酸完全相同,有225个氨基酸完全相同,同源性均达到100%。初步认为大白菜OguCMS和CMS96不育系具有相似性,OguCMS萝卜所具有的orf138是导致二者不育的原因;Pol甘蓝型油菜所具有的Polorf224是导致大白菜PolCMS不育的原因。  相似文献   

7.
通过杂交和连续回交的手段对榨菜胞质甘蓝型油菜CMS“93-12 A”进行改良,得到了一份新的稳定双低不育系材料“758 A”;榨菜胞质CMS恢保关系鉴定表明“758 A”与PolCMS和陕2 A CMS具有不同的恢保关系,同时筛选到1份恢复材料,对其进行改良获得5份双单倍体恢复系材料;“758 A”与不同恢复系材料的杂交配组产量鉴定结果表明,部分组合具有较好的增产潜力,“758 A”具有较好的配合力.  相似文献   

8.
我国甘蓝型油菜细胞质雄性不育的类型主要有：ogura CMS、nap CMS、pol CMS、Shan 2A CMS、Hau CMS、NCa CMS、Nsa CMS和NEA CMS。pol CMS和Shan 2A CMS在我国油菜杂种优势利用中发挥着重要的作用。新型不育胞质的育成以及在育种上的应用,不仅丰富了细胞质雄性不育种质资源,而且为我国油菜产业可持续发展提供了保证。  相似文献   

9.
对甘蓝型油菜萝卜质不育系(Ogu CMS)13个恢复材料(1575R)进行Ogu CMS 恢复基因Rfo及其旁侧特异性标记分子水平鉴定,为鉴定有别于国外恢复系提供依据。用Rfo特异性分子标记、5个Rfo连锁的特异性分子标记、具有缩短的萝卜片段的芸薹属Ogura恢复系(SRF系)特异性标记对1575R的13个恢复材料进行检测,检测以甘蓝型油菜Ogu CMS的4个不育材料和4个保持材料为对照,检测结果与国外同类的恢复材料RRH1、R113、R2000、SRF系和NW1717做比较鉴定。1575R的13个恢复材料都含有Ogu CMS的恢复基因Rfo,而缺少了RRH1、R113、 R2000共有的标记BolJon。同时,1575R含有和NW1717相同的标记。由此初步鉴定出1575R可能和RRH1、R113、 R2000、SRF系是不同的,而和NW1717的同源性最近。  相似文献   

10.
结球甘蓝细胞质雄性不育(CMS)类型的分子鉴定   总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4  
本研究以高代回交转育获得的6个不育率和不育度均达100%且遗传稳定的结球甘蓝胞质雄性不育系为材料,通过对orf138与orf222基因的特异扩增发现,所鉴定的24个株系64个单株结球甘蓝CMS植株中59个单株既含有orf138基因,也有orf222基因.两种基因共存的结果暗示,该类CMS可能是ogura和nap两种类型的杂合体.进一步的序列分析结果表明,6个结球甘蓝CMS中所扩增获得的orf138基因与来自萝卜CMS的orf138基因序列完全相同;而除Bo134-2 CMS的orf222基因与甘蓝型油菜CMS orf222基因相比对有2个核苷酸差异外,其余5个CMS的orf222基因与甘蓝型油菜nap CMS orf222基因的相似性均为100%.其中,Bo134-2 CMS的orf222基因第191 bp的变异导致第64位氨基酸由精氨酸(R)突变成了赖氨酸(K).  相似文献   

11.
甘蓝型油菜双低萝卜质不育恢复系快速改良技术研究   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  
通过采取不同的常规育种策略和小孢子培养、分子标记辅助选择等现代生物技术,研究了提高甘蓝型油菜萝卜质不育恢复系改良效率的方法。结果表明,在甘蓝型油菜萝卜质不育恢复系杂交转育过程中,采用杂交后代与萝卜质不育系杂交,可使杂交后代分离群体中不具备恢复基因的单株在花期表现出来,无须测交即可进行选择;杂交后代通过小孢子培养,可将稳定纯合时间由传统自交8个世代缩短到3个世代;通过萝卜特异分子标记辅助选择可大大提高选择的精度,减少筛选所需的人力、土地和时间,选择效率提高90%。试验筛选出19个在萝卜质不育恢复系中能够扩增出单一、易于辨别的谱带的SCAR标记引物,其中10个引物在现有的甘蓝型油菜萝卜质不育恢复系中均能检测出特异标记。筛选出的甘蓝型油菜萝卜质不育恢复系的特异分子标记与前人研究存在差异,标记相似系数为48.28%~93.10%。通过分子标记无法区分高硫甙和低硫甙恢复系,选育低硫甙萝卜质不育恢复系还需要借助品质分析仪。成功筛选得到6个甘蓝型油菜低芥酸、低硫甙、抗寒、结角正常、农艺性状优良的萝卜质不育恢复系,为将甘蓝型油菜萝卜质不育杂种优势应用于我国油菜生产奠定了基础。  相似文献   

12.
[Objective] Locating the cotton cytoplasmic male sterility (CMS) restorer gene Rf1 is important for investigating restorer gene mechanisms and improving restorer lines. In our previous study, a gene cluster, with nine Pentatricopeptide repeat(PPR) genes and nine other genes, was found within the 160-kb Rf1 target region in Scaffold 333. The objective here was to improve the density of Rf1-linked markers in the target region and determine the expression profiles of candidate genes. [Method] Using the sequences of the 18 genes, we designed 155 single-strand conformation polymorphism (SSCP) primers covering all of the gene sequences to identify the polymorphic SSCP markers between the fertile and sterile pools. Additionally, real-time polymerase chain reaction(PCR) was performed to analyze the expression profiles of eight candidate genes in the four developmental stages of buds of sterile, maintainer and restoring lines, respectively. [Result] In total, 15 polymorphic primers were identified. A genotype analysis of the F2 population was conducted using the 15 primers and 3 other polymorphic simple sequence repeats (SSR) markers. The markers were distributed in a 4.8 cM range. In addition, owing to the influence of sterile cytoplasm or restorer genes, most of the genes showed different expression patterns in the four developmental stages of the three lines' buds. [Conclusion] SSCP markers tightly linked to Rf1 were identified and the expression profiles of candidate genes were determined. This study provides a basis for the further fine mapping of restorer genes and for candidate gene screening.  相似文献   

13.
Z. X. Fan    W. X. Lei    D. F. Hong    J. P. He    L. L. Wan    Z. H. Xu    P. W. Liu    G. S. Yang 《Plant Breeding》2007,126(3):297-301
Over the past decade, the polima cytoplasmic male sterility ( pol CMS) three-line and two-line systems have been developed for the production of hybrid seed in Brassica napus oilseed rape in China. The discovery of the novel pol CMS restorer line FL-204 is described here. It restores male fertility of hybrid plants in the pol CMS system, but hybrid seed production can only be carried out under autumn sowing in Wuhan in south China under moderate temperatures at flowering. The restorer cannot be used as a male for hybrid seed production in northwestern China (Gansu) under spring sowing conditions, because there it is more or less male sterile due to high temperatures at flowering. Because of this behaviour, it is referred to as a fertility temperature-sensitive restorer (FTSR) in this paper. F2, BC1 as well as double haploid populations were constructed to determine the inheritance of fertility restoration of FL-204 in the autumn at Wuhan and under spring sowing conditions at Gansu, respectively. Deviations from Mendelian genetics were observed. It was hypothesized that the change of fertility was the result of the interaction between nuclear genes [restoring gene ( Rf ) and temperature-sensitive genes ( ts )] and the cytoplasm. The Rf gene in FL-204 was incapable of restoring male fertility of pol CMS lines under spring sowing conditions at Gansu where it is inactivated by the recessive ts gene present in FL-204. However, the ts gene(s) could be non-functional under moderate temperature conditions at flowering at Wuhan which allows full expression of male fertility in FL-204. The recessive ts gene(s) can only be expressed in plants containing the pol sterile cytoplasm. A method for the utilization of the FTSR pol CMS restorer FL-204 for the production of hybrid seed in B. napus oilseed rape is proposed.  相似文献   

14.
甘蓝型油菜细胞质雄性不育恢复基因的遗传研究   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  
通过多年大量的筛选 ,在不同来源甘蓝型油菜中发现了一批恢复系 ,并利用筛选的恢复系中的恢复基因 ,转育出一批恢复性能良好、品质优良、配合力高的恢复系。对这些恢复系的遗传研究结果表明 ,这些不同来源的恢复基因为一对主效基因 ,但这些不同来源的恢复基因的等位性不同  相似文献   

15.
‘Polima’ cytoplasmic male sterility (CMS) was transferred from ‘Polima’ Brassica napus ‘ISN 706’to five different cultivars of Brassica campestris (‘Pusa kalyani’, ‘Pant toria’, ‘Candle’, ‘Tobin’ and ‘ATC 94211′) by repeated backcrossing. It was observed that, while ‘Polima’ CMS manifested complete and stable male sterility in the nuclear backgrounds of ‘Pusa kalyani’, ‘Pant toria’, and ‘Tobin’, the cultivars ‘Candle’ and ‘ATC 94211’possessed the restorer gene for this CMS in the heterozygous condition. An analysis of F1 and F2 generations of ‘Polima’‘Pusa kalyani’בCandle’ and ‘Polima’‘Pusa kalyani’בATC 94211’ revealed that restoration is controlled by a single dominant gene. Identification of stable maintainers and restorers of ‘Polima’ CMS could facilitate the development of hybrid varieties in B. campestris.  相似文献   

16.
水稻广亲和广谱型恢复系SWR78的选育   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  
利用野败（WA）型、红莲（HL）型、包台（BT型）3种细胞质的同核异质粳稻广亲和不育系苏秋A与19个籼、粳恢复系测交,筛选出对以上3种细胞质不育系均具正常恢复力的广谱型恢复系6078。通过回交,将广亲和品种Lemont的广亲和基因导入6078,育成广亲和广谱型恢复系SWR78。经测交鉴定,SWR78对WA型、印水（ID）型、HL型、BT型4种细胞质的10个籼、粳不育系均具正常恢复力。  相似文献   

17.
油菜野芥NSa细胞质雄性不育系的特异性分子鉴定   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  
常规细胞质类型鉴定方法花费时间长、工作量大、鉴定效率低、应用性较差。基于基因组重复序列的PCR技术(rep-PCR)在重复序列丰富的线粒体和原核生物的基因组鉴定中效果较好, 本研究对8份油菜资源的细胞质进行分子鉴定,结果表明rep-PCR可以明确区分甘蓝型油菜中常见的6种雄性不育细胞质。同时对甘蓝型油菜和野芥(Sinapis arvensis)体细胞杂交创建的、育性较为稳定的NSa野芥雄性不育胞质进行了分子特异性鉴定,获得了两条NSa不育胞质的特征DNA条带。但波里马和萝卜质不育细胞质的特异性引物在NSa中不能扩增出特异性片段,说明NSa不属于这两种细胞质类型。本研究结果为该不育胞质系统的利用和知识产权保护提供了理论依据和技术支撑。  相似文献   

18.
A germplasm collection of 152 diverse rapeseed accessions from Canada, China, France, India, Poland and South Korea was assayed for identifying new fertility restorers and sterility maintainers for a Tournefortii (tour) cytoplasmic male sterility (CMS) system in rape‐seed. Only 16 (10.5%) genotypes showed complete fertility restoration following hybridization with tour CMS line NE 409A. Notable among these were GSL 8851, GSL 8953, Mokpo # 9, Mali, Buk‐wuk‐13, Kuju‐27 and Mokpo # 84. As many as 78 (51.3%) genotypes were perfect maintainers of sterility, the remaining 58 (38.2%) genotypes were classified as partial maintainers. To study the inheritance of fertility restoration, 20 CMS (tour) rapeseed lines were crossed with the four best fertility restorers, namely GSL 8851, GSL 8953, Kuju‐27 and Mokpo # 9, to obtain F2 and test cross populations. Segregation data indicated that fertility restoration for tour CMS was governed by two genes, of which, one is stronger than the other (χ212:3:1). Differences in gene interactions were also observed (χ29:3:4) which could be explained on the basis of influence of female parent genotypes/or modified expression of the restorer gene(s) in different genetic backgrounds. Tests of allelism indicated that the restorer genes present in the four restorers evaluated were allelic.  相似文献   

19.
X. L. Tan    Y. L. Tan    Y. H. Zhao    X. M. Zhang    R. K. Hong    S. L. Jin    X. R. Liu  D. J. Huang 《Plant Breeding》2004,123(4):338-341
Cytoplasmic male sterility of Dian‐type 1 (CMS‐D1) was developed 30 years ago in Yunnan. A major gene conferring fertility restoration for the CMS‐D1 system was detected by microsatellite markers in advanced inbred lines consisting of 196 maintainers and 62 restorers developed in breeding programmes of hybrid rice involving the CMS‐D1 system. The gene was mapped between two simple sequence repeat markers, OSR33 and RM228, on chromosome 10, and was temporarily designated as Rf‐D1(t). The genetic distances of the gene to the two microsatellite markers were 3.4 and 5.0 cM, respectively. This linkage was confirmed by using an F2 population derived from a cross between a CMS‐D1 line and a restorer. This study also demonstrated that using OSR33 was reliable and efficient for identification of restoring lines in hybrid rice breeding with the CMS‐D1 system.  相似文献   

20.
In CMS (cytoplasmic male sterility)‐based hybrid rye (Secale cereale L.) breeding, effective pollen‐fertility restoration is an essential prerequisite for achieving maximum grain yield on the one hand and for minimizing ergot (Claviceps purpurea) infestation on the other. Restorer genes for the CMS‐inducing ‘Pampa’ cytoplasm derived from landraces collected in Iran and Argentina are used by breeders for achieving this goal. Here, restorer genes from four germplasm sources (‘Altevogt 14160’, ‘IRAN III’, ‘Trenelense’ and ‘Pico Gentario’) were analysed by producing three‐way cross hybrids between an elite CMS single cross and pollinators with and without a given restorer gene. Materials were evaluated on large drilled plots for restorer index (RI), grain yield, plant height and other traits in six environments. In experiment 1, a restorer gene from ‘Altevogt 14160’ was used. Seven pairs of marker‐selected carrier and non‐carrier backcross lines served as pollinators. In experiment 2, the pollinators were 17 backcross line pairs from the other three germplasm sources. These lines were grouped as high (RI > 67%) and low restorers (RI < 30%), respectively, using testcrosses with a highly diagnostic CMS tester. Hybrids carrying an exotic restorer gene suffered from a significant grain yield reduction by 4.4% and 9.4% and were 9.3 and 4.8 cm taller in experiments 1 and 2, respectively. Thousand‐kernel weight was reduced, whereas quality traits were only slightly affected. For all traits, significant genetic variance existed among the testcrosses to the presence vs. absence of a given exotic restorer gene. This offers a chance for the breeder to reduce or ultimately overcome the presently observed performance reductions brought about by exotic restorer genes.  相似文献   

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