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1.
Immunohistochemistry for E-cadherin (ECAD) has been used to distinguish canine cutaneous histiocytoma from other leukocytic neoplasms ("round cell tumors"). To determine the specificity of this test, 5 types of canine cutaneous round cell tumors were evaluated for immunohistochemical expression of ECAD. Tumors of all 5 types had variable cytoplasmic, plasma membrane, and/or paranuclear ECAD expression: All 13 cutaneous histiocytomas were ECAD+; all but 1 of 14 mast cell tumors expressed ECAD; 10 of 12 epitheliotropic lymphomas reacted with E-cadherin antibody; of 72 plasmacytomas, 54 were ECAD+; and 5 of 5 histiocytic sarcomas were positive. Conclusions based on these results include the following: First, immunoreactivity for ECAD is not limited to leukocytes of cutaneous histiocytoma; second, antibody to ECAD also labels neoplastic cells in most mast cell tumors, plasmacytomas, cutaneous histiocytic sarcomas, and epitheliotropic lymphomas; third, although most histiocytomas have membranous ECAD expression, the immunoreactivity varies among round cell tumors and is frequently concurrent in different cellular compartments; fourth, the distinctively paranuclear ECAD expression pattern in epitheliotropic lymphomas might distinguish them from other round cell tumors; and, fifth, ECAD should be used with other markers (eg, MUM1 for plasmacytomas, KIT for mast cell tumors, CD3 and CD79a for lymphomas) to distinguish among canine round cell tumors.  相似文献   

2.
Extramedullary plasmacytomas were studied in 29 dogs. The site at which tumors occurred and the age and sex of the dogs were similar to those in previous reports. The skin of the digits, chin, ear, and lip represented the most common (17/29) tumor sites. Males and females were equally represented, and tumors occurred in middle-aged to old dogs (mean age, 9.0 years). A breed predilection was seen in the Cocker Spaniel (n = 7; 24%); Cocker Spaniels represented only 4% (210/4,725) of the submissions during the same period. Tumors were stained with immunohistochemical markers (lambda light chain, K light chain) and thioflavine T. Immunoreactivity was limited to either lambda or K light chains, consistent with a monoclonal plasma cell population. The majority of tumors expressed lambda light chains, consistent with previously reported canine plasma cell dyscrasias. Thioflavine T cytoplasmic fluorescence was seen in the majority (18/29) of plasmacytomas and with inflammatory plasma cells present in control specimens. Other round cell neoplasms (lymphosarcoma, histiocytoma, and mastocytoma) were negative with thioflavine T, indicating that positive staining with thioflavine T was specific for plasma cells (neoplastic and inflammatory). This study confirms by immunohistochemistry that canine extramedullary plasmacytomas disproportionately express lambda light chains and establishes thioflavine T staining as a rapid histochemical method for diagnosis of these tumors.  相似文献   

3.
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4.
Multiple myeloma oncogene 1/interferon regulatory factor 4 (MUM1/IRF4) is involved in lymphoid cell differentiation, particularly in the production of plasma cells. We examined the immunoreactivity of mouse monoclonal antibody Mum-1p to MUM1/IRF4 and compared it with expression of CD79a and CD20 in 109 plasmacytomas in 107 dogs. Tissues had been fixed in formalin and embedded in paraffin. One hundred one of 109 (93.5%) tumors were positive for MUM1/IRF4. The staining was nuclear with weak cytoplasmic reaction. Fifty-nine of 105 (56.2%) plasmacytomas were positive for CD79a; only 21 of 108 (19.4%) cases were positive for CD20. MUM1/IRF4 staining was performed on 139 other tumors including B- and T-cell lymphomas, histiocytic proliferations, mast cell tumors, and melanocytic tumors. The only MUM1/IRF4-positive nonplasmacytic tumors were 10 B-cell lymphomas and 1 anaplastic lymphoma. We conclude the following: 1) Antibody Mum-1p is very specific for canine plasmacytomas, 2) antibody Mum-1p is superior in sensitivity and specificity to CD79a and CD20 for the identification of canine plasmacytomas in formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissues, 3) canine lymphomas that express MUM1/IRF4 are few and usually of B-cell origin, 4) other canine leukocytic and melanocytic tumors do not express MUM1/IRF4, and 5) prospective studies are needed to determine whether the expression of MUM1/IRF4, particularly in lymphomas, has prognostic significance.  相似文献   

5.
The morphological features of iridociliary epithelial tumors in 100 dogs and 17 cats were reviewed. Twenty-seven cases were in either Golden Retrievers or Labrador Retrievers. Affected globes were stained for light microscopy with alcian blue, periodic acid Schiff (PAS) and hematoxylin and eosin stains. Selected tissues were examined by immunohistochemistry for vimentin, desmin, cytokeratin, S-100, neuron-specific enolase (NSE), and glial fibrillary acid protein (GFAP). The presence or absence of hyaluronic acid was recorded by staining with alcian blue before and after digestion of the tissue with hyaluronidase. Canine tumors were divided into papillary and solid tumors based on the pattern of growth. Twenty-eight of 57 papillary tumors exhibited invasive behavior including eight of the 57 which showed infiltration of the sclera. Twenty-nine of 43 solid tumors were invasive including 13 of 43 with scleral invasion. Tumors with scleral invasion were designated adenocarcinoma. Tumors of both types could be pigmented or nonpigmented and often contained smooth basement membranes reminiscent of the inner membrane of the nonpigmented ciliary body epithelial cell. All of the feline tumors were nonpigmented and 14 of 16 feline tumors were solid and two of the tumors were papillary. Eighteen of 20 canine tumors and three of four feline tumors stained positive for vimentin. Cytokeratin stain was positive only in a few of the highly aggressive tumors. The finding of pigmented epithelial cells, thick, smooth basement membrane structures, positive staining for vimentin, S-100, and NSE as well as hyaluronic acid deposition were considered to be features which define iridociliary epithelial tumors in dogs. The positive staining for vimentin and NSE are highly specific markers which help to characterize iridociliary epithelium and distinguish this tumor from metastatic epithelial tumors. The finding of solid nonpigmented tumors with small epithelial cells packeted by thin PAS-positive membranes staining positive for vimentin were considered significant features defining iridociliary epithelial tumors in cats. Follow-up information on survival and cause of death was obtained on 43 canine cases and only two feline cases. The average follow-up interval in dogs was 25 months and only two dogs died with lesions that could have been due to metastasis although neither was confirmed. We concluded that neither iridociliary adenomas nor adenocarcinomas is likely to metastasize.  相似文献   

6.
The clinical, light microscopic and ultrastructural features of twelve cases of primary cutaneous plasmacytomas are described (11 dogs and one cat). The tumours were solitary in all but one case, tended to grow rapidly but did not recur after removal and had a predilection for the feet, lips and ear canal. Primary cutaneous plasmacytomas should be considered in the differential diagnosis of round cell tumours of the canine and feline skin. They appear to be benign tumours unrelated to the malignant disease of myelomatosis.  相似文献   

7.
BACKGROUND: Immunocytochemical techniques are a potentially valuable diagnostic tool to support cytologic diagnosis in dogs. However, detailed studies of staining patterns and intensity in cytologic specimens of mesenchymal tumor types are lacking. OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to evaluate commercially available antibodies against human proteins for use in the characterization of canine tumors of mesenchymal origin in cytologic samples. METHODS: Immunocytochemical staining was performed on air-dried imprint specimens of biopsies obtained from 103 mesenchymal neoplasms and 14 metastatic lesions from 98 dogs. All specimens were stained with anti-cytokeratin AE1/AE3 and vimentin. Based on the histologic diagnosis, tumors of muscle, endothelial, histiocytic, and melanocytic origin also were stained with cell-specific antibodies. Staining intensity was subjectively graded and the percentage of positive tumor cells was estimated. RESULTS: All mesenchymal tumors and metastases, with the exception of mesotheliomas, were vimentin-positive and cytokeratin-negative; mesotheliomas (n=6) were positive for both vimentin and cytokeratin. Tumors of muscle (n=5), endothelial (n=15), and histiocytic (n=18) origin stained moderately to strongly positive in a majority of tumor cells with desmin, von Willebrand factor, and lysozyme, respectively. Malignant melanomas (n=15) had variable staining and a variable percentage of positive cells with Melan-A and S100. CONCLUSIONS: Our results indicate that immunocytochemical staining of canine cytologic specimens is a reliable and sensitive technique that may be of benefit for the differentiation of poorly differentiated mesenchymal tumors and metastases. Additional study is needed to assess the specificity of immunocytochemical stains in mesenchymal tumors.  相似文献   

8.
Seventeen cutaneous and oral tumours with light microscopic features of plasmacytomas from 16 dogs were studied. Clinically, most neoplasms were benign, although three recurred after excision and three were locally invasive. Tumours most often arose on the pinnae, digits, gingiva, and inguinal regions near areas of chronic inflammation and exhibited variable degrees of plasmacytic differentiation microscopically. Diagnosis of plasmacytoma was confirmed in paraffin-embedded tissues with a panel of leukocyte differentiation antigen markers that included cross-reactive antibodies for Mb-1 (CD79a), CD3, and vimentin and canine-specific antibodies for CD45RA and CD18. Immunoreactivity for Mb-1 and CD45RA, including staining of multinucleate cells and cells with karyomegaly, confirmed a B-cell origin of neoplasms, while staining for CD3 and CD18 revealed an extensive network of infiltrative T-cells and dendritic cells in tumours suggestive of a directed immune response. These findings (i) demonstrate the value of using a panel of antibodies for leukocyte antigens to differentiate plasmacytomas from other cutaneous and oral round cell tumours, and (ii) suggest that immune recognition and responsiveness within tumours may play a role in the behaviour of plasmacytomas in dogs by affecting tumour cell growth and differentiation.  相似文献   

9.
Primary testicular tumors are the most common causes of cancer in male dogs. Overall, the majority of canine patients should be cured by testicular surgery. However, tumor markers are not well-known in veterinary medicine. We sought to determine using immunohistochemistry whether the combined human testicular tumor markers (placental alkaline phosphatase, OCT3/4, CD30, alpha-fetoprotein, inhibin-alpha, vimentin, c-KIT, and desmin) are expressed in canine seminomas and Sertoli cell tumors (SCTs). We examined 35 canine testicular tumors, 20 seminomas and 15 SCTs. c-KIT was expressed markedly in canine seminomas. Both inhibin-alpha and vimentin were expressed significantly in canine SCTs. The results of this study demonstrate differences and similarities between tumor marker expression of testicular tumors in dogs and humans. All the main markers in current routine use are discussed as well as potential useful markers for benign and malignant tumors, and tumor progression.  相似文献   

10.
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11.
Background

Canine mammary tumors (CMTs) are one of the most common malignancies in dogs and are associated with significant mortality. Serum tumor markers and non-coding microRNAs have gained widespread popularity in human oncology studies. The present study has two aims, first one is to investigate the miR-21 expression compared with changes in serum tumor markers (CEA and CA15-3) in CMT. The second aim is to detect the immunohistochemistry markers as vimentin, P63, and -SMA in CMT.

Methods

This study enrolled 17 female dogs: 10 with mammary tumors and seven controls without tumors. Blood samples were collected to measure miR-21, CEA, and CA 15-3, and histological samples were prepared for histological grading and immunohistochemistry.

Results

CA 15-3 was elevated in all animals, whereas CEA levels showed no change compared with controls. miR-21 was upregulated 12.84-fold in animals with CMT. The most frequently recorded CMT was the mixed type. Myoepithelial cells were identified by P63 immunoreactivity, but not SMA. High expression of miR-21 was observed with positive vimentin immunoreactivity, indicating the mesenchymal origin of the tumor cells.

Conclusion

The present study showed that miR-21 was elevated to a greater extent than CA 15-3 (12.84-fold vs. threefold). Tumors that was positive for vimentin immunoreactivity was also associated with an elevation in the levels of miR-21, showing that miR-21 is released from mesenchymal cells. These findings support the hypothesis that miR-21 may be a more sensitive, noninvasive indicator for CMT.

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12.
Thirty-one primary canine pancreatic endocrine tumors and their metastases were studied histologically and immunohistochemically for the presence of insulin, glucagon, somatostatin, pancreatic polypeptide (PP), gastrin, and adrenocorticotrophic hormone (ACTH). Tumors were also evaluated for the presence of amyloid. The cytoarchitectural pattern of 25 of 31 primary tumors was predominantly solid, whereas three tumors were mostly glandular, two were unclassified, and one had a gyriform pattern. Cells with insulin immunoreactivity were found in 30 of 31 tumors and were found in all cases in which there was clinical evidence of inappropriate insulin secretion. Insulin was the only hormone demonstrable in three of the 30 tumors, but cells immunoreactive for other hormones were also present in various combinations in most tumors [i.e., glucagon (13 of 30), somatostatin (17 of 30), PP (25 of 30), and gastrin (2 of 30)]. One tumor contained only cells with glucagon and PP immunoreactivity. Amyloid was found in ten of 31 primary tumors but was not detected in metastases. Cells with insulin immunoreactivity were the only cell type consistently present in tumors containing amyloid. Amyloid deposits did not immunoreact with any of the antisera. Seventeen of 31 dogs had metastasis of the pancreatic endocrine tumor to regional lymph nodes, liver, or both. All metastases available for study (15 of 17) contained cells with insulin immunoreactivity and some contained cells with PP or somatostatin immunoreactivity. No statistically significant (P greater than 0.05) differences in tendency to metastasize were found when pancreatic endocrine tumors were compared by region of origin, cytoarchitectural pattern, presence of amyloid, or by number of hormones contained within the tumor.  相似文献   

13.
Seventeen cases of canine peripheral nerve sheath tumors (PNSTs), 11 malignant PNSTs (MPNSTs), and six benign PNSTs (BPNSTs) were examined. The prognosis in five of six dogs with BPNSTs was excellent, whereas all dogs with MPNSTs died within 2 years after the last surgical resection. One BPNST formed a recurrent mass with features of a MPNST. Histopathologically, the predominant tumor cell of MPNSTs was either spindle or round in shape with epithelioid characteristics. Other atypical cells had abundant granular cytoplasm or were multinucleated giant cells with periodic acid-Schiff-positive cytoplasmic globules. Furthermore, two MPNSTs contained cartilaginous and osseous metaplasia. On the contrary, most BPNSTs exhibited typical features of schwannoma or neurofibroma, whereas two BPNSTs had atypical morphology. One BPNST consisted of epithelioid cell proliferation with some tumor cells revealing nuclear atypia. Immunohistochemically, the expression of vimentin (100%), S-100 (73%), nerve growth factor receptor (NGFR, 64%), and myoglobin (64%) was commonly found in MPNSTs. The two BPNSTs with atypical histologic appearances were positive for vimentin, S-100, NGFR, and neuron-specific enolase, and one of these had moderate immunoreactivity for cytokeratin. Most BPNSTs were positive for glial fibrillary acidic protein, as well as S-100 and NGFR. Although most rhabdomyosarcomas (RMSs) and canine hemangiopericytomas (CHPs) also showed focal immunoreactivity for S-100, most RMSs were intensely positive for myoglobin and negative for NGFR. Most CHPs (80%) exhibited focal alpha-smooth muscle actin (alpha-SMA) expression, whereas all PNSTs were negative. These results indicate that immunohistochemistry for NGFR and alpha-SMA might be useful for differentiating canine PNSTs from RMSs or CHPs, respectively.  相似文献   

14.
Eighty-three canine cutaneous mast cell tumors were graded histologically and evaluated immunohistochemically for p53 tumor-suppressor protein expression. An avidin-biotin immunohistochemical protocol incorporated a rabbit polyclonal antibody (CM-1) directed against normal and mutant p53 protein. Positive staining was observed in 44.6% (37/83) of tumors and included 50% (12/24) of grade I (well differentiated) tumors, 46.9% (23/49) of grade II (intermediate differentiation) tumors, and 20% (2/10) of grade III (poorly differentiated) tumors. A statistically significantly higher proportion (P < 0.019) of tumors from the head and neck (83.3%, 10/12), stained positive for p53 than tumors from the thorax, back, abdomen, and axilla (39.4%, 13/33), legs (35.7%, 10/28), or prepuce, scrotal, or inguinal areas (44.4%, 4/9). No statistically significant difference between p53 labeling and histologic grade, breed, or tumor size was present. Survival data were available for 53/83 (63.9%) of dogs. Positive reactivity for p53 was observed in 47% (25/53) of tumors within this group, with 57.9% (11/19) of grade I, 43.3% (13/30) of grade II, and 25% (1/4) of grade III tumors labeled. Mean survival time for the 53 dogs was 12.1 months. The median survival time for dogs with grade III tumors or tumors >5 cm was statistically significantly shorter (P < 0.0001) than for dogs with grades I and II or smaller tumors. Although p53 protein abnormalities may play a role in tumor development or behavior in some canine cutaneous mast cell tumors, immunoreactivity was not associated with lack of tumor differentiation, tumor locations previously shown to demonstrate aggressive biological behavior, breed predisposition, or survival times.  相似文献   

15.
Cutaneous plasmacytomas associated with local deposition of amyloid were diagnosed by light microscopy in a series of six older dogs (mean age 10.7 years) consisting of two Cocker Spaniels, a Poodle, a Weimeraner, and two mixed-breed dogs. The neoplasms occurred on the digits (2 dogs), forelimb (2 dogs), lip (1 dog), and ear (1 dog). In most cases, groups of neoplastic plasma cells were widely separated by large homogeneous islands of amyloid. The neoplastic cells had characteristic plasmacytoid features, but the degree of pleomorphism varied greatly between different neoplasms. In four of the six tumors, the diagnosis of plasmacytoma was confirmed by the demonstration of a monoclonal plasma cell population using immunofluorescent staining for anti-canine immunoglobulins. In these tumors, the neoplastic cells reacted with only one class of immunoglobulins (IgG). The amyloid did not react with any of the reagents used. The suspicion that the amyloid was of immunoglobulin origin (primary amyloid) was supported by its retention of birefringence under polarized light after treatment with potassium permanganate and staining with Congo red.  相似文献   

16.
OBJECTIVE: To determine whether immunohistochemical detection of proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) and Ki-67 correlated with prognosis for dogs with cutaneous mast cell tumors (MCT). DESIGN: Case series. ANIMALS: 120 dogs with solitary cutaneous MCT that were excised. PROCEDURE: Information on signalment, history, and outcome was obtained by sending a questionnaire to referring veterinarians. Tumors were graded histologically, and immunohistochemical staining for Ki-67 and PCNA was performed. RESULTS: Survival rates 12, 18, and 24 months after surgery were significantly different among groups when dogs were grouped on the basis of histologic grade. Although mean number of PCNA-positive nuclei/1,000 tumor nuclei was significantly higher for dogs that died of MCT than for those that survived, there was great overlap in values. Mean number of Ki-67-positive nuclei/1,000 tumor nuclei was significantly higher for dogs that died of MCT than for those that survived, without any overlap in values between groups, and number of Ki-67-positive nuclei/1,000 tumor nuclei was significantly different among groups when tumors were grouped on the basis of histologic grades. For dogs with grade-II tumors, number of Ki-67-positive nuclei/1,000 tumor nuclei (< 93 vs > or = 93) was significantly associated with outcome (survived vs died). CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Results suggest that for dogs with solitary cutaneous MCT, determining number of Ki-67-positive nuclei may be useful in predicting prognosis, particularly for dogs with grade-II tumors.  相似文献   

17.
Perivascular wall tumors (PWTs) are defined as neoplasms deriving from mural cells of blood vessels, excluding the endothelial lining. The spectrum of human cutaneous PWT includes glomus tumor, hemangiopericytoma (HEP), myopericytoma, angioleiomyoma/sarcoma, angiomyofibroblastoma, and angiofibroma. The purpose of this study was to revise clinical presentation, cytology, histopathology, and immunohistology of canine cutaneous PWT with cytology typical of canine HEP. Diagnosis was established on the basis of vascular growth patterns (staghorn, placentoid, perivascular whorling, bundles from media) and immunohistology, including 7 smooth muscle markers and the cell membrane ganglioside of unknown origin recognized by the antibody 3G5 (CMG-3G5). Twenty cases were included. Ages ranged from 6 to 13 years; 12 dogs were males and 8 were females, and there was a prevalence of crossbreeds. Tumors arose from a single site with preferential acral location (10/20). Cytology revealed moderate to high cellularity in all cases, cohesive groups of cells (19/20), capillaries (18/20), and bi- to multinucleated cells (18/20). Six myopericytomas, 5 angioleiomyomas, 2 angioleiomyosarcomas, 2 HEP, 1 angiofibroma, and 1 adventitial tumor were identified. A definitive diagnosis was not possible in 3 cases. Smoothelin, heavy caldesmon, desmin, myosin, calponin, and CMG-3G5 were the most valuable markers to differentially diagnose canine PWT. Similar to reports in humans, canine HEP embodied a spectrum of neoplastic entities arising from different vascular mural cells. Before canine PWTs are assimilated into one prognostic category, a consistent classification and characterization of their biology is necessary. As proposed in humans, HEP should also be considered a diagnosis of exclusion in dogs.  相似文献   

18.
Classes of antibody bound to erythrocytes were determined using direct immunofluorescence (DIF) flow cytometry in 3 horses and 12 dogs with immune-mediated hemolytic anemia (IMHA). Background levels of antibody binding were determined in samples from 12 horses and 12 dogs that were free of clinical disease. The range of nonspecific binding of a fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC)-conjugated goat anti-equine immunoglobulin G (IgG) was 19.9–36.7%, but was eliminated by the use of the F(ab)2 fragment of FITC-conjugated goat anti-equine IgG. Background binding by other class-specific antibodies to equine and canine erythrocytes was negligible. The DIF results were compared to the direct antiglobulin (Coombs) test in 5 horses and 20 dogs with anemia. The former assay was more sensitive in dogs with IMHA than was the Coombs' test (100% versus 58%). In contrast, the Coombs' test had better specificity than the DIF assay (100% versus 87.5%, respectively). Using clinical parameters or response to therapy as the comparison, the positive and negative predictive values for the DIF test were 92% and 100% compared to the values of the Coombs' test of 100% and 62%. The DIF assay detected low levels of cells bound with antibody (<30%) in 5 dogs that were Coombs' test-negative. For both species, performance of the DIF test was independent of the prozone effect. Five dogs with IMHA had IgG and IgM on erythrocytes, 5 had IgG, and 2 had IgM. Three horses had surface-bound IgG, including a horse with suspected penicillin-induced IMHA, a foal with neonatal isoerythrolysis, and a foal with clostridial septicemia. The DIF method was valuable in monitoring the response to therapy in the foal with neonatal isoerythrolysis.  相似文献   

19.
Cutaneous mast cell tumors (MCTs) are one of the most common tumors in dogs. Currently, prognostic and therapeutic determinations for MCTs are primarily based on the histologic grade of the tumor, but a vast majority of MCTs are of an intermediate grade, and the prognostic relevance is highly questioned. A more detailed prognostic evaluation, especially of grade 2 canine MCTs, is greatly needed. To evaluate the prognostic significance of KIT and tryptase expression patterns in canine cutaneous MCTs, we studied 100 cutaneous MCTs from 100 dogs that had been treated with surgery only. The total survival and disease-free survival time and the time to local or distant recurrence of MCTs were recorded for all dogs. Using immunohistochemistry, 98 of these MCTs were stained with anti-KIT and antitryptase antibodies. Three KIT- and three tryptase-staining patterns were identified. The KIT-staining patterns were identified as 1) membrane-associated staining, 2) focal to stippled cytoplasmic staining with decreased membrane-associated staining, and 3) diffuse cytoplasmic staining. The tryptase-staining patterns were identified as 1) diffuse cytoplasmic staining, 2) stippled cytoplasmic staining, and 3) little to no cytoplasmic staining. Based on univariate and multivariate survival analysis, increased cytoplasmic KIT staining was significantly associated with an increased rate of local recurrence and a decreased survival rate. The tryptase-staining patterns were not significantly associated with any survival parameter. On the basis of these results, we propose a new prognostic classification of canine cutaneous MCTs, according to their KIT-staining pattern, that can be used for the routine prognostic evaluation of canine cutaneous MCTs.  相似文献   

20.
OBJECTIVE: To determine whether neoplastic mast cells extended into tissue 1, 2, or 3 cm laterally or deeper than 1 fascial plane from the visible edge of cutaneous mast cell tumors (MCTs) in dogs. DESIGN: Prospective study. ANIMALS: 21 client-owned dogs with > or = 1 cutaneous MCT PROCEDURES: After preparation for surgery, each dog's skin was marked 1, 2, and 3 cm from the tumor edge at 0 degrees, 90 degrees, 180 degrees, and 270 degrees. At each 3-cm mark, deep fascia was exposed and sutured to the skin; the tumor was excised in routine fashion and fixed in formalin. Tumors were graded; margins were examined histologically for neoplastic mast cells. RESULTS: 23 cutaneous MCTs in 21 dogs were included in this study. Fifteen (65%) tumors were located on the trunk, 5 (22%) on the hind limbs, and 3 (13%) on the head and neck. There were 3 (13%) grade-I and 20 (87%) grade-II tumors. All grade-I tumors were completely excised at all margins. Seventy-five percent of the grade-II tumors were completely excised at the 1-cm margin, and 100% were completely excised at the 2-cm margin. Two grade-II MCTs located on the hind limbs of dogs were excised with a complete but close (within 1 mm) deep margin. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Results suggest that a 2-cm lateral margin and a deep margin of 1 fascial plane appear to be adequate for complete excision of grade-I and -II MCTs in dogs.  相似文献   

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