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1.
Alleviation of Al Toxicity in Barley by Addition of Calcium   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  
The potential mechanism by which Ca alleviates Al toxicity was investigated in barley seedlings. It was found that 100 Al-alone treatment inhibited barley plant growth and thereby reduced shoot height and root length, and dry weights of root, shoot and leaf; promoted Al accumulation but inhibited Ca absorption in plant tissues; and induced an increase in the activities of superoxide dismutase （SOD）, catalase （CAT）, and peroxidase （POD） and in the level of lipid peroxidation （MDA content） in leaves. Except for the increase in Ca concentration in plant tissues, treatment with 0.5 mM Ca in the absence of Al had less effect on the above-mentioned parameters, compared with the control. Addition of Ca efficiently reduced Al toxicity, which is reflected by the promotion of plant growth, reduction in Al concentration and MDA content, increase in Ca concentration and in SOD, POD, and CAT activities compared with the Al-alone-treatment; with increase in Ca level （3.0 raM）, the ameliorative effect became more dominant. This indicated that the alleviation of aluminum toxicity in barley seedlings with Ca supplementation could be associated with less absorption of Al and the enhancement of the protective ability of the cell because of increased activity of the antioxidative enzyme.  相似文献   

2.
[Objective] This work was aimed to explore the mechanism of Hg2+ toxicity on plants.[Method]Activities of peroxidase(POD),catalase(CAT)and superoxide dismutase(SOD)were investigated in wheat(Triticum aestivum L.)seedlings under Hg2+ stress at different concentrations.[Result]① There were no obvious effects on the growth of seedlings when the concentration of Hg2+ was lower than 0.10 mmol/L.However,toxic effects on the growth of seedling were observed when the concentration of Hg2+ was higher than 0.10 mmol/L.② Different tissues showed different resistant ability in response to Hg2+ stress.The leaves and roots of wheat seedlings were more insensitive to Hg2+ toxicity.③ CAT was more sensitive to Hg2+ stress compared to POD and SOD.[Conclusion]The toxic effect was related to the concentration of Hg2+(0.10 mmol/L).The higher concentration of Hg2+ could affect the expression of POD,CAT,and SOD isozymes in the leaves,roots of wheat seedlings and germinated seeds,which further affect the normal metabolism of membrane lipid and inhibit the growth of wheat seedlings at last.  相似文献   

3.
The growth situation and peroxidase (POD) of seedlings of two tomato cultivars were investigated under the stress of different concentrations of Cu2+ and Cd2+. The toxicity differences of Cu2+ and Cd2+ to tomato seedlings and the corresponding differences between two tomato cultivars were observed through the stress trial with the above two heavy metal ions. The results showed that low concentration of Cu2+ and Cd2+ could promote the growth and could enhance the POD activity of tomato seedlings,while high concentration Cu2+ and Cd2+ could inhibit seedling growth and POD activity of tomato seedlings. Cd2+ functioned more obviously than that of Cu2+,two tomato cultivars also presented difference in response to heavy metal stress.  相似文献   

4.
[Objective] The study was to investigate the relationship between taurine and physiological activities of Lyium bararum seedlings. [Method] Through applying different concentrations of taurine(0, 10, 100, 500, 1 000, 5 000 mg/L), the photosynthetic rate(Pn), stomatal conductance(Gs), and the activities of membrane protective enzymes superoxide dismutase(SOD) and peroxidase (POD) in the treated L. bararum seedlings were measured. [Result] Treatment of proper taurine concentration could to some extent enhance Pn and increase the POD and SOD activities, and meanwhile decreased the Gs and MDA content. And the optimum application amount of taurine was determined to be 500 mg/L. [Conclusion] Proper concentration of taurine has protective effects on the cell membrane of L. bararum seedlings.  相似文献   

5.
To better understand the effect and mechanism of cold tolerant seed-coating agents on the cold tolerance of rice seedlings, the physiological and biochemical effects of four cold tolerant seed-coating agents （HET, YKJ, YKZYJ, and the ABA seed coating agents） on two early indica rice varieties were studied under chilling stress. The results showed that the rice seedlings treated with cold tolerant seed-coating agents under chilling stress maintained dramatically higher root vigor, POD, CAT and SOD activities, and chlorophyll content, had lower MDA content and electrolyte leakage, and accumulated more soluble sugar and free proline, when compared with the control without the treatment, and finally showed lower plant injury rate. It was indicated that the cold tolerant seed coating agent improved the ability of rice seedlings in resisting to chilling stress. YKZYJ was ranked the first in terms of the efficiency in cold tolerance among the four cold tolerant seed-coating agents tested.  相似文献   

6.
The present investigation was carried out to investigate the effect of heat stress and revival on some antioxidative enzymes and metabolites in leaves of the wheat （Triticum aestivum L.） seedlings of heat susceptible （cv. WH 147 and HS 277） and heat tolerant （cv. WH 1021 and HW 2045） cultivars. Seven days old seedlings grown at 25 ℃ were exposed to 40 ℃ for 6 h and these seedlings were again brought to 25 ℃. The observations were recorded in the leaves of control, stressed and revived seedlings on 2nd and 4th day of revival. For the selection ofthermo-tolerant cultivars, screening of the thirty-six cultivars was done based on wilting of primary leaf and values of chlorophyll fluorescence. The MDA （malondialdehyde） and H2O2 concentration in leaves of wheat seedlings increased at the high temperature. There was enhancement in the activities of antioxidative enzymes, viz. CAT （catalase）, POX （peroxidase）, GR （glutathione reductase） and APX （ascorbate peroxidase） in leaves of the tolerant and susceptible cultivars under heat stress, however, higher percent increase was observed in tolerant cultivars. Heat stress increased the SOD （superoxide dismutase） activity in tolerant cultivars but activity declined in susceptible cultivars. On revival, the activities of the CAT, POX and GR declined in comparison to stressed seedlings but remained higher as compared to control. Ascorbate peroxidase activity remained higher on 2nd day and 4th day of revival in all the cultivars.  相似文献   

7.
A field experiment was carded out to study genotypic difference in the effect of waterlogging on photosynthesis, chlorophyll content and antioxidative enzyme activities in barley. Waterlogging caused a rapid decline in net photosynthetic rate (Pn) and stomatal conductance (gs), and little change in chlorophyll content during early days of the treatment. A dramatic increase in malondialdehyde (MDA) content, superoxide dismutase (SOD) and peroxidase (POD) in waterlogged plants in the early days of the experiment was found, indicating the occurrence of oxidative stress in barley plants exposed to waterlogging. There was a highly significant difference in the changed extent of all these parameters among genotypes.Franklin and Yongjiahong Liuleng Damai, which were relatively sensitive to waterlogging in terms of growth, photosynthesis and chlorophyll content, accumulated much more MDA than the other two relatively tolerant genotypes (93-3143 and QS).After removal of waterlogging, the genotypic difference became much greater in recovering of these examined parameters.Yongjiahong Liuleng Damai showed higher recovery, while Franklin only recovered to 50% of the control at the 14 day after waterlogging removal. It may be concluded that it is the difference in anti-oxidative stress caused by waterlogging that account for the major difference in photosynthesis among barley genotypes.  相似文献   

8.
On the basis of the phytotron, the effects of high temperature （daily average temperature 25, 30, 35 and 40℃, respectively） on antioxidant enzymes and lipid peroxidation in flag leaves of wheat at 50% relative air moisture during grain fastest filling stage [19-21 days after anthesis （DAA）] were studied. The wheat cultivars tested were Yangmai 9 with weak-gluten and Yangmai 12 with medium-gluten. Compared with 25℃, the higher the temperature was, the higher was the MDA content in flag leaves, while lower were the SOD, POD, and CAT activities. SOD and CAT activities in Yangmai 12 appeared to be more sensitive to high temperature than that in Yangmai 9. But POD activity in Yangmai 12 was less sensitive to high temperature. MDA content in Yangmai 12 was higher than that in Yangmai 9. The 1000-grain weight declined with increase in temperature.  相似文献   

9.
The changes of malondialdehyde （MDA）, H2O2, and O2^7 content, or the activities of superoxide dismutase （SOD）, catalase （CAT）, ascrobate peroxidase （APX）, peroxidase （POD）, phenylalanine ammonia lyase （PAL）, and polyphenol oxidase （PPO） in pea seedlings （Pisum sativum L.） under wounding and treatment of exogenous jasmonic acid （JA） were investigated. The results showed that the activities of both phenylalanine ammonia lyase （PAL） and polyphenol oxidase （PPO） were significantly increased by wounding and application of JA. The metabolism of reaction oxidative species （ROS） was enhanced, especially O2^7 and H2O2 appeared to rapidly increase. The activities of antioxidant enzymes such as SOD, CAT, APX and POD were also increased. Treatment of JA of 1 or 10 μmol L^-1 could effectively induce plant defense response, and thus decrease the peroxidation of cell membrane lipid. However, high concentration of JA （100 μmol L^-1） resulted in unbalance of metabolism of ROS and promoted the peroxidation of cell membrane lipid. We thus suggested that JA, under the suitable concentration, could induce defense response of pea seedlings to wounding.  相似文献   

10.
[Objective] The study aimed to reveal the effects of hypergravity on salt tolerance of wheat seedlings. [Method] The seed germination rate (Gr) and germination index (Gi) of wheat seedlings were measured under hypergravity of 600×g or 1 000×g for 4 h and under the stress of 0.4% or 0.9% salt solution. The catalase (CAT) activity and malondialdehyde (MDA) content of wheat seedlings were also measured under 0.4% salt stress. [Result] Compared with seedlings in CK group (no hypergravity or salt stress),the Gr and Gi of the seedlings in salt stress treatment decreased to different extents; while the Gr and Gi of the seedlings in treatment group (hypergravity and salt stress) increased compared with that in salt stress group. CAT in seedlings of hypergravity treatment was higher than that of CK group and 0.4% salt treatment group,meanwhile the MDA showed an opposite result. [Conclusion] Hypergravity could enhance the salt resistance of wheat in specific range,and hypergravity of 600×g for 4 h performed better than that of 1 000×g for 4 h.  相似文献   

11.
The experiment was carried out to study the genotypic difference in the responses of seed germination, growth and physiological characters of rice seedlings to Cd toxicity. The result showed that the germination was slightly stimulated under low Cd concentration (0.01-1.5 mM Cd), while severely depressed under higher Cd concentration (2.0 mM). Rice seedlings exposed to 0.01 mM Cd showed slight increases in plant height, root volume, biomass and chlorophyll concentration. These parameters were significantly reduced when Cd level in the medium was increased to 0.5 mM, and meanwhile corresponding increase in superoxide dismutase (SOD) and peroxidase (POD) activities, and MDA (malondialdehyde) content was observed. However, SOD and POD activities declined when plants were exposed to 1 mM Cd when compared with those under 0.5 mM Cd. Cadmium addition lowered Fe, Cu and Mn concentrations in roots and shoots. There was significant genotypic difference in the response of these parameters to Cd stress. Under Cd stress, Xiushui 110 had the least inhibition of growth and increase in MDA content, higher shoot Cd concentration, and greatest increase in POD and SOD activities, indicating its higher tolerance to Cd toxicity, while Bing 9914 had the greatest reduction of growth, and Zn, Cu, Fe, and Mn contents, but greatest increase in MDA content, and least increase in activities of antioxidative enzymes, indicating its sensitivity to Cd toxicity.  相似文献   

12.
镉和锌对番茄幼苗抗氧化酶活性的影响   总被引：13，自引：0，他引：13  
采用水培试验,就不同浓度的Cd2 、Zn2 对番茄(Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.)幼苗生长和抗氧化酶活性的影响进行了研究.结果表明,随着Cd2 、Zn2 处理浓度的增加,番茄幼苗生长受到抑制,生物量积累下降.根系和叶片发生膜脂过氧化作用,丙二醛(MDA)含量增加.根系和叶片中的抗氧化酶活性升高,超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)和过氧化物酶(POD)活性上升.在低浓度时,酶活性变化相对平缓,高浓度下变化较快.叶片中POD活性变化最快.Cd2 对番茄幼苗的毒害性比Zn2 强.  相似文献   

13.
镉胁迫对红三叶种子萌发及幼苗生理特性的影响   总被引：7，自引：4，他引：7  
研究了不同Cd^2＋污染胁迫对红三叶种子发芽率、胚根/胚芽、抗氧化酶（SOD、POD、CAT）活性及膜脂过氧化产物MDA含量的影响.结果显示：轻度Cd^2＋污染胁迫对红三叶种子的萌发及胚根的生长、幼苗的SOD和CAT活性表现出了激活效应,但重度Cd^2＋污染胁迫和严重Cd^2＋污染胁迫却抑制了红三叶种子的萌发、胚根的生长及幼苗的SOD和CAT活性;而随着Cd^2＋污染胁迫的加剧,红三叶幼苗的POD活性、MDA含量是持续增高的.  相似文献   

14.
镉胁迫对小麦种子萌发和幼苗生长的影响   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  
樊明琴  李焰焰  苗杰  于海洋 《安徽农业科学》2010,38(26):14239-14241
以新麦18为材料,研究不同浓度Cd2＋对其种子萌发和幼苗生长的影响。结果表明,低浓度（2mg/L）Cd2＋可促进小麦种子萌发,而高浓度Cd2＋对小麦种子萌发具有抑制作用。随着Cd2＋处理浓度的升高,小麦幼苗叶绿素含量下降,超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）、过氧化物酶（POD）活性升高。但随着Cd2＋处理时间的延长,小麦幼苗SOD、POD活性下降,丙二醛（MDA）和脯氨酸（Pro）含量上升。  相似文献   

15.
为了探讨外源NO供体硝普钠对镉胁迫下水稻种子萌发受抑的缓解作用,研究10、30、50、100、200、500μmol/L硝普钠(SNP)对镉胁迫(100μmol/L)下水稻种子萌发、幼苗生长及相关生理指标的影响。结果表明,100μmol/L镉胁迫使水稻种子萌发和幼苗生长受到抑制,发芽势、发芽指数、活力系数、幼苗根长和芽长均显著降低,丙二醛(MDA)含量显著增加,SOD、G-POD、APX及CAT的活性明显受到抑制。较低浓度(≤100μmol/L)硝普钠处理能提高镉胁迫下水稻种子的发芽指数和活力指数,增加幼苗的根长、芽长、根和芽鲜重,增强SOD、G-POD和APX活性并降低MDA含量,从而缓解镉的毒害效应,其中以30μmol/L硝普钠处理效果最好。但随着硝普钠浓度的增大,其对镉胁迫的缓解效应逐渐减弱,当销普钠浓度达500μmol/L时,会加剧镉胁迫的毒害作用。  相似文献   

16.
为探讨重金属及酸胁迫下枫香种子和幼苗的生理响应,设置不同浓度的Pb、Cd及酸胁迫试验,测定不同胁迫处理下枫香种子萌发、幼苗生长、抗氧化酶等指标。结果表明:Pb、Cd对枫香种子发芽率无显著影响(P0.05),但对幼苗的生长有显著的抑制效应(P0.05);随Pb胁迫浓度的增加,枫香种子超氧化物岐化酶(SOD)活性下降,第10 d过氧化物酶(POD)、及第4、7 d过氧化氢酶(CAT)活性均呈多项式变化,表现为"升高-降低-升高"的趋势;Cd胁迫显著提高枫香种子的SOD和CAT活性,发芽初期(4 d)POD活性受到抑制,但随胁迫时间延长POD活性显著升高;pH4.5、pH5.5对枫香种子的发芽指数、幼苗生长均有促进的作用;随pH值减小,胁迫第7 d的POD活性及第10 d的POD、CAT活性均显著增加。随胁迫时间的增加,在强酸条件下萌发初中期,枫香种子通过增加POD活性清除体内H2O2对细胞的氧化损伤;丙二醛(MDA)含量整体表现出上升趋势,未萌发种子的MDA含量显著高于胁迫处理(P0.05),说明胁迫造成枫香种子膜脂过氧化严重。综上,CAT活性变化是枫香种子响应Pb、Cd和酸胁迫的主要策略,SOD在枫香种子适应Cd胁迫、POD在枫香种子适应Pb和酸胁迫过程中也发挥了一定作用。  相似文献   

17.
黄希莲  魏菲 《湖北农业科学》2012,51(14):2929-2931
研究水杨酸(SA)对Cd2+胁迫下小麦种子萌发及幼苗生长的影响,以及叶绿素含量、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活力、过氧化物酶(POD)活力及丙二醛(MDA)含量的变化.结果表明,在Cd2+胁迫下小麦种子发芽率、平均根长和平均芽长都受到抑制,且Cd2+浓度越高抑制程度越大,同时小麦的SOD、POD活力升高,叶绿体含量下降,MDA含量升高.SA处理提高了在Cd2+胁迫下小麦的种子发芽率、平均根长、平均芽长和叶绿素含量,并进一步提高了SOD、POD活力,降低了MDA含量.SA能在一定程度上减轻Cd2+对小麦种子及幼苗的伤害.  相似文献   

18.
以耐镉性不同的两个水稻品种（水稻秀水63和秀水09）为试验材料,采用溶液培养方法,研究不同浓度镉（0、1、5、10、25、50、100μmol/L-1）对水稻幼苗生长和生理特性的影响。结果表明：随Cd浓度增加水稻幼苗生长明显受抑,株高、叶绿素含量、叶片干重明显下降,且秀水63的下降幅度大于秀水09。总体上,脯氨酸含量、超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）、过氧化物酶（POD）活性均呈上升趋势,其中,在较低浓度Cd胁迫下,秀水63叶片中脯氨酸含量、POD活性增加幅度较大,而在较高浓度Cd胁迫下,秀水09的增加幅度较大。过氧化氢酶（CAT）活性表现为先上升后下降。丙二醛（MDA）含量随着Cd胁迫浓度的提高而增加, 且增加幅度秀水63大于秀水09。从实验结果表明,秀水09对Cd胁迫的抗性大于秀水63。  相似文献   

19.
为研究镉(Cd)和磷(P)交互作用对白骨壤幼苗体内Cd亚细胞分布和生理特性的影响,以一年生白骨壤幼苗为试验材料,采用差速离心法提取不同亚细胞组分,氮蓝四唑法、愈创木酚法、分光光度法和考马斯亮蓝G-250法分别测定超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、过氧化物酶(POD)活性和叶绿素、蛋白质含量。结果表明:随着Cd浓度的增加,白骨壤幼苗体内各亚细胞组分的Cd含量逐渐增加,其中细胞壁和可溶性组分中Cd含量增加较多,就分布而言,大部分的Cd(占整个植株的65.23%~96.92%)分布于白骨壤幼苗的根部。Cd集中分布于根中,表明细胞壁的固定及液泡区室化是白骨壤幼苗对Cd的解毒机制之一。研究也发现:外源P能促使Cd向液泡转移,同时提升了植株的抗氧化能力,表现为白骨壤植株SOD、POD活性增加、叶绿素和蛋白质含量升高。外源P能够缓解Cd对红树植物白骨壤的影响,增强白骨壤对Cd的耐受能力。  相似文献   

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