共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 78 毫秒
1.
Greenslate J 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》1974,186(4163):529-531
Incipient manganese concretions occur in microcavities of planktonic skeletal debris (especially diatom frustules) in some Pacific Basin deep-sea sediments. These concretions contain over 50 percent manganese and very little iron (< 1 percent). There is a continuum of growth stages in the concretions having a diameter between 0 and approximately 2 millimeters, and a genetic relationship is suggested between the very small and the centimeter sized concretions. 相似文献
2.
Weddellite (calcium oxalate dihydrate) and calcite (anhydrous calcium carbonate phase) are components of concretions in the renal sac of the ascidian tunicate Molgula manhattensis. The presence of weddellite along with urate in the concretions suggests a resemblance to human kidney stones, although, unlike the latter, the concretions in Molgula do not seem to be pathologic deposits. 相似文献
3.
Phosphorite concretions have been detected in the kidneys of two widespread species of mollusks, Mercenaria mercenaria and Argopecten irradians, which have relatively high population densities. These concretions are the first documentation of the direct biogenic formation of phosphorite grains. The concretions are principally amorphous calcium phosphate, which upon being heated yields an x-ray diffraction pattern which is essentially that of chlorapatite. These concretions appear to be a normal formation of the excretory process of mollusks under reproductive, environmental, or pollutant-induced stress. Biogenic production of phosphorite concretions over long periods of time and diagenetic change from amorphous to crystalline structure, coupled with secondary enrichment, may account for the formation of some marine phosphorite desposits which are not easily explained by the chemical precipitation-replacement hypothesis. 相似文献
4.
土壤中的钙质结核可分为软结核、硬结核和钙质硬盘３种形态，其化学组成以ＣａＣＯ３为主，矿质全量组成的各氧化物平均含量水平的顺序为：ＣａＯ〉ＳｉＯ２〉Ａｌ２Ｏ３〉Ｆｅ２Ｏ３〉ＭｇＯ〉Ｋ２Ｏ〉Ｎａ２Ｏ〉ＴｉＯ２〉ＭｎＯ〉Ｐ２Ｏ５。但在某些软结核中，ＳｉＯ２含量仍大于ＣａＯ含量。微形态分析结果表明，软结核为碳酸盐颗粒的胶结体，常嵌埋较多的土壤基质、石英、长石等粗颗粒；硬结核多为碳酸盐和方解石的胶结体，许多 相似文献
5.
铁锰结核的元素组成及微形态特征 总被引：8，自引：0，他引：8
本文研究了钙质变性土中铁锰结核的矿质全量组成、微量元素丰度，微形态特征以及土壤和铁锰结核中各形态铁锰氧化物的组成特点，结果表明，铁锰结核中仍以ＳｉＯ２含量最高，但Ｆｅ２Ｏ３含量增加超过了Ａｌ２Ｏ３、ＭｎＯ含量大大超过了Ｋ２Ｏ、Ｎａ２Ｏ、ＴｉＯ２和ＭｇＯ的含量，所测定的９种微量元素中以Ｂａ含量最高，其次是Ｖ、Ｎｉ、Ｃｏ３种铁族元素，Ｃｕ和Ｐｂ含量也较高，但Ｚｎ和Ｃｒ含量较低，一般黑土层中的结核较小， 相似文献
6.
Three crystalline forms of calcium carbonate were identified in washings of the hamster vagina. Spherical concretions of vaterite and hexagonal concretions of calcite predominate on days 3 and 4 of the 4-day estrous cycle. Dumbbell-like concretions of aragonite predominate during pregnancy and pseudopregnancy. Each polymorph is associated with an acid-insoluble matrix. Concretions disappear after ovariectomy and reappear during daily injections of estrogen and progesterone. 相似文献
7.
Studies by optical microscopy, x-ray diffraction, and electron probe techniques of ferromanganese concretions from three Canadian lakes reveal chemical banding of amorphous hydrated iron and manganese oxides. The average ratio of iron to manganese in concretions from these lakes varies from 0.43 to 2.56. The concentrations of cobalt, nickel, copper, and lead are one to two orders of magnitude below those reported for oceanic ferromanganese concretions. 相似文献
8.
Alewives, Alosa pseudoharengus, wash ashore from Onondaga Lake, N.Y., in the form of combustible concretions in which the mnuscles are replaced by calcium salts of fatty acids. In both distribution pattern and total concentration of fatty acids the concretions differ strikingly from normal carcasses. Carbon-13: carbon-12 ratios indicate that the concretions may have formed from lipids of terrestrial or freshwater organisms or from organic pollutants of nonmarine origin, or from lipids and pollutants. 相似文献
9.
Inhibition of cellular mediated immunity in marihuana smokers 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
The cellular mediated immunity of 51 young chronic marihuana smokers. as evaluated by the lyomphocyte response in vitro to allogeneic cells and to phytohemagglutinin, was significantly decreased and similar to that of patients in whom impairment of T (thymus derived) cell immunity is known to occur. This inhibition of blastogenesis might be related to an impairment of DNA synthesis. 相似文献
10.
Purines can prevent the formation of aminoimidazole precursors which are accumulated by bacterial mutants genetically blocked in purine biosynthesis. If the block does not interfere with interconversions among adenine, guanine, hypoxanthine and xanthine, then any of the purines can act as a feedback inhibitor. If conversion of the other purines to adenine is prevented, then adenine becomes a specific requirement for inhibition; this indicates that feedback control operates at a level involving adenine or one of its congeners. 相似文献
11.
Lodowski DT Pitcher JA Capel WD Lefkowitz RJ Tesmer JJ 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2003,300(5623):1256-1262
The phosphorylation of heptahelical receptors by heterotrimeric guanine nucleotide-binding protein (G protein)-coupled receptor kinases (GRKs) is a universal regulatory mechanism that leads to desensitization of G protein signaling and to the activation of alternative signaling pathways. We determined the crystallographic structure of bovine GRK2 in complex with G protein beta1gamma2 subunits. Our results show how the three domains of GRK2-the RGS (regulator of G protein signaling) homology, protein kinase, and pleckstrin homology domains-integrate their respective activities and recruit the enzyme to the cell membrane in an orientation that not only facilitates receptor phosphorylation, but also allows for the simultaneous inhibition of signaling by Galpha and Gbetagamma subunits. 相似文献
12.
An M2 muscarinic receptor subtype coupled to both adenylyl cyclase and phosphoinositide turnover 总被引：20，自引：0，他引：20
A Ashkenazi J W Winslow E G Peralta G L Peterson M I Schimerlik D J Capon J Ramachandran 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》1987,238(4827):672-675
To investigate whether a particular receptor subtype can be coupled to multiple effector systems, recombinant M2 muscarinic receptors were expressed in cells lacking endogenous receptor. The muscarinic agonist carbachol both inhibited adenylyl cyclase and stimulated phosphoinositide hydrolysis. The stimulation of phosphoinositide hydrolysis was significantly less efficient and more dependent on receptor levels than the inhibition of adenylyl cyclase. Both responses were mediated by guanine nucleotide binding proteins, as evidenced by their inhibition by pertussis toxin; the more efficiently coupled adenylyl cyclase response was significantly more sensitive. Thus, individual subtypes of a given receptor are capable of regulating multiple effector pathways. 相似文献
13.
Hobson JP Rosenfeldt HM Barak LS Olivera A Poulton S Caron MG Milstien S Spiegel S 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2001,291(5509):1800-1803
EDG-1 is a heterotrimeric guanine nucleotide binding protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) for sphingosine-1-phosphate (SPP). Cell migration toward platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF), which stimulates sphingosine kinase and increases intracellular SPP, was dependent on expression of EDG-1. Deletion of edg-1 or inhibition of sphingosine kinase suppressed chemotaxis toward PDGF and also activation of the small guanosine triphosphatase Rac, which is essential for protrusion of lamellipodia and forward movement. Moreover, PDGF activated EDG-1, as measured by translocation of beta-arrestin and phosphorylation of EDG-1. Our results reveal a role for receptor cross-communication in which activation of a GPCR by a receptor tyrosine kinase is critical for cell motility. 相似文献
14.
Epstein-Barr virus: inhibition of replication by three new drugs 总被引：11，自引：0，他引：11
Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) is the cause of infectious mononucleosis and is associated with three human malignancies. Acyclovir [9-(2-hydroxyethoxymethyl)guanine], the first clinically useful drug effective against replication of EBV, is without effect against latent or persistent EBV infection. Three nucleoside analogs, E-5-(2-bromovinyl)-2'-deoxyuridine, 1-(2-deoxy-2-fluoro-beta-D-arabinofuranosyl)-5-iodocytosine, and 1-(2-deoxy-2-fluoro-beta-D-arabinofuranosyl)-5-methyluracil are potent inhibitors of EBV replication in vitro. Moreover, in contrast to the reversibility of viral inhibition by Acyclovir, these three drugs have prolonged effects in suppressing viral replication even after the drugs are removed from persistently infected cell cultures. 相似文献
15.
Bohn LM Lefkowitz RJ Gainetdinov RR Peppel K Caron MG Lin FT 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》1999,286(5449):2495-2498
The ability of morphine to alleviate pain is mediated through a heterotrimeric guanine nucleotide binding protein (G protein)-coupled heptahelical receptor (GPCR), the mu opioid receptor (muOR). The efficiency of GPCR signaling is tightly regulated and ultimately limited by the coordinated phosphorylation of the receptors by specific GPCR kinases and the subsequent interaction of the phosphorylated receptors with beta-arrestin 1 and beta-arrestin 2. Functional deletion of the beta-arrestin 2 gene in mice resulted in remarkable potentiation and prolongation of the analgesic effect of morphine, suggesting that muOR desensitization was impaired. These results provide evidence in vivo for the physiological importance of beta-arrestin 2 in regulating the function of a specific GPCR, the muOR. Moreover, they suggest that inhibition of beta-arrestin 2 function might lead to enhanced analgesic effectiveness of morphine and provide potential new avenues for the study and treatment of pain, narcotic tolerance, and dependence. 相似文献
16.
Klingelhöfer G Morris RV Bernhardt B Schröder C Rodionov DS de Souza PA Yen A Gellert R Evlanov EN Zubkov B Foh J Bonnes U Kankeleit E Gütlich P Ming DW Renz F Wdowiak T Squyres SW Arvidson RE 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2004,306(5702):1740-1745
Mossbauer spectra measured by the Opportunity rover revealed four mineralogical components in Meridiani Planum at Eagle crater: jarosite- and hematite-rich outcrop, hematite-rich soil, olivine-bearing basaltic soil, and a pyroxene-bearing basaltic rock (Bounce rock). Spherules, interpreted to be concretions, are hematite-rich and dispersed throughout the outcrop. Hematitic soils both within and outside Eagle crater are dominated by spherules and their fragments. Olivine-bearing basaltic soil is present throughout the region. Bounce rock is probably an impact erratic. Because jarosite is a hydroxide sulfate mineral, its presence at Meridiani Planum is mineralogical evidence for aqueous processes on Mars, probably under acid-sulfate conditions. 相似文献
17.
F McCormick B F Clark T F la Cour M Kjeldgaard L Norskov-Lauritsen J Nyborg 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》1985,230(4721):78-82
A model was developed for the structure of p21, the protein with a molecular weight of 21,000 that is produced by the ras genes. This model predicts that p21 consists of a central core of beta-sheet structure, connected by loops and alpha helices. Four of these loops comprise the guanine nucleotide binding site. The phosphoryl binding region is made up of amino acid sequences from 10 to 16 and from 57 to 63 of p21. The latter sequence may contain a site for magnesium binding. Amino acids defining guanine specificity are Asn-116 and Asp-119, and sequences around amino acid 145 may contribute to guanine binding. The model makes it possible to visualize how oncogenic mutations of p21 affect interaction with guanine nucleotides. 相似文献
18.
Yu. N. Vodyanitskii 《Russian Agricultural Sciences》2009,35(3):185-188
It is suggested to characterize concretions in contaminated soils by geochemical modules based on the affinity of heavy metals and metalloids with carrier phases, which is indicated by significant positive correlation coefficients between them. The modules include molar ratios Cu: Fe, Ni: Fe, As: Fe, P: Fe, and Pb: Mn, with increase of which the strength of fixation of the trace element by the corresponding carrier phase decreases. 相似文献
19.
ROP是植物特有的一类Rho相关GTPases,在植物体内通过GTP结合形式与GDP结合形式的切换而对生长发育和适应环境起调节作用.由GTP结合形式向GDP结合形式的转换主要依赖于鸟苷酸交换因子(guanine nucleotide exchangefactor,GEF).本文以锁定于GDP结合形式的辣椒DN-CaROP1突变体为诱饵,采用ProQuestTM酵母双杂交体系,从辣椒幼苗cDNA文库中分离了辣椒GEF阳性克隆,其推导的氨基酸序列与其他植物中发现的GEF具有较高的同源性,并含典型的植物ROPGEF保守域DUF315及N端与C端的高度变化域,将之命名为CaROPGEF1;RT-PCR分析表明,CaROPGEF1在辣椒多种组织中均有表达;进一步酵母双杂交分析表明,CaROPGEF1可与GDP结合态的ROP结合,而不能与GTP结合态的ROP结合.上述结果暗示CaROPGEF1调节的ROP从DN态向CA态的转化在辣椒植株中频繁发生,可能参与辣椒ROP介导的生长、发育和对环境适应的调控. 相似文献
20.
Wells RD 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》1969,165(3888):75-76
Polydeoxy (adenylyl-thymidylyl-cytidylyl)* polydeoxy(guanylyl-adenylyl-thymidylyl), a double-stranded DNA polmer of high molecular weight containing 33 percent guanine plus cytosine, binds little or no actinomycin D, as measured by five different techniques. In contrast, the sequence isomer of this DNA, polydeoxy (thymidylyl-adenylyl-cytidylyl)-polydeoxy(guanylyl-thymidylyl-adenylyl), does bind the antibiotic. Thus, the presence of guanine in a DNA is not a sufficient requisite for the binding of actinomycin D. 相似文献