共查询到18条相似文献,搜索用时 198 毫秒
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我国林木遗传改良进展综述 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
收集了大量资料,对我国林木遗传改良研究在种源选择、种子园营建及多世代改良技术、无性系选育技术、森林种质资源保存技术、生物技术及计算机软件开发等方面作了详细的论述,并提出了我国林木遗传育种研究今后的努力方向. 相似文献
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台山湿地松(Pinus elliottii)改良种子园营建于1988—1997 年,为评价该种子园无性系的遗传品质,项目组在种子园内采集无性系的自由授粉种子并营建子代测定林。文章根据1 块营建在台山市红岭种子园的湿地松子代测定林4、13、18 a 的生长性状数据,分析了改良种子园的现实增益,评价建园无性系的选择效果,选择新一轮的育种亲本,结果如下:3 个年份数据分析结果均显示,在生长量方面,改良种子园子代显著甚至极显著大于湿地松一代种子园子代,18 a 生时,树高、胸径、单株材积的平均现实增益分别为3.09%、4.70%、15.08%;根据单株材积育种值选择出优良亲本无性系6 个,其育种值介于0.050 5~0.186 1 m3,其中有5 个亲本无性系的遗传品质已得到多次验证,可以作为新一轮的育种亲本甚至是核心育种亲本;新选优树15 株,其单株材积育种值介于0.114 9~0.276 9 m3,可充实到新一轮的育种群体中。 相似文献
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《林业与环境科学》2020,(4)
台山湿地松(Pinus elliottii)改良种子园营建于1988—1997年,为评价该种子园无性系的遗传品质,项目组在种子园内采集无性系的自由授粉种子并营建子代测定林。文章根据1块营建在台山市红岭种子园的湿地松子代测定林4、13、18 a的生长性状数据,分析了改良种子园的现实增益,评价建园无性系的选择效果,选择新一轮的育种亲本,结果如下:3个年份数据分析结果均显示,在生长量方面,改良种子园子代显著甚至极显著大于湿地松一代种子园子代,18 a生时,树高、胸径、单株材积的平均现实增益分别为3.09%、4.70%、15.08%;根据单株材积育种值选择出优良亲本无性系6个,其育种值介于0.050 5~0.186 1 m~3,其中有5个亲本无性系的遗传品质已得到多次验证,可以作为新一轮的育种亲本甚至是核心育种亲本;新选优树15株,其单株材积育种值介于0.114 9~0.276 9 m~3,可充实到新一轮的育种群体中。 相似文献
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中国林木种子园建设与管理技术探讨 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
《西部林业科学》2016,(2)
从建园时种子园园址选择、优良亲本的选择、优良无性系或家系选择和配置以及种子园经营管理等几个方面探讨中国种子园发展现状,深入分析种子园建设与管理存在的重要问题,提出今后研究中应关注以下几个方面:种子园亲本和园址选择的重要性;优良家系或无性系配置应同时兼顾遗传多样性与遗传增益;种子园经营管理中应树立良种价值观,注重种子产量和品质的保障;种子园发展中应重视分子育种与常规育种的有效结合。 相似文献
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<正>油松是我省山地造林的主要树种,近十多年来,先后采用表型选择的优树营建初级种子园达1000多亩。为了进一步改善种子的遗传品质,提高选择育种的效果和开展多世代育种,我们对优树进行了子代测定。 相似文献
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经过3个连续5年的协作攻关研究,马尾松遗传改良和良种生产获得了重大进展。本文简要介绍在地理变异和种源选择、生产群体和育种群体建设、无性繁殖和无性系育林、工业用材树种定向选育、育种策略和一些基础性研究方面的主要成就,对种源研究和推广、有种区划分、优良基因资源保护和利用、建园技术和种子生产、造纸材定向选育、抗性育种、遗传参数估算、基因型与环境互作、早期选择、育种计划和方案制定等诸多领域中存在的问题进行 相似文献
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山东省针叶树种(球果类)遗传改良及评价 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
山东省林木遗传改良从建国后可以分成初始阶段(50~60年代)、全面发展阶段(70~80年代)和常规育种与生物技术相结合阶段(90年代以后)。近35年来山东林业科技针叶树遗传改良论文占3.06%,总体呈下降的趋势。本文对我省针叶树育种场建设、种源试验和种源选择、优树选择、杂交育种、子代测定、良种快繁技术、针叶树遗传改良项目、成果及品种等进行了回顾。同时对针叶树遗传改良策略、种源选择、种子园与遗传增益、现代育种技术在针叶树遗传改良上的应用和杂交育种等进行了讨论。 相似文献
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本文结合黑龙江省实际情况,论述了黑龙江省现已具备良种繁育条件,建造了一批母树林及种子园.积累了一定的经验,为提高基地供种率和良种使用率,需分地域建立4个用材林育种区。 相似文献
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《Scandinavian Journal of Forest Research》2012,27(2):88-98
Abstract The effect of various biological, genetic, economic and management factors relevant to advanced generation seed orchard establishment was investigated using numerical estimates for Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) in Sweden. Factors considered were planting density, rate of genetic advance in the breeding population, timing of first seed collection, seed value, seed production cost (stratified to establishment, annual management, cone harvest and seed extraction), orchard rotation age and contamination level. The developed model demonstrated its utility in studying and evaluating various economic and biological options associated with advanced generation seed orchard establishment/turnover. Sensitivity analyses demonstrated the robustness of the developed model through various arbitrarily changes in genetic gain advances, establishment, management and seed production, particularly those associated with cone harvests from upper crown and costs. The Swedish Scots pine case study produced results supporting faster turnover of seed orchard generations (30 vs 40 years) with shorter orchard lifespan (early start of seed cone after 8 years vs 15 years) delivering higher gain through minimizing the genetic gain differential between the breeding and production populations and allowing the capture of this gain for inclusion in the seed orchards. Orchard planting densities of 400 and 600 grafts per hectare produced similar results with marginal differences, and the latter was recommended for future orchard establishment. 相似文献
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我国林木良种繁育现状及发展趋势 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
文章对我国林木良种繁育的现状及发展趋势进行了综合评述。从80年代起,我国进行了大规模的林木良种基地建设,并对40多个主要造林树种,开展了不同水平的遗传改良,取得了显著成效。林木良种繁育工作,充分利用种源、林分和个体选择的结果,按照自然区划和树种特点,建立不同层次的种子生产基地。当前存在的主要问题是园址选择不尽合适,繁殖材料选择、配置不当,经营管理粗放,产量较低,在种子园建设中,对实生种子园有所忽略 相似文献
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Seed orchards should produce seeds that are both abundant and of high genetic value. This study suggests methods to achieve such a compromise and study their efficiency. The methods were applied on data obtained from 41 seed orchard clones of Scots pine from mid-Sweden. The value of the seed orchard crop was set as a function of its breeding value, the amount of seeds produced and their gene diversity, measured as the effective number of clones. The proportion of ramets of different clones that maximized this value was regarded as the optimum for deployment of the clones in a seed orchard. The results were compared with truncation selection for breeding value, truncation selection for clone benefit (the product of seed production and breeding value) and linear deployment (where ramets are deployed linearly in relation to breeding value). The influence of two parameters was studied: the relative importance of breeding value for seed value and the size of the penalty for reducing the value of the seed crop with respect to lost gene diversity. The conventional wisdom is to select the clones with the highest breeding values, but that turned out to be the most inferior alternative studied. Clone benefit truncation provided a good approximation to optimal benefit for cases, where the effective number was low and dependence of breeding value limited. 相似文献