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1.
Summary The phenotype variation in six enzymes, 6-phosphogluconate dehydrogenase (6-PGD), malate dehydrogenase (MDH), peroxidase (PRX), isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH), galactose dehydrogenase (GD) and glutamate oxaloacetate transaminase (GOT), was investigated using horizontal starch gel electrophoresis in 52 accessions of the grasspea, Lathyrus sativus. Phenotypic polymorphism was observed for all six enzymes. High phenotypic polymorphism (Pj) was observed for PRX and 6-PGD, while there was little polymorphism for GOT, with only two accessions showing variation. There was no correlation between phenotypic polymorphism and region of origin, or groupings of accessions made on the basis of flower colour. Tentative genetic interpretations of banding patterns are given for five of the enzyme systems. The level of apparent heterozygosity was higher than expected in this predominantly autogamous species. The level of variation in the grasspea is discussed in terms of its potential for exploitation through plant breeding. 相似文献
2.
Identification of triploid Citrus by isozyme analysis 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
Summary Seedlessness is a desirable horticultural attribute in Citrus and is positively associated with triploidy. The conventional cytological method for triploid identification is a laborious technique involving the preparation of root tips for chromosomal analysis. Digital densitometry of isozymes, however, offers the possibility of distinguishing triploid Citrus from large populations of seedlings both quickly and cheaply. Where there are no gene dosage regulation effects, greater band density should be evident in the allozyme contributed by the diploid gamete for a heterozygous locus. The isozymes of 4 enzymes; malate dehydrogenase, 6-phosphogluconate dehydrogenase, shikimate dehydrogenase, and phosphoglucose isomerase, were investigated with polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. Band densities of these isozymes for triploid Citrus, their diploid siblings and diploid progenitors were measured using a digital densitometer. Of the 4 enzymes investigated only allozymes for shikimate dehydrogenase exhibited consistent differences over a wide range of Citrus cultivars. Greater band density was evident in the allozyme contributed by the diploid gamete. The band density ratio between allozymes for triploid Citrus was close to 0.5, while for diploid Citrus band density ratios were close to 1.0. This effect is due to the extra protein coded by the additional gene dose and was not observed in diploids. Shikimate dehydrogenase proved to be an accurate molecular marker for distinguishing between diploid and triploid Citrus for heterozygous progeny.Abbreviations PAGE
Polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis
- MDH
malate dehydrogenase
- 6PGD
6-phosphogluconate dehydrogenase
- SkDH
shikimate dehydrogenase
- PGI
phosphoglucose isomerase 相似文献
3.
Summary
Salvia columbariae is a herbaceous annual species which has potential for domestication as a new source of industrial oil. Isozyme markers provide a mean by which this process may be facilitated. Isozyme survey of field grown Salvia columbariae plants showed variation for malate dehydrogenase (MDH), phosphoglucose isomerase (PGI), and phosphogllucomutase (PGM). Selfed seed was obtained from the field and was grown in the greenhouse for segregation analyses. Electrophoretic results indicated that MDH was variable at zone 1, showing presence or absence of a band. The observed segregation ratio was not significantly different from expected ratio for Pgi-4 and Pgm-3 isozymes, indicating monogenic control of the two loci. Pgi-4 locus was heterozygous for a null allele. Cross dimerization between the allozyme Pgi-3 and Pgi-4 loci resulted in an intergenic band for this isozyme system.Abbreviations ACO
aconitase
- ADH
alcohol dehydrogenase
- DTT-DL
dithiothreitol
- FDH
formate dehydrogenase
- GOT
glutamate-oxalacetate transaminase
- IDH
isocitric dehydrogenase
- MDH
malate dehydrogenase
- MNR
menadione reductase
- 6PGD
6-phosphogluconate dehydrogenase
- PGI
phosphoglucose isomerase
- PGM
phosphoglucomutase
- PVP-40
polyvinylpyrrolidone
- SKDH
shikimate dehydrogenase
- TPI
triosephosphate isomerase 相似文献
4.
Summary Seven varieties and 57 spontaneous or induced in vitro mutant lines (20 macromutant and 37 micromutant events) of potato were tested by starch gel electrophoresis for ADH, GOT, PGI, PGM, ACO, IDH, MDH and 6PGDH isozymes in tuber extracts. The data showed that in contrast to variety comparisons, the isozyme patterns rarely differentiate mutant lines which have altered morphological traits. But trying to identify isozyme differences in mutants can still be useful for a chimeric structure for GOT-2 alleles in a mutant from Atlantic and a new tuber specific locus for 6PGDH in mutants from Russet Burbank were found.Abbreviations ACO
aconitase
- ADH
alcohol dehydrogenase
- GOT
glutamate oxaloacetate transaminase
- IDH
isocitric acid dehydrogenase
- MDH
malate dehydrogenase
- 6PGDH
6-phosphogluconate dehydrogenase
- PGI
phosphoglucoisomerase
- PGM
phosphoglucomutase
- SGE
starch gel electrophoresis
- EMS
ethyl metanesulfonate 相似文献
5.
Summary The potential of isozymes for distinguishing asparagus varieties was carried out by a survey on 21 varieties using 10 enzyme systems: GOT, SkDH, DIA, PGM, MDH, IDH, PGD, ACP, PGI, MR and ADH. Only 3 enzymes, SkDH, GOT and PGM, showed useful polymorphisms. The varieties were found heterogeneous according to their genetic structure: open pollinated varieties were more heterogeneous than clonal hybrids; the F1 hybrid and the vitroclones were homogeneous. As expected from the narrow genetic basis of the varieties, only a few alleles per isozyme locus were present. Moreover, for each enzyme, one allele or type was predominant so that the discriminating power of the method was low. However some of the varieties could be identified and different applications of the results are presented.Abbreviations D.U.S.-
Distinction-Uniformity-Stability
- ACO-
aconitase
- ACP-
acid phosphatase
- ADH-
alcohol dehydrogenase
- CAT-
catalase
- DIA-
diaphorase
- END-
endopeptidase
- GOT-
glutamate oxaloacetate transaminase
- IDH-
isocitrate dehydrogenase
- MDH-
malate dehydrogenase
- MR-
menadione reductase
- PGI-
phosphoglucoisomerase
- PGM-
phosphoglucomutase
- PGD-
phosphoglucose dehydrogenase
- POX-
peroxidase
- SkDH-
shikimate dehydrogenase 相似文献
6.
7.
A.-M. Arzate-Fernandez C.-O. Mejía-González T. Nakazaki Y. Okumoto T. Tanisaka 《Plant Breeding》2005,124(1):71-78
Isozyme banding patterns (IBPs) were studied for cultivars of lily (Lilium spp.) by means of horizontal starch‐gel electrophoresis (SGE). An array of continuous histidine‐citrate buffer systems at eight ranges of pH and four extraction buffers were tested. On the basis of this survey, the extraction buffer two (Eb‐2) and the buffer system E at pH 7.7 were found to be suitable for detection of lily isozymes. Using the SGE technique, IBP in catalase (CAT; EC 1.11.1.6), esterase (EST; EC 3.1.1.1), malate dehydrogenase (MDH; EC 1.1.1.37), malic enzyme (MAL; EC 1.1.1.40), peroxidase (POX; EC 1.11.1.7), phosphoglucomutase (PGM; EC 2.7.5.1), phosphoglucose isomerase (PGI; EC 5.3.1.9) and 6‐phosphogluconate dehydrogenase (PGD; EC 1.1.1.44) were assayed. In total 29 cultivars were tested in this study: nine were analysed for all eight enzyme systems, 16 cultivars for seven systems, three for six, and one for five enzyme systems. Some IBP were identified as section‐specific biochemical markers. Eight enzymes systems were analysed by constructing a dendogram using the unweighted pair group method, arithmetic average (UPGMA) cluster analysis. The analysis indicated that the lily cultivars could be separated from other Lilium species, except for two L. x formonlogi cultivars:‘Hakuba’ and ‘Hakuko’ which could not be distinguished from each other by the isozyme patterns assayed here. This study shows that isozymes can provide useful biochemical markers for lily cultivar identification and to estimate the phylogenetic relationships among those cultivars. 相似文献
8.
黄尾鲴6种同工酶的组织特异性研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
为了给黄尾鯝种质标准和种质鉴定提供生化遗传指标,以便合理保护和利用黄尾鯝种质资源。采用聚丙烯酰胺垂直凝胶电泳法对黄尾鲴的7种新鲜组织（肝脏、心脏、脑、肌肉、脾脏、头肾和鳃）中的苹果酸脱氢酶(MDH)、乳酸脱氢酶(LDH)、酯酶(EST)、苹果酸酶(ME)、6-磷酸葡萄糖脱氢酶(6-PGDH)、超氧化物岐化酶(SOD)共6种同工酶进行了分析,并对其同工酶位点及酶谱进行了分析。结果表明,黄尾鯝的6种同工酶在不同组织中的表达存在差异。酯酶、苹果酸酶、苹果酸脱氢酶及6-磷酸葡萄糖脱氢酶在肝脏中表达活性较强,乳酸脱氢酶在肝、脾以及头肾组织中表达活性强,超氧化物歧化酶在肝、脾脏组织中活性较强。 相似文献
9.
Summary Isozyme analyses have been used for the definitive identification of many plant cultivars, but not for cultivated tomatoes. Six isozyme systems, namely alcohol dehydrogenase, acid phosphatase, phosphoglucomutase, esterase, phosphoglucoisomerase and 6-phosphogluconate dehydrogenase of tomato seed extracts were resolved by isoelectric focusing on polyacrylamide gels with a narrow pH gradient. Nine alcohol dehydrogenase phenotypes were distinguished which, with three acid phosphatase phenotypes, identified twelve of the seventeen cultivars. Fewer differences were found for the other isozymes. Since this method could differentiate between breeding parents and their progeny it is concluded that further investigations are warranted.Abbreviations APS
acid phosphatase
- ADH
alcohol dehydrogenase
- EST
esterase
- IEF
isoelectric focusing
- PGI
phosphoglucoisomerase
- PGM
phosphoglucomutase
- 6-PGDH
6-phosphogluconate dehydrogenase
- RFLP
restriction fragment length polymorphism
- VOPRI
Vegetable and Ornamental Plant Research Institute 相似文献
10.
Summary Isozyme expression of malate dehydrogenase (MDH), phosphoglucomutase (PGM), and phosphoglucose isomerase (PGI) were examined from 12 tissues of pecan by starch gel electrophoresis. Tissue type, stage of development, and extraction method had little effect on isozyme expression of MDH or PGM but did influence PGI expression. Additional PGI bands were observed from seed tissue and soaked pollen. A direct relationship was observed between PGI expression from seed tissue and eventual expression from the germinated seedling. Additional PGI bands from soaked pollen were thought to be produced from structural changes and not due to more efficient extraction. The genotype of immature pecan seeds could be determined for Mdh-1, Pgi-2, and Pgm-1 provided cellular endosperm had developed. Watery endosperm did not contain detectable levels of the study enzymes. The advantages of uniform isozyme expression among various tissues and ability to determine the genotype of immature pecan seed are discussed. 相似文献
11.
Summary Maize pollen quality was investigated after long-term storage both in a refrigerator and in liquid nitrogen by a combination of viability tests and cytochemical methods. Determination of the activities of a number of enzymes involved in important metabolic pathways was carried out. Quinone formation was also studied, as some products of secondary metabolism affect pollen grain viability. One year of pollen storage in liquid nitrogen had little effect on the activities of oxidoreductases and hydrolases and had no significant effect on pollen grain viability evaluated by acetocarmine, neutral red and acridine organe. Only the FCR test showed slightly decreased viability. After one and two years of storage in a refrigerator, pollen grain viability, tested using acetocarmine, neutral red and acridine orange, did not change substantially. Simultaneously the FCR test showed a considerable decrease in pollen grain viability. Long-term storage in a refrigerator resulted in the loss of cytochrome oxidase activity and rise of alcohol dehydrogenase, lactate dehydrogenase, peroxidase and polyphenoloxidase activities as well as of quinone formation.Abbreviations ADH
Alcohol dehydrogenase
- DOPA
L-3,4-Dihydroxyphenylalanine
- FCR
Fluorochromatic reaction
- FDA
Fluorescein diacetate
- GDH
Glutamate dehydrogenase
- IDH
Isocitrate dehydrogenase
- LDH
Lactate dehydrogenase
- NADI
reaction with -NAphthol and DImethyl-p-phenylenediamine hydrochloride
- 6-PGDH
6-phosphogluconate dehydrogenase 相似文献
12.
Cytogenetic and isozymic characterization of anther-panicle culture derived tall fescue aneuploids 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
G. C. Eizenga 《Euphytica》1987,36(1):175-179
Summary Chromosome associations of 44 tall fescue (Festuca arundinacea
Schreb., 2n=6x=42) plants derived from anther-panicle culture of Kentucky 31 were evaluated to determine if new genetic stocks could be identified. Seventeen of the plants were euploids (21 II), two were monosomic (20II+1I), 22 were double monosomic (19II+2I) and three were triple monosomic (18II+3I). Zymograms were obtained for phosphoglucoisomerase (PGI), glutamate oxaloacetate transaminase (GOT), acid phosphatase (ACPH), malate dehydrogenase (MDH) and 6-phosphogluconate dehydrogenase (6-PGD). The zymograms were identical for GOT, ACPH, and 6-PGD but different patterns were found for MDH and PGI in some of the double monosomics and euploids from a different piece of callus than the majority of the plants.Contribution of the USDA-ARS in cooperation with the Kentucky Agricultural Experiment Station. Scientific Journal Series No. 86-3-61. 相似文献
13.
The meiotic behavior of three tall fescue (Festuca arundinacea, 2n = 6x = 42) genotypes, giant fescue (F. gigantea, 2n = 6x = 42), and their reciprocal F1 hybrids and C1, amphiploids was evaluated to determine the parental genomic relationships. Isozyme banding patterns were used to confirm the parental identity of the hybrids and amphiploids. At meta-phase I, the parents had predominantly bivalent pairing. The hybrids had an average of 9.51 I, 16.02 II, 0.12 III, 0.02 IV, and the amphiploids had 2.17 I, 38.82 II, 0.60 III, 0.58 IV, 0.01 V—VIII. The prevalence of bivalent pairing in both hybrids and amphiploids suggested a homoeologous relationship between the six genomes, with four of the six being more closely related. Bivalent pairing in the amphiploids indicated genetic regulation of chromosome pairing. Zymograms were obtained for acid phosphatase (ACPH), alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH), glutamate oxaloacetate transaminase (GOT), malate dehydrogenase (MDH), 6-phosphogluconate dehydrogenase (6-PGD) and phosphoglucoisomerase (PGI). The three tall fescue and giant fescue parents had different zymograms for ACPH, MDH, 6-PGD and PGI; thus, the tall fescue parents of the hybrids and amphiploids could be determined based on the banding patterns of these four enzymes. Phenotypes were determined for ACPH-1, PGI-2 and 6-PGD-1. ACPH-1 may be used to follow the introgression of giant fescue chromatin into a certain tall fescue genotype. 相似文献
14.
不同产地人参中4种脱氢酶活力比较 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
为了给人参的培育和优选提供理论依据,采用中性缓冲液提取粗酶液,应用分光光度法对15个不同产地的人参中苹果酸脱氢酶(Malate Dehydrogenase MDH),乳酸脱氢酶(Lactate Dehydrogenase, LDH),乙醇脱氢酶(Alcohol Dehydrogenase, ADH),葡萄糖-6-磷酸脱氢酶(Glucose-6-phosphate Dehydrogenase, G6PDH）4种脱氢酶活力进行比较。结果表明不同产地人参脱氢酶活力差别明显,同一产地4种脱氢酶活力趋势基本相同。其中安图县万宝镇的人参样品的MDH、LDH、G6PDH 3种酶活力均是最高值,分别为124.58U/(g?Fw)、129.88 U/(g?Fw)、109.84U/(g?Fw);黑龙江2个产地的4种酶活力普遍比较低。运用SPSS13.0软件对15批样品进行系统聚类分析,将样品分为4类。MDH、LDH、ADH、G6PDH的活力可以作为人参培育和优选提供理论依据。 相似文献
15.
Summary The genetics of 8 electrophoretically detectable enzymes in lentil was examined. The enzyme systems glutamic-oxaloacetic transaminase, malic enzyme, phosphoglucomutase, alcohol dehydrogenase, 6-phosphogluconate dehydrogenase, shikimic dehydrogenase and isocitrate dehydrogenase were assayed. The allozymes at each of the studied loci behaved in a codominant manner and segregated in the expected Mendelian fashion. Linkage tests between these loci and an additional morphological trait revealed two linkage groups that involved 5 loci, the rest were independent of each other. 相似文献
16.
Electrophoretic markers were used to describe varieties of carrot and tested for their use in distinguishing and identifying them. Seed proteins and ten enzyme systems (PGI, PGM, PGD, ACP, ADH, GOT, IDH, MDH, MR and SkDH) were studied in a set of varieties and selection lines. Using the proteins from bulk samples of more than 25 seeds per variety, consistent results were obtained which enabled the 38 varieties studied to be divided into 14 groups. Among the enzymes studied, PGI, PGM and PGD were found to be convenient for distinction purposes. They demonstrated the heterogeneity of the varieties and their combined use enabled most of them to be distinguished from one another. The use of electrophoretic markers for distinguishing varieties is discussed. 相似文献
17.
Summary This study was conducted to elucidate the inheritance and linkage relationships of isozymes in aspartate aminotransferase (AAT, EC 2.6.1.1), alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH, EC 1.1.1.1), phosphogluconate dehydrogenase (PGD, EC 1.1.1.43), phosphoglucomutase (PGM, EC 2.7.5.1) and shikimate dehydrogenase (SKDH, EC 1.1.1.25) in eggplant and its wild relatives. Segregating populations were generated by backcrossing of hybrids among the species. Evidence of Mendelian inheritance was obtained for seven loci: Aat-1, Adh-1, Adh-2, Pgd-1, Pgm-1, Pgm-2 and Skdh-1. Twenty-one pairs of loci were tested for independent assortment, suggesting three linked pairs, Aat-2 with Pgd-2 (R=0.35±0.07), Adh-2 with Pgm-1 (R=0.33±0.07) and Pgd-2 with Pgm-2 (R=0.32±0.06).Abbreviations AAT
aspartate aminotransferase
- ADH
alcohol dehydrogenase
- PGD
phosphogluconate dehydrogenase
- PGM
phosphoglucomutase
- SKDH
shikimate dehydrogenase 相似文献
18.
灵芝子实体多糖积累和糖代谢相关酶的关系研究 总被引：2，自引：2，他引：0
分析灵芝子实体生长过程中多糖、还原糖及糖代谢相关酶活性变化,探讨灵芝子实体多糖动态变化的酶学机理。以代料栽培灵芝为试材,采用苯酚-硫酸法测定灵芝多糖含量,采用DNS法测定还原糖含量,测定6种相关糖代谢酶活性,并用SPSS17.0统计软件分析多糖积累与糖代谢酶间的相关性。在灵芝子实体生长过程中,灵芝多糖与还原糖含量变化趋势相同,两者的最大含量皆出现在开伞期;从现蕾期到开伞期,多糖积累与6种糖代谢酶活性变化趋势一致,但开伞期之后,多糖与G-6-PDH、MDH酶活性变化趋势出现差异。经过相关性分析,UDPGPPlase、α-PGM和PGI与灵芝多糖积累呈现显著的正相关(P<0.05),其他酶与灵芝多糖积累相关性不显著(P>0.05)。初步推测,UDPGPPlase、α-PGM和PGI是灵芝多糖合成的关键酶。 相似文献
19.
Two interspecific cherry progenies, Prunus avium 'Napoleon' × P. incisa E621 and × P. nipponica F1292, were analysed by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis for 14 enzyme systems: aconitase (ACO), acid phosphatase (ACP), alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH), amylase (AMY), glutamate oxaloacetate transaminase (GOT), glucose–6-phosphate isomerase (GPI), isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH), leucine aminopeptidase (LAP), malate dehydrogenase (MDH), malic enzyme (ME), phosphogluconate dehydrogenase (PGD), phosphoglucomutase (PGM), shikimate dehydrogenase (SKD) and superoxide dismutase (SOD). Thirty-one loci were deduced from segregating banding patterns, Aco–2, Acp–1 to –5, Acp–8, –9, Adh–1 to –6, Amy–2, –3, Got–1 to –3, Gpi–2, Idh–1 to –4, Lap–1, Me–1, –2, Mdh–2, Pgd–1, –2 and Sod–2. Only ten of these had previously been established. Seven putative loci were polymorphic but did not segregate in the progenies. Analysis of cosegregations and calculation of recombination fractions revealed that 15 loci could be grouped into four linkage groups: Acp–1/–2/–3–-Acp–5; Gpi–2–- Got–2–-Got–1–-Lap–1; Adh–4/–6– -Amy–2; and Adh–1–-Adh–5–-Adh–2–- Me–2. These consolidate two previously reported linkage groups and establish three new groups. The previously reported linkage of Lap–1 with Me–1 was not confirmed. Fourteen cultivars of P. avium were analysed for the same 14 enzyme systems and showed polymorphism for just 17 of the established loci and for none of the putative loci, indicating far less scope for linkage analysis in intraspecific progenies from crosses among these cultivars. 相似文献
20.
Isozymes as genetic markers in bananas and plantains 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
Summary Twenty-four clones of banana and plantain representing various levels of ploidy and diploid M. balbisiana, were analysed for enzyme variants of malate dehydrogenase, phosphoglucomutase, glutamate oxaloacetate transaminase, shikimate dehydrogenase and peroxidase. Polymorphism was detected in all 5 enzyme systems. In addition, the four principal Cavendish clones, Robusta, Giant Cavendish, Dwarf Cavendish and Pisang masak hijau were found to be monomorphic for isozymes of 10 additional enzymes. Isozymes of glutamate oxaloacetate transminase were the most useful for discriminating among clones of a particular genomic group.Florida Agricultural Experiment Stations Journal Series No. 6858. 相似文献