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1.
奶牛子宫复旧的B-超影像学研究 总被引：3，自引：1，他引：2
应用连续直肠检查法和Ｂ型实时超声断层扫描仪（Ｂ－ 超）监测法,对３８ 头中国荷斯坦奶牛的子宫复旧过程和复旧规律进行研究。实验结果表明：经连续直肠检查法监测,受试牛子宫孕角、空角和子宫颈复旧的平均时间分别为（３７．４±３１） 、（３１４±４９）和（３６．８ ±４９） ｄ;用Ｂ－ 超监测则为（３５．５ ±４．５）、（３０．８ ±５．９） 和（３７ ．５ ±５．０） ｄ。并且Ｂ－超监测还发现,分娩当天子宫肌层平均厚度为１．６５ ｃｍ ,产后第２３ 天时减少到１．３５ ｃｍ ;产后第５ 天在超声影像上可见子宫内膜,平均厚度为０．３ｃｍ ,第１５ 天为０ ．６ｃｍ ,而到产后２３ ｄ 平均增厚到１．０２ｃｍ ,子宫复旧完成时,子宫壁平均厚度为１．０ ｃｍ ;两子宫角的横切面轮廓清晰,大小基本相同,超声影像变白。 相似文献
2.
大约克猪经过五个世代选育，选育指标－日增重、背膘厚和选种指数值均获得提高。公猪分别由５７２．９１±７．３６ｇ提高到８６１．５０±７．２５ｇ，由２．１４±０．５５ｃｍ下降到１．６２±０．１１ｃｍ与由１００分上升到１３１．６１±２．１１（分）。母猪分别由５０１．２９±８．４９ｇ提高到６３４．２２±７．４１ｇ，由２．４９±０．３４ｃｍ下降到１．７７±０．２３ｃｍ与由１００分上升到１２８．１１±２．３５分 相似文献
3.
狭翅雏蝗蝗蝻抽样技术的研究 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
本文在空间格局研究的基础上,对狭翅雏蝗蝗蝻在不同密度下的理论抽样数及序贯抽样技术进行了研究。结果表明：狭翅雏蝗蝗蝻的理论抽样数可据ｎ＝（１／Ｄ２）（１２７５６／ｍ＋０３６１８）确定,序贯抽样可依Ｉｗａｏ法确定的两条截止线Ｔｏ（ｎ）＝８０７５ｎ±１１４１０５ｎ和据Ｋｕｎｏ确定的最大抽样数Ｔｎ＝１２７５６／（Ｄ２－０３６１８／ｎ）结合起来使用。 相似文献
4.
应用Ｂ型实时超声断层扫描仪（Ｂ－ 超），对奶牛子宫复旧过程进行研究。对３８ 头中国荷斯坦奶牛，用Ｂ－ 超和连续检查法监测了子宫复旧过程。结果，经连续直肠检查法监测，受试牛子宫孕角、空角和子宫颈复旧的平均时间分别为（３７ ．４±３．１）、（３１．４ ±４．９）和（３６．８ ±４．９） ｄ；用Ｂ－ 超监测则为（３５ ．５±４．５） 、（３０．８ ±５．９）和（３７．５ ±５．０）ｄ。并且Ｂ－超监测还发现，分娩当天子宫肌层平均厚度为１．６５ ｃｍ ，产后２３ ｄ 时减少到１．３５ｃｍ ；产后第５ 天在超声影像上可见子宫内膜，平均厚度为０ ．３ ｃｍ ，第１５ 天为０ ．６ ｃｍ ，而到产后２３ ｄ 平均增厚到１．０２ ｃｍ ，子宫复旧完成时，子宫壁平均厚度为１ ．０ ｃｍ ；两子宫角的横切面轮廓清晰，大小基本相同，超声影像变白。研究表明Ｂ－ 超监测奶牛子宫复旧过程是可行的。 相似文献
5.
本研究用１５只处于生长期的西农莎能奶山羊（平均日龄为１３４５±５７，平均体重为１８７±１０５ｋｇ），随机分为５组，分别按自由采食，０８９８６，０７１８９和０５３９１ＭＪＭＥ／ｋｇＷ０７５等４个能量水平饲养。通过两期饲养试验、消化代谢试验、比较屠宰试验、呼吸代谢试验研究生长期莎能奶山羊的能量代谢率和代谢能转化效率。结果表明，生长期莎能奶山羊代谢能用于维持和生长的效率差异很大；环境温度对维持代谢能转化为维持净能的效率影响很大，低温环境下的转化效率高于高温环境下的转化率。在两种不同环境温度条件下测定的维持代谢能转化为维持净能的效率分别为Ｋｍ＝０５９３０（ｔ＝１８５℃）和Ｋｍ＝０９７６６（５℃），生长代谢能转化为生长净能的效率分别为ＫＧ＝０２４４４（ｔ＝１８５℃）和ＫＧ＝０１７８９（ｔ＝５℃）。 相似文献
6.
根据Ｉｗａｏ的抽样数模型，确定出门源草原毛虫（Ｇｙｎａｅｐｈｏｒａｍｅｎｙｕａｎｅｎｓｉｓ）的最适抽样数。当防治指标标为３０头／ｍ￣２时，序贯抽样的累积幼虫量界限公式为：Ｔ＿０（Ｎ）＝３０ｎ±２９．７１当ｔ＝１．６４，或Ｔ＿０（Ｎ）＝３０ｎ±３５．５１，当ｔ＝１．９６。在高寒草甸中，棋盘式抽样方法是随机取样幼虫和茧的最佳方式。 相似文献
7.
8.
瘤胃灌注不同比例的混合VFA对肉牛血液相关代谢指标影响规律的研究 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
以装有瘤胃瘘管的成年肉用阉牛（体重３９０±３０ｋｇ）喂１００％羊草的基础日粮,通过瘤胃瘘管灌注４种不同摩尔比例（乙酸：丙酸：丁酸分别为７５：１５：１０,６５：２５：１０,５５：３５：１０和４５：４５：１０）的混合ＶＦＡ,按４×４拉丁方试验设计测定了灌注后血液ＣＯ２结合力、血液总酮体水平、血糖及胰岛素水平。结果如下：瘤胃灌注４种不同比例的ＶＦＡ对血液ＣＯ２结合力、血液总ＶＦＡ浓度和血液总酮体水平无显著影响（Ｐ＞００５）。瘤胃液中的丙酸比例超过１８５５％时,血液中葡萄糖和胰岛素水平显著增加（Ｐ＜００５）,血液中葡萄糖（Ｙ,ｍｍｏｌ／Ｌ）和胰岛素（Ｙ,μｇ／Ｌ）水平分别与瘤胃液中的丙酸比例（ｍｏｌ／１００ｍｏｌ）存在线性正相关,回归方程式分别为：Ｙ＝１７１０＋００７８Ｘ（ｒ＝０９６７,ｎ＝４）;Ｙ＝７２１２＋００２０Ｘ（ｒ＝０９２２,ｎ＝４）。ＶＦＡ转化为体脂肪的效率（ｋｆ,Ｙ,％）和可消化氮转化为沉积氮的效率（ＲＮ／ＤＮ,Ｙ,％）分别与血液中葡萄糖水平（Ｘ,ｍｍｏｌ／Ｌ）呈线性正相关,回归方程分别为：Ｙ＝－２８４９９＋２１４４４Ｘ（ｒ＝０９６９,ｎ＝４）;Ｙ＝－１６６４１＋１４５１３ 相似文献
9.
柔嫩艾美尔球虫和巨形艾美尔球虫的分离与鉴定 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
采用单卵囊分离技术，获得了两纯种球虫，鉴定为柔嫩艾美尔球虫（Ｅｉｍｅｒｉａｔｅｎｅｌａ）和巨形艾美尔球虫（Ｅ．ｍａｘｉｍａ）。主要鉴定指标：柔嫩艾美尔球虫，虫体寄生于鸡盲肠，卵囊呈卵圆形或宽卵圆形，有极体，无内、外残余体，测２００个卵囊的平均大小为（２０１６±１６１）×（１５５９±１１３）μｍ，测２００个孢子囊的平均大小为（１１６４±０８５）×（５．８６±０．５９）μｍ，潜隐期１４１ｈ，最短孢子化时间１９ｈ；巨形艾美尔球虫，虫体主要寄生于小肠中段，卵囊大，呈卵圆形，金黄色，有极体，无内、外残余体，测２００个卵囊的平均大小为（２８５１±１９８）×（２１．７９±１．５０）μｍ，测２００个孢子囊的平均大小为（１６３１±１０４）×（７．７８±０．４９）μｍ，潜隐期１２４ｈ，最短孢子化时间３２ｈ。 相似文献
10.
11.
《Domestic animal endocrinology》1986,3(3):177-183
Hypophysial stalk transection (HST) or sham operation (S-HST) was performed on 14 prepuberal gilts, 169 ± 3 days of age and 72.8 ± 3.4 kg body weight (day of surgery = Day 0). Gilts received 1,000 IU of pregnant mare's serum gonadotropin (PMSG) or saline vehicle (V) intramuscularly (im) on Day 2 resulting in the following groups: S-HST + V (n=3), S-HST + PMSG (n=4), HST + V (n=3) and HST + PMSG (n=4). Ovarian morphology and weights were recorded after ovariectomy on Day 6. Gilts were weighed on Day 59 ± 3. Sequential blood samples were collected via jugular vein cannula from 6 S-HST and 6 HST gilts on Day 60 ± 3, and all gilts were necropsied on Day 86 ± 7. Body weight gain and whole pituitary gland weight were greater (P<0.05) for S-HST than HST gilts. Mean serum LH concentration, basal serum LH concentration, frequency of LH peaks and LH peak amplitude were greater (P<0.005) for S-HST than HST gilts. Serum PRL and GH, were similar for both groups. Total ovarian and follicular fluid weights were greater (P<0.05) in S-HST gilts given PMSG than those of the other three groups which did not differ. Therefore, PMSG stimulated follicular growth in S-HST gilts, but failed to stimulate follicular growth in HST gilts. We suggest that a critical basal serum LH and/or FSH concentration must be maintained to support and promote follicular growth and a pulsatile delivery of GnRH to the anterior pituitary gland by an intact brain-pituitary unit may be required to provide this basal serum gonadotropin concentration. 相似文献
12.
Catalase activity in equine semen 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Ball BA Gravance CG Medina V Baumber J Liu IK 《American journal of veterinary research》2000,61(9):1026-1030
OBJECTIVE: To characterize the activity of catalase in equine semen. ANIMALS: 15 stallions of known and unknown reproductive history. PROCEDURE: Seminal plasma was collected from raw equine semen by centrifugation, and samples of seminal plasma were frozen prior to assay for catalase activity. Tissue samples (n = 3 stallions) from the bulbourethral gland, prostate gland, vesicular gland, and testis were homogenized, and cauda epididymal fluid was collected for determination of catalase activity. Catalase activity was determined as an enzyme kinetic assay by the disappearance of H2O2 as measured by ultraviolet spectrophotometry. RESULTS: Catalase activity in equine seminal plasma was 989.3 +/- 1678 U/ml (mean +/- SEM), and the specific activity of catalase in equine seminal plasma was 98.7 +/- 29.2 U/mg of protein. Specific activity of catalase in tissue homogenates was significantly higher in the prostate gland (954 +/- 270 U/mg of protein) than in the ampulla (59 +/- 5 U/mg of protein), bulbourethral gland (54 +/- 11 U/mg of protein), vesicular gland (39 +/- 3 U/mg of protein), cauda epididymal fluid (11 +/- 3 U/mg protein), or testis (54 +/- 6 U/mg of protein). CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Equine seminal plasma contains a high activity of catalase that is derived primarily from prostatic secretions. Procedures such as semen cryopreservation that remove most seminal plasma from semen may reduce the ability to scavenge H2O2 and thereby increase the susceptibility of spermatozoa to oxidative stress. 相似文献
13.
In this study, the histo-anatomy of the accessory reproductive glands of the Anatolian souslik (Spermophilus xanthoprymnus) is investigated, using 102 males of the vouchers which were captured from central Anatolia and eastern Mediterranean regions. Averages of measurements taken from each part of the accessory reproductive glands were as follows: length of vesicular gland [right: 3.96 (+/-0.48) mm; left: 3.70 (+/-0.55) mm]; prostate gland [length: 2.55 (+/-0.38) mm; width: 2.63 (+/-0.45) mm]; length of bulbourethral gland [right: 2.32 (+/-0.33) mm; left: 2.37 (+/-0.39) mm], and the length of the pars pelvina of the urethra was 12.31 (+/-0.76) mm. Histological sections showed that vesicular gland was composed of typically branched tubulo-alveolar glands. As the fibrous connective tissue that was found among alveoles in the prostate was dense and relatively common, only few tubulo-alveolar glands occurred. The bulbourethral gland (Cowper's gland) was a tubulo-alveolar gland with a large and serrated lumen and septa between the alveoles consisted of dense fibro-muscular fibres. 相似文献
14.
INGE DURIE GUNTHER VAN LOON SIMON VERMEIRE DOMINIQUE DE CLERCQ KATLEEN VANSCHANDEVIJL PIET DEPREZ 《Veterinary radiology & ultrasound》2010,51(5):540-544
Little information is available on medical imaging of the adrenal glands in horses. We investigated the feasibility of transrectal ultrasonography to characterize the normal equine adrenal gland. Transrectal ultrasonography was performed in 25 healthy horses using a 7.5 MHz linear array probe at a displayed depth of 8 cm. Transrectal ultrasonography of the right adrenal gland was not feasible. For the left adrenal gland, the left kidney, the abdominal aorta, the left renal artery, the left renal vein, and the cranial mesenteric artery were used as landmarks. The size of the left adrenal gland was variable, but it generally appeared as a long, flat structure with a hyperechoic medulla surrounded by a hypoechoic cortex. The most cranial part of the gland could not be delineated appropriately in 11 horses (44%). The mean (±SD) thickness of the gland and medulla was 0.66±0.15 cm (n=25) and 0.28±0.09 cm (n=25) near the caudal pole, 0.87±0.25 cm (n=14) and 0.40±0.18 cm (n=12) near the cranial pole, and 0.89±0.18 cm (n=25) and 0.36±0.13 cm (n=25) in the middle of the gland, respectively. The mean (±SD) length of the entire adrenal gland and of the medulla was 6.22±0.77 cm (n=14) and 5.45±0.71 cm (n=6), respectively. Transrectal ultrasonography allowed adequate visualization of the left adrenal gland in horses. 相似文献
15.
M Vignoli M Russo G Catone F Rossi G Attanasi R Terragni JH Saunders GCW England 《Reproduction in domestic animals》2011,46(2):209-213
Vascular perfusion was assessed in 10 dogs without prostatic abnormalities and 26 dogs with prostatic disease using contrast‐enhanced ultrasound. The time to reach peak contrast intensity (TTP) and peak perfusion intensity (PPI) were measured, and histological biopsies were collected from each dog. Biopsies confirmed normal prostate (n = 10), benign prostatic hyperplasia (n = 11), mixed benign pathology (n = 9), prostatitis (n = 1), prostatic malignancy [adenocarcinoma (n = 4); leiomyosarcoma (n = 1)]. In normal dogs, mean PPI was 16.8% ± 5.8 SD, and mean TTP was 33.6 ± 6.4 s. Benign conditions overall were not statistically different from normal dogs (p > 0.05); for benign prostatic hyperplasia, mean PPI was 16.9 ± 3.8%, and mean TTP was 26.2 ± 5.8 s; for mixed benign pathology mean PPI was 14.8 ± 7.8%, and mean TTP was 31.9 ± 9.7 s; for prostatitis, PPI was 14.2%, and TTP was 25.9 s. The malignant conditions overall had perfusion values that differed from the normal dogs (p < 0.05), although evaluation of the data for individual malignancies did not demonstrate a consistent trend; for adenocarcinomas, the PPI was numerically higher with a mean of 23.7 ± 1.9%, and the mean TTP was 26.9 ± 4.8 s, whilst for the dog with leiomyosarcoma values were numerically lower with a PPI of 14.1% and TTP of 41.3 s. Contrast‐enhanced ultrasound appears to offer some ability to document differences in perfusion that may differentiate between malignant and benign lesions, although studies with larger numbers of animals are required to confirm this contention. 相似文献
16.
Feige K Eser MW Geissbühler U Balestra E Metzler K 《Schweizer Archiv für Tierheilkunde》2000,142(2):49-54
Hirsutism was the most often observed symptom in horses with a pituitary gland tumor and was present in all 13 examined horses. Other symptoms were atrophy of muscles (n = 10), hyperhidrosis (n = 8), polyuria/polydipsia (n = 5), bulging or supraorbital fat (n = 3), polyphagia (n = 2), apathy (n = 2) and seizures (n = 2). Laminitis was the most frequently observed concurrent disease (n = 8). Hyperglycaemia (mean, 9.9 +/- 3.71 mmol/l) in 13 horses and glucosuria (median, 55 [range, 2-55] mmol/l) in 7 horses were the most important laboratory results. The dexamethasone suppression test was positive in all tested horses (n = 9) 20 h after administration of dexamethasone. The pituitary gland tumor was visible in every case underwent computed tomography (n = 7). From these results it can be concluded that a pituitary gland tumor can be suspected based on typical clinical signs. Hyperglycaemia and glucosuria support the preliminary diagnosis and a positive dexamethasone suppression test allows a final diagnosis. 相似文献
17.
The macroscopic and light microscopic structure of the vesicular and bulbourethral glands was investigated in male pigs, which were castrated early in life and examined at slaughter weight. The vesicular glands showed a constant morphological pattern while in the bulbourethral glands an individual variation was observed in the number of mucous acini and the amount of interstitial tissue. In spite of this variation in the normal structure, the latter gland as well as the vesicular gland showed reliable changes after treatment with diethylstilboestrol. 相似文献
18.
J C Deschamps R S Ott K McEntee E H Heath R R Heinrichs R D Shanks J E Hixon 《American journal of veterinary research》1987,48(1):137-147
Effects of zeranol on scrotal circumference, serving ability, semen characteristics, and postmortem measurements of the genital organs were determined in beef bulls from 9 to 20 months of age. Group 1 (n = 5) served as a nonimplanted control group. Group 2A (n = 5) was implanted with 36 mg of zeranol at birth and at 3 and 6 months of age. Group 2B (n = 5) was implanted with 36 mg of zeranol every 3 months from birth through 18 months of age. Scrotal circumference was adversely affected by zeranol in groups 2A and 2B, but values approached those of group 1 with increasing age. Serving ability was also affected adversely but tended to recover with increasing age. Semen quality was low in groups 2A and 2B and did not improve with increasing age. There was no difference in testicular weight, vesicular gland weight, and penis length among groups when bulls were slaughtered at 20 months of age. Epididymal weight was greater in group-2B bulls and was most likely a consequence of epididymal lesions. Histologic examination of the genital organs revealed that zeranol induced adenomyosis and sperm granulomas in the caudae epididymidis and markedly altered the structure of the sexual accessory glands of bulls in groups 2A and 2B. Alterations in the vesicular glands were characterized by reduced alveolar development and an increase in connective tissue. Low epithelium associated with focal areas of squamous metaplasia were common in the prostate of groups 2A and 2B bulls. Lesions in the bulbourethral glands were characterized by low glandular epithelium, focal areas of squamous metaplasia, cystic collecting ducts, and an increase in connective tissue. Groups 2A and 2B had more abnormal seminiferous tubules than did group 1. Lesions in groups 2A and 2B may have been direct effects of zeranol or may have resulted from reduced testosterone secretion. 相似文献
19.
Nishita T Tanaka Y Wada Y Murakami M Kasuya T Ichihara N Matsui K Asari M 《Veterinary research communications》2007,31(1):83-92
Concentrations of bovine carbonic anhydrase isozyme VI (CA-IV) in bovine serum, saliva, normal milk, colostrum, submandibular
gland, liver, and mammary gland were determined. CA-VI was purified from bovine saliva and an antibody to CA-VI was generated.
The concentrations of CA-VI in the saliva (7.8 ± 7.9 μg/ml), serum (2.1± 5.7 ng/ml), milk (7.9 ± 12.1 ng/ml), submandibular
gland (284.7 μg/g protein), liver (921.0 ± 180.7 ng/g protein) and mammary gland (399.6 ± 191.2 ng/g protein) were determined
by ELISA. No seasonal change in CA-VI levels was observed in normal milk. The concentration of CA-VI in colostrum (day 1 post
partum) was 119 ng/ml and decreased rapidly by 1 month following birth. Mammary gland contained much smaller amounts than
the submandibular gland. CA-VI mRNA was detected in the liver and mammary gland of cow by RT-PCR. The ELISA used in this study
proved to be a precise and sensitive method for determining CA-VI concentrations in saliva, serum, milk and tissue specimens
from cows. The ELISA may enable the study of changes in CA-VI associated with hereditary or metabolic disorders of the salivary
gland, mammary gland and liver using small samples of saliva, serum or milk. 相似文献
20.
Vionna Kwan Katherine Quesenberry Alexandre B. Le Roux 《Veterinary radiology & ultrasound》2020,61(3):322-328
The aim of this retrospective reference interval observational study was to determine the mensuration of the pituitary gland (hypophysis cerebri) by analyzing CT studies in rabbits without clinical evidence of pituitary disease or central neurologic signs. Though diseases of the rabbit pituitary gland are uncommon, the pituitary gland is essential in regulation of the rabbit's endocrine system, as in other species. Currently, there are minimal published studies that detail the rabbit head anatomy on cross‐sectional imaging, and even less specifically examining the pituitary gland. The pituitary gland was measured by one observer at a single time point from transverse and reconstructed sagittal CT images in a soft‐tissue algorithm in 62 rabbits for a total of 66 rabbit head CT studies. The rabbits ranged from 0.84 to 14 years in age (mean ± SD: 5.46 ± 3.05 years) and 0.92 to 4.95 kg in weight (2.21 ± 0.83 kg). Linear pituitary measurements were performed using electronic calipers. The mean ± SD pituitary height was 4.22 ± 0.57 mm, width was 4.48 ± 0.71 mm, and length was 6.02 ± 0.70 mm. The pituitary gland height‐to‐brain area ratio was 1.10 ± 0.16 mm?1, which is much higher than the values reported in normal dogs and cats. The age, weight, and sex of the rabbits were not found to have a significant impact on pituitary gland mensuration. These measurements could be useful as a reference range for future rabbit head CT studies and to rule out pituitary enlargement or disease when evaluating rabbit pituitary glands. 相似文献