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为探究云南主产区生咖啡豆中挥发性成分的含量及组成方式,明晰地区间存在差异的特征性标志化合物,为咖啡豆的产地追溯及风味品质提升提供理论支撑,以云南保山、德宏、临沧和普洱4 个地区的生咖啡豆为试材,采用顶空固相微萃取-气相色谱质谱联用法(HS-SPME/GC-MS)检测,结合主成分分析(PCA)和系统聚类分析(HCA)对不同地区样品进行分类。结果表明：从4 个地区的生咖啡豆中共鉴定出42 种挥发性物质,主要以酸类为主,相对含量占32.96%,其次为酮类、醇类、碳氢类、酯类及醛类等。对不同地区样品进行主成分分析,第一主成分主要反映吡嗪类、酸类、醛类和碳氢类的信息,第二主成分主要反映醇类和酚类的信息。对不同地区样品进行聚类分析,可各自聚为一类,与主成分分析结果一致。试验获得了与特定地区样品相关性较大的挥发性物质,为云南主产区咖啡豆的分类鉴别及产地追溯提供理论参考。 相似文献
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Rosas Jorge Tadeu Fim de Carvalho Pinto Francisco de Assis de Queiroz Daniel Marçal de Melo Villar Flora Maria Magalhães Valente Domingos Sárvio Nogueira Martins Rodrigo 《Precision Agriculture》2022,23(1):300-318
Coffee beverage quality is highly correlated with the degree of fruit ripeness. In this sense, monitoring fruit ripeness is of utmost importance for harvest planning and, especially for obtaining high-quality beverages. Currently, this process is carried out through manual counts of unripe fruits, which is laborious and limited to a few plants within the field. This study aimed at evaluating the potential of a low-cost multispectral camera for coffee ripeness monitoring in the Zona da Mata region of Minas Gerais State, Brazil. For that, five fields of Arabica coffee with distinct characteristics were evaluated. During the coffee ripeness period, four flights were carried using a Phantom 4 Pro quadcopter equipped with a Mapir Survey 3W camera for imagery acquisition. After that, nine vegetation indices (VIs) were obtained. For the same dates, the percentage of unripe fruits was obtained using an irregular grid in all fields. The data was split into two ripeness classes: suitable for harvest (R) with?<?30% of unripe fruits; and not suitable for harvest (U), with?>?30% of unripe fruits. Then, a principal component analysis was used to infer the importance of the VIs to discriminate plants with unripe fruits from those with ripe fruits. The first two principal components explained?>?75% of the variance in the datasets from all coffee fields. The VIs were able to discriminate the ripeness classes (U and R) in most fields; however, their performance was directly influenced by the crop yield and canopy volume.
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为研究高海拔咖啡和低海拔咖啡质量的不同,对保山市龙陵县木城乡渔塘桠口村海拔1 400 m和海拔1 200 m的咖啡鲜果的果实性状进行测量,并采用SPSS 19.0软件进行独立样本t检测和相关性检测。结果表明:咖啡鲜果重量、鲜果纵横径、果皮重量、果皮厚度、种子单重、种子纵横径、种子厚度等方面在2种海拔下具有显著差异,在果皮厚度方面,海拔1 400 m海拔1 200 m,其他指标海拔1 400 m海拔1 200 m。此结果表明,高海拔咖啡的质量优于低海拔咖啡的质量。 相似文献
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本研究从云南小粒种咖啡3个主要种植区采集了52个样品．在德国柏林由一个专业杯品测试小组对其进行测评。比较了不同海拔荫蔽和非荫蔽耕作系统中咖啡豆的质量。结果显示：荫蔽系统的优势明显。荫蔽系统下生产的咖啡豆在所有4个感官项目测试和“带衣豆总干重／咖啡鲜果重”（D／F）项目中都有较好的表现。此外,在比较来自相近海拔（约1000m）的不同卡蒂莫品系时,发现香味和D／F之间呈正相关．D／F比值冈其结果简单、具体、客观,从而可作为咖啡质量中的物理性状的主要评价指标之一。另外．荫蔽耕作制度能够明显增加D／F的比值,这可能是荫蔽耕作制度下的咖啡豆在杯品测试中能有更好的表现的原因（特别是香味）。 相似文献
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云南省咖啡产业发展模式分析 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
近年来,云南本土咖啡企业大胆创新、积极实践,采取了一些新举措积极推进产业发展,形成不同形式的咖啡产业发展模式.该研究运用案例分析法对云南后谷咖啡有限公司“速溶咖啡＋贴牌加工＋超市”的大众路线模式、普洱爱伲咖啡有限公司“项级咖啡＋咖啡庄园＋咖啡馆”的精品路线模式、云南咖啡产业小微企业电子商务发展模式等7种最具代表性的发展模式进行阐述,总结出各模式的亮点和创新点以及云南咖啡企业的成功经验,以期为其他咖啡企业的发展提供借鉴,推动云南咖啡产业的健康有序发展. 相似文献
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[目的]咖啡豆象是世界性仓储害虫,主要分布于热带亚热带地区,与重要能源植物麻疯树的生态区重叠,有必要调查其对麻疯树的危害性。[方法]以贵州罗甸种植区为调查点,对野外麻疯树林分及室内果实储藏物进行调查,掌握害虫发生情况及其为害后果,并对其分类地位进行确定。[结果]咖啡豆象在罗甸麻疯树种植区普遍分布,室内及林间均见其发生为害;成虫取食真菌,对麻疯树果实的直接为害性很小,但成虫将卵产于果皮内,幼虫在其中孵化并取食,最终可将果皮蛀空,从而对果实造成直接为害;另外,咖啡豆象还可能具有一系列的潜在危害性,包括直接蛀食种子、传播病原物、威胁产区其他经济作物等。[结论]麻疯树是咖啡豆象的新寄主,咖啡豆象对其有一定的危害性,对其产品、其他经济作物有潜在的危害性,应加强对咖啡豆象的研究和防控力度。 相似文献
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Coffee leaf rust (CLR) caused by the fungus Hemileia vastarix is a devastating disease in almost all coffee producing countries and remote sensing approaches have the potential to monitor the disease. This study evaluated the potential of Sentinel-2 band settings for discriminating CLR infection levels at leaf levels. Field spectra were resampled to the band settings of the Sentinel-2, and evaluated using the random forest (RF) and partial least squares discriminant analysis (PLS-DA) algorithms with and without variable optimization. Using all variables, Sentinel-2 Multispectral Imager (MSI)-derived vegetation indices achieved higher overall accuracy of 76.2% when compared to 69.8% obtained using raw spectral bands. Using the RF out-of-bag (OOB) scores, 4 spectral bands and 7 vegetation indices were identified as important variables in CLR discrimination. Using the PLS-DA Variable Importance in Projection (VIP) score, 3 Sentinel-2 spectral bands (B4, B6 and B5) and 5 vegetation indices were found to be important variables. Use of the identified variables improved the CLR discrimination accuracies to 79.4 and 82.5% for spectral bands and indices respectively when discriminated with the RF. Discrimination accuracy slightly increased through variable optimization for PLS-DA using spectral bands (63.5%) and vegetation indices (71.4%). Overall, this study showed the potential of the Sentinel 2 MSI band settings for CLR discrimination as part of crop condition assessment. Nevertheless further studies are required under field conditions. 相似文献
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不同海拔对小粒种咖啡品质影响的研究 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
采集云南怒江流域海拔784～1 508 m中8个不同海拔高度的小粒种咖啡品种Catimor CIFC 7963(F6)的咖啡豆进行千粒重、粗蛋白质、粗脂肪、粗纤维、咖啡因、总糖等营养成分含量测定,研究不同海拔高度对小粒种咖啡品质的影响。相关分析结果表明:咖啡豆千粒重和总糖含量分别与海拔高度之间呈显著正相关;咖啡因含量与海拔高度之间呈极显著负相关;粗脂肪含量与海拔高度之间呈显著负相关;粗蛋白质、粗纤维、水浸出物、灰分与海拔高度之间相关关系不显著。 相似文献
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宾川朱苦拉咖啡早期引种史考——中国咖啡早期引种扩种历史考证系列文章（Ⅱ） 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
通过对云南省宾川县平川镇朱苦拉村引种咖啡的历史进行调查研究,根据有案可查的史料和实地考察,朱苦拉引种咖啡的年代应该是1904年（清光绪三十年）。朱苦拉确实是云南咖啡最早的引种地之一,并在原地传承至今,具有极高的科研价值。但是,也由于种种原因而静悄悄地消亡与改变,需紧急抢救与保护。 相似文献
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土壤稀土元素特征与苹果梨品质相关关系分析 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
基于生态地球化学理论,采用ICP-MS法对吉林省延边苹果梨主产区土壤稀土元素含量进行测定,分析了稀土元素分布特征,并结合苹果梨的品质测试结果,研究了土壤稀土元素分布及含量特征与苹果梨品质之间的相关关系。结果表明:土壤中稀土元素分布和含量特征与苹果梨品质之间具有较好的相关性,经相关性t检验后,在0.05和0.01的置信水平下呈显著相关。其中苹果梨的总糖、维生素C、可溶性固形物含量与土壤稀土元素含量呈正相关,总酸、含水量和硬度与土壤稀土元素含量呈负相关。 相似文献
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分析了贮藏在空气和100%氧气中样品褐变指数、多酚氧化酶(PPO)、总酚含量、pH值、色泽、水分含量、维生素C和可溶性固形物含量等在2℃和95%相对湿度下30 d中的变化情况.结果表明:褐变指数与pH值随贮藏时间增加而增加,亮度和维生素C含量随贮藏时间增加而减少.与空气贮藏相比,纯氧处理抑制了PPO活性、褐变、总酚和水分损失以及L和h值的降低.褐变指数与PPO活性间存在极为显著的正相关系,与维生素C和水分含量间存在高度相关性.维生素C、pH和L值与褐变指数间存在适度相关性.褐变指数与总酚含量存在负相关性,与可溶性固形物含量和h值间无显著相关性. 相似文献
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云南干热河谷区咖啡园咖啡植株发生黄化症,通过采集咖啡叶片和咖啡园土壤进行营养诊断,结果表明,发生黄化症的咖啡园土壤碳酸钙含量和土壤pH值分别比生长正常的咖啡园高70.89g/kg和1.51。与正常植株相比,发病的咖啡植株叶片叶绿素含量降低1.24mg/g,钾含量增高12.16g/kg,钙含量增高5.62g/kg,镁含量降低1.40g/kg。相关分析表明,土壤碳酸钙含量与土壤pH值、叶片钾含量、叶片钙含量达显著相关,与叶片叶绿素含量和镁含量之间均达极显著负相关。由此表明,土壤碳酸钙含量过高是导致咖啡植株黄化症发生的主要原因。灌溉和增施有机肥是防治咖啡植株黄化症的有效措施。 相似文献
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Gabriel Araújo e Silva Ferraz Fábio Moreira da Silva Marcelo de Carvalho Alves Rafael de Lima Bueno Pedro Augusto Negrini da Costa 《Precision Agriculture》2012,13(1):76-89
The aim of this study was to use geostatistical analysis to evaluate the spatial variation in the detachment force of coffee
fruit and coffee yield by variograms and kriging for precision agriculture. This study was conducted at Brej?o farm, Três
Pontas, Minas Gerais, Brazil. The detachment force of green and mature coffee fruit was measured with a prototype dynamometer
and georeferenced. The yield data were obtained from manual harvesting and were georeferenced. The data were evaluated by
variograms estimated by residual maximum likelihood (REML), which provided a satisfactory approach for modeling all the variables
with a small sample size. Spherical and exponential models were fitted, the first provided the better fit to mature fruit
detachment force and the latter provided the better fit to coffee yield and green fruit detachment force. They were used to
describe the structure and magnitude of spatial variation in the variables studied. Kriged estimates were obtained with the
best fitting variogram models and mapped. The statistical and geostatistical analyses enabled us to characterize the spatial
variation of the detachment force of green and mature coffee fruit and coffee yield and to visualize the spatial relations
among these variables. The precision agriculture techniques used in this paper to collect, map and analyze the variables studied
will help coffee farmers to manage their fields. Maps of coffee yield will enable farmers to apply nutrients site-specifically
and manage harvesting either manually or mechanically. In addition, maps of detachment force of coffee fruit can enable farmers
to harvest coffee selectively by choosing the appropriate places and the right time to start. This will improve the quality
of the final product and also increase profits. 相似文献