首页 | 本学科首页   官方微博 | 高级检索  
相似文献
 共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 906 毫秒
1.
Eighty-five male Han-Wistar rats were arranged into three groups: CCl4-exposed rats, CCl4 + betaine-exposed rats, and control rats. To see the effect of betaine alone, five rats of the control and of the CCl4 + betaine groups were sacrificed after 7 days, before exposure to CCl4. After that, two of the groups (the CCl4 and CCl4 + betaine groups) were exposed to CCl4 (1 ml/kg per day subcutaneously [SC] for 4 consecutive days), and one of the groups (control group) was given olive oil (1 ml/kg per day SC for 4 consecutive days). At the start of the study (day 0), day 1, day 2, day 3, day 4, and 3 days after the last CCl4 and olive oil injections (day 7), samples of five rats per group were sacrificed, and the livers were taken for chemical analyses and histological examination. Oral betaine, after the acclimation period of a week, increased the number of mitochondria but not mitochondria size (day 0), compared with the case in control rats. Exposure to CCl4 resulted in centrilobular hepatic steatosis, and the administration of betaine significantly reduced this. Morphometric analyses also revealed that the addition of betaine increased the volume density of rough endoplasmic reticulum (RER) in the perinuclear areas of liver cell cytoplasm (day 7). Additionally, the administration of betaine prevented the reduction of Golgi complexes and mitochondrial figures in the cytoplasm observed after the exposures to CCl4. Also, the volume density of mitochondria was smallest in the CCl4-group, but the difference was not statistically significant. The results indicate that oral betaine either improves recovery or reduces the toxic effects of CCl4 on cell organelles in liver cells of male Han-Wistar rats.  相似文献   

2.
Carbon tetrachloride (CCl(4)) -induced hepatotoxicity is a commonly used model for investigating lipid peroxidation-related tissue injury. In the present study, the effect of flaxseed extract was observed on histological sections, glutathione-content and DNA strand breaks. Lignan-containing flaxseed extract (1.6 g/kg body weight/day) was daily administered with intragastric injection to rats for three days, on the fourth day, CCl(4) (2 g/kg) was intraperitoneally injected. Liver tissue was sampled at 24 hr after administering CCl(4). Liver-necrosis was observed in CCl(4)-injected rats without pretreatment of flaxseed extract. Pretreatment of flaxseed extract reduced extent of the necrosis found 24 hr after the intraperitoneal administration of CCl(4). Pretreatment of flaxseed extract protect against CCl(4)-induced decrease of reduced glutathione-content measured from reactions with 5,5'-dithiobis-(2-nitrobenzoic acid) and also protect against the elevation of DNA strand breaks in the liver cells measured by comet assay. Flaxseed-extract appears to protect liver cells against CCl(4)-induced necrosis.  相似文献   

3.
  相似文献   

4.
This study was conducted to investigate the effect of vitamin A and E supplementation on the antioxidant defences of broiler chickens against carbon tetrachloride (CCl(4))-induced oxidative stress at 4 weeks of age. Superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GPX) activities as well as total antioxidant (TAO) level were analysed before and after CCl(4) challenge. Day-old Lohman broiler chickens (n = 144) were randomly assigned to six factorially arranged dietary treatments consisting of vitamin A [1.35 (control) or +20 mg/kg] and vitamin E [20 (control), +40 or +60 mg/kg]. The background of vitamins A and E in the basal diet was 4500 IU (1.35 mg) and 30 IU (20 mg) respectively. At 4 weeks of age, eight chickens from each treatment were bled before interperitoneal injection with 1 ml of CCl(4) (mixed with olive oil in a ratio of 1:1) and bled again 24 h post-injection. Vitamin E supplementation decreased (p < 0.05) the activity of both SOD and GPX and showed a tendency (p = 0.07) for TAO reduction. CCl(4) attenuated SOD and GPX activities as well as TAO level. The decrease was profound (p < 0.05) in chickens fed the basal diet as well as those fed basal diet supplemented with 20 mg vitamin A. TAO levels behaved similarly when chickens were challenged with CCl(4). After CCl(4) injection, SOD activities of all experimental groups were equivalent. The presence of vitamin A decreased (p < 0.05) plasma GPX activity in chickens fed the basal diet supplemented with 40 mg/kg of vitamin E. Results of this experiment suggested that vitamin E supplementation elevated antioxidant enzyme activities while vitamin A supplementation attenuated this effect. Vitamin E supplementation improved the total reducing power by maintaining comparable levels of TAO upon CCl(4) challenge. Further experiments need to be carried out to investigate the role of vitamin A in oxidative stress and to evaluate the lipid peroxidation products.  相似文献   

5.
We have investigated the accumulation of diacylglycerol (DAG) induced by carbon tetrachloride (CCl4)-derived radicals in the liver of female Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats after intraperitoneally injecting CCl4. DAG is an intracellular activator of protein kinase C (PKC) which regulates cell proliferation and differentiation. The electron spin resonance (ESR) study gave the signal of the PBN-CCl3 adduct in the liver of the rats which were pretreated with PBN, confirming that CCl4 was metabolized into CCl3. radicals with cytochrome P450 enzyme and indicating that PBN could trap them. The blood biochemical assay supported the trapping of the CCl3. radicals; the pretreatment of rats with PBN inhibited the increase in the GOT and GPT values upon exposure to CCl4. The Fourier transform-infrared (FT-IR) study indicated in comparison with the model compounds that the CCl4-injected rats accumulated DAG in addition to phosphatidylcholine, phosphatidylethanolamine and triglyceride (TG) in the lipid membrane fraction of the liver homogenate. DAG was found to be ca. 10-15% of the membrane phospholipids by weight. However, DAG was not found in the lipid of the liver microsomes, suggesting that it is formed only in the cell membrane of liver. Also, neither DAG nor TG was found in the lipid membrane of the rats that were pretreated with PBN followed by an injection of CCl4. The formation of DAG was confirmed by an HPLC study. The activation of PKC was observed in liver homogenate in the rats that were injected with CCl4. On the basis of the above findings, it was concluded that the CCl4-derived radicals stimulate PKC through the accumulation of DAG in the liver membrane of the rats. Furthermore, it was shown that PBN has a protective and therapeutic effect against CCl4-induced damage.  相似文献   

6.
The efficiency of preventive administration of silymarin and of silymarin medication were tested in dogs suffering from CCl4 intoxication of liver. Sixteen dogs of the Beagle breed at the age of 8 to 10 months and of the weight 11.5 to 14.0 kg were divided into four groups with four animals each. Those groups were administered per os a single dose of CCl4, 0.35 ml per kg liveweight contained in sunflower oil. The intact control groups was given sunflower oil free of any additive. Silymarin was administered per os in the form of suspension in the Dorfman reagent twice a day at the dose of 100 mg per kg. Silymarin was administered to the animals of the treated group four days after intoxication, to those of the preventively treated group four days before intoxication. The intact control group and the CCl4 intoxicated control were administered the pure Dorfman reagent. Pure CCl4 induced a significant increase in the AST and ALT activity in 12 and 24 hours after administration, and histological lesions in the liver--vacuolization of hepatocytes and necrobiosis of nuclei. The curative effects of silymarin on these changes were low. The protective effects of silymarin were manifested by the significantly lower AST and ALT activities in the 12th and 24th hour of the trial and by the insignificantly lower extent of lesions in liver parenchyma if compared with the control CCl4 intoxicated group.  相似文献   

7.
The aim of this experiment was to investigate whether the amount of Cu added to the diet of rats can be reduced without adversely affecting the antioxidant status of tissues and growth, and whether copper nanoparticles can be used for this purpose. For four weeks, four experimental groups of rats were fed diets with two dosages of added Cu (standard—6.5 or 3.25 mg/kg) in two forms (standard—CuCO3 or copper nanoparticles). Replacing the CuCO3 supplement with CuNPs resulted in a decreased lung weight and an increased Cu content in brain, kidney and lung, intensification of lipid peroxidation processes, and weakened antioxidant defence in the lungs and kidneys. This treatment also reduced the Cu content in heart, level of lipid oxidation in the liver and testes and improved antioxidant defence in the brain. Reducing the addition of Cu to the diet from 6.5 to 3.25 mg/kg reduced lung weight and increased lipid peroxidation in the liver, heart and lungs, and also weakened antioxidant defence in the lungs and testes. This treatment also weakened the lipid peroxidation process in the spleen, small intestine and brain and strengthened the antioxidant defence of the brain and kidneys. In conclusion, replacing CuCO3 with CuNPs and reducing the level of Cu in the diet of rats has a particularly unfavourable effect on the respiratory system, causing adverse changes in the lungs. However, these treatments have a clearly positive effect on the redox status of the liver and brain.  相似文献   

8.
This study was conducted to investigate whether administration of IH901, a ginseng intestinal metabolite, ameliorates exercise-induced oxidative stress while preserving antioxidant defense capability in rat skeletal muscles and lung. Eight adult male Sprague-Dawley rats per group were randomly assigned to the resting control, exercise control, resting with IH901 (25, 50, and 100 mg/kg) consumption (R/IH901), or exercise with IH901 (25, 50, and 100 mg/kg) consumption (E/IH901) group. The trained groups ran 35 min 2 days/week for 8 weeks. To analyze the IH901-training interaction, serum biochemical analysis, lipid peroxidation, citrate synthase, protein oxidation, antioxidant and superoxide dismutase in skeletal muscles and lung tissue were measured. Compared to the exercise control group, animals that consumed IH901 had significantly increased exercise endurance times (p < 0.05) and decreased plasma creatine kinase and lactate dehydrogenase levels (p < 0.05), while those in the E/IH901 groups had increased citrate synthase and anti-oxidant enzymes and decreased lipid peroxidation and protein oxidation (p < 0.05). In conclusion, IH901 consumption in aging rats after eccentric exercise has beneficial effects on anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidant activities through down-regulation of pro-inflammatory mediators, lipid peroxidation, and protein oxidation and up-regulation of anti-oxidant enzymes.  相似文献   

9.
作者旨在研究低聚原花色素（oligomeric proanthocyanidins,OPC）对夏季肉鸡体内抗氧化酶及胸肌品质的影响。将144只28日龄的AA肉用公鸡分为4个处理组,每个处理组6个重复,每个重复6只鸡。分别饲喂含0、50、100、200 mg/kg OPC的4种日粮,饲养于7月中旬高温季节,试验持续3周。研究结果发现,100、200 mg/kg OPC显著提高肉鸡血清、肝脏中的SOD、GSH-Px酶活性（P<0.05）,但对CAT酶无显著影响。100、200 mg/kg OPC显著降低血清CK酶的活性（P<0.05）,50 mg/kg以上OPC显著降低血清、肝脏中的MDA含量（P<0.05）,同时200 mg/kg OPC显著提高肉鸡胸肌pHi,100、200 mg/kg OPC显著降低胸肌L*值、滴水损失和剪切力值（P<0.05）,不同剂量OPC对pHu、肉色a*值和b*值的影响未达到显著水平。研究结果表明,低聚原花色素可上调肉鸡体内的抗氧化酶,降低体内脂质过氧化物的含量,维持肌纤维膜的完整性。这种作用可能与二氢杨梅素改善胸肌肉色、滴水损失和嫩度有关。  相似文献   

10.
The first objective of this work was to study the conversion of propionate to glucose by liver of the sheep during experimentally induced liver necrosis. An additional objective was to determine the most appropriate sampling time after a propionate load has been given to use glucose concentration as an aid in the diagnosis of disturbed liver function. Sodium propionate (3 mmol/kg) was injected IV into 6 healthy sheep before and after they were given carbon tetrachloride (20% CCl4 in mineral oil; 0.25 ml of CCl4/kg, orally). To differentiate the effects of liver necrosis from the effects of decrease in food intake after CCl4 administration, 5 sheep which were fasted for 2 days, but not given CCl4, were studied. Microscopically, liver necrosis was observed, as well as an increase of fatty infiltration in nonnecrotic liver tissue. After sheep were given CCl4, the plasma liver-specific enzyme activities (namely, those of iditol dehydrogenase and gamma-glutamyl-transferase) were elevated. Microscopic and enzymatic changes were not observed in fasted animals. Serum sulfobromophthalein (BSP) half-life (t1/2) was markedly increased in the sheep given CCl4 treatment (t1/2 = 22.8 +/- 11 minutes) when compared with the t1/2 before treatment (t1/2 = 2.5 +/- 0.2 minutes). The BSP t1/2 did not differ between fed and fasted sheep. The t1/2 of the IV propionate load increased significantly, from 6.9 +/- 0.4 minutes in the control sheep to 12.8 +/- 2 minutes in the CCl4-treated sheep, whereas an insignificant increase was seen after fasting (6.8 +/- 1 minutes to 8.3 +/- 1 minutes.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)  相似文献   

11.

  1. The ameliorative potential and antioxidant capacity of an extract of Urtica dioica seeds (UDS) was investigated using histopathological changes in liver and kidney, measuring serum marker enzymes, antioxidant defence systems and lipid peroxidation (malondialdehyde (MDA)) content in various tissues of broilers exposed to aflatoxin (AF).

  2. A total of 32 broilers were divided randomly into 4 groups: control, UDS extract-treated, AF-treated and AF+UDS extract-treated. Broilers in control and UDS extract-treated groups were fed on a diet without AF. The AF-treated group and AF+UDS extract-treated groups were treated with an estimated 1 mg total AF/kg feed. The AF+UDS extract groups received in addition 30 ml UDS extract/kg diet for 21 d.

  3. The AF-treated group had significantly decreased body weight gain when compared to the other groups.

  4. Biochemical analysis showed a small increase in the concentrations of serum aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase, gamma glutamyl transpeptidase and lactate dehydrogenase in the AF-treated group compared to that of the control group, whereas concentrations of these enzymes were decreased in the AF+UDS group compared to that of the AF-treated group.

  5. Administration of supplementary UDS extract helped restore the AF-induced increase in MDA and reduced the antioxidant system towards normality, particularly in the liver, brain, kidney and heart. Hepatorenal protection by UDS extracts was further supported by the almost normal histology in AF+UDS extract-treated group as compared to the degenerative changes in the AF-treated broilers.

  6. It was concluded that UDS extract has a protective hepatorenal effect in broilers affected by aflatoxicosis, probably acting by promoting the antioxidative defence systems.

  相似文献   

12.
  相似文献   

13.
The objective of the present study was to investigate the curative and antioxidative efficacy of ivermectin and ivermectin + vitamin E-selenium, and the influence of these agents on oxidative stress parameters in canines infested by Sarcoptes scabiei. Twenty two sarcoptic mites infested dogs and nine healthy dogs of 6 months to 2 years of age were divided into three groups. Group I comprised of healthy dogs (n = 9) whereas animals in group II (n = 11) and III (n = 11) were positive for scabies. Group II animals were treated with only 1% ivermectin @ 0.2 mg/kg SC whereas group III were additionally treated with Vitamin E and selenium (tocopherol 50 mg + Se 1.5 mg/ml) @0.5 ml/20 kg IM at weekly intervals for three times. Blood samples were collected on day 0 and 28 post therapy. The values for hemato-biochemical parameters and activities of antioxidant enzymes were significantly decreased (P < 0.05) whereas level of lipid peroxidation was significantly increased in all the infested dogs in comparison to the healthy dogs on day 0 which approached normalcy by day 28 post therapy. The dogs of group III showed better clinical recovery in comparison to group II at the end of therapy. Thus, administration of vitamin E and selenium in addition to standard therapy can alleviate these alterations hastening the clinical recovery of diseased dogs and can be recommended as an adjunct therapy with miticides for canine sarcoptic mange.  相似文献   

14.
Vitamin E (alpha-tocopherol) is an antioxidant vitamin important in protecting unsaturated fatty acids in lipid membranes from peroxidation. Variation in collection, storage, and shipping conditions of samples can potentially lead to breakdown of vitamin E prior to analysis. Therefore, the purposes of this project were 1) to determine the stability of vitamin E in refrigerated and frozen porcine liver and serum and 2) to evaluate the effects of red blood cell (RBC) hemolysis on porcine serum vitamin E concentrations. Porcine liver and nonhemolyzed serum were collected and stored refrigerated or frozen. Samples were analyzed for vitamin E immediately or on days 2, 3, 7, or 14. In addition, porcine RBCs were added to normal serum at concentrations from 1 x 10(6) to 1 X 10(9) RBC/ml and hemolyzed by freeze-thaw prior to analysis for vitamin E or products of lipid peroxidation.  相似文献   

15.
Fifteen yearling steers were used to study the preventive effect of vitamin E on the protection against free radicals produced by carbon tetrachloride (CCl4). The animals were randomly divided in three equal groups and treated as follows: group A--previously injected (i.m.) with 15 IU/kg BW on the 15th and second day before the trial and drenched with 0.05 ml/kg BW CCl4; group B--only drenched with the same dose of CCl4; group C--drenched with a placebo. Food intake was recorded and blood samples collected daily for 8 days after the CCl4 drenching to compare the activity of aspartate aminotransferase (AST), gamma-glutamyltransferase (gamma-GT) and the levels of erythrocyte reduced glutathione (GSH) and serum malonyldialdehyde (MDA). Food intake was reduced in group B for the first 3 days (P < 0.05); higher activities of AST and gamma-GT were observed in the poisoned groups, nevertheless the overall values were lower in the group A than B (P < 0.02); only the group A reached the basal values of AST at the seventh day; higher levels of GSH and MDA were recorded in the poisoned cattle indicating the generation of free radicals. It was concluded that the preventive use of Vitamin E lessened the damage in hepatic tissue caused by the free radicals and prevented the anorexia caused by CCl4.  相似文献   

16.
The influence of liposome-entrapped catalase and/or superoxide dismutase on bleomycin-induced rat lung injury was studied. Liposome-entrapped catalase and/or superoxide dismutase increase antioxidant enzyme activities in the lung tissue of bleomycin-treated rats. The level of lipid peroxidation products (malondialdehyde, conjugated dienes, lipid hydroperoxides) was significantly lower in liposome-entrapped catalase and/or superoxide dismutase supplemented rats with bleomycin-injured lungs. It is suggested that liposomes are good vectors for drugs in the treatment of bleomycin-induced lung fibrosis.  相似文献   

17.
研究脱落酸(ABA)对四氯化碳所致小鼠急性肝损伤的保护作用。70只ICR小鼠随机分为空白组、空白对照组、模型组、联苯双酯组、ABA高、中、低剂量组,连续ig给药10 d,于末次给药1 h后,除空白组和空白对照组按0.01 m L/g注射橄榄油外,其余各组均按体重注射体分数10%的CCl_4(CCl_4用橄榄油稀释),6 h后,脊椎脱臼处死小鼠,收集血液,检测血清中ALT、AST、TC、TG、HDL-c水平,取肝脏制备肝匀浆测定GSH-Px、MDA、SOD活性,HE染色,光镜下观察肝组织病理变化。结果表明:ABA各剂量组均能明显改善因CCl_4造成肝损伤引起的血脂异常,一定剂量的ABA可以降低肝损伤小鼠血清中ALT、AST水平的升高,降低肝匀浆中小鼠MDA含量,升高SOD、GSH-Px活性,减轻CCl_4对肝组织的病理损伤。ABA对CCl_4致小鼠急性肝损伤具有一定的保护作用,其保护机制可能与改善小鼠因CCl_4致小鼠急性肝损伤引起的血脂异常,清除自由基,抑制脂质过氧化,减轻肝组织的损伤有关。  相似文献   

18.
The aim of this experiment was to determine what dosage of copper (Cu) nanoparticles, added to a standard dietary supplementation with copper sulfate, would improve antioxidant and immune defense in chickens. The experiment was conducted with 126 broiler chickens assigned to seven treatments with three pens per treatment and six broiler chickens per pen. The basal‐diet treatment did not receive Cu nanoparticles (nano‐Cu) and as shown by analyses it was Cu‐deficient (?29% vs. National Research Council (NRC) recommendations; 5.7 vs. 8 mg/kg). Broiler chickens received nano‐Cu (0.5, 1.0 or 1.5 mg/kg body weight per day) via a tube into the crop over three 3‐day periods (days 8–10, 22–24 and 36–38) or three 7‐day periods (days 8–14, 22–28 and 36–42). As a result, in the nano‐Cu‐treated broilers the total experimental Cu intake was from ?11% to +96% versus NRC recommendations. At the age of 42 days of broilers, their blood indices were determined. The obtained results showed that correction of the deficient basal diet of chickens with nano‐Cu to a level of copper exceeding the NRC recommendation by 54% increased the antioxidant potential of the organism and inhibited lipid peroxidation. At the dosage of +96% versus NRC, some symptoms of a deterioration in antioxidant status appeared (a decrease in the level of glutathione plus glutathione disulfide and an increase in superoxide dismutase, catalase and ceruloplasmin activity and in lipid hydroperoxide content). Additionally, +7% versus the recommended Cu dietary level was followed by unfavorable results, indicating a deterioration in red blood cell parameters and stimulation of the immune system (an increase in interleukin‐6, immunoglobulin A (IgA), IgM and IgY). To conclude, it was shown that it is possible to simultaneously increase antioxidant and immune defense of chickens by supplementing their diets with nano‐Cu – up to 12 mg per bird during 6 weeks of feeding, that is to a level no more than 7% over the NRC recommendation for growing broiler chickens.  相似文献   

19.
To compare the effect of fenbendazole on the liver and liver microsomal mono-oxygenases of goats, quail and rats, an oral dose of 25 mg/kg was administered to the animals daily for 9 consecutive days. On the tenth day, blood samples and livers were collected from both the control and the treated animals for preparation of serum and microsomes respectively. Determination of the activities of sorbitol dehydrogenase (SDH), alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) in the serum samples showed that there was no significant increase in the activities of these enzymes in the treated animals as compared to their corresponding controls, suggesting no liver damage. Similarly, no significant difference in the amount of microsomal cytochrome P-450 was found between the control and the treated animals of the same species. Compared to their respective controls, the activities of microsomal benzphetamine N-demethylase and aniline hydroxylase were almost unchanged in the treated goats and rats. However, fenbendazole treatment appeared to enhance the activity of these two microsomal enzymes in quail. The results indicate that fenbendazole is not liver toxic to goats, quail or rats at a dose rate of 25 mg/kg.  相似文献   

20.
Betulinic acid (BA), a pentacyclic lupane-type triterpene, has a wide range of bioactivities. The main objective of this work was to evaluate the hepatoprotective activity of BA and the potential mechanism underlying the ability of this compound to prevent liver damage induced by alcohol in vivo. Mice were given oral doses of BA (0.25, 0.5, and 1.0 mg/kg) daily for 14 days, and induced liver injury by feeding 50% alcohol orally at the dosage of 10 ml/kg after 1 h last administration of BA. BA pretreatment significantly reduced the serum levels of alanine transaminase, aspartate transaminase, total cholesterol, and triacylglycerides in a dose-dependent manner in the mice administered alcohol. Hepatic levels of glutathione, superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase, and catalase were remarkably increased, while malondialdehyde contents and microvesicular steatosis in the liver were decreased by BA in a dose-dependent manner after alcohol-induced liver injury. These findings suggest that the mechanism underlying the hepatoprotective effects of BA might be due to increased antioxidant capacity, mainly through improvement of the tissue redox system, maintenance of the antioxidant system, and decreased lipid peroxidation in the liver.  相似文献   

设为首页 | 免责声明 | 关于勤云 | 加入收藏

Copyright©北京勤云科技发展有限公司  京ICP备09084417号