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瓜类在人们生活中有着特殊而重要的位置,特别是近年来,随着保健蔬菜的兴起,苦瓜、黄瓜等瓜类在赤水的种植面积也逐年扩大,2002年瓜类种植面积达2400hm~2。随着种植面积的扩大,栽培方式的改变,重茬种植等原因,瓜类病害也日趋严重。为此,我们进行了调查、防治试验。取得较好的效果。 相似文献
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瓜实蝇的发生为害习性观察及其防治实践 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
瓜实蝇属实蝇科.国内多分布于江苏、福建、海南、广东、广西、贵州、湖南、台湾等地.有关其在江西省的为害未见报道.抚州市葫芦科蔬菜常年种植面积5 333.3hm2以上.笔者于2001年首次在抚州发现此虫为害苦瓜、丝瓜、黄瓜和佛手瓜等葫芦科作物.现已调查确定局部间歇性发生严重的有临川区、崇仁县和黎川县,发生的种类有南亚实蝇[Bactrocera tau(Walker)]和瓜实蝇[Bactrocera cucurbitae(Coqil lett)]. 相似文献
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近几年来 ,根结线虫病已成为我市蔬菜主要病害之一 ,受害面积逐年扩大 ,为害程度也逐年加重。主要危害作物有 :瓜类蔬菜 (苦瓜、黄瓜、丝瓜、芦瓜、西葫芦 ) ;茄果类蔬菜 (茄子、蕃茄 ) ;豆类蔬菜 (豇豆、广豆 ) ;十字花科蔬菜等。1 根结线虫病田间症状诊断该病仅为害作物根部 ,由于根部组织被破坏 ,地上部分生长弱 ,蔬菜植株矮小 ,叶发黄 ,开花而不结果 ,结果且果小。受害严重时整株可呈萎蔫状 ,失水死亡。将受害植株拔起 ,受害根形成根瘤 ,其大小因不同蔬菜种类和根结线虫不同种和数量而异。2 根结线虫病发病条件根结线虫在土壤温度 2 5… 相似文献
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克霉灵2号防治芋疫病试验简报 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
克霉灵２号防治芋疫病试验简报江发茂赖传雅（荔浦县农业局５４６６００）（广西农业大学５３０００５）荔浦芋风味独特，品质极佳，且耐贮运，是广西名特产蔬菜之一，也是广西重要出口蔬菜之一。广西各地均有种植，但随着栽种面积的逐年扩大，芋疫病亦随之普遍严重发生，... 相似文献
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苦瓜是暑天受欢迎的蔬菜品种之一。其味微苦略回甜,有清热解暑的作用,无论煎食、煮食、红烧、凉拌都深受人们喜爱。然而在种植苦瓜生产过程中,往往会发生一些病症危害,影响苦瓜苗的生长和苦瓜的质量。因此,要进行识别防治。现将苦瓜发病种类、症状及防治方法作如下介... 相似文献
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近年来,随着种植业结构的调整,上杭县临城镇春、秋苦瓜面积逐年扩大,病虫害也呈逐年加重趋势。据调查,为害本镇苦瓜生产的主要有“三病三虫”。现将其发生时期和防治方法总结介绍如下。1霜霉病本镇春苦瓜受该病为害主要在5月初至7月初,秋苦瓜主要在9月至10月。防治上抓住发病初 相似文献
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<正>近日,由重庆市农科院蔬菜花卉研究所选育的苦瓜新组合2025、8725,通过了由重庆市非主要农作物品种审定委员会组织的专家田间鉴定,并建议2025定名为"绿冠苦瓜",8725定名为"绿丰苦瓜",报市品审会登记。这2个苦瓜新品种的育成,实现了重庆市农科院苦瓜品种选育零的突破,为进一步提升瓜类育种水平和实力起到重要作用。通过实地考察重庆市九龙坡区白市驿镇九里 相似文献
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This study was conducted to identify the pathogens causing a new leaf spot disease on bitter gourd. The diseased leaves were collected from bitter gourd plantations around Nanning, Guangxi province. The pathogen causing this disease was identified by pathogenicity, morphology, and combined gene sequences analysis on ITS, TEF and GPD. The morphological characteristics of the pathogen were similar to that of Bipolaris bicolor. The representative isolate was clustered into one clade in phylogenetic tree with B. bicolor, which indicated that the leaf spot of bitter gourd was caused by B. bicolor. This is the first report of a leaf spot disease caused by B. bicolor on bitter gourd. 相似文献
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A new leaf spot disease on Calathea rotundifolia cv. fasciata was observed in Guangdong, China. The pathogen of this disease was identified by pathogenicity, morphological characteristics and multi-gene sequences analysis of ITS, TEF and GAPDH. The result showed that leaf spot of C. rotundifolia cv. fasciata was caused by Bipolaris sivanesaniana. This is the first report of leaf spot disease on C. rotundifolia cv. fasciata caused by B. sivanesaniana.The results of host range determination showed that B. sivanesaniana could also infect Calathea veitchiana and cause leaf spot. This study will facilitate the timely detection and management of Bipolaris leaf spot. 相似文献
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由尖孢镰孢菌苦瓜专化型(Fusarium oxysporum f.sp.momdicae Sun &Huang)引起的苦瓜枯萎病是一种严重影响苦瓜生产的土传维管束病害。本研究利用分割标记的方法构建FoCat1基因的敲除片段,通过PEG介导的原生质体转化方法对FoCat1基因进行敲除,经4对引物验证得到1个阳性转化子ΔFoCat1-3。突变体ΔFoCat1-3在PDA培养基上的菌落大小、菌丝形态、产孢量等生物学特性与野生型相比均无显著性差异,但是其抵抗外源氧胁迫的能力明显减弱,对苦瓜的致病力明显下降。DAB染色结果显示,接种突变体的苦瓜叶片中过氧化氢的含量明显高于接种野生型菌株的苦瓜叶片。研究结果表明,FoCat1可能不参与病菌正常营养生长过程的调控,但是具有清除寄主产生的活性氧,来减弱寄主对病原菌的杀伤作用的功能,从而参与病原菌的致病过程。 相似文献
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由尖孢镰孢菌苦瓜专化型(Fusarium oxysporum f.sp.momdicae Sun &Huang)引起的苦瓜枯萎病是一种严重影响苦瓜生产的土传维管束病害。本研究利用分割标记的方法构建FoCat1基因的敲除片段,通过PEG介导的原生质体转化方法对FoCat1基因进行敲除,经4对引物验证得到1个阳性转化子ΔFoCat1-3。突变体ΔFoCat1-3在PDA培养基上的菌落大小、菌丝形态、产孢量等生物学特性与野生型相比均无显著性差异,但是其抵抗外源氧胁迫的能力明显减弱,对苦瓜的致病力明显下降。DAB染色结果显示,接种突变体的苦瓜叶片中过氧化氢的含量明显高于接种野生型菌株的苦瓜叶片。研究结果表明,FoCat1可能不参与病菌正常营养生长过程的调控,但是具有清除寄主产生的活性氧,来减弱寄主对病原菌的杀伤作用的功能,从而参与病原菌的致病过程。 相似文献
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The pathogen causing round leaf spot of Sophora tonkinensis (Lour.) was identified by Koch's postulates, morphological characteristics and combined gene sequences analysis on ITS, TUB, and ACT. The results showed that morphological characteristics of a pathogenic representative isolate SDG-1 was similar to that of Didymella glomerata. The isolate SDG-1 was clustered into one clade in phylogenetic tree with D. glomerata. Taken together, these results indicated that the round leaf spot of S. tonkinensis was caused by D. glomerata. This is the first report of a round leaf spot on S. tonkinensis was identified as D. glomerata. 相似文献
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北京市月季丽赤壳褐斑病病原菌鉴定 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
In September 2018, a new leaf spot on Rosa chinensis with incidence of up to 60% was observed in a park in Miyun district of Beijing. Disease samples were collected and three strains (JZB3210001, JZB3210002 and JZB3210003) were obtained by isolation and single spore purification. According to the morphological characteristics, they were identified as Calonectria sp.. For molecular phylogenetic analysis, β-tub, Cal, H3, EF1-α genes were amplified with genomic DNA of these three isolates. Phylogenetic trees constructed by the Maximum likelihood method showed that three strains clustered with Calonectria blephiliae CBS136425 as a distinct clade with 91% bootstrap support. Based on both morphological characteristics and phylogenetic analysis, the three strains were identified as C. blephiliae. The pathogenicity assay confirmed that C. blephiliae was the pathogen causing this disease. This is the first report of leaf spot caused by C. blephiliae on Rosa chinensis in China. 相似文献
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华重楼斑枯病病原鉴定 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
2018年,四川汶川县重楼种植区的华重楼出现一种新的病害—华重楼斑枯病,该病害主要危害叶片,发生率为35%,天气适宜时可引起整株叶片枯死。为鉴定引起四川汶川县华重楼斑枯病的病原菌,本试验采用组织分离法对病原菌进行分离,利用科赫氏法则验证其致病性,依据菌株的形态学和基于rDNA-ITS和RPB2基因序列分析对病原菌进行鉴定。结果表明,分离菌株的菌落形态、分生孢子器和分生孢子形态与Didymella sp.相似;经分子生物学鉴定,该菌ITS-RPB2基因序列与亚隔孢壳属D. glomerata(登录号为FJ427013、GU371781)的同源性为100%。因此,将引起重楼斑枯病的病原菌鉴定为D. glomerata。 相似文献
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明确黄脉爵床棒孢霉叶斑病病原菌及其生物学特性,为防控提供理论依据。通过病原菌分离、形态特征观察、致病性测定、rDNA-ITS序列分析、生物学特性及寄主范围测定等研究,证明该病病原菌为山扁豆生棒孢Corynespora cassiicola;菌丝生长及产孢适宜温度20℃~28℃,孢子萌发适宜温度24℃~32℃,菌丝致死温度49℃处理10 min;菌丝生长适宜pH 6~10,产孢适宜pH 4~8,孢子萌发最适pH 8;光暗交替适合菌丝生长与产孢,连续光照可抑制菌丝生长;菌丝生长量由少到多培养基顺序为CA、PCA、PDA、CMA、OA,而PDA上产孢最多;刺伤接种,病菌可侵染喜树(Camptotheca acuminata)等植物。黄脉爵床棒孢霉叶斑病病原为山扁豆生棒孢C. cassiicola,病菌易产孢,寄主广,潜育期短。该病菌侵染黄脉爵床为首次报道。 相似文献