共查询到19条相似文献，搜索用时 906 毫秒
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本文结合柴达木盐湖资源开发 ,对国内盐湖化工产品 ,主要是钾盐、镁盐、钠盐、锂盐、溴、碘、硼的市场需求进行分析 ,供开发决策时参考 相似文献
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吉兰泰盐湖位于内蒙古西部贺兰山以西的吉兰泰凹陷中.早在清代时期,该盐湖就成为我国西部重要的石盐原材料基地.经历数年来的大规模开采,该盐湖石盐资源出现了危机.虽然当地采取了一系列措施,但未能从根本上遏制可开采资源日渐减少的趋势.尽管前人多以时间为主线研究了吉兰泰盐湖的演化过程,但对盐湖资源及其空间分布的研究较少.因此,文中收集了吉兰泰盐湖地区的水文地质钻孔资料,借助地理信息系统(GIS)平台,对石盐矿层及其下伏深湖亚相地层进行空间分析,尝试探讨吉兰泰盐湖的空间演化并在当前采盐区周边探寻可采资源潜力.结合前人的研究资料,文中认为自距今10ka以来湖盆中心向东北部发生了约3km的迁移;在现今吉兰泰盐湖的工业采区的西南部地区存在约1300万t的潜在石盐储量,盐层厚约2m,延伸面积约6km2. 相似文献
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为探明纳木错盐湖中度嗜盐放线菌的数量、种类组成、拮抗活性和酶活性。采用盐浓度为5%和10%的4种分离培养基,利用稀释平板倾注法对盐湖土壤和水样放线菌进行分离,通过形态特征、培养特征和细胞壁化学组成对放线菌进行初步鉴定,并对分离到的放线菌进行抑菌和酶活性试验。结果表明：从纳木错盐湖土壤和水样中分离到36株中等嗜盐放线菌,其中土样中26株,水样中10株。分别属于链霉菌属（Streptomyces）、诺卡氏菌属（Nocardia）、拟诺卡氏菌属（Nocardiopsis）和红球菌属（Rhodococcus）。放线菌形态学排重后合并为13株,抑菌活性实验结果表明,分别有4株放线菌对小麦赤霉菌、小麦根腐病菌和烟草赤星病菌有抑菌活性,抑菌率占30.8%。其中对小麦根腐病菌的抑制活性最强,最大抑菌圈直径达22 mm。酶活性测定发现,纳木错盐湖中度嗜盐放线菌的酶活性菌株数少且弱。 相似文献
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民勤荒漠植被的形成与演替过程及其发展趋势 总被引：4，自引：1，他引：3
甘肃省民勤县是我国的典型荒漠化地区,自西汉以来生态环境逐渐退化,植被经历了一个从沼泽植被到盐生草甸植被再到荒漠植被的退化过程。水资源的变化是决定当地植被退化的主导因子,在大面积湖泊、河流背景上是沼泽植被,在干涸湖泊、河床背景上的是盐生草甸植被,在沙质荒漠背景上的是荒漠植被。目前,荒漠植被正处于进一步退化过程中。退化演替的同一阶段存在多种演替过程,现阶段存在着荒漠植被退化演替和盐生草甸植被向荒漠植被演替2种退化过程。20世纪中叶,在当地是从盐生草甸植被向荒漠植被演替的过渡时期,20世纪50年代以来,荒漠植被逐渐占据了优势。目前的天然种子植物共有22个科,72个属,127个种,其中以典型荒漠为主,共有3个植被型,7个群系组,17个群系。植物种类少,群落结构简单,群落随生境的分异性较大。目前的植被正处在进一步退化过程中,植物种类和面积减少,大面积枯梢、死亡,优势种的优势度增大。现阶段决定荒漠植被生长状况的主要是大气降水,植被盖度和密度随年际降水量变化较大,尤其是一年生草本植物。目前影响植被退化的人为因素主要是上游来水量减少,地下水严重超采、草场严重超载和造林密度过大等。在干旱内陆盆地,一旦水资源供给减少,湖盆、河道干涸,泥沙出露,形成沙漠和沙漠化则是必然结果。 相似文献
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张奎璧 《干旱区资源与环境》1988,(4)
吉兰太盐湖是阿拉善地区重要的资源宝库。但长期以来,风沙的侵害严重地威胁着湖区盐业的生产及盐湖的存在。为了使荒漠地区这一重要资源继续为社会主义建设服务,近几年来围绕盐湖防沙及综合治理进行了多方面研究。本文是这一研究的较概括而全面的总结。 相似文献
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我国西北地区湖泊萎缩、干涸,大面积裸露湖床成为化学粉尘的释放源。湖床植被能有效抑制粉尘排放,提高干涸湖床植被覆盖度成为生态治理的重要举措之一。本研究以内蒙古北部边缘典型现代干涸盐湖--巴拉嘎斯湖为研究区,通过野外调查,样带选择,实地采样分析和实验室统计分析,研究了干涸湖床地下水及土壤化学属性对湖区自然植被分布的控制作用。结果表明:在地下水和土壤化学属性影响下,湖区植被从干涸湖床至湖滨依次呈现芦苇群落、盐爪爪群落、芨芨草群落、红砂群落和小针茅群落的环状分布。湖区自然植被分布主要受地下水水位、地下水总溶解性固体(TDS)与土壤有效磷含量的控制。地下水埋深由湖床至湖滨逐渐增加,地下水TDS逐渐减小,当地下水埋深为4 m左右且TDS较低(<10 g·L^-1)时,植被群落呈现最大生物量及最大覆盖度。土壤有效磷对植被分布影响最大,其次是土壤中SO4^2-。当土壤含盐量能满足原生自然植被正常生存的条件时,地下水与土壤有效磷含量应是人工恢复植被优先考虑的因素。 相似文献
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柴达木盆地锂资源开发 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
随着科学技术的发展,锂及其化合物的用途越来越广,世界各地锂产品的需要量逐年增加,价格越来越高。青海柴达木盆地有着丰富的盐湖锂矿资源,大力开发锂及其化合物产品,对于振兴青海经济将会起巨大推动作用。本文从锂的应用、柴达木盆地及世界锂盐资源、市场需求、提锂工艺及盆地盐湖锂盐资源开发的可行性进行探讨。 相似文献
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吉兰泰盐湖环境演化及沙害成因 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
吉兰泰盐湖位于内蒙古自治区阿拉善盟境内，乌兰布和沙漠西南边缘。属典型温带荒漠。本文主要论述盐湖形成过程，环境演化及沙害成因。介绍盐湖目前的沙害状况。 相似文献
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居延海的演变与环境变迁 总被引：17，自引：3，他引：17
刘亚传 《干旱区资源与环境》1992,6(2):9-18
本文根据实地考察,参考历史资料并利用卫片、航片,对居延海的形成、演变及其湖泊生态环境的变化进行了研究;并对终端湖和居延海的排泄,以及影响湖泊演变的因素等问题加以探讨。 相似文献
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青海湖生态旅游规划研究 总被引：4，自引：2，他引：2
青海湖是全国最大的内陆咸水湖 ,不仅以浩大和湖内盛产湟鱼及有众多的鸟闻名 ,更以有鸟岛、沙岛、沙山等自然旅游资源而受世人关注。随着西部大开发和社会经济的发展 ,发展青海湖生态旅游业具有重要的经济、社会和生态效益。文章在分析青海湖生态旅游资源特征的基础上 ,探讨了发展青海湖生态旅游业的意义 ,并提出了发展青海湖生态旅游业的目标、原则、布局、建设内容和旅游路线 相似文献
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Soil salinization has adverse effects on the soil physical-chemical characteristics.However,little is known about the changes in soil salt ion concentrations and other soil physical-chemical characteristics within the Qarhan Salt Lake and at different soil depths in the surrounding areas.Here,we selected five sampling sites(S1,S2,S3,S4,and S5)alongside the Qarhan Salt Lake and in the Xidatan segment of the Kunlun Mountains to investigate the relationship among soil salt ion concentrations,soil physical-chemical characteristics,and environmental variables in April 2019.The results indicated that most sites had strongly saline and very strongly saline conditions.The main salt ions present in the soil were Na+,K+,and Cl-.Soil nutrients and soil microbial biomass(SMB)were significantly affected by the salinity(P<0.05).Moreover,soil salt ions(Na+,K+,Ca2+,Mg2+,Cl-,CO32-,SO42-,and HCO3-)were positively correlated with electrical conductivity(EC)and soil water content(SWC),but negatively related to altitude and soil depth.Unlike soil salt ions,soil nutrients and SMB were positively correlated with altitude,but negatively related to EC and SWC.Moreover,soil nutrients and SMB were negatively correlated with soil salt ions.In conclusion,soil nutrients and SMB were mainly influenced by salinity,and were related to altitude,soil depth,and SWC in the areas from the Qarhan Salt Lake to the Xidatan segment.These results imply that the soil quality(mainly evaluated by soil physical-chemical characteristics)is mainly influenced by soil salt ions in the areas surrounding the Qarhan Salt Lake.Our results provide an accurate prediction of how the soil salt ions,soil nutrients,and SMB respond to the changes along a salt gradient.The underlying mechanisms controlling the soil salt ion distribution,soil nutrients,and SMB in an extremely arid desert climate playa should be studied in greater detail in the future. 相似文献
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Qinghai Lake is the largest saline lake in China.The change in the lake volume is an indicator of the variation in water resources and their response to climate change on the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau(QTP)in China.The present study quantitatively evaluated the effects of climate change and land use/cover change(LUCC)on the lake volume of the Qinghai Lake in China from 1958 to 2018,which is crucial for water resources management in the Qinghai Lake Basin.To explore the effects of climate change and LUCC on the Qinghai Lake volume,we analyzed the lake level observation data and multi-period land use/land cover(LULC)data by using an improved lake volume estimation method and Integrated Valuation of Ecosystem Services and Trade-offs(InVEST)model.Our results showed that the lake level decreased at the rate of 0.08 m/a from 1958 to 2004 and increased at the rate of 0.16 m/a from 2004 to 2018.The lake volume decreased by 105.40×108 m3 from 1958 to 2004,with the rate of 2.24×108 m3/a,whereas it increased by 74.02×108 m3 from 2004 to 2018,with the rate of 4.66×108 m3/a.Further,the climate of the Qinghai Lake Basin changed from warm-dry to warm-humid.From 1958 to 2018,the increase in precipitation and the decrease in evaporation controlled the change of the lake volume,which were the main climatic factors affecting the lake volume change.From 1977 to 2018,the measured water yield showed an"increase-decrease-increase"fluctuation in the Qinghai Lake Basin.The effects of climate change and LUCC on the measured water yield were obviously different.From 1977 to 2018,the contribution rate of LUCC was -0.76% and that of climate change was 100.76%;the corresponding rates were 8.57% and 91.43% from 1977 to 2004,respectively,and -4.25% and 104.25% from 2004 to 2018,respectively.Quantitative analysis of the effects and contribution rates of climate change and LUCC on the Qinghai Lake volume revealed the scientific significance of climate change and LUCC,as well as their individual and combined effects in the Qinghai Lake Basin and on the QTP.This study can contribute to the water resources management and regional sustainable development of the Qinghai Lake Basin. 相似文献
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新疆博斯腾湖生态环境变迁分析 总被引：13，自引：2，他引：11
博斯腾湖曾是我国最大的内陆淡水湖 ,也是新疆境内现存的最大湖泊。湖泊水位为 1 0 4 8.0 m左右 ,东西长约 5 5 Km,南北宽 2 0～ 2 5 km,湖水水面积为 1 1 60 km2 ,湖水容积 84.1× 1 0 8m3 ,水深在 8～ 1 5 m之间 ,平均水深 8.1 m。具有蓄洪灌溉 ,提供丰富的水生动植物资源、改善焉耆盆地及塔里木河下游生态系统与环境、发展旅游业、促进区域经济可持续发展等多种功能。全新世以来的水环境变化 ,尤其是近 5 0年来博斯腾湖水环境的变化 ,引起众多专家学者的关注 [1～ 4] 。经过实地考察、调查、取样分析和系统研究认为要使博斯腾湖的含盐量降低到和保持在 1 .0 g/L以下 ,必须采取一系列措施。 相似文献
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西北典型内陆湖泊近40年来的演化特点及机制分析 总被引：13，自引：0，他引：13
利用40年来的实测数据研究揭示了西北典型内陆湖泊的演化特点及机制。研究表明:赛里木湖气候向暖湿转变,降水逐渐增加,处于湖面稳定扩张阶段;青海湖降水无明显变化,入湖地表径流却逐年减少,湖泊处于持续萎缩阶段;察尔汗盐湖,入湖水量少,湖面蒸发量大,处于干涸、半干涸状态,更容易萎缩。影响湖泊演化的因子主要是气候变化及人类活动。 相似文献
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博斯腾湖的咸化与淡化 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
成正才 《干旱区资源与环境》1996,10(4):33-42
博斯腾湖的功能是多方面的，在南疆经济建设中很重要。本文对该湖概况、湖体效应、水质演变、水盐平衡、生态环境等作了介绍和分析，提出了治理建议，对湖水淡化作了预测。 相似文献
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内蒙古岱海水质咸化过程分析 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
岱海是我国北方半干旱地区的一个内陆湖,近几十年来,由于受到人类活动的强烈干预,湖泊水位持续下降,湖水水质出现恶化,2004的水质调查数据显示,目前岱海湖水矿化度4 658.6mg/L,已接近咸水湖标准。从近50年的变化历程来看,岱海呈现出明显的咸化趋势,且咸化速度不断加快。利用流域内的水文、气象数据,并结合湖泊及河流的水化学特征,建立岱海盐量平衡方程,对岱海湖水矿化度进行模拟计算,恢复了近50年岱海湖水矿化度的变化序列。依此序列对岱海水质咸化的影响因子进行量化计算,结果显示:湖泊萎缩对水质咸化的影响占到86.5%,而由入湖径流与降水所带入的盐分对水质咸化的影响仅占到13.5%。 相似文献
19.
HuiXia CHAI 《干旱区科学》2013,5(2):188-198
Inland lakes are important water resources in arid and semiarid regions. Understanding climate effects on these lakes is critical to accurately evaluate the dynamic changes of water resources. This study focused on the changes in Sayram Lake of Xinjiang, China, and addressed the effects of climate fluctuations on the inland lake based on long-term sequenced remote sensing images and meteorological data from the past 40 years. A geographic information system (GIS) method was used to obtain the hypsometry of the basin area of Sayram Lake, and estimation methods for evaporation from rising temperature and water levels from increasing precipitation were proposed. Results showed that: (1) Areal values of Sayram Lake have increased over the past 40 years. (2) Both temperature and precipitation have increased with average increases of more than 1.8℃ and 82 mm, respectively. Variation of the water levels in the lake was consistent with local climate changes, and the areal values show linear relationships with local temperature and precipitation data. (3) According to the hypsometry data of the basin area, the estimated lake water levels increased by 2.8 m, and the water volume increased by 12.9×10 8 m3 over the past 40 years. The increasing area of Sayram Lake correlated with local and regional climatic changes because it is hardly affected by human activities. 相似文献