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浙江省竹类资源丰富,竹产业发达,是全国重点产竹省。2008年初特大雨雪冰冻灾害致使该省竹林遭受重创,受灾面积52万hm~2,占竹林总面积的66.4%;直接经济损失36亿元,占林业总损失的37.7%。在介绍南方雨雪冰冻灾害成因的基础上,首先评估了竹林受灾、民生问题、生态功能、次生灾害等4方面的灾害影响;其次,从海拔、混交林和纯林、年龄结构、毛竹钩梢、林地垦抚和使用除草剂、坡度和生长位置等方面分析了竹林受灾原因;最后提出了6项灾害预防对策。 相似文献
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浙江省公益林雨雪冰冻灾情评估及恢复重建对策 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
对全省公益林小班进行灾情调查.2008年初雨雪冰冻灾害导致浙江省200万hm2公益林中的78.15万hm2受灾,其中重度以上(受损木比重≥30%)受灾面积达23.33万hm2,受灾区位以水系源头、自然保护区等生态区位非常重要和生态环境非常脆弱地区为主.经初步测算,本次雨雪冰冻灾害造成直接经济损失26.08亿元,生物总量减少1 172.61万t,未来10年累计各项生态损失942.71亿元.提出开展雨雪冰冻灾害对区域环境影响的监测与评估、受灾公益林生态系统恢复技术研究及实施灾后恢复重建工程等对策建议. 相似文献
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浙江省竹林冰雪灾情分析与更新复壮措施 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
针对2008年特大雨雪冰冻灾害,分析了浙江省竹林雨雪冰冻灾害状况,经济损失、受灾原因,提出了受灾竹林更新复壮的原则和技术措施。 相似文献
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雨雪冰冻灾后毛竹林恢复与重建技术 总被引：4，自引：1，他引：3
今年元月我国南方特大的雨雪冰冻灾害,造成毛竹林受灾严重。本文对毛竹林受灾状况进行分析,并提出了灾后毛竹林恢复与重建技术及提高毛竹林抗灾减灾力的措施。 相似文献
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江西安福林区毛竹林雨雪冰冻灾情调查分析 总被引：7，自引：0，他引：7
对江西安福毛竹林2008年发生大面积雨雪冰冻灾情的调查和分析.结果表明:毛竹受灾程度与海拔高、林分密度和立竹年龄等有显著相关,其受灾规律为海拔350 m和1 000 m的毛竹林受灾程度分别为51.8%和71.7%;壮龄竹和幼龄竹的受灾程度分别为29.7%和53%;林分密度为2 400～3 000株·hm-2的毛竹林受灾程度为32.5%,分别是立竹度为3 000株·hm-2以上和2 400株·hm-2以下的损失率48.3%和90.3%.此外,毛竹林受灾程度还受林分类型、不同坡度、不同坡向等影响,其表现为纯林大于混交林,陡坡大于缓坡,西北坡大于南坡,说明此次毛竹受灾程度是多因素综合作用的结果. 相似文献
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Embedding tests parallel and perpendicular to the grain were conducted to produce a database of embedding strength of wood for the design of dowel-type joints. Dowel diameters were 8,12,16, and 20mm. Embedding strength was evaluated by the 5% off-set method and a maximum load up to 5mm displacement according to EN383. The embedding strength parallel to the grain evaluated by the former method showed values close to those obtained with the latter method, but they showed a significant difference in tests conducted perpendicular to the grain. The embedding strength parallel to the grain was 0.9 times as large as the compressive strength parallel to the grain regardless of the evaluation method. The embedding strength perpendicular to the grain evaluated by the 5% off-set method was four times as large as the compressive strength perpendicular to the grain. When the embedding strength perpendicular to the grain was evaluated by a maximum load up to 5mm displacement according to EN383, the ratio of embedding strength perpendicular to the grain to the compressive strength perpendicular to the grain decreased as the dowel diameter increased.Part of this paper was presented at the annual meeting of the Architectural Institute of Japan 1999, Hiroshima, September 1999; the 50th annual meeting of the Japan Wood Research Society, Kyoto, April 2000; and the World Conference on Timber Engineering 2000, Whistler, Canada, July–August, 2000 相似文献
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毛竹不同种源竹材物理力学性质初步研究 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
通过对来自福建建瓯试验地16个毛竹种源竹材的密度、顺纹抗压强度、顺纹抗剪强度、顺纹抗拉强度和弦向抗弯强度及其弹性模量等物理力学性质的初步研究,结果表明:竹材物理力学性质在各种源之间存在一定的差异,其中湖南株洲的毛竹竹材物理力学性质比于其它种源的毛竹要好,而安徽霍山的毛竹竹材的物理力学性质较差,测量的各指标中有基本密度、抗剪强度、抗拉强度三项指标都达到最低;竹材密度的大小、抗拉强度的高低随种源纬度的降低而呈降低的趋势,而竹材的抗剪强度呈与之相反的趋势。 相似文献
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湿地松与马尾松人工林木材物理力学性质的比较研究 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
庄奇 《中南林业调查规划》2004,23(2):58-59
通过对湿地松和马尾松人工林木材物理力学性质的测定和比较分析,结果表明:湿地松人工林木材密度、干缩系数和除冲击韧性以外的力学强度均稍大于马尾松人工林木材,而冲击韧性则恰恰相反.经差异显著性t检验表明:湿地松和马尾松木材物理力学性质指标中顺纹抗压强度、抗弯强度、弦面顺纹抗剪强度和冲击韧性差异极显著,气干密度、基本密度、径面顺纹抗剪强度和端面硬度差异显著,除此之外的其余指标差异不显著. 相似文献
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竹节对竹材力学强度影响的研究 总被引：9，自引：2，他引：9
本文对毛竹和刚竹的带节材与不带节竹材的主要力学性质研究表明,带节竹材的抗弯强度、顺纹抗压、抗剪、抗拉强度和冲击韧性都有一定程度降低的趋向,但抗劈开强度和横纹抗拉强度却有明显提高。影响竹材力学强度的主要因素是维管束数量、维管束排列方向及维管束中纤维的力学强度,了解这些规律,对复合材料的结构仿生有重要参考作用。 相似文献
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Static bending tests and compressive test parallel to the grain of sugi (Japanese cedar, Cryptomeria japonica) green round timber were conducted to confirm whether its strength would satisfy the referenced strength determined by the Construction Ministry. The strength of green round timber and air-dried round timber were compared for bending and compression parallel to the grain. The strength change ratio in response to a 1 % change in the moisture content of round timber was compared with that of small clear specimens and timber. The results revealed that a 5 % parametric tolerance limit of bending and compressive strength parallel to the grain satisfied the referenced strength, even when using green round timber. The average strength of air-dried round timber was higher than that of green round timber, in both bending and compression parallel to the grain, with significant differences indicated at a 5 % significance level. The relation between the cross-section area that includes round timber, timber and the small clear specimens, and the strength change ratio in response to a 1 % change in moisture content change was fitted to a logarithm curve. Thus, the size of the specimen was considered to affect the strength change ratio. 相似文献
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Jürgen Follrich Alfred Teischinger Wolfgang Gindl Ulrich Müller 《Wood Science and Technology》2007,41(6):501-509
To evaluate the effect of grain orientation on the adhesive bond strength, three-layered Norway spruce wood specimens were
tested in shear. The two axial-oriented outer layers were jointed with the middle layer using three typical glues for load
bearing constructions, i.e. one-component polyurethane (PUR), melamine–urea–formaldehyde (MUF) and phenol–resorcinol–formaldehyde
(PRF). The grain orientation of the middle layers was varied from 0° (parallel to grain of the surface layer) to 90° (perpendicular
to grain of the surface layer) in incremental steps of 10°. Samples with middle layers oriented parallel to the outer layers
showed shear values in the range of solid spruce wood. Decreased shear strength values were expected for increased grain angles
of the middle layer. However, no explicit tendency was observed for the shear strength in dependence of the grain direction.
In general, MUF-bonded samples showed slightly higher shear strength values compared with PUR- and PRF-bonded specimens. 相似文献
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WANG Xiaohuan HUANG Rongfeng ZHENG Hongkui LI Hua LIU Xiuying . Research Institute of Wood Industry Chinese Academy of Forestry Beijing P. R. China . Inner Mongolia Agricultural University Hohhot P. R. China 《中国林业科技(英文版)》2006,5(4):16-22
INTRODUCTION The main body of ancient architecture is wood construction in China, and the main bearing components of the buildings usually use timber, such as pillar, beam, purlin, crossbeam and rafter. Timber is a kind of biomaterial and will be damaged by fungal attack or insects after long time use, which will cause wood frames destroyed ultimately. Timber decay not only exists in its surface, but also usually begins with the inner of wood. It is therefore imperative to consider using … 相似文献
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XU Ming REN Haiqing LI Xiazhen Research Institute of Wood Industry Chinese Academy of Forestry Beijing P.R.China 《中国林业科技(英文版)》2007,(3)
The variation of tensile strength parallel to grain in Chinese fir and I-214 poplar wood from plantations was studied in this paper. Aaccording to the national standards The Testing Methods for Physical and Mechanical Properties of Wood (GB 1927 to 1943 ? 1991), the small clear wood samples were cut and tested, which represent the south and north of trees with heights of 1.3, 3.3, 5.3 and 7.3 m. The results showed: the tensile strength parallel to grain of the north wood was higher than that of south wood. ANOVA shows that the tensile strength parallel to the grain with height is of significant difference (at 0.05 level). 相似文献