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祁连山青海云杉天然群体表型性状遗传多样性分析 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
调查祁连山青海云杉天然分布区的10个群体,每群体10个个体 ,以系统揭示其表型变异程度和变异规律为目的,对针叶、球果、种鳞、种翅和种子的17个表型性状进行系统的比较分析.采用方差分析、多重比较,相关分析、聚类分析等多种分析方法,对群体间和群体内的表型多样性进行讨论.方差分析结果表明:各性状在群体间都存在极显著差异;除球果干质量和球果长/球果径外,其余性状在群体内都存在着极显著的差异.表型分化系数即群体间变异为31.20%,小于群体内的变异(68.80%).17个表型性状间多数呈极显著或显著的正相关.表型性状呈现出以经度变异为主的梯度规律性.通过表型性状的聚类分析可以将青海云杉10个群体划分为4个类群. 相似文献
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云杉天然群体表型多样性研究 总被引：24，自引：1，他引：23
以系统揭示云杉全分布区天然群体表型变异程度和变异规律为目的 ,以其全分布区 10个有代表性天然群体 ,每个群体 30个个体为试材 ,对针叶、球果、种鳞、种翅和种子等 17个表型性状进行系统比较分析 ,采用方差分析、多重比较、相关分析和聚类分析等统计分析方法 ,讨论了群体间和群体内的表型多样性。结果表明 :云杉种内表型性状在群体间和群体内存在极其丰富的遗传差异。云杉球果、针叶、种鳞、种翅和种子 5个表型性状的变异系数分别为 19 14 %、2 6 4 6 %、13 5 8%、19 78%和 174 0 % ,种鳞性状稳定性较其他性状高。表型分化系数 (VST)的变幅为 2 0 9%～ 4 0 6 2 % ,群体间表型分化系数均值为 30 99%。群体间变异 (30 99% )小于群体内变异 (6 9 0 1% )。 17个表型性状间多数呈极显著或显著的正相关 ,球果长度、球果径、种鳞长度、种鳞宽度和种子千粒重为云杉易测定和重要的表型性状。云杉种内群体表型变异在空间分布上呈现以纬度为主的单向变异模式 ,利用群体间欧氏距离进行UPGMA聚类分析表明 ,云杉群体可以划分为 5类 相似文献
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以香榧主要分布区6个天然群体的92个样株为试验材料,对其针叶、果实、种子的8个表型性状进行分析,讨论群体间和群体内的表型多样性.结果表明:香榧各表型性状在群体问和群体内都存在显著差异,群体间表型分化系数占10.8%,群体内占89.2%,群体间的变异小于群体内.各群体表型性状中平均变异系数最小的为果实宽(CVv =13.95%),最大的为单粒重(CVv=34.71%);不同群体各形态性状平均变异系数由大到小顺序为:黄山＞磐安＞嵊州＞钟家岭＞诸暨东白湖、绍兴.通过表型性状的聚类分析可以将香榧6个群体划分为3个类群. 相似文献
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以紫丁香天然林分布区抽取的4个天然群体和1个栽培群体为拟似群体,进行了其表型多样性分析.结果表明: 紫丁香表型性状存在着丰富的群体间、群体内变异,5个群体的果、种子、叶以及子代幼苗等14个表型性状差异显著,变异系数为14.25%～29.13%,表型性状分化系数为1.85%～86.67%,平均值为43.93%;群体间和群体内的差异均极显著,群体内的方差分量为56.06%,其中有10个种实性状与生态梯度值呈显著或极显著的相关,采用Dist平均分类距离系数的聚类分析得到的群体间的遗传距离关系基本上与群体采种点的生态地理位置关系一致,其中山西五老峰群体独立为一组,北部三个群体聚为一组,栽培群体聚入了北部群体组,并且与辽宁北票群体较近.依据研究结果,紫丁香种质资源收集、保护策略应当是:基于表型分化系数群体间平均值达到较高水平,而群体内保留了种质的大部分变异,所以在分布区内应首先保护天然群体的存在,即尽可能多的群体数量,同时,要很好保护天然群体的完整性.育种亲本的选择策略应当是:在群体内收集、选择特异变异的同时,加强多群体的收集和选择. 相似文献
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《中南林业科技大学学报(自然科学版)》2020,(11)
【目的】种质资源变异研究是开展遗传改良的前提与重要环节,了解变异程度可对种质资源的保护与可持续利用提供遗传信息,分析不同种源青海云杉无性系表型变异程度和规律,为青海云杉目标性状选育提供依据。【方法】以甘肃省张掖市龙渠青海云杉无性系种子园内的7个种源青海云杉为研究对象,测定和统计不同种源的青海云杉球果、种鳞、种翅和种子表型性状,通过多重比较、方差分析、相关分析、聚类分析,分析和讨论青海云杉种源间、种源内表型性状多样性特点。【结果】青海云杉不同种源间球果、种鳞、种翅和种子性状均存在极显著差异,青海云杉表型分化系数平均值为74.20%,青海云杉表型变异主要来源于种源间的变异;球果和种子表型性状的变异丰富,变异范围为11.40%～55.50%,平均变异系数为21.07%;不同种源间变异差异明显,隆畅河林区种源平均变异系数最大(23.15%),西水林区种源平均变异系数最小(18.46%),11个表型性状间大多数呈显著或显著的正相关关系;通过欧氏聚类分析可将7个种源青海云杉划分为5个类群。【结论】不同种源青海云杉球果与种子的表型性状变异较为广泛,变异来源丰富。因此,在青海云杉种子园遗传改良过程中,应根据不同的育种目的,充分考虑种源间和种源内的变异情况,本研究在青海云杉种质资源收集、遗传多样性保护以及遗传改良方面具有一定的指导意义。 相似文献
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黄连木天然群体表型变异与多样性研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
以11个黄连木天然群体为试材,对18个表型性状的变异与多样性进行分析,结果表明:黄连木表型性状存在极其丰富的群体间和群体内变异,各性状间的变异系数相差较大,变幅为4.249%~27.31%,果实性状的变异系数最小,受较高的遗传控制。群体间平均表型分化系数VST为22.27%,说明群体内变异是黄连木遗传变异的主要来源,采用聚类分析的方法,把11个群体分为4类,表型性状与地理气候因子相关分析表明除百果重、千粒重、种长几个性状外,多数表型性状随地理位置的改变没有明显的变化,但有随着经度、纬度的增加而逐渐增大趋势。 相似文献
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《中南林业科技大学学报(自然科学版)》2020,(10)
【目的】通过揭示不同板栗种质资源在迁西地区的表型多样性、变异规律及变异水平,为迁西地区板栗的引种、育种等工作提供依据。【方法】以6个板栗群体39份板栗种质资源为研究对象,在坚果成熟期采集刺苞与坚果,并测定其相关表型性状。采用双因素巢式分组试验设计方差分析、聚类分析方法进行多样性分析。【结果】1)刺束长度在群体内存在显著性差异,而在群体间差异性不显著,其余9个性状指标在群体内和群体间差异均达到显著水平;2)各性状指标变异系数均存在显著性差异。北京、河北、湖北、山东板栗群体平均变异系数较大;3)群体间平均变异与群体内平均变异比约为2:11,表明各性状群体内的变异远高于群体间的变异;4)采用系统聚类中Ward聚类法进行聚类分析,结果与地理分布格局基本相吻合。【结论】板栗刺苞与坚果表型形态性状多样性丰富;其中北京、河北、湖北、山东板栗群体平均变异系数较大,说明其板栗表型性状多态性较为丰富,性状遗传稳定性较低,具有较大的遗传潜力;通过对比群体间与群体内的变异系数得出群体内变异是板栗表型性状呈多样性的主要来源;根据聚类结果可以得到地理分布相近的板栗群体可以相互引种。 相似文献
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Phoebe bournei (Hemsl.) Yang is a rare and protected plant in China. This study was conducted to determine the phenotypic variation in this species and to document phenotypic variation within and among populations of P. bournei. Nested analysis of variance, coefficient of variation, multiple comparisons, principal component analysis (PCA) and correlation analysis were used to analyze ten phenotypic traits in ten natural populations of P. bournei from both the northeastern and the primary region of the range of this species. Significant differences among and within populations were observed in leaf and seed phenotypic traits. Variation among populations (34.92%) was greater than that within populations (26.19%). The mean phenotypic differentiation coefficient was 53.77% among populations, indicating that variation among populations comprised the majority of the phenotypic variation of P. bournei. The coefficient of variance (CV) of ten traits varied from 6.44 to 18.45%, with an average of 12.03%. The CV of leaf traits among populations (15.64%) was higher than that of seed traits (8.60%), indicating that seed traits were more stable. The results from CV and PCA indicated that leaf area, leaf length and thousand seed weight were the main factors accounting for the observed phenotypic variations. Significant or highly significant correlations were observed among most leaf and/or in seed phenotypic traits, whereas no significant correlations were observed between phenotypic traits and geographic factors. Based on cluster analysis, the ten populations can be divided into three clusters. These clusters were not a result of geographic distances. 相似文献
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This study represents a geographical approach to morphological variation of cones, needles and seeds in natural dragon spruce
(Picea asperata Mast.) populations across western China and the relationship between morphological traits and weather variation for the origins
of populations. Significant differences were found for all cone, needle and seed traits among populations and trees within
populations. The coefficients of variation in 2 higher latitude populations were higher than those in other populations in
all traits except for needle width and seed width. Fairly high within-population variability was also detected for cone dry
weight, seed dry weight and needle traits in this study. Cone length, cone width, cone dry weight, seed scale length, seed
scale width and seed wing length were strongly positively intercorrelated. Seed length and seed dry weight showed a significantly
positive correlation with seed wing length. And needle width showed a significant negative correlation with cone traits, seed
scale length, seed wing length and seed length. The higher the annual mean temperature, the higher the average cone length.
This study also revealed a negative linear dependence on latitude: the higher the latitude, the lower the population average
seed length. Seed dry weight was positively and linearly related with altitude. 相似文献
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Yulan Xu Keith Woeste Nianhui Cai Xiangyang Kang Genqian Li Shi Chen Anan Duan 《林业研究》2016,27(1):41-49
Pinus yunnanensis Franch. is a major component of coniferous forests in southwestern China. Little is known about its intraspecific variation. Morphological variations in needle and cone traits of P. yunnanensis were analyzed to quantify variability among and within natural populations.Seven traits were measured on 10 needles collected from 30 trees in each of the 18 sampled populations of P. yunnanensis. Four cone traits were measured in 221 individual trees from nine populations. The results showed that there were significant differences(p \ 0.01) both among populations and within populations in each needle and cone trait.The proportion of phenotypic variation of nearly all needle and cone traits was over 50 % within populations, which showed trees within populations accounted for a majority of the total variation. The needle traits showed higher variability within population than cone traits. Variability in theneedle traits was correlated with geo-climatic parameters(longitude, latitude, altitude, temperature, and precipitation).Needle length and the ratio of needle length to fascicle sheath length showed clinal variation in response to latitudinal and altitudinal gradients. A hierarchical classification of all populations based on needle traits led to the formation of four major groups. The findings provide important genetic information for the evaluation of variation. Moreover, it will assist in management of genetic diversity of P. yunnanensis. 相似文献
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Biogeographic Differences in Cone, Needle and Seed Morphology among Natural Picea asperata Populations in Western China 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
Luo Jian-xun Zhang Xiao-lu Gu Wan-chun 《中国林学(英文版)》2005,7(2):1-6
This study represents a geographical approach to morphological variation of cones, needles and seeds in natural dragon spruce （Picea asperata Mast.） populations across western China and the relationship between morphological traits and weather variation for the origins of populations. Significant differences were found for all cone, needle and seed traits among populations and trees within populations. The coefficients of variation in 2 higher latitude populations were higher than those in other populations in all traits except for needle width and seed width. Fairly high within-population variability was also detected for cone dry weight, seed dry weight and needle traits in this study. Cone length, cone width, cone dry weight, seed scale length, seed scale width and seed wing length were strongly positively intercorrelated. Seed length and seed dry weight showed a significantly positive correlation with seed wing length. And needle width showed a significant negative correlation with cone traits, seed scale length, seed wing length and seed length. The higher the annual mean temperature, the higher the average cone length. This study also revealed a negative linear dependence on latitude： the higher the latitude, the lower the population average seed length. Seed dry weight was positively and linearly related with altitude. 相似文献
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山桐子(Idesia polycarpa Maxim.)属大风子科(Flacourtiaceae)山桐子属(Idesia Maxim.)植物,主要分布于我国长江流域、华北和西北南部的17个省区。另外,朝鲜、日本的南部也有分布[1]。山桐子树干通直,树形美观,生长迅速,适应性强,材质优良,3年生实生苗木即可挂果,是我国南方主要城市园林绿化和用材树种之一.研究发现,山桐子果实含油率及油中不饱和脂肪酸含量较高,而不饱和脂肪酸中尤以亚油酸含量最高[2-3]. 相似文献
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This research investigated and selected 4 natural populations of Picea likiangensis in Yunnan province, based on its natural distribution. The length, width, dry weight and C, N, P contents in needles of the 4 populations were measured to survey the phenotypic variation of natural populations and the relationship between the phenotypic variation and their altitude of distribution areas. The methods of ANOVA analysis, multi-comparison and correlation analysis were used for analyzing the data measured. The results showed that, there were remarkable (P<0.01) variations in needle length, width and dry weight among populations, with component of variance 15.05%-28.03%, but no variation of them within populations. The dry weight was significantly (P<0.01) positively correlated to the needle length and width, and their correlation coefficients were 0.466 39 and 0.665 67, respectively. Regarding to element content in needles, there were significant (P<0.05) variations of N and P contents, and C/N ratio among populations, excepting C content. Moreover, the component of variance among populations was higher (29.98%-37.56%) when compared with that within populations, and there was distinctly (P<0.01) variance of N/P ratio among populations, and its component of variance was 60.44%. For correlations between needle length and N/P ratio, altitude was negatively and significantly (P<0.01) correlated; for needle width, altitude was significant (P<0.01) positive correlated, for C content and C/N ratio, altitude was significantly (P<0.05) positively correlated. 相似文献
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[目的]通过对濒危植物水青树叶表型性状的测量分析,研究其表型变异程度和变异规律,并从遗传和环境适应角度探讨其致濒机制,为其天然种群的有效保护及管理提供科学依据。[方法]对来自14个水青树天然种群的90个个体的17个叶形态及其表皮微形态性状进行测量,利用巢式方差分析、多重比较、主成分分析、聚类分析、相关分析等多种分析方法,探讨种群间和种群内的叶表型变异及其与地理、环境因子的相关性。[结果](1)水青树17个叶表型性状在种群内和种群间均存在显著差异;(2)17个性状的平均表型分化系数为46.69%,种群内的变异(31.83%)大于种群间的变异(28.85%),种群内变异是水青树叶表型变异的主要来源;(3)各性状平均变异系数(CV)为12.56%,变异幅度为4.17%26.25%;(4)水青树叶表型变异与年均日照时数、7月均温及年均降雨量等环境因子有关,变异呈现出随经度、纬度、海拔的梯度渐变规律;(5)利用主成分分析结果进一步聚类,可将14个水青树天然种群分为3大类。[结论]水青树天然种群间叶表型分化处于中等水平,种群内变异程度较低,其对环境的适应范围缩减,适应能力较差,这可能是导致水青树濒危的重要原因。据此,提出了相应的保护措施以便对其进行有效保护。 相似文献