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研究使用健康易感仔猪对3批猪支原体肺炎活疫苗(168株)分别进行了免疫效力试验、免疫期试验、临床效力试验、同类制品的免疫效力比较试验和免疫期比较试验,以及5批疫苗免疫商品猪的临床试验。结果表明：猪支原体肺炎活疫苗(168株)免疫仔猪60天后,免疫组有80%以上的保护率,免疫后7个月,试验组仍有50%以上的保护率;同类制品免疫效力和免疫期比较试验结果表明两种猪支原体活疫苗差异不明显。临床观察和病理剖检结果表明免疫保护率在85%以上。以上结果都说明猪支原体肺炎活疫苗（168株）具有很好的免疫效力。 相似文献
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简化免疫程序,方便养猪生产,是众多养猪人的需求,通过设计猪支原体肺炎活疫苗(RM48株)与伪狂犬活疫苗相互影响试验、混合使用对于伪狂犬免疫的影响试验、混合使用对于猪支原体肺炎活疫苗(RM48株)的免疫影响试验、猪支原体肺炎活疫苗(RM48株)与灭活疫苗临床效果对比试验等4个试验,试验结果表明:猪支原体肺炎活疫苗(RM48株)与伪狂犬活疫苗是可以混合喷鼻使用的;猪支原体肺炎活疫苗(RM48株)比猪支原体肺炎灭活疫苗产品的临床应用效果更明显。对于简化免疫程序推进,提供有力的数据支持。 相似文献
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猪支原体肺炎活疫苗（168株）肺内免疫机制研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
为研究猪支原体肺炎活疫苗(168株)的免疫机制,通过肺内接种免疫5 ～ 10日龄仔猪,并于免疫后不同时间点检测血清中IgG抗体效价、全血中淋巴细胞转化效率、呼吸道局部的IFN-γ浓度和特异性SIgA滴度,于免疫后28 d剖杀采集呼吸道上皮组织,通过扫描电镜法与原位杂交检测法观察疫苗株在呼吸道的存留以及对纤毛的影响情况.结果发现,免疫后猪血液中淋巴细胞转化增强1.52～2.01倍,支气管表面IFN-γ浓度和特异性SIgA滴度持续增加,但血清抗体一直未检测到.扫描电镜与原位杂交检测结果发现疫苗株能有效地黏附在支气管纤毛上皮细胞上,但对纤毛的影响较小.由此表明,猪支原体肺炎活疫苗(168株)通过肺内免疫可有效激活全身细胞免疫及呼吸道局部的黏膜免疫与细胞免疫反应,而且还可以通过黏附支气管纤毛上皮细胞产生占位效应而对上皮组织不产生损伤. 相似文献
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猪瘟和猪支原体肺炎是两种较为常见的猪传染病,首免日龄接近,本试验通过对24头30—40日龄仔猪分别或同时免疫猪支原体肺炎活疫苗（RM48株）和猪瘟活疫苗（传代细胞源）,研究其相互之间是否存在免疫干扰。试验结果显示,两种疫苗同时免疫对其各自的近期免疫效力均无明显影响。 相似文献
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猪支原体肺炎活疫苗(168株)是一种以肺内注射途径免疫的弱毒活疫苗。为了拓展猪支原体肺炎活疫苗的免疫途径,评估猪支原体肺炎活疫苗(168株)配合佐剂以肌肉注射方式免疫猪群后的攻毒保护效果,选取20头7日龄猪肺炎支原体(Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae,Mhp)阴性仔猪,将其随机平均分成4组,分别为健康对照组、感染对照组、肌肉注射免疫组和肺内注射免疫组。在免疫后采集血样并检测其中的Mhp IgG抗体,在首次免疫后42 d人工感染Mhp组织毒(JS株),攻毒28 d后评估肺脏的病变情况并测定支气管肺泡灌洗液(BALF)中的Mhp含量。结果显示：免疫后肌肉注射免疫组动物产生了明显的Mhp特异性血清IgG抗体,而肺内注射免疫组动物在攻毒前未见明显的血清抗体;肌肉注射免疫组和肺内注射免疫组的攻毒保护率分别平均为88.89%和75.93%,且组间无显著性差异;感染对照组的BALF中Mhp单位含量极显著高于肌肉注射免疫组和肺内注射免疫组(P<0.01),2个免疫组间无显著性差异。结果表明：猪支原体活疫苗配合佐剂后经肌肉注射免疫可产生较好的免疫攻毒保护效果。本研究为猪支原体肺炎活... 相似文献
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肺炎支原体的培养和保存条件非常苛刻,是疫苗规模化生产的工艺难题。本文针对猪支原体肺炎活疫苗(168株)生产工艺关键技术进行研究。通过培养试验筛选四种培养基配方表明该疫苗株在低血清改良培养基中生长良好;优化发酵培养工艺,使其在发酵罐培养60～70 h的峰值可达到1010CCU/mL;设计筛选该疫苗耐热保护剂和冻干工艺,37℃下保存10 d的耐老化试验结果显示,下降滴度小于100.5CCU/mL。本研究为提供高效、安全和稳定的猪肺炎支原体疫苗产品奠定基础。 相似文献
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Evaluation of killed and modified live porcine rotavirus vaccines in cesarean derived colostrum deprived pigs 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Twenty-eight cesarean derived, colostrum deprived (CDCD) piglets were used to evaluate the efficacy of killed and modified live rotavirus (MLV) vaccines against challenge with virulent A-1 and A-2 rotaviruses. Two killed rotavirus vaccines were evaluated: an experimental vaccine and a commercially available vaccine. Efficacy parameters included: average daily weight gains, rotavirus shedding in feces, morbidity incidence and duration, and rotavirus serum antibody conversion post-vaccination and post-challenge. Piglets vaccinated orally/intramuscularly with the modified live vaccine were completely protected from A-1 and A-2 virulent rotavirus challenge. Nonvaccinated control piglets and piglets receiving killed rotavirus vaccines developed diarrhea, shed virus and exhibited reduced weight gains post-challenge. Only the MLV rotavirus vaccine was able to prevent virus shedding in feces after virulent challenge. Both controls and pigs which received killed vaccines intraperitoneally, orally or intramuscularly shed virus in the feces for 7 days post-challenge and virus peak titers approached 10(7) fluorescent antibody infectious dose (FAID)50/g feces. These studies clearly reflected the inability of killed rotavirus vaccines to induce active local immunity to rotaviral diarrhea in piglets. 相似文献
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猪支原体肺炎是由猪肺炎支原体(Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae ,Mhp)引起的猪的一种慢性呼吸道疾病,严重影响养猪业发展,活疫苗气溶胶免疫是防治该病的新措施。为研究猪肺炎支原体活疫苗(168株)经气溶胶免疫后,疫苗株在免疫猪肺内的占位存留规律,选用3周龄不吃初乳猪27头,随机分为3组,G1气溶胶免疫组12头,G2肺内免疫组12头,同时设立阴性对照3头。分别于免疫后第2 h、7 d、14 d及28 d进行鼻拭子Mhp sIgA检测以及血清抗体检测。另外在上述时间点分别宰杀G1和G2组各3头,对照组在实验组免疫后第28 d宰杀,采集肺泡灌洗液,分别进行Mhp sIgA检测及Mhp疫苗株含量检测。结果显示:(1)所有试验猪至实验结束,Mhp血清抗体未出现转阳现象;(2)鼻拭子sIgA水平G1组在免疫后第14 d与对照组相比上升,差异具有显著统计学意义(p <0.05);G2组在免疫后第7 d和14 d与相应的对照组相比上升,差异具有显著统计学意义(p <0.05),各时间点G1组与G2组sIgA水平差异不具备统计学意义(p >0.05);(3)G1组肺泡灌洗液中的 sIgA在免疫后14 d部分转阳(阳性率33.33%),28 d全部转阳(阳性率100%);G2组在免疫14 d时已全部转阳(阳性率100%),各时间点G1组与G2组sIgA水平差异不具备统计学意义(p >0.05);(4)气溶胶免疫组肺泡灌洗液内Mhp疫苗株浓度在免疫后第2 h、7 d、14 d和28 d分别是相应肺内免疫组的0.37倍、1.01倍、0.88倍以及0.52倍。猪支原体肺炎活疫苗(168株)经气溶胶免疫后,和肺内免疫一样可以诱导免疫猪的局部黏膜免疫以及具有同等的占位效应,且经气溶胶免疫的疫苗株在免疫仔猪体内的增殖水平可能与其诱导的黏膜免疫水平相关。 相似文献
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Prieto C Alvarez E Martínez-Lobo FJ Simarro I Castro JM 《Veterinary journal (London, England : 1997)》2008,175(3):356-363
The objective of this study was to determine the degree of protection conferred by a Lelystad-like modified live virus (MLV) vaccine against a heterologous wild-type porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) isolate of the same cluster. For this purpose, fourteen 3-week-old piglets were divided into three groups: Group A pigs were vaccinated with a modified live virus vaccine, Group B pigs were used as positive controls, and Group C pigs as negative controls. Twenty-eight days after the last dose of vaccine, all pigs in Groups A and B were inoculated with the Spanish PRRSV strain 5710. To evaluate efficacy, clinical signs were recorded and the presence of challenge virus was determined by virus isolation in blood samples and nasal swabs collected at various time points post-challenge (p.c.) and in tissue samples collected at necropsy 24 days p.c. After challenge, moderate clinical signs were observed in pigs from Groups A and B. In addition, all vaccinated pigs were viremic at least once, although viremia tended to be more sporadic in this group than in Group B pigs. PRRSV was detected in at least one tissue sample from four out of five pigs from Group A and in all pigs from Group B. The results indicate that the protection conferred by the MLV vaccine used in this study against a closely related virulent strain was only partial. The findings suggest that the degree of genetic homology of ORF5 between MLV vaccine and challenge isolate is not a good predictor of vaccine efficacy. 相似文献
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M Awad-Masalmeh M Schuh J K?fer E Quakyi 《DTW. Deutsche tier?rztliche Wochenschrift》1989,96(8):419-421
105 piglets (56 vaccinated and 49 control animals) were utilized in 6 consecutive experiments. Each used litter was divided randomly into vaccine and control animals. One week prior to weaning each of the 56 piglets of the vaccine groups received 5 mg of nonpurified toxin treated with glutaraldehyd subcutaneously whereas to the remaining 49 control animals an extract of apathogenic E. coli was administered. During the first 12 hours post weaning each of the 105 piglets was challenged perorally with 10(10) cfu of edema principle toxin producing germs of E. coli serogroup O 139. 23 animals of the control groups (46.9%) and one animal of vaccine groups (1.8%) died due to the infection between days four and five post challenge. These control animals showed classical clinical symptoms as well as pathological findings typical for edema disease. In contrast, such findings as mentioned before could not be observed in the vaccinated piglets. The remaining part of the control animals and eight of those vaccinated ones exhibited edema disease symptoms. The vaccinated animals have shed the challenge strain one to three days, while the survivals of control groups shed those germs for two to six days. The vaccinated piglets showed a better growth rate than the remaining control animals. Presented data suggest that our toxoid immunizing procedure can be used successfully against edema disease of swine. 相似文献
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Assessment of protective efficacy of live and killed vaccines based on a non-encapsulated mutant of Streptococcus suis serotype 2. 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
Henk J Wisselink Norbert Stockhofe-Zurwieden Luuk A T Hilgers Hilde E Smith 《Veterinary microbiology》2002,84(1-2):155-168
The protective efficacy of a live and killed non-encapsulated isogenic mutant of Streptococcus suis serotype 2 was determined in pigs, and compared with the efficacy of the capsulated wild-type strain. SPF pigs were vaccinated twice intramuscularly at 4 and 7 weeks of age with a dose of 1 x 10(9) formalin-killed CFU of the wild-type (WT-BAC), formalin-killed non-encapsulated mutant (CM-BAC) or live non-encapsulated mutant (CM-LIVE) strain. After 2 weeks, vaccinated pigs and non-vaccinated controls were challenged intravenously with 1 x 10(7) CFU of the homologous, wild-type S. suis serotype 2 strain. Protection was evaluated by clinical, bacteriological, serological and post-mortem examinations. All pigs vaccinated with WT-BAC were completely protected against challenge with the homologous serotype. Pigs vaccinated with CM-BAC were partially protected. Although all pigs vaccinated with CM-BAC survived the challenge, four out of five pigs developed clinical signs of disease for several days. Compared to the WT-BAC and CM-BAC, the CM-LIVE vaccine was less protective. Two out of five pigs vaccinated with CM-LIVE died in the course of the experiment and all of them developed specific clinical signs of disease for several days. The protective efficacy of the vaccines could be associated with serum antibody titers. Antibody titers against cells of wild-type and non-encapsulated mutant strains as well as against muramidase-released proteins (MRP) were high in pigs vaccinated with WT-BAC and CM-BAC. Pigs vaccinated with CM-LIVE showed lower antibody titers. Antibody titers against purified capsular polysaccharides (CPS) of S. suis serotype 2 were only found in pigs vaccinated with WT-BAC. These findings indicate that CPS and other bacterial components of WT-BAC are probably essential for full protection against homologous challenge. 相似文献
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Intradermal vaccination with plasmid DNA encoding envelope glycoprotein C (gC) of pseudorabies virus (PrV) conferred protection of pigs against Aujeszky's disease when challenged with strain 75V19, but proved to be inadequate for protection against the highly virulent strain NIA-3. To improve the performance of the DNA vaccine, animals were vaccinated intradermally with a combination of plasmids expressing PrV glycoproteins gB, gC, gD, or gE under control of the major immediate-early promotor/enhancer of human cytomegalovirus. 12.5 microg per plasmid were used per immunization of 5-week old piglets which were injected three times at biweekly intervals. Five out of six animals survived a lethal challenge with strain NIA-3 without exhibiting central nervous signs, whereas all the control animals succumbed to the disease. This result shows the increased protection afforded by administration of the plasmid mixture over vaccination with a gC expressing plasmid alone. A comparative trial was performed using commercially available inactivated and modified-live vaccines and a mixture of plasmids expressing gB, gC, and gD. gE was omitted to conform with current eradication strategies based on gE-deleted vaccines. All six animals vaccinated with the live vaccine survived the lethal NIA-3 challenge without showing severe clinical signs. In contrast, five of six animals immunized with the inactivated vaccine died, as did two non-vaccinated controls. In this test, three of six animals vaccinated with the DNA vaccine survived without severe clinical signs, whereas three succumbed to the disease. Comparing weight reduction and virus excretion, the DNA vaccine also ranged between the inactivated and modified-live vaccines. Thus, administration of DNA constructs expressing different PrV glycoproteins was superior to an adjuvanted inactivated vaccine but less effective than an attenuated live vaccine in protection of pigs against PrV infection. Our data suggest a potential use of DNA vaccination in circumstances which do not allow administration of live attenuated vaccines. 相似文献
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Tumamao JQ Bowles RE van den Bosch H Klaasen HL Fenwick BW Blackall PJ 《Australian veterinary journal》2004,82(12):773-780
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the serological response of pigs receiving either the Porcilis APP vaccine or a modified live vaccine based on a streptomycin-dependent (SD) strain of Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae, and then challenged with an Australian isolate of A. pleuropneumoniae of either serovar 1 or 15 as a means of understanding the protection provided by both vaccines against serovar 1 but not against serovar 15. DESIGN: The serological tests evaluated were serovar-specific polysaccharide ELISA tests (for serovar 1 and 15), ELISA tests for antibodies to three A. pleuropneumoniae toxins (ApxI, ApxII and ApxIII) as well as to a 42 kDa outer membrane protein (OMP), a haemolysin neutralisation (HN) assay and immunoblotting. The tests were used to detect antibodies in vaccinated pigs that had been shown to be protected against serovar 1 but not serovar 15. RESULTS: In the polysaccharide antigen ELISA assays, both vaccines resulted in a significant rise in the titre in the serovar 1 ELISA but not the serovar 15 ELISA. The Porcilis APP vaccinated pigs showed a significant response in the ApxI, ApxIII and 42 kDa OMP ELISA. In the ApxII ELISA, all pigs tested (the Porcilis APP vaccinates and the controls) were positive on entry to the trial. In the HN assay, the Porcilis APP vaccinated pigs showed a significant response after one dose while the SD vaccinated pigs required two doses of vaccine before a marked rise in titre was induced. Immunoblotting revealed that neither vaccine generated antibodies that recognised the ApxIII produced by serovar 15. CONCLUSIONS: The failure of these vaccines to provide protection against serovar 15 may be due to novel virulence factors possessed by serovar 15, significant differences between the ApxIII toxin of serovar 15 and those present in the Porcilis APP vaccine or failure by both vaccines to induce antibodies to the serovar 15 specific polysaccharide. 相似文献
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Francisco Javier Martínez-Lobo Laura Carrascosa de Lome Francisco Díez-Fuertes Joaquim Segalés Carlos García-Artiga Isabel Simarro José María Castro Cinta Prieto 《Veterinary research》2013,44(1):115
The objective of this study was to compare the safety of all modified live virus vaccines commercially available in Europe against Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome Virus (PRRSV) under the same experimental conditions. For this purpose, one hundred and twenty three-week-old piglets, divided into five groups, were used. On day 0 of the experiment, nine pigs per group were removed and the remaining fifteen were vaccinated with the commercial vaccines Ingelvac PRRS MLV, Amervac PRRS, Pyrsvac-183 and Porcilis PRRS by the IM route or were mock vaccinated and used as controls. On day 3, the nine unvaccinated pigs were re-introduced into their respective groups and served as sentinel pigs. Clinical signs were recorded daily and lung lesions were determined on days 7, 14 and 21, when 5 vaccinated pigs per group were euthanized. Blood samples and swabs were taken every three days and different organs were collected at necropsy to determine the presence of PRRSV. None of the vaccines studied caused detectable clinical signs in vaccinated pigs although lung lesions were found. Altogether, these results indicate that all vaccines can be considered clinically safe. However, some differences were found in virological parameters. Thus, neither Pyrsvac-183 nor Porcilis PRRS could be detected in porcine alveolar macrophage (PAM) cultures or in lung sections used to determine PRRSV by immunohistochemistry, indicating that these viruses might have lost their ability to replicate in PAM. This inability to replicate in PAM might be related to the lower transmission rate and the delay in the onset of viremia observed in these groups 相似文献
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W L Mengeling D E Gutekunst E C Pirtle 《American journal of veterinary research》1980,41(10):1569-1571
Groups of pigs vaccinated with an inactivated bivalent vaccine containing porcine parvovirus (PPV) and pseudorabies virus (PRV) developed geometric mean titers (GMT) of humoral antibody for each of the viruses as high or slightly higher than those of other groups of pigs that were vaccinated with inactivated monovalent vaccines containing one or the other of the same viruses. An increase in GMT after challenge exposure of vaccinated pigs to live virus indicated that vaccination did not prevent virus replication. However, an indication that replication was less extensive in vaccinated pigs was provided by the following. Although neither vaccinated nor nonvaccinated (control) pigs had clinical signs after exposure to the live PPV, the effect of vaccination was evident by the fact that GMT were higher in nonvaccinated pigs after exposure than they were in vaccinated pigs. Conversely, all pigs exposed to live PRV had clinical signs, but these signs varied between mild-to-moderate and transient for vaccinated pigs to severe and fatal for nonvaccinated pigs. 相似文献