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1.
基于玫瑰花瓣褶皱微表面特性仿生构筑疏水竹材的研究 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
本研究利用软印刷法以不同浓度的聚乙烯醇（PVA）为弹性印章,以新鲜红玫瑰花为模板,经过二次复形将玫瑰花表面微纳褶皱结构转印到竹材表面,制备得到具有类玫瑰花表面微观结构的疏水竹材。试样表面利用扫描电子显微镜（SEM）及水接触角进行检测,结果显示类玫瑰花竹材样品具有乳突状和凹槽状微纳米结构的粗糙褶皱表面。研究发现,以10% PVA为模板复形的竹材表面水接触角接近于新鲜玫瑰花瓣表面的水接触角数值,展现出良好的疏水特性。 相似文献
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使用JC2000A型接触角测量仪测试并研究了蒸馏水和甘油两种液体在稻壳粉填充聚乙烯(PE)、聚丙烯(PP)、聚氯乙烯(PVC)复合材料表面的接触角.研究表明:通过酸碱处理可明显改变接触角及其随时间变化的规律;其中效果最好的是以水作为探测液时,经酸处理后的PE/稻壳粉复合材料.通过方差分析得知表面改性处理方式对接触角有相当显著的影响. 相似文献
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A type of TiO 2 /bamboo charcoal composite made by a dip-dry method was loaded onto wood veneer with a vacuumpressure method in order to prepare modified poplar veneer.The pore structure parameters and surface morphology of the TiO 2 /bamboo charcoal composite were determined and analyzed by means of a porosimetry analyzer and SEM.The results show that the surface morphology of the composite does not change after being loaded with nano TiO 2.However,its specific surface area (359.814 m 2 ·g-1),pore volume (0.317 cm 3 ·g-1) and average pore diameter (3.526 nm) increased;particularly the cumulative volume of pores was increased by 65.83%.In addition,the distribution range of the pores was wider than that of the bamboo charcoal.Combining the SEM of unmodified and modified poplar veneer,the results of X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy revealed that actually some TiO 2 compounds,i.e.,4.08%,are imbedded in the modified poplar veneer. 相似文献
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The main objective of this research is to evaluate the wettability of the processed bamboo surfaces. The important surface energy and acid-base properties for processed bamboo have been estimated by using contact angle techniques. According to the results, the change of ages has a positive relation with the contact angles of water on processed bamboo. The contact angles were increased after the bamboo surface treated in high temperature condition and preservation. The different treat methods have a strong influence on acid-base energy component insurface of bamboo. Compared with pinewood, the surface of bamboo seems to be stronger in the acid-base energycontribution. 相似文献
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聚氯乙烯/聚乙烯蜡接枝马来酸酐/竹粉复合材料制备的研究 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
用自制的聚乙烯蜡接枝马来酸酐(PEW-g-MAH)改性竹粉填充聚氯乙烯(PVC),制备PVC/PEW-g-MAH/竹粉复合材料.通过正交设计法探讨PEW-g-MAH接枝率及用量、竹粉粒径及用量对复合材料力学性能的影响.结果表明,在100gPVC中,加入用0.3g接枝率为1.16%的PEW-g-MAH改性的0.425mm竹粉30g,可得到力学性能较好的PVC/PEW-g-MAH/竹粉复合材料.其拉伸强度和缺口冲击强度分别由添加等量未改性竹粉体系的28.6MPa和3.05kJ/m2提高到30.01MPa和3.86kJ/m2. 相似文献
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以竹木质素为原料,利用Cu(Ⅰ)催化的炔基-叠氮环加成点击反应将木质素修饰到纳米SiO_2材料表面,制备木质素-纳米SiO_2复合微粒(LS-NPs)。首先采用硅烷基化反应在纳米SiO_2微粒表面引入叠氮结构,并由竹木质素制备炔基木质素,再通过Cu(Ⅰ)催化炔基木质素与叠氮基纳米SiO_2的点击反应生成含三氮唑结构单元的LS-NPs。采用红外光谱(FT-IR)、元素分析(EA)、X射线光电子能谱(XPS)等分析手段表征了LS-NPs的化学结构,并通过扫描电镜(SEM)、透射电镜(TEM)、Zeta电位分析仪和热重分析(TGA)等表征方法考察了LS-NPs的形貌结构和理化性质。结果表明,点击反应成功将木质素结构通过三氮唑单元接枝到纳米SiO_2表面,LS-NPs微粒为球形,粒径为50~100 nm,分散性能和热稳定性能均有明显提高。 相似文献
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Acetylation of Chinese bamboo flour and thermoplasticity 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
Chinese bamboo flour was chemically modified by acetylation with acetic anhydride by using trichloroacetic acid as an activation agent and the optimized condition for acetylation of bamboo flour was determined as the trichloroacetic acid amount 6.0 g per 1.5-g bamboo flour, ultrasosonication duration 40 min and the reaction time 1 h at 65℃. The composition, microstructure and thermal behavior of acetylated bamboo flour were preliminarily characterized by FT-IR, DSC and SEM etc. The acetylated bamboo flour can be molded into sheets at 130℃ and 10 MPa, indicating the modified bamboo flour possesses thermalplastic performance. 相似文献
8.
基于"荷叶效应"仿生原理,首先采用传统一步法和晶核辅助生长法合成ZnO纳米颗粒,再通过层层自组装法分别在竹材表面构建2种不同的微纳结构,并用低表面能物质十七氟癸基三甲氧基硅烷进行修饰,获得超疏水层,最后对其性能进行表征。扫描电子显微镜和原子力显微镜观察显示,传统一步法制备的ZnO纳米颗粒呈球形结构,粒径为200～400 nm,在竹材表面相对分散,粗糙度为18.6;而晶核辅助生长法制备的ZnO纳米颗粒呈纺锤形,粒径为100～300 nm,且具有明显的分层结构,粗糙度为28.9。水静态接触角测试结果显示,随着自组装次数增加,接触角先增加后减少,当自组装次数达到20次时,传统一步法和晶核辅助生长法制备的ZnO纳米颗粒构建的微纳层的水静态接触角达到最大值,分别为142.4°和152.4°,后者达到了超疏水的要求。酸碱试剂浸渍评价纳米颗粒的耐久性结果表明,2种方法制备的ZnO纳米颗粒在强酸强碱溶液中浸泡后,接触角均无明显变化,传统一步法制备的竹材接触角在pH 2的盐酸和pH 12的氢氧化钠溶液中分别浸渍12 h后,接触角仍保持在141.1°和141.7°;晶核辅助生长法制备的竹材在pH 2的盐酸和pH 12的氢氧化钠溶液中分别浸渍12 h后,接触角仍保持在150.2°和150.8°。耐磨性测试结果表明,2种方法制备的疏水竹材具有较好的耐磨性,在30cm的线性摩擦试验后,传统一步法制备的竹材接触角仍在142°左右,晶核辅助生长法制备的竹材接触角在150°左右。X射线衍射测试结果显示,2种方法制备的疏水涂层均具有明显的ZnO晶体的衍射特征峰。2种竹材样品在XRD曲线上均出现了32.45°,34.76°,36.82°和47.65°等一系列新衍射峰,而且这些衍射峰与标准的纤锌矿ZnO的XRD卡片(JCPDS,36-1451)一致。 相似文献
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以竹粉为原料制备纳米纤维素基体材料,以聚乙烯醇(PVA)为增强相,在酸性环境下采用冷冻干燥法制得PVA/CNFs(纳米纤维素)复合气凝胶;采用三甲基氯硅烷(TMCS)对其进行疏水改性处理,随后将其浸渍到还原氧化石墨烯(r GO)悬浮液中,最终制得疏水型r GO/PVA/CNFs复合气凝胶;通过扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、傅里叶变换红外光谱(FT-IR)、拉曼光谱(Raman)、接触角(CA)和吸油性能测试,对所制气凝胶的微观形貌、化学结构、疏水性能及吸油性能进行表征。结果表明:制得的复合气凝胶密度为6.78 mg/cm3,具有均匀的三维网状多孔结构,且孔洞结构表面均被石墨烯片层覆盖;经过TMCS疏水处理后,在气凝胶表面形成疏水层结构。FT-IR和Raman分析表明,TMCS疏水改性处理并未改变PVA/CNFs复合气凝胶的化学结构。经疏水处理后气凝胶与水的接触角为138°左右,吸油倍率为78 g/g左右,且吸附过程迅速,饱油后也能悬浮于溶液表面,便于回收再利用。 相似文献
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ABSTRACT This study deals with the influence of electron beam irradiation (EBI) on the wettability of Norway spruce surface samples. To evaluate this possible effect in detail, the changes in chemistry and wood structure were analysed using the methods of IR spectroscopy and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM). The surface wettability was determined by the contact angle measurement method. The results of infrared spectra show decreased relative numbers of available hydrophilic groups (e.g. hydroxyl and carbonyl groups) in the wood surfaces due to the electron beam irradiation. This behaviour is consistent with the values from the surface wettability measurements. Structural differences of the wood surfaces after electron beam irradiation were not detectable. Based on these findings pre-treatment of wood surfaces for industrial usages can be a potential field of application of this technology. 相似文献
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用润湿角测量仪测量了胶粘剂在竹材表面的润湿角,用物理方法(喷砂处理)、化学方法(NaOH,Na_2CO_3处理)处理竹青、竹黄,并测定了用这些竹片压制成的竹胶板的胶合强度。实验中,借助于红外光谱仪分析了处理前后竹青、竹黄表面化学结构的变化。实验结果表明:喷砂处理方法可明显地提高竹青、竹黄的胶合强度。 相似文献
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Kun-Tsung Lu 《Journal of Wood Science》2006,52(2):173-178
The poor adhesion of bamboo coatings is a serious issue in the bamboo industry. To develop a pretreatment method that improves
the adhesion of films and increases the economic value of bamboo products, a study of hydrogen peroxide treatment with solutions
of various pH (pH 4–9) on bamboo surfaces was conducted. Five-year-old ma bamboo (Dendrocalamus latiflorus Munro), and nitrocellulose lacquer were used in the study. Surface properties of the bamboo such as contact angle and color
were evaluated, and 180° peel strength and shear strength tests for measuring adhesion of films were conducted. The results
showed that the wettability of water droplets and the carbonyl group concentration on the bamboo surface were increased significantly
by alkaline (pH 8 and 9) hydrogen peroxide treatments. There was only minor color variation and the outer wax layer of bamboo
was etched to form additional recesses after hydrogen peroxide treatment. It was also found that all hydrogen peroxide treatments
improved the adhesion of bamboo coating; bamboo treated with hydrogen peroxide at pH 7 showed the greatest improvement. The
enhanced adhesion was attributed to the mechanical interlocking of the film on the treated bamboo rather than to surface activation. 相似文献
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通过共混挤出法制备聚氨酯预聚体(PUP)改性的聚乳酸/木粉(PLA/WF)复合材料,并对复合材料进行力学性能测试、动态热机械分析、接触角测量以及断面扫描电镜分析。力学性能分析表明:当PUP用量(以PLA和WF的质量计)为20%时,复合材料断裂弯曲应变和冲击强度分别为5.78%和18.3 k J/m2,较未改性的复合材料分别提高了209%和123%,PUP显示出较好的增韧效果。动态热机械分析表明:随着PUP用量的增加,复合材料中PUP相和PLA相的玻璃化转变温度均有所下降,并且储能模量显著降低,材料韧性得到改善。PUP的加入可显著提高复合材料对水的接触角,材料疏水性能得到改善。当PUP用量为25%时,接触角达83.7°,较未增韧复合材料接触角(66.6°)提高25.7%。拉伸断面的扫描电镜分析表明:添加PUP的复合材料断面有更多的木粉被拉出且空穴变多,断面更为不平整,呈现韧性断裂的特征。 相似文献
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The water repellency of different forms and types of forest floors was studied, using two methods: (1) measurement of the contact angle θ, and (2) measurement of the rate of the initial phase of water absorption in an Enslin device. Measurements were made on samples with their natural degree of disintegration and roughness, and on the same samples pressed into tablets to give a smooth contact interface between the water and the organic material. The contact angle θ, of organic material from an epihumus subhorizon AoH, with a rough surface, is about 145°, whereas for the same material with a smooth contact interface it is about 60°. Pressed samples exhibited much higher rates of water absorption than samples of the same materials in their natural state. The present studies demonstrate that, because of its chemical nature, organic material is hydrophilic. Its water repellency is closely related to the degree of dispersion and roughness of its structural elements. A theoretical explanation of the effect of the surface state of organic material on its wettability is attempted. 相似文献
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Cordt Zollfrank 《Wood Science and Technology》2001,35(1-2):183-189
This report presents a new derivative from the chemical conversion of hardwood. Silylation of hardwood was successfully achieved using trimethylsilyl chloride with pyridine as base. The new wood compounds were analyzed by FTIR spectroscopy. The FTIR spectra of the silylated wood compounds show new absorption bands derived from trimethylsilyl ether groups. Furthermore, the products were investigated by means of EDX analysis. The presence of silicon confirmed the conversion of wood into the corresponding silyl ether derivative. Electron microscopy, i. e. SEM, shows that the location of the silicon was not restricted to the surface of the wood fibres. Penetration of the reactants into the wood body occurred, when a solid wood sample (beads) was used. 相似文献
18.
Abstract Surface treatment of bamboo was carried out by microwave plasma (MWP), surface contact angle of the sample was measured
using glycerin and urea-formaldehyde resin (UFR) liquid, and the effects on the surface performance of the bamboo sample was
evaluated. The results show that the surface contact angle of the sample presented a generally decreasing trend when prolonging
the MWP treatment time and shortening the distance between the sample and the resonance cavity. The surface contact angle
of the sample decreased by 49%–59% under the following conditions: MWP treatment for 30 s, the distance between the sample
and resonance cavity at 40 mm, and measurement at 15 s after dripping with glycerin. The surface contact angle of the sample
measured with the glycerin was lower than that with UFR. No matter whether we used glycerin or UFR, the contact angle of the
sample at 15 s after dripping was lower than that at 5 s after dripping. The grinding treatment had little effect on the surface
contact angle of the sample after MWP treatment, and the modification effect ofMWP treatment after grinding was better than
that of sole MWP treatment.
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Translated from Journal of Nanjing Forestry University (Natural Sciences Edition), 2007, 31(4): 33–36 [译自: 南京林业大学学报(自 然科学版)] 相似文献
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马来松香对木粉/HDPE复合材料流变性质的影响 总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1
用马来松香对木粉进行流动性能改善处理,与高密度聚乙烯(HDPE)熔融复合,挤出成型制备木粉/HDPE复合材料(WF-HDPE).利用傅里叶变换红外光谱(FTIR)和X-射线光电子能谱(XPS)技术,分析经马来松香改性前后木粉表面官能团的变化和元素的变化,采用旋转流变仪研究.WF-HDPE的流变行为.FrIR与XPS分析表明,马来松香分子中的酸酐基团与木粉表面的羟基发生了酯化反应,并且马来松香是以单酯的形式接枝到木粉表面,同时产生一游离羧基.WF-HDPE流变学研究表明:复合材料的复合黏度(η*)、储能模量(G′)和损耗模量(G″)随马来松香用量的增加先减小后增大最后减小,但体系的黏度和模量总体呈下降趋势,木粉经马来松香改性后复合熔体的流变性能显著改善,这不仅有利于提高复合材料的成型加工效率,而且适当的马来松香处理也能够提高复合材料的拉伸强度和弯曲强度,后者被静态力学试验结果所证实. 相似文献