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珍稀植物广东含笑嫁接繁殖技术 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
《福建林业科技》2019,(4)
为提高珍稀植物广东含笑(Michelia guangdongensis)的嫁接成活率,于2015—2017年春、冬季,以1～3年生的黄兰为砧木,分别对采集于广东省石门台自然保护区内的前进、上天堂、金子山、木笼顶、船底顶5个分布点的广东含笑进行嫁接试验,比较不同的嫁接方法、接穗来源、接穗个数、嫁接时间及砧木年龄、砧木地径等因素对嫁接成活率的影响。结果表明:嫁接方法采用髓心形成层对接法最好;来源于上天堂(SG_4)的接穗嫁接成活率最高,其株数成活率可达92.11%,接穗成活率达81.97%;每株3～5个接穗的株数成活率显著高于1个接穗的株数成活率;利用3年生的砧木嫁接成活率及接穗成活率最高;嫁接最佳时间为冬季(12月底—翌年1月),株数成活率和接穗成活率分别为79.14%和68.84%;嫁接后对苗木进行侧芽摘除处理能明显提高成活率。研究结果可为提高珍稀植物广东含笑嫁接成活率和扩大其生产以及迁地保护提供参考。 相似文献
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笔者以日本落叶松二代优树嫁接苗为对象,对嫁接成活率和嫁接苗生长情况进行调查分析,结果表明:二代优树嫁接成活率平均值为36.40%;无性系间嫁接成活率和生长量差异较大,无性系内各单株生长差异大,变异系数最大达到72.49%;家系间嫁接成活率存在极显著差异,生长量差异不显著;第3 a生主梢长度与2 a苗高存在极显著正相关,用2 a苗高对第3 a苗高生长进行校正后发现家系间第3 a苗高生长存在显著差异;不同树龄母树穗条的嫁接成活率及嫁接后苗木生长情况均存在极显著差异,采穗母树年龄为10～12 a的嫁接苗嫁接成活率、苗高和地径生长量均大于采穗母树年龄为14～17,18～20 a的嫁接苗。 相似文献
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以湖南省石门县、江华县、双牌县以及江西省修水县、庐山等5地的青钱柳大树或古树为嫁接穗条采集母树，以2年生青钱柳实生苗为砧木，研究母树种源、砧木地径对青钱柳嫁接成活率及嫁接苗生长的影响。结果表明：不同种源青钱柳嫁接成活率大小排序为双牌的﹥修水的﹥江华的﹥庐山的﹥石门的，其中石门种源的最小，为48.69%;双牌种源的最大，达65.23%。嫁接苗的新梢基径、新梢长、新梢节数与砧木地径有一定的相关性，其相关系数分别为0.772、0.457、0.422,其大小排序为新梢基径的﹥新梢长的﹥新梢节数的；嫁接苗的新梢基径、新梢长、新梢节数与母树的年龄、胸径、树高及枝下高均不存在明显的相关性。说明青钱柳嫁接对砧木地径有一定的要求，实际生产中应选择适宜粗度的砧木进行嫁接；母树的年龄对嫁接苗的生长没有显著影响。 相似文献
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摘要：笔者以日本落叶松二代优树嫁接苗为对象,对嫁接成活率和嫁接苗生长情况进行调查分析,结果表明：二代优树嫁接成活率平均值为36.40%;无性系间嫁接成活率和生长量差异较大,无性系内各单株生长差异大,变异系数最大达到72.49%;家系间嫁接成活率存在极显著差异,生长量差异不显著;第3 a生主梢长度与2 a苗高存在极显著正相关,用2 a苗高对第3 a苗高生长进行校正后发现家系间第3 a苗高生长存在显著差异;不同树龄母树穗条的嫁接成活率及嫁接后苗木生长情况均存在极显著差异,采穗母树年龄为10～12 a的嫁接苗嫁接成活率、苗高和地径生长量均大于采穗母树年龄为14～17,18～20 a的嫁接苗。 相似文献
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紫花含笑嫁接繁殖技术研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
选择深山含笑、野含笑的1年生苗为紫花含笑嫁接砧木,以多年生乐昌含笑为大树换冠砧木,进行紫花含笑不同砧木嫁接试验,并探索总结紫花含笑嫁接繁殖技术.结果表明:深山含笑、野含笑两种砧木在嫁接成苗率、1年生嫁接苗高度及径高比值均无明显差异;乐昌含笑大树换冠,单株成活率达94％,表明以上3个树种均是嫁接紫花含笑较好的砧木树种.2月下旬至3月中旬是嫁接紫花含笑的适宜时期,采用单芽枝切接方法,简单易行,效果较好. 相似文献
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不同地径砧木对山桐子嫁接苗成活及生长特性的影响 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
为给山桐子丰产栽培技术提供参考依据,就不同地径砧木对山桐子嫁接苗生长特性的影响情况进行了试验研究。结果表明:(1)山桐子苗嫁接成活率为86.00%~93.20%,保存率为82.63%~90.43%;地径为7~9 cm的大规格砧木组嫁接苗的成活率和保存率均显著高于3~5 cm砧木组的。(2)地径为7~9 cm的大规格砧木组嫁接苗的接穗粗度、树高、冠幅、枝条数量、最长枝长度、最长枝粗度、叶长、叶宽、单叶面积、单株叶片数量和叶面积指数均显著大于地径为5~7 cm的中规格和3~5 cm的小规格砧木组的,而不同地径砧木对最短枝长度、最短枝粗度和叶柄长度的影响均不显著。(3)接穗粗度、树高、冠幅、枝条数量、最长枝长度、最长枝粗度、叶长、叶宽、单叶面积、单株叶片数量、叶面积指数与砧木地径间均存在显著正相关关系。文中因此认为,山桐子砧木的粗度对嫁接苗木的生长具有重要的影响。 相似文献
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以河北省迁西县板栗品种‘燕山早丰’为试验材料,芽苗和1 a苗为砧木,进行单砧和双砧嫁接试验,研究了不同砧木类型对嫁接成活的影响、菌根化处理对不同砧木类型嫁接苗新梢生长、生物量、SPAD值及光合特性的影响。结果表明:(1)1 a幼砧嫁接成活率高达91.1%,愈合快,显著优于芽砧嫁接,但双芽砧显著优于单芽砧嫁接。(2)双芽砧嫁接苗新梢生长量与SPAD值最大,生物量亦与1 a砧嫁接苗相当。(3)菌根化处理后三种砧木类型嫁接苗的形态指标均有提高。(4)不同处理净光合速率差异显著,以菌根化双芽砧嫁接苗(24.86μmol·m-2s-1)最大。(5)芽砧嫁接苗水分利用效率RWUE显著高于1 a砧嫁接苗,菌根化嫁接苗水分利用效率显著高于无菌根嫁接苗。 相似文献
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《Scandinavian Journal of Forest Research》2012,27(5):427-435
In Scandinavia, moose (Alces alces L.) sometimes cause severe browsing damage to economically-important pine. Moose-vehicle accidents have spurred construction of fences along roads, and these may interfere with moose migration between summer and winter ranges, or the road alone may be a barrier. If this happens and moose build up along roads, landowners may suffer economically. Therefore, this study investigated whether roads, fences or other factors influence the use of young pine stands by moose. Eighty stands along roads in northern Sweden were evaluated in which individually-browsed branches were counted on 9972 pines. Moose browsing was not significantly related to birch (Betula pendula Roth, B. pubescens Ehrh.) density, nor did it differ between pines (Pinus contorta Douglas or P. sylvestris L.). However, increased pine density, site productivity and proximity to a highway were associated with increased browsing. Further large-scale studies are needed to understand moose habitat selection and the effects of roads. 相似文献
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《Scandinavian Journal of Forest Research》2012,27(3):206-217
The root systems of 2-yr-old Picea glauca, Picea mariana and Pinus banksiana seedlings were submitted to various frost temperatures during an artificial frost to induce different levels of root damage. Frost-damaged and control seedlings were placed in a greenhouse under high and low soil moisture regimes. Seedling growth and physiology were evaluated periodically. Seedling survival was reduced when root damage reached levels of 60-80%. Root systems of all three species showed partial to total recovery by the end of the experiment. In general, root freezing damage caused reductions in seedling growth, with these reductions becoming less significant over time. Root damage had little to no effect on black spruce and jack pine seedling physiology, while white spruce CO 2 uptake decreased with increasing root damage. Shoot nitrogen content of all three species decreased slightly with increasing root damage. 相似文献
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《Scandinavian Journal of Forest Research》2012,27(1):53-61
This study investigated the stand structure in pine, spruce and deciduous forests in the border district of Finland and Russia. A total of 46 mature forest stands was selected as pairs, the members of each pair being as similar as possible with respect to their forest site type, age, moisture and topography. The stands were then compared between the two countries by means of basal areas and number of stems. The proportions of dominating tree species were 2-12% lower, and correspondingly the proportions of secondary tree species higher, in Russian forests. The density of the forest stock was also higher in each forest type in Russia. The forests in the two countries differed most radically in terms of the abundance of dead trees. The amount was two to four times higher in Russian deciduous and spruce forests, and in pine forests the difference was 10-fold. The stand structures indicated that Russian coniferous stands, in particular, were more heterogeneous than intensively managed pine and spruce stands in Finland. 相似文献
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《Scandinavian Journal of Forest Research》2012,27(1):15-27
The root collar diameter and the height:diameter ratio are of particular importance in container-grown seedlings where a high density in the containers may produce spindly seedlings. Temperature regimes and light quality are known to affect plant growth. The aim of this study was to identify responses in Picea abies (L.) Karst. seedlings grown with light providing different red:far-red ratios and under temperature regimes with alternating day (DT) and night temperature (NT) from negative (DT < NT) to positive (DT > NT) difference (DIF) between DT and NT. Experiments were conducted in controlled environment chambers and in a daylight phytotron. Only limited thermoperiodic responses appeared in P . abies seedlings with respect to seedling height and dry weight accumulation. The formation of terminal buds, however, was clearly delayed in seedlings grown at negative DIF. The results indicate a requirement for day extension light that is high in far-red, to prevent terminal bud formation under natural short-day conditions. An extended study should be conducted to clarify the minimum level of light intensity and the optimal light quality needed to prevent terminal bud formation under natural short-day conditions. 相似文献
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本文分析了CAD在设计中引起的正面和负面影响,并进行了系统的阐述,从而使设计者在应用中能够保持客观的态度。 相似文献
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《Scandinavian Journal of Forest Research》2012,27(2):131-138
The effects of soil scarification (mounding), slash removal and clear-cut age on the natural regeneration in clear-cuts was evaluated using data from four sites in southern Sweden. The treatments were carried out during a good seed and establishment year for birch ( Betula pubescens Ehrh. and B. pendula Roth). Scarification had the strongest positive effect on the density of naturally regenerated seedlings, especially in birch, but also in pine ( Pinus sylvestris L.) and spruce [ Picea abies (L.) Karst]. Slash removal had a positive effect on birch density. No statistically significant effect of clear-cut age was found. In addition, no statistically significant interactions between clear-cut age and scarification or slash removal were found. The ingrowth of field vegetation was the fastest in areas that were not scarified, less rapid in areas scarified on old clear-cuts, and the slowest after scarification in fresh clear-cuts. In conclusion, it may be possible to control the density of birch during a good establishment year for birch. If birch is desired, the best combination of treatments is to remove the slash and scarify; otherwise, these treatments should be avoided. 相似文献
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《Scandinavian Journal of Forest Research》2012,27(5):472-479
Based on an enquiry, risk perception among non-industrial private forest owners is described in relation to climate change and forestry hazards. Of the respondents, 11% took action to remedy the effects of climate change. Out of a given set, hazards were ranked according to each respondent's experience of recent substantial financial loss to the estate and in relation to his or her willingness to make investments aimed at risk reduction. For each hazard, the respondent assessed the risk in four classes ranging from very high to negligible risk. Six hazards were considered most problematic in all three aspects: browsing damage, falling timber prices, damage by wind, spruce bark beetle, root rot and pine weevil. A majority of the respondents claimed to take action to reduce the risk associated with at least one hazard, while 35% did not know whether they did. Excluding climate change, the need for decision support was the largest in relation to damage by wind owing to a combination of perceived high risk and a high level of ignorance in relation to whether risk-reducing measures were taken. 相似文献
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Srisuda Thippayarugs Banyong Toomsan Patma Vityakon Viriya Limpinuntana Aran Patanothai Georg Cadisch 《Agroforestry Systems》2008,72(2):137-148
In situ produced plant residues contain a mixture of different plant components of varying quality. To assess synergistic
or antagonistic interactions occurring during the decomposition and mineralization of such mixtures, individual plant parts
(stems, leaves, leaf litter and roots) or the mixture of stems, leaves and leaf litter of the agroforestry species pigeonpea
(Cajanus cajan) or of crop residues of peanut (Arachis hypogaea) or of the weed hairy indigo (Indigofera hirsuta) were incubated in pots for 19 weeks. Periodically, remaining plant residues were sieved out (>2 mm), weighed and N content
as well as soil mineral N determined. Above- and below-ground residues of peanut decomposed fastest and showed the largest
N release in agreement with their high N concentration and low-acid detergent fibre (ADF) : N ratio. Hairy indigo was hypothesized
to be of lower quality than pigeonpea because of its high-polyphenol content. However, it decomposed faster than pigeonpea,
largely because of the higher N and lower lignin concentration of its components. Ranking of individual plant components for
N mineralization resulted in the following pattern, leaves > leaf litter > roots > stems. In mixtures of the different plant
components a similar species order in decomposition was obtained, e.g. peanut > hairy indigo > pigeonpea. The amount of N
released from the mixture was dominated by stem material that comprised 46–61% of the mixture. The interactions in mixtures
were relatively small for peanut (generally high-quality components) as well as for pigeonpea (low proportion of high-quality
components, i.e. N rich leaf material). However, a positive interaction occurred during later stages of N mineralization in
the mixture of hairy indigo as it had a significant proportion of N rich components and absence of highly reactive polyphenols.
Thus, for plants with low to intermediate chemical quality attributes, manipulating plant composition (e.g. by varying harvest
age, affecting stem and leaf proportions) will be important to obtain significant interactions during decomposition when its
components are mixed. 相似文献
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A. Rigueiro-Rodríguez M. R. Mosquera-Losada E. Gatica-Trabanini 《Agroforestry Systems》2000,48(3):245-256
The use of organic waste materials such as milk sewage as an organic fertilizer could have the dual advantages of organic-waste
disposal and reduced dependence on inorganic fertilizers. The effects of fertilization with (1) conventional mineral fertilization,
(2) milk sewage sludge at 40 kg N ha−1 target rate and (3) no fertilization on pasture production and tree growth were examined in an experiment consisting of two
pasture mixtures under a one-year-old Pinus radiata plantation with a density of 2500 trees ha−1. The two pasture mixtures were: (1) Dactylis glomerata L. var. saborto (25 kg ha−1) + Trifolium repens L. group Ladino (4 kg ha−1) + Trifolium pratense L. var. Marino (1 kg ha−1); (2) Lolium perenne L. var. Tove (25 kg ha−1) + Trifolium repens L. group Ladino (4 kg ha−1) + Trifolium pratense L. var. Marino (1 kg ha−1). The experiment began in the spring of 1995 using a randomized block design with three replicates in Castro Riberas de Lea
(Lugo, Galicia, north-western Spain). Plot size was 12 × 8 m2, with a 1 m buffer strip between plots. Two-year data showed that fertilization with either material had a positive effect
on pasture production, with no significant difference between the two fertilization treatments. Tree growth in the milk sewage
sludge plot was significantly higher than in the control plots. Inorganic fertilization increased pasture production, but
affected tree growth negatively. The results show that milk sewage sludge could be used as a fertilizer in silvo-pastoral
systems.
This revised version was published online in June 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date. 相似文献